xref: /freebsd/contrib/bearssl/src/ec/ec_c25519_i15.c (revision f81cdf24ba5436367377f7c8e8f51f6df2a75ca7)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2017 Thomas Pornin <pornin@bolet.org>
3  *
4  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
5  * a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
6  * "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
7  * without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
8  * distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
9  * permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
10  * the following conditions:
11  *
12  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
13  * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
14  *
15  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
16  * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
17  * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
18  * NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS
19  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN
20  * ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
21  * CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
22  * SOFTWARE.
23  */
24 
25 #include "inner.h"
26 
27 /*
28  * Parameters for the field:
29  *   - field modulus p = 2^255-19
30  *   - R^2 mod p (R = 2^(15k) for the smallest k such that R >= p)
31  */
32 
33 static const uint16_t C255_P[] = {
34 	0x0110,
35 	0x7FED, 0x7FFF, 0x7FFF, 0x7FFF, 0x7FFF, 0x7FFF, 0x7FFF, 0x7FFF,
36 	0x7FFF, 0x7FFF, 0x7FFF, 0x7FFF, 0x7FFF, 0x7FFF, 0x7FFF, 0x7FFF,
37 	0x7FFF
38 };
39 
40 #define P0I   0x4A1B
41 
42 static const uint16_t C255_R2[] = {
43 	0x0110,
44 	0x0169, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000,
45 	0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000,
46 	0x0000
47 };
48 
49 /* obsolete
50 #include <stdio.h>
51 #include <stdlib.h>
52 static void
53 print_int_mont(const char *name, const uint16_t *x)
54 {
55 	uint16_t y[18];
56 	unsigned char tmp[32];
57 	size_t u;
58 
59 	printf("%s = ", name);
60 	memcpy(y, x, sizeof y);
61 	br_i15_from_monty(y, C255_P, P0I);
62 	br_i15_encode(tmp, sizeof tmp, y);
63 	for (u = 0; u < sizeof tmp; u ++) {
64 		printf("%02X", tmp[u]);
65 	}
66 	printf("\n");
67 }
68 */
69 
70 static const uint16_t C255_A24[] = {
71 	0x0110,
72 	0x45D3, 0x0046, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000,
73 	0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000,
74 	0x0000
75 };
76 
77 static const unsigned char GEN[] = {
78 	0x09, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
79 	0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
80 	0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
81 	0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
82 };
83 
84 static const unsigned char ORDER[] = {
85 	0x7F, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,
86 	0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,
87 	0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,
88 	0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF
89 };
90 
91 static const unsigned char *
92 api_generator(int curve, size_t *len)
93 {
94 	(void)curve;
95 	*len = 32;
96 	return GEN;
97 }
98 
99 static const unsigned char *
100 api_order(int curve, size_t *len)
101 {
102 	(void)curve;
103 	*len = 32;
104 	return ORDER;
105 }
106 
107 static size_t
108 api_xoff(int curve, size_t *len)
109 {
110 	(void)curve;
111 	*len = 32;
112 	return 0;
113 }
114 
115 static void
116 cswap(uint16_t *a, uint16_t *b, uint32_t ctl)
117 {
118 	int i;
119 
120 	ctl = -ctl;
121 	for (i = 0; i < 18; i ++) {
122 		uint32_t aw, bw, tw;
123 
124 		aw = a[i];
125 		bw = b[i];
126 		tw = ctl & (aw ^ bw);
127 		a[i] = aw ^ tw;
128 		b[i] = bw ^ tw;
129 	}
130 }
131 
132 static void
133 c255_add(uint16_t *d, const uint16_t *a, const uint16_t *b)
134 {
135 	uint32_t ctl;
136 	uint16_t t[18];
137 
138 	memcpy(t, a, sizeof t);
139 	ctl = br_i15_add(t, b, 1);
140 	ctl |= NOT(br_i15_sub(t, C255_P, 0));
141 	br_i15_sub(t, C255_P, ctl);
142 	memcpy(d, t, sizeof t);
143 }
144 
145 static void
146 c255_sub(uint16_t *d, const uint16_t *a, const uint16_t *b)
147 {
148 	uint16_t t[18];
149 
150 	memcpy(t, a, sizeof t);
151 	br_i15_add(t, C255_P, br_i15_sub(t, b, 1));
152 	memcpy(d, t, sizeof t);
153 }
154 
155 static void
156 c255_mul(uint16_t *d, const uint16_t *a, const uint16_t *b)
157 {
158 	uint16_t t[18];
159 
160 	br_i15_montymul(t, a, b, C255_P, P0I);
161 	memcpy(d, t, sizeof t);
162 }
163 
164 static void
165 byteswap(unsigned char *G)
166 {
167 	int i;
168 
169 	for (i = 0; i < 16; i ++) {
170 		unsigned char t;
171 
172 		t = G[i];
173 		G[i] = G[31 - i];
174 		G[31 - i] = t;
175 	}
176 }
177 
178 static uint32_t
179 api_mul(unsigned char *G, size_t Glen,
180 	const unsigned char *kb, size_t kblen, int curve)
181 {
182 #define ILEN   (18 * sizeof(uint16_t))
183 
184 	/*
185 	 * The a[] and b[] arrays have an extra word to allow for
186 	 * decoding without using br_i15_decode_reduce().
187 	 */
188 	uint16_t x1[18], x2[18], x3[18], z2[18], z3[18];
189 	uint16_t a[19], aa[18], b[19], bb[18];
190 	uint16_t c[18], d[18], e[18], da[18], cb[18];
191 	unsigned char k[32];
192 	uint32_t swap;
193 	int i;
194 
195 	(void)curve;
196 
197 	/*
198 	 * Points are encoded over exactly 32 bytes. Multipliers must fit
199 	 * in 32 bytes as well.
200 	 * RFC 7748 mandates that the high bit of the last point byte must
201 	 * be ignored/cleared.
202 	 */
203 	if (Glen != 32 || kblen > 32) {
204 		return 0;
205 	}
206 	G[31] &= 0x7F;
207 
208 	/*
209 	 * Byteswap the point encoding, because it uses little-endian, and
210 	 * the generic decoding routine uses big-endian.
211 	 */
212 	byteswap(G);
213 
214 	/*
215 	 * Decode the point ('u' coordinate). This should be reduced
216 	 * modulo p, but we prefer to avoid the dependency on
217 	 * br_i15_decode_reduce(). Instead, we use br_i15_decode_mod()
218 	 * with a synthetic modulus of value 2^255 (this must work
219 	 * since G was truncated to 255 bits), then use a conditional
220 	 * subtraction. We use br_i15_decode_mod() and not
221 	 * br_i15_decode(), because the ec_prime_i15 implementation uses
222 	 * the former but not the latter.
223 	 *    br_i15_decode_reduce(a, G, 32, C255_P);
224 	 */
225 	br_i15_zero(b, 0x111);
226 	b[18] = 1;
227 	br_i15_decode_mod(a, G, 32, b);
228 	a[0] = 0x110;
229 	br_i15_sub(a, C255_P, NOT(br_i15_sub(a, C255_P, 0)));
230 
231 	/*
232 	 * Initialise variables x1, x2, z2, x3 and z3. We set all of them
233 	 * into Montgomery representation.
234 	 */
235 	br_i15_montymul(x1, a, C255_R2, C255_P, P0I);
236 	memcpy(x3, x1, ILEN);
237 	br_i15_zero(z2, C255_P[0]);
238 	memcpy(x2, z2, ILEN);
239 	x2[1] = 19;
240 	memcpy(z3, x2, ILEN);
241 
242 	memset(k, 0, (sizeof k) - kblen);
243 	memcpy(k + (sizeof k) - kblen, kb, kblen);
244 	k[31] &= 0xF8;
245 	k[0] &= 0x7F;
246 	k[0] |= 0x40;
247 
248 	/* obsolete
249 	print_int_mont("x1", x1);
250 	*/
251 
252 	swap = 0;
253 	for (i = 254; i >= 0; i --) {
254 		uint32_t kt;
255 
256 		kt = (k[31 - (i >> 3)] >> (i & 7)) & 1;
257 		swap ^= kt;
258 		cswap(x2, x3, swap);
259 		cswap(z2, z3, swap);
260 		swap = kt;
261 
262 		/* obsolete
263 		print_int_mont("x2", x2);
264 		print_int_mont("z2", z2);
265 		print_int_mont("x3", x3);
266 		print_int_mont("z3", z3);
267 		*/
268 
269 		c255_add(a, x2, z2);
270 		c255_mul(aa, a, a);
271 		c255_sub(b, x2, z2);
272 		c255_mul(bb, b, b);
273 		c255_sub(e, aa, bb);
274 		c255_add(c, x3, z3);
275 		c255_sub(d, x3, z3);
276 		c255_mul(da, d, a);
277 		c255_mul(cb, c, b);
278 
279 		/* obsolete
280 		print_int_mont("a ", a);
281 		print_int_mont("aa", aa);
282 		print_int_mont("b ", b);
283 		print_int_mont("bb", bb);
284 		print_int_mont("e ", e);
285 		print_int_mont("c ", c);
286 		print_int_mont("d ", d);
287 		print_int_mont("da", da);
288 		print_int_mont("cb", cb);
289 		*/
290 
291 		c255_add(x3, da, cb);
292 		c255_mul(x3, x3, x3);
293 		c255_sub(z3, da, cb);
294 		c255_mul(z3, z3, z3);
295 		c255_mul(z3, z3, x1);
296 		c255_mul(x2, aa, bb);
297 		c255_mul(z2, C255_A24, e);
298 		c255_add(z2, z2, aa);
299 		c255_mul(z2, e, z2);
300 
301 		/* obsolete
302 		print_int_mont("x2", x2);
303 		print_int_mont("z2", z2);
304 		print_int_mont("x3", x3);
305 		print_int_mont("z3", z3);
306 		*/
307 	}
308 	cswap(x2, x3, swap);
309 	cswap(z2, z3, swap);
310 
311 	/*
312 	 * Inverse z2 with a modular exponentiation. This is a simple
313 	 * square-and-multiply algorithm; we mutualise most non-squarings
314 	 * since the exponent contains almost only ones.
315 	 */
316 	memcpy(a, z2, ILEN);
317 	for (i = 0; i < 15; i ++) {
318 		c255_mul(a, a, a);
319 		c255_mul(a, a, z2);
320 	}
321 	memcpy(b, a, ILEN);
322 	for (i = 0; i < 14; i ++) {
323 		int j;
324 
325 		for (j = 0; j < 16; j ++) {
326 			c255_mul(b, b, b);
327 		}
328 		c255_mul(b, b, a);
329 	}
330 	for (i = 14; i >= 0; i --) {
331 		c255_mul(b, b, b);
332 		if ((0xFFEB >> i) & 1) {
333 			c255_mul(b, z2, b);
334 		}
335 	}
336 	c255_mul(b, x2, b);
337 
338 	/*
339 	 * To avoid a dependency on br_i15_from_monty(), we use a
340 	 * Montgomery multiplication with 1.
341 	 *    memcpy(x2, b, ILEN);
342 	 *    br_i15_from_monty(x2, C255_P, P0I);
343 	 */
344 	br_i15_zero(a, C255_P[0]);
345 	a[1] = 1;
346 	br_i15_montymul(x2, a, b, C255_P, P0I);
347 
348 	br_i15_encode(G, 32, x2);
349 	byteswap(G);
350 	return 1;
351 
352 #undef ILEN
353 }
354 
355 static size_t
356 api_mulgen(unsigned char *R,
357 	const unsigned char *x, size_t xlen, int curve)
358 {
359 	const unsigned char *G;
360 	size_t Glen;
361 
362 	G = api_generator(curve, &Glen);
363 	memcpy(R, G, Glen);
364 	api_mul(R, Glen, x, xlen, curve);
365 	return Glen;
366 }
367 
368 static uint32_t
369 api_muladd(unsigned char *A, const unsigned char *B, size_t len,
370 	const unsigned char *x, size_t xlen,
371 	const unsigned char *y, size_t ylen, int curve)
372 {
373 	/*
374 	 * We don't implement this method, since it is used for ECDSA
375 	 * only, and there is no ECDSA over Curve25519 (which instead
376 	 * uses EdDSA).
377 	 */
378 	(void)A;
379 	(void)B;
380 	(void)len;
381 	(void)x;
382 	(void)xlen;
383 	(void)y;
384 	(void)ylen;
385 	(void)curve;
386 	return 0;
387 }
388 
389 /* see bearssl_ec.h */
390 const br_ec_impl br_ec_c25519_i15 = {
391 	(uint32_t)0x20000000,
392 	&api_generator,
393 	&api_order,
394 	&api_xoff,
395 	&api_mul,
396 	&api_mulgen,
397 	&api_muladd
398 };
399