xref: /freebsd/contrib/bearssl/src/ec/ec_c25519_i31.c (revision 7fdf597e96a02165cfe22ff357b857d5fa15ed8a)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2017 Thomas Pornin <pornin@bolet.org>
3  *
4  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
5  * a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
6  * "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
7  * without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
8  * distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
9  * permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
10  * the following conditions:
11  *
12  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
13  * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
14  *
15  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
16  * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
17  * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
18  * NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS
19  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN
20  * ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
21  * CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
22  * SOFTWARE.
23  */
24 
25 #include "inner.h"
26 
27 /*
28  * Parameters for the field:
29  *   - field modulus p = 2^255-19
30  *   - R^2 mod p (R = 2^(31k) for the smallest k such that R >= p)
31  */
32 
33 static const uint32_t C255_P[] = {
34 	0x00000107,
35 	0x7FFFFFED, 0x7FFFFFFF, 0x7FFFFFFF, 0x7FFFFFFF, 0x7FFFFFFF,
36 	0x7FFFFFFF, 0x7FFFFFFF, 0x7FFFFFFF, 0x0000007F
37 };
38 
39 #define P0I   0x286BCA1B
40 
41 static const uint32_t C255_R2[] = {
42 	0x00000107,
43 	0x00000000, 0x02D20000, 0x00000000, 0x00000000, 0x00000000,
44 	0x00000000, 0x00000000, 0x00000000, 0x00000000
45 };
46 
47 static const uint32_t C255_A24[] = {
48 	0x00000107,
49 	0x53000000, 0x0000468B, 0x00000000, 0x00000000, 0x00000000,
50 	0x00000000, 0x00000000, 0x00000000, 0x00000000
51 };
52 
53 /* obsolete
54 #include <stdio.h>
55 #include <stdlib.h>
56 static void
57 print_int_mont(const char *name, const uint32_t *x)
58 {
59 	uint32_t y[10];
60 	unsigned char tmp[32];
61 	size_t u;
62 
63 	printf("%s = ", name);
64 	memcpy(y, x, sizeof y);
65 	br_i31_from_monty(y, C255_P, P0I);
66 	br_i31_encode(tmp, sizeof tmp, y);
67 	for (u = 0; u < sizeof tmp; u ++) {
68 		printf("%02X", tmp[u]);
69 	}
70 	printf("\n");
71 }
72 */
73 
74 static const unsigned char GEN[] = {
75 	0x09, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
76 	0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
77 	0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
78 	0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
79 };
80 
81 static const unsigned char ORDER[] = {
82 	0x7F, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,
83 	0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,
84 	0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,
85 	0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF
86 };
87 
88 static const unsigned char *
89 api_generator(int curve, size_t *len)
90 {
91 	(void)curve;
92 	*len = 32;
93 	return GEN;
94 }
95 
96 static const unsigned char *
97 api_order(int curve, size_t *len)
98 {
99 	(void)curve;
100 	*len = 32;
101 	return ORDER;
102 }
103 
104 static size_t
105 api_xoff(int curve, size_t *len)
106 {
107 	(void)curve;
108 	*len = 32;
109 	return 0;
110 }
111 
112 static void
113 cswap(uint32_t *a, uint32_t *b, uint32_t ctl)
114 {
115 	int i;
116 
117 	ctl = -ctl;
118 	for (i = 0; i < 10; i ++) {
119 		uint32_t aw, bw, tw;
120 
121 		aw = a[i];
122 		bw = b[i];
123 		tw = ctl & (aw ^ bw);
124 		a[i] = aw ^ tw;
125 		b[i] = bw ^ tw;
126 	}
127 }
128 
129 static void
130 c255_add(uint32_t *d, const uint32_t *a, const uint32_t *b)
131 {
132 	uint32_t ctl;
133 	uint32_t t[10];
134 
135 	memcpy(t, a, sizeof t);
136 	ctl = br_i31_add(t, b, 1);
137 	ctl |= NOT(br_i31_sub(t, C255_P, 0));
138 	br_i31_sub(t, C255_P, ctl);
139 	memcpy(d, t, sizeof t);
140 }
141 
142 static void
143 c255_sub(uint32_t *d, const uint32_t *a, const uint32_t *b)
144 {
145 	uint32_t t[10];
146 
147 	memcpy(t, a, sizeof t);
148 	br_i31_add(t, C255_P, br_i31_sub(t, b, 1));
149 	memcpy(d, t, sizeof t);
150 }
151 
152 static void
153 c255_mul(uint32_t *d, const uint32_t *a, const uint32_t *b)
154 {
155 	uint32_t t[10];
156 
157 	br_i31_montymul(t, a, b, C255_P, P0I);
158 	memcpy(d, t, sizeof t);
159 }
160 
161 static void
162 byteswap(unsigned char *G)
163 {
164 	int i;
165 
166 	for (i = 0; i < 16; i ++) {
167 		unsigned char t;
168 
169 		t = G[i];
170 		G[i] = G[31 - i];
171 		G[31 - i] = t;
172 	}
173 }
174 
175 static uint32_t
176 api_mul(unsigned char *G, size_t Glen,
177 	const unsigned char *kb, size_t kblen, int curve)
178 {
179 	uint32_t x1[10], x2[10], x3[10], z2[10], z3[10];
180 	uint32_t a[10], aa[10], b[10], bb[10];
181 	uint32_t c[10], d[10], e[10], da[10], cb[10];
182 	unsigned char k[32];
183 	uint32_t swap;
184 	int i;
185 
186 	(void)curve;
187 
188 	/*
189 	 * Points are encoded over exactly 32 bytes. Multipliers must fit
190 	 * in 32 bytes as well.
191 	 * RFC 7748 mandates that the high bit of the last point byte must
192 	 * be ignored/cleared.
193 	 */
194 	if (Glen != 32 || kblen > 32) {
195 		return 0;
196 	}
197 	G[31] &= 0x7F;
198 
199 	/*
200 	 * Byteswap the point encoding, because it uses little-endian, and
201 	 * the generic decoding routine uses big-endian.
202 	 */
203 	byteswap(G);
204 
205 	/*
206 	 * Decode the point ('u' coordinate). This should be reduced
207 	 * modulo p, but we prefer to avoid the dependency on
208 	 * br_i31_decode_reduce(). Instead, we use br_i31_decode_mod()
209 	 * with a synthetic modulus of value 2^255 (this must work
210 	 * since G was truncated to 255 bits), then use a conditional
211 	 * subtraction. We use br_i31_decode_mod() and not
212 	 * br_i31_decode(), because the ec_prime_i31 implementation uses
213 	 * the former but not the latter.
214 	 *    br_i31_decode_reduce(a, G, 32, C255_P);
215 	 */
216 	br_i31_zero(b, 0x108);
217 	b[9] = 0x0080;
218 	br_i31_decode_mod(a, G, 32, b);
219 	a[0] = 0x107;
220 	br_i31_sub(a, C255_P, NOT(br_i31_sub(a, C255_P, 0)));
221 
222 	/*
223 	 * Initialise variables x1, x2, z2, x3 and z3. We set all of them
224 	 * into Montgomery representation.
225 	 */
226 	br_i31_montymul(x1, a, C255_R2, C255_P, P0I);
227 	memcpy(x3, x1, sizeof x1);
228 	br_i31_zero(z2, C255_P[0]);
229 	memcpy(x2, z2, sizeof z2);
230 	x2[1] = 0x13000000;
231 	memcpy(z3, x2, sizeof x2);
232 
233 	/*
234 	 * kb[] is in big-endian notation, but possibly shorter than k[].
235 	 */
236 	memset(k, 0, (sizeof k) - kblen);
237 	memcpy(k + (sizeof k) - kblen, kb, kblen);
238 	k[31] &= 0xF8;
239 	k[0] &= 0x7F;
240 	k[0] |= 0x40;
241 
242 	/* obsolete
243 	print_int_mont("x1", x1);
244 	*/
245 
246 	swap = 0;
247 	for (i = 254; i >= 0; i --) {
248 		uint32_t kt;
249 
250 		kt = (k[31 - (i >> 3)] >> (i & 7)) & 1;
251 		swap ^= kt;
252 		cswap(x2, x3, swap);
253 		cswap(z2, z3, swap);
254 		swap = kt;
255 
256 		/* obsolete
257 		print_int_mont("x2", x2);
258 		print_int_mont("z2", z2);
259 		print_int_mont("x3", x3);
260 		print_int_mont("z3", z3);
261 		*/
262 
263 		c255_add(a, x2, z2);
264 		c255_mul(aa, a, a);
265 		c255_sub(b, x2, z2);
266 		c255_mul(bb, b, b);
267 		c255_sub(e, aa, bb);
268 		c255_add(c, x3, z3);
269 		c255_sub(d, x3, z3);
270 		c255_mul(da, d, a);
271 		c255_mul(cb, c, b);
272 
273 		/* obsolete
274 		print_int_mont("a ", a);
275 		print_int_mont("aa", aa);
276 		print_int_mont("b ", b);
277 		print_int_mont("bb", bb);
278 		print_int_mont("e ", e);
279 		print_int_mont("c ", c);
280 		print_int_mont("d ", d);
281 		print_int_mont("da", da);
282 		print_int_mont("cb", cb);
283 		*/
284 
285 		c255_add(x3, da, cb);
286 		c255_mul(x3, x3, x3);
287 		c255_sub(z3, da, cb);
288 		c255_mul(z3, z3, z3);
289 		c255_mul(z3, z3, x1);
290 		c255_mul(x2, aa, bb);
291 		c255_mul(z2, C255_A24, e);
292 		c255_add(z2, z2, aa);
293 		c255_mul(z2, e, z2);
294 
295 		/* obsolete
296 		print_int_mont("x2", x2);
297 		print_int_mont("z2", z2);
298 		print_int_mont("x3", x3);
299 		print_int_mont("z3", z3);
300 		*/
301 	}
302 	cswap(x2, x3, swap);
303 	cswap(z2, z3, swap);
304 
305 	/*
306 	 * Inverse z2 with a modular exponentiation. This is a simple
307 	 * square-and-multiply algorithm; we mutualise most non-squarings
308 	 * since the exponent contains almost only ones.
309 	 */
310 	memcpy(a, z2, sizeof z2);
311 	for (i = 0; i < 15; i ++) {
312 		c255_mul(a, a, a);
313 		c255_mul(a, a, z2);
314 	}
315 	memcpy(b, a, sizeof a);
316 	for (i = 0; i < 14; i ++) {
317 		int j;
318 
319 		for (j = 0; j < 16; j ++) {
320 			c255_mul(b, b, b);
321 		}
322 		c255_mul(b, b, a);
323 	}
324 	for (i = 14; i >= 0; i --) {
325 		c255_mul(b, b, b);
326 		if ((0xFFEB >> i) & 1) {
327 			c255_mul(b, z2, b);
328 		}
329 	}
330 	c255_mul(b, x2, b);
331 
332 	/*
333 	 * To avoid a dependency on br_i31_from_monty(), we use
334 	 * a Montgomery multiplication with 1.
335 	 *    memcpy(x2, b, sizeof b);
336 	 *    br_i31_from_monty(x2, C255_P, P0I);
337 	 */
338 	br_i31_zero(a, C255_P[0]);
339 	a[1] = 1;
340 	br_i31_montymul(x2, a, b, C255_P, P0I);
341 
342 	br_i31_encode(G, 32, x2);
343 	byteswap(G);
344 	return 1;
345 }
346 
347 static size_t
348 api_mulgen(unsigned char *R,
349 	const unsigned char *x, size_t xlen, int curve)
350 {
351 	const unsigned char *G;
352 	size_t Glen;
353 
354 	G = api_generator(curve, &Glen);
355 	memcpy(R, G, Glen);
356 	api_mul(R, Glen, x, xlen, curve);
357 	return Glen;
358 }
359 
360 static uint32_t
361 api_muladd(unsigned char *A, const unsigned char *B, size_t len,
362 	const unsigned char *x, size_t xlen,
363 	const unsigned char *y, size_t ylen, int curve)
364 {
365 	/*
366 	 * We don't implement this method, since it is used for ECDSA
367 	 * only, and there is no ECDSA over Curve25519 (which instead
368 	 * uses EdDSA).
369 	 */
370 	(void)A;
371 	(void)B;
372 	(void)len;
373 	(void)x;
374 	(void)xlen;
375 	(void)y;
376 	(void)ylen;
377 	(void)curve;
378 	return 0;
379 }
380 
381 /* see bearssl_ec.h */
382 const br_ec_impl br_ec_c25519_i31 = {
383 	(uint32_t)0x20000000,
384 	&api_generator,
385 	&api_order,
386 	&api_xoff,
387 	&api_mul,
388 	&api_mulgen,
389 	&api_muladd
390 };
391