xref: /freebsd/contrib/bmake/mk/README (revision dd41de95a84d979615a2ef11df6850622bf6184e)
1#	$Id: README,v 1.2 2020/08/19 17:51:53 sjg Exp $
2
3This directory contains some macro's derrived from the NetBSD bsd.*.mk
4macros.  They have the same names but without the bsd., separate macro
5files are needed to ensure we can make them do what we want for
6builing things outside of /usr/src.  Nearly all the comments below
7apply.
8
9#	$NetBSD: bsd.README,v 1.18 1997/01/13 00:54:23 mark Exp $
10#	@(#)bsd.README	5.1 (Berkeley) 5/11/90
11
12This is the README file for the new make "include" files for the BSD
13source tree.  The files are installed in /usr/share/mk, and are, by
14convention, named with the suffix ".mk".
15
16Note, this file is not intended to replace reading through the .mk
17files for anything tricky.
18
19=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
20
21RANDOM THINGS WORTH KNOWING:
22
23The files are simply C-style #include files, and pretty much behave like
24you'd expect.  The syntax is slightly different in that a single '.' is
25used instead of the hash mark, i.e. ".include <bsd.prog.mk>".
26
27One difference that will save you lots of debugging time is that inclusion
28of the file is normally done at the *end* of the Makefile.  The reason for
29this is because .mk files often modify variables and behavior based on the
30values of variables set in the Makefile.  To make this work, remember that
31the FIRST target found is the target that is used, i.e. if the Makefile has:
32
33	a:
34		echo a
35	a:
36		echo a number two
37
38the command "make a" will echo "a".  To make things confusing, the SECOND
39variable assignment is the overriding one, i.e. if the Makefile has:
40
41	a=	foo
42	a=	bar
43
44	b:
45		echo ${a}
46
47the command "make b" will echo "bar".  This is for compatibility with the
48way the V7 make behaved.
49
50It's fairly difficult to make the BSD .mk files work when you're building
51multiple programs in a single directory.  It's a lot easier split up the
52programs than to deal with the problem.  Most of the agony comes from making
53the "obj" directory stuff work right, not because we switch to a new version
54of make.  So, don't get mad at us, figure out a better way to handle multiple
55architectures so we can quit using the symbolic link stuff.  (Imake doesn't
56count.)
57
58The file .depend in the source directory is expected to contain dependencies
59for the source files.  This file is read automatically by make after reading
60the Makefile.
61
62The variable DESTDIR works as before.  It's not set anywhere but will change
63the tree where the file gets installed.
64
65The profiled libraries are no longer built in a different directory than
66the regular libraries.  A new suffix, ".po", is used to denote a profiled
67object.
68
69=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
70
71The include file <sys.mk> has the default rules for all makes, in the BSD
72environment or otherwise.  You probably don't want to touch this file.
73
74=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
75
76The include file <bsd.man.mk> handles installing manual pages and their
77links.
78
79It has a single target:
80
81	maninstall:
82		Install the manual pages and their links.
83
84It sets/uses the following variables:
85
86MANDIR		Base path for manual installation.
87
88MANGRP		Manual group.
89
90MANOWN		Manual owner.
91
92MANMODE		Manual mode.
93
94MANSUBDIR	Subdirectory under the manual page section, i.e. "/vax"
95		or "/tahoe" for machine specific manual pages.
96
97MAN		The manual pages to be installed (use a .1 - .9 suffix).
98
99MLINKS		List of manual page links (using a .1 - .9 suffix).  The
100		linked-to file must come first, the linked file second,
101		and there may be multiple pairs.  The files are soft-linked.
102
103The include file <bsd.man.mk> includes a file named "../Makefile.inc" if
104it exists.
105
106=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
107
108The include file <bsd.own.mk> contains source tree configuration parameters,
109such as the owners, groups, etc. for both manual pages and binaries, and
110a few global "feature configuration" parameters.
111
112It has no targets.
113
114To get system-specific configuration parameters, bsd.own.mk will try to
115include the file specified by the "MAKECONF" variable.  If MAKECONF is not
116set, or no such file exists, the system make configuration file, /etc/mk.conf
117is included.  These files may define any of the variables described below.
118
119bsd.own.mk sets the following variables, if they are not already defined
120(defaults are in brackets):
121
122BSDSRCDIR	The real path to the system sources, so that 'make obj'
123		will work correctly. [/usr/src]
124
125BSDOBJDIR	The real path to the system 'obj' tree, so that 'make obj'
126		will work correctly. [/usr/obj]
127
128BINGRP		Binary group. [bin]
129
130BINOWN		Binary owner. [bin]
131
132BINMODE		Binary mode. [555]
133
134NONBINMODE	Mode for non-executable files. [444]
135
136MANDIR		Base path for manual installation. [/usr/share/man/cat]
137
138MANGRP		Manual group. [bin]
139
140MANOWN		Manual owner. [bin]
141
142MANMODE		Manual mode. [${NONBINMODE}]
143
144LIBDIR		Base path for library installation. [/usr/lib]
145
146LINTLIBDIR	Base path for lint(1) library installation. [/usr/libdata/lint]
147
148LIBGRP		Library group. [${BINGRP}]
149
150LIBOWN		Library owner. [${BINOWN}]
151
152LIBMODE		Library mode. [${NONBINMODE}]
153
154DOCDIR		Base path for system documentation (e.g. PSD, USD, etc.)
155	        installation. [/usr/share/doc]
156
157DOCGRP		Documentation group. [bin]
158
159DOCOWN		Documentation owner. [bin]
160
161DOCMODE		Documentation mode. [${NONBINMODE}]
162
163NLSDIR		Base path for National Language Support files installation.
164		[/usr/share/nls]
165
166NLSGRP		National Language Support files group. [bin]
167
168NLSOWN		National Language Support files owner. [bin]
169
170NLSMODE		National Language Support files mode. [${NONBINMODE}]
171
172STRIP		The flag passed to the install program to cause the binary
173		to be stripped.  This is to be used when building your
174		own install script so that the entire system can be made
175		stripped/not-stripped using a single knob. [-s]
176
177COPY		The flag passed to the install program to cause the binary
178		to be copied rather than moved.  This is to be used when
179		building our own install script so that the entire system
180		can either be installed with copies, or with moves using
181		a single knob. [-c]
182
183Additionally, the following variables may be set by bsd.own.mk or in a
184make configuration file to modify the behaviour of the system build
185process (default values are in brackets along with comments, if set by
186bsd.own.mk):
187
188EXPORTABLE_SYSTEM
189		Do not build /usr/src/domestic, even if it is present.
190
191SKEY		Compile in support for S/key authentication. [yes, set
192		unconditionally]
193
194KERBEROS	Compile in support for Kerberos 4 authentication.
195
196KERBEROS5	Compile in support for Kerberos 5 authentication.
197
198MANZ		Compress manual pages at installation time.
199
200SYS_INCLUDE	Copy or symlink kernel include files into /usr/include.
201		Possible values are "symlinks" or "copies" (which is
202		the same as the variable being unset).
203
204NOPROFILE	Do not build profiled versions of system libraries
205
206NOPIC		Do not build PIC versions of system libraries, and
207		do not build shared libraries.  [set if ${MACHINE_ARCH}
208		is "mips", "vax", "alpha" or "arm32", unset otherwise.]
209
210NOLINT		Do not build lint libraries. [set, set unconditionally]
211
212bsd.own.mk is generally useful when building your own Makefiles so that
213they use the same default owners etc. as the rest of the tree.
214
215=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
216
217The include file <bsd.prog.mk> handles building programs from one or
218more source files, along with their manual pages.  It has a limited number
219of suffixes, consistent with the current needs of the BSD tree.
220
221It has eight targets:
222
223	all:
224		build the program and its manual page
225	clean:
226		remove the program, any object files and the files a.out,
227		Errs, errs, mklog, and core.
228	cleandir:
229		remove all of the files removed by the target clean, as
230		well as .depend, tags, and any manual pages.
231	depend:
232		make the dependencies for the source files, and store
233		them in the file .depend.
234	includes:
235		install any header files.
236	install:
237		install the program and its manual pages; if the Makefile
238		does not itself define the target install, the targets
239		beforeinstall and afterinstall may also be used to cause
240		actions immediately before and after the install target
241		is executed.
242	lint:
243		run lint on the source files
244	tags:
245		create a tags file for the source files.
246
247It sets/uses the following variables:
248
249BINGRP		Binary group.
250
251BINOWN		Binary owner.
252
253BINMODE		Binary mode.
254
255CLEANFILES	Additional files to remove for the clean and cleandir targets.
256
257COPTS		Additional flags to the compiler when creating C objects.
258
259HIDEGAME	If HIDEGAME is defined, the binary is installed in
260		/usr/games/hide, and a symbolic link is created to
261		/usr/games/dm.
262
263LDADD		Additional loader objects.  Usually used for libraries.
264		For example, to load with the compatibility and utility
265		libraries, use:
266
267			LDADD+=-lutil -lcompat
268
269LDFLAGS		Additional loader flags.
270
271LINKS		The list of binary links; should be full pathnames, the
272		linked-to file coming first, followed by the linked
273		file.  The files are hard-linked.  For example, to link
274		/bin/test and /bin/[, use:
275
276			LINKS=	${DESTDIR}/bin/test ${DESTDIR}/bin/[
277
278MAN		Manual pages (should end in .1 - .9).  If no MAN variable is
279		defined, "MAN=${PROG}.1" is assumed.
280
281PROG		The name of the program to build.  If not supplied, nothing
282		is built.
283
284SRCS		List of source files to build the program.  If PROG is not
285		defined, it's assumed to be ${PROG}.c.
286
287DPADD		Additional dependencies for the program.  Usually used for
288		libraries.  For example, to depend on the compatibility and
289		utility libraries use:
290
291			DPADD+=${LIBCOMPAT} ${LIBUTIL}
292
293		The following libraries are predefined for DPADD:
294
295			LIBC		/lib/libc.a
296			LIBCOMPAT	/usr/lib/libcompat.a
297			LIBCRYPT	/usr/lib/libcrypt.a
298			LIBCURSES	/usr/lib/libcurses.a
299			LIBDBM		/usr/lib/libdbm.a
300			LIBDES		/usr/lib/libdes.a
301			LIBL		/usr/lib/libl.a
302			LIBKDB		/usr/lib/libkdb.a
303			LIBKRB		/usr/lib/libkrb.a
304			LIBKVM		/usr/lib/libkvm.a
305			LIBM		/usr/lib/libm.a
306			LIBMP		/usr/lib/libmp.a
307			LIBPC		/usr/lib/libpc.a
308			LIBPLOT		/usr/lib/libplot.a
309			LIBRPC		/usr/lib/sunrpc.a
310			LIBTERM		/usr/lib/libterm.a
311			LIBUTIL		/usr/lib/libutil.a
312
313SHAREDSTRINGS	If defined, a new .c.o rule is used that results in shared
314		strings, using xstr(1). Note that this will not work with
315		parallel makes.
316
317STRIP		The flag passed to the install program to cause the binary
318		to be stripped.
319
320SUBDIR		A list of subdirectories that should be built as well.
321		Each of the targets will execute the same target in the
322		subdirectories.
323
324The include file <bsd.prog.mk> includes the file named "../Makefile.inc"
325if it exists, as well as the include file <bsd.man.mk>.
326
327Some simple examples:
328
329To build foo from foo.c with a manual page foo.1, use:
330
331	PROG=	foo
332
333	.include <bsd.prog.mk>
334
335To build foo from foo.c with a manual page foo.2, add the line:
336
337	MAN=	foo.2
338
339If foo does not have a manual page at all, add the line:
340
341	NOMAN=	noman
342
343If foo has multiple source files, add the line:
344
345	SRCS=	a.c b.c c.c d.c
346
347=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
348
349The include file <bsd.subdir.mk> contains the default targets for building
350subdirectories.  It has the same eight targets as <bsd.prog.mk>: all,
351clean, cleandir, depend, includes, install, lint, and tags.  For all of
352the directories listed in the variable SUBDIRS, the specified directory
353will be visited and the target made.  There is also a default target which
354allows the command "make subdir" where subdir is any directory listed in
355the variable SUBDIRS.
356
357=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
358
359The include file <bsd.sys.mk> is used by <bsd.prog.mk> and
360<bsd.lib.mk>.  It contains overrides that are used when building
361the NetBSD source tree.  For instance, if "PARALLEL" is defined by
362the program/library Makefile, it includes a set of rules for lex and
363yacc that allow multiple lex and yacc targets to be built in parallel.
364
365=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
366
367The include file <bsd.lib.mk> has support for building libraries.  It has
368the same eight targets as <bsd.prog.mk>: all, clean, cleandir, depend,
369includes, install, lint, and tags.  It has a limited number of suffixes,
370consistent with the current needs of the BSD tree.
371
372It sets/uses the following variables:
373
374LIB		The name of the library to build.
375
376LIBDIR		Target directory for libraries.
377
378LINTLIBDIR	Target directory for lint libraries.
379
380LIBGRP		Library group.
381
382LIBOWN		Library owner.
383
384LIBMODE		Library mode.
385
386LDADD		Additional loader objects.
387
388MAN		The manual pages to be installed (use a .1 - .9 suffix).
389
390SRCS		List of source files to build the library.  Suffix types
391		.s, .c, and .f are supported.  Note, .s files are preferred
392		to .c files of the same name.  (This is not the default for
393		versions of make.)
394
395The include file <bsd.lib.mk> includes the file named "../Makefile.inc"
396if it exists, as well as the include file <bsd.man.mk>.
397
398It has rules for building profiled objects; profiled libraries are
399built by default.
400
401Libraries are ranlib'd when made.
402