xref: /freebsd/contrib/bc/include/vm.h (revision 8e9740b62e950b40dcf7dbe729855be14450d40d)
1 /*
2  * *****************************************************************************
3  *
4  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
5  *
6  * Copyright (c) 2018-2021 Gavin D. Howard and contributors.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
10  *
11  * * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
12  *   list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  *
14  * * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
15  *   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
16  *   and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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18  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
19  * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
20  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
21  * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
22  * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
23  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
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26  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
27  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
28  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
29  *
30  * *****************************************************************************
31  *
32  * Definitions for bc's VM.
33  *
34  */
35 
36 #ifndef BC_VM_H
37 #define BC_VM_H
38 
39 #include <assert.h>
40 #include <stddef.h>
41 #include <limits.h>
42 
43 #include <signal.h>
44 
45 #if BC_ENABLE_NLS
46 
47 #ifdef _WIN32
48 #error NLS is not supported on Windows.
49 #endif // _WIN32
50 
51 #include <nl_types.h>
52 
53 #endif // BC_ENABLE_NLS
54 
55 #include <version.h>
56 #include <status.h>
57 #include <num.h>
58 #include <lex.h>
59 #include <parse.h>
60 #include <program.h>
61 #include <history.h>
62 #include <bc.h>
63 
64 // We don't want to include this file for the library because it's unused.
65 #if !BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
66 #include <file.h>
67 #endif // !BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
68 
69 // This should be obvious. If neither calculator is enabled, barf.
70 #if !BC_ENABLED && !DC_ENABLED
71 #error Must define BC_ENABLED, DC_ENABLED, or both
72 #endif
73 
74 // CHAR_BIT must be at least 6, for various reasons. I might want to bump this
75 // to 8 in the future.
76 #if CHAR_BIT < 6
77 #error CHAR_BIT must be at least 6.
78 #endif
79 
80 // Set defaults.
81 //
82 #ifndef BC_ENABLE_NLS
83 #define BC_ENABLE_NLS (0)
84 #endif // BC_ENABLE_NLS
85 
86 #ifndef MAINEXEC
87 #define MAINEXEC bc
88 #endif // MAINEXEC
89 
90 #ifndef _WIN32
91 #ifndef EXECPREFIX
92 #define EXECPREFIX
93 #endif // EXECPREFIX
94 #else // _WIN32
95 #undef EXECPREFIX
96 #endif // _WIN32
97 
98 /**
99  * Generate a string from text.
100  * @parm V  The text to generate a string for.
101  */
102 #define GEN_STR(V) #V
103 
104 /**
105  * Help generate a string from text. The preprocessor requires this two-step
106  * process. Trust me.
107  * @parm V  The text to generate a string for.
108  */
109 #define GEN_STR2(V) GEN_STR(V)
110 
111 /// The version as a string. VERSION must be defined previously, usually by the
112 /// build system.
113 #define BC_VERSION GEN_STR2(VERSION)
114 
115 /// The main executable name as a string. MAINEXEC must be defined previously,
116 /// usually by the build system.
117 #define BC_MAINEXEC GEN_STR2(MAINEXEC)
118 
119 /// The build type as a string. BUILD_TYPE must be defined previously, usually
120 /// by the build system.
121 #define BC_BUILD_TYPE GEN_STR2(BUILD_TYPE)
122 
123 // We only allow an empty executable prefix on Windows.
124 #ifndef _WIN32
125 #define BC_EXECPREFIX GEN_STR2(EXECPREFIX)
126 #else // _WIN32
127 #define BC_EXECPREFIX ""
128 #endif // _WIN32
129 
130 #if !BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
131 
132 #if DC_ENABLED
133 
134 /// The flag for the extended register option.
135 #define DC_FLAG_X (UINTMAX_C(1)<<0)
136 
137 #endif // DC_ENABLED
138 
139 #if BC_ENABLED
140 
141 /// The flag for the POSIX warning option.
142 #define BC_FLAG_W (UINTMAX_C(1)<<1)
143 
144 /// The flag for the POSIX error option.
145 #define BC_FLAG_S (UINTMAX_C(1)<<2)
146 
147 /// The flag for the math library option.
148 #define BC_FLAG_L (UINTMAX_C(1)<<3)
149 
150 /// The flag for the global stacks option.
151 #define BC_FLAG_G (UINTMAX_C(1)<<4)
152 
153 #endif // BC_ENABLED
154 
155 /// The flag for quiet, though this one is reversed; the option clears the flag.
156 #define BC_FLAG_Q (UINTMAX_C(1)<<5)
157 
158 /// The flag for interactive.
159 #define BC_FLAG_I (UINTMAX_C(1)<<6)
160 
161 /// The flag for prompt. This is also reversed; the option clears the flag.
162 #define BC_FLAG_P (UINTMAX_C(1)<<7)
163 
164 /// The flag for read prompt. This is also reversed; the option clears the flag.
165 #define BC_FLAG_R (UINTMAX_C(1)<<8)
166 
167 /// The flag for a leading zero.
168 #define BC_FLAG_Z (UINTMAX_C(1)<<9)
169 
170 /// The flag for stdin being a TTY.
171 #define BC_FLAG_TTYIN (UINTMAX_C(1)<<10)
172 
173 /// The flag for TTY mode.
174 #define BC_FLAG_TTY (UINTMAX_C(1)<<11)
175 
176 /// The flag for reset on SIGINT.
177 #define BC_FLAG_SIGINT (UINTMAX_C(1)<<12)
178 
179 /// The flag for exiting with expressions.
180 #define BC_FLAG_EXPR_EXIT (UINTMAX_C(1)<<13)
181 
182 /// A convenience macro for getting the TTYIN flag.
183 #define BC_TTYIN (vm.flags & BC_FLAG_TTYIN)
184 
185 /// A convenience macro for getting the TTY flag.
186 #define BC_TTY (vm.flags & BC_FLAG_TTY)
187 
188 /// A convenience macro for getting the SIGINT flag.
189 #define BC_SIGINT (vm.flags & BC_FLAG_SIGINT)
190 
191 #if BC_ENABLED
192 
193 /// A convenience macro for getting the POSIX error flag.
194 #define BC_S (vm.flags & BC_FLAG_S)
195 
196 /// A convenience macro for getting the POSIX warning flag.
197 #define BC_W (vm.flags & BC_FLAG_W)
198 
199 /// A convenience macro for getting the math library flag.
200 #define BC_L (vm.flags & BC_FLAG_L)
201 
202 /// A convenience macro for getting the global stacks flag.
203 #define BC_G (vm.flags & BC_FLAG_G)
204 
205 #endif // BC_ENABLED
206 
207 #if DC_ENABLED
208 
209 /// A convenience macro for getting the extended register flag.
210 #define DC_X (vm.flags & DC_FLAG_X)
211 
212 #endif // DC_ENABLED
213 
214 /// A convenience macro for getting the interactive flag.
215 #define BC_I (vm.flags & BC_FLAG_I)
216 
217 /// A convenience macro for getting the prompt flag.
218 #define BC_P (vm.flags & BC_FLAG_P)
219 
220 /// A convenience macro for getting the read prompt flag.
221 #define BC_R (vm.flags & BC_FLAG_R)
222 
223 /// A convenience macro for getting the leading zero flag.
224 #define BC_Z (vm.flags & BC_FLAG_Z)
225 
226 /// A convenience macro for getting the expression exit flag.
227 #define BC_EXPR_EXIT (vm.flags & BC_FLAG_EXPR_EXIT)
228 
229 #if BC_ENABLED
230 
231 /// A convenience macro for checking if bc is in POSIX mode.
232 #define BC_IS_POSIX (BC_S || BC_W)
233 
234 #if DC_ENABLED
235 
236 /// Returns true if bc is running.
237 #define BC_IS_BC (vm.name[0] != 'd')
238 
239 /// Returns true if dc is running.
240 #define BC_IS_DC (vm.name[0] == 'd')
241 
242 #else // DC_ENABLED
243 
244 /// Returns true if bc is running.
245 #define BC_IS_BC (1)
246 
247 /// Returns true if dc is running.
248 #define BC_IS_DC (0)
249 
250 #endif // DC_ENABLED
251 
252 #else // BC_ENABLED
253 
254 /// A convenience macro for checking if bc is in POSIX mode.
255 #define BC_IS_POSIX (0)
256 
257 /// Returns true if bc is running.
258 #define BC_IS_BC (0)
259 
260 /// Returns true if dc is running.
261 #define BC_IS_DC (1)
262 
263 #endif // BC_ENABLED
264 
265 /// A convenience macro for checking if the prompt is enabled.
266 #define BC_PROMPT (BC_P)
267 
268 #else // !BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
269 
270 #define BC_Z (vm.leading_zeroes)
271 
272 #endif // !BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
273 
274 /**
275  * Returns the max of its two arguments. This evaluates arguments twice, so be
276  * careful what args you give it.
277  * @param a  The first argument.
278  * @param b  The second argument.
279  * @return   The max of the two arguments.
280  */
281 #define BC_MAX(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
282 
283 /**
284  * Returns the min of its two arguments. This evaluates arguments twice, so be
285  * careful what args you give it.
286  * @param a  The first argument.
287  * @param b  The second argument.
288  * @return   The min of the two arguments.
289  */
290 #define BC_MIN(a, b) ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
291 
292 /// Returns the max obase that is allowed.
293 #define BC_MAX_OBASE ((BcBigDig) (BC_BASE_POW))
294 
295 /// Returns the max array size that is allowed.
296 #define BC_MAX_DIM ((BcBigDig) (SIZE_MAX - 1))
297 
298 /// Returns the max scale that is allowed.
299 #define BC_MAX_SCALE ((BcBigDig) (BC_NUM_BIGDIG_MAX - 1))
300 
301 /// Returns the max string length that is allowed.
302 #define BC_MAX_STRING ((BcBigDig) (BC_NUM_BIGDIG_MAX - 1))
303 
304 /// Returns the max identifier length that is allowed.
305 #define BC_MAX_NAME BC_MAX_STRING
306 
307 /// Returns the max number size that is allowed.
308 #define BC_MAX_NUM BC_MAX_SCALE
309 
310 #if BC_ENABLE_EXTRA_MATH
311 
312 /// Returns the max random integer that can be returned.
313 #define BC_MAX_RAND ((BcBigDig) (((BcRand) 0) - 1))
314 
315 #endif // BC_ENABLE_EXTRA_MATH
316 
317 /// Returns the max exponent that is allowed.
318 #define BC_MAX_EXP ((ulong) (BC_NUM_BIGDIG_MAX))
319 
320 /// Returns the max number of variables that is allowed.
321 #define BC_MAX_VARS ((ulong) (SIZE_MAX - 1))
322 
323 /// The size of the global buffer.
324 #define BC_VM_BUF_SIZE (1<<12)
325 
326 /// The amount of the global buffer allocated to stdout.
327 #define BC_VM_STDOUT_BUF_SIZE (1<<11)
328 
329 /// The amount of the global buffer allocated to stderr.
330 #define BC_VM_STDERR_BUF_SIZE (1<<10)
331 
332 /// The amount of the global buffer allocated to stdin.
333 #define BC_VM_STDIN_BUF_SIZE (BC_VM_STDERR_BUF_SIZE - 1)
334 
335 /// The max number of temporary BcNums that can be kept.
336 #define BC_VM_MAX_TEMPS (1 << 9)
337 
338 /// The capacity of the one BcNum, which is a constant.
339 #define BC_VM_ONE_CAP (1)
340 
341 /**
342  * Returns true if a BcResult is safe for garbage collection.
343  * @param r  The BcResult to test.
344  * @return   True if @a r is safe to garbage collect.
345  */
346 #define BC_VM_SAFE_RESULT(r) ((r)->t >= BC_RESULT_TEMP)
347 
348 /// The invalid locale catalog return value.
349 #define BC_VM_INVALID_CATALOG ((nl_catd) -1)
350 
351 /**
352  * Returns true if the *unsigned* multiplication overflows.
353  * @param a  The first operand.
354  * @param b  The second operand.
355  * @param r  The product.
356  * @return   True if the multiplication of @a a and @a b overflows.
357  */
358 #define BC_VM_MUL_OVERFLOW(a, b, r) \
359 	((r) >= SIZE_MAX || ((a) != 0 && (r) / (a) != (b)))
360 
361 /// The global vm struct. This holds all of the global data besides the file
362 /// buffers.
363 typedef struct BcVm {
364 
365 	/// The current status. This is volatile sig_atomic_t because it is also
366 	/// used in the signal handler. See the development manual
367 	/// (manuals/development.md#async-signal-safe-signal-handling) for more
368 	/// information.
369 	volatile sig_atomic_t status;
370 
371 	/// Non-zero if a jump series is in progress and items should be popped off
372 	/// the jmp_bufs vector. This is volatile sig_atomic_t because it is also
373 	/// used in the signal handler. See the development manual
374 	/// (manuals/development.md#async-signal-safe-signal-handling) for more
375 	/// information.
376 	volatile sig_atomic_t sig_pop;
377 
378 #if !BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
379 
380 	/// The parser.
381 	BcParse prs;
382 
383 	/// The program.
384 	BcProgram prog;
385 
386 	/// A buffer for lines for stdin.
387 	BcVec line_buf;
388 
389 	/// A buffer to hold a series of lines from stdin. Sometimes, multiple lines
390 	/// are necessary for parsing, such as a comment that spans multiple lines.
391 	BcVec buffer;
392 
393 	/// A parser to parse read expressions.
394 	BcParse read_prs;
395 
396 	/// A buffer for read expressions.
397 	BcVec read_buf;
398 
399 #endif // !BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
400 
401 	/// A vector of jmp_bufs for doing a jump series. This allows exception-type
402 	/// error handling, while allowing me to do cleanup on the way.
403 	BcVec jmp_bufs;
404 
405 	/// The number of temps in the temps array.
406 	size_t temps_len;
407 
408 #if BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
409 
410 	/// The vector of contexts for the library.
411 	BcVec ctxts;
412 
413 	/// The vector for creating strings to pass to the client.
414 	BcVec out;
415 
416 	/// The PRNG.
417 	BcRNG rng;
418 
419 	/// The current error.
420 	BclError err;
421 
422 	/// Whether or not bcl should abort on fatal errors.
423 	bool abrt;
424 
425 	/// Whether or not to print leading zeros.
426 	bool leading_zeroes;
427 
428 	/// The number of "references," or times that the library was initialized.
429 	unsigned int refs;
430 
431 	/// Non-zero if bcl is running. This is volatile sig_atomic_t because it is
432 	/// also used in the signal handler. See the development manual
433 	/// (manuals/development.md#async-signal-safe-signal-handling) for more
434 	/// information.
435 	volatile sig_atomic_t running;
436 
437 #endif // BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
438 
439 #if !BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
440 
441 	/// A pointer to the filename of the current file. This is not owned by the
442 	/// BcVm struct.
443 	const char* file;
444 
445 	/// The message printed when SIGINT happens.
446 	const char *sigmsg;
447 
448 #endif // !BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
449 
450 	/// Non-zero when signals are "locked." This is volatile sig_atomic_t
451 	/// because it is also used in the signal handler. See the development
452 	/// manual (manuals/development.md#async-signal-safe-signal-handling) for
453 	/// more information.
454 	volatile sig_atomic_t sig_lock;
455 
456 	/// Non-zero when a signal has been received, but not acted on. This is
457 	/// volatile sig_atomic_t because it is also used in the signal handler. See
458 	/// the development manual
459 	/// (manuals/development.md#async-signal-safe-signal-handling) for more
460 	/// information.
461 	volatile sig_atomic_t sig;
462 
463 #if !BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
464 
465 	/// The length of sigmsg.
466 	uchar siglen;
467 
468 	/// The instruction used for returning from a read() call.
469 	uchar read_ret;
470 
471 	/// The flags field used by most macros above.
472 	uint16_t flags;
473 
474 	/// The number of characters printed in the current line. This is used
475 	/// because bc has a limit of the number of characters it can print per
476 	/// line.
477 	uint16_t nchars;
478 
479 	/// The length of the line we can print. The user can set this if they wish.
480 	uint16_t line_len;
481 
482 	/// True if bc should error if expressions are encountered during option
483 	/// parsing, false otherwise.
484 	bool no_exprs;
485 
486 	/// True if bc should exit if expresions are encountered.
487 	bool exit_exprs;
488 
489 	/// True if EOF was encountered.
490 	bool eof;
491 
492 	/// True if bc is currently reading from stdin.
493 	bool is_stdin;
494 
495 #if BC_ENABLED
496 
497 	/// True if keywords should not be redefined. This is only true for the
498 	/// builtin math libraries for bc.
499 	bool no_redefine;
500 
501 #endif // BC_ENABLED
502 
503 #endif // !BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
504 
505 	/// An array of maxes for the globals.
506 	BcBigDig maxes[BC_PROG_GLOBALS_LEN + BC_ENABLE_EXTRA_MATH];
507 
508 #if !BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
509 
510 	/// A vector of filenames to process.
511 	BcVec files;
512 
513 	/// A vector of expressions to process.
514 	BcVec exprs;
515 
516 	/// The name of the calculator under use. This is used by BC_IS_BC and
517 	/// BC_IS_DC.
518 	const char *name;
519 
520 	/// The help text for the calculator.
521 	const char *help;
522 
523 #if BC_ENABLE_HISTORY
524 
525 	/// The history data.
526 	BcHistory history;
527 
528 #endif // BC_ENABLE_HISTORY
529 
530 	/// The function to call to get the next lex token.
531 	BcLexNext next;
532 
533 	/// The function to call to parse.
534 	BcParseParse parse;
535 
536 	/// The function to call to parse expressions.
537 	BcParseExpr expr;
538 
539 	/// The text to display to label functions in error messages.
540 	const char *func_header;
541 
542 	/// The names of the categories of errors.
543 	const char *err_ids[BC_ERR_IDX_NELEMS + BC_ENABLED];
544 
545 	/// The messages for each error.
546 	const char *err_msgs[BC_ERR_NELEMS];
547 
548 	/// The locale.
549 	const char *locale;
550 
551 #endif // !BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
552 
553 	/// The last base used to parse.
554 	BcBigDig last_base;
555 
556 	/// The last power of last_base used to parse.
557 	BcBigDig last_pow;
558 
559 	/// The last exponent of base that equals last_pow.
560 	BcBigDig last_exp;
561 
562 	/// BC_BASE_POW - last_pow.
563 	BcBigDig last_rem;
564 
565 #if !BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
566 
567 	/// A buffer of environment arguments. This is the actual value of the
568 	/// environment variable.
569 	char *env_args_buffer;
570 
571 	/// A vector for environment arguments after parsing.
572 	BcVec env_args;
573 
574 	/// A BcNum set to constant 0.
575 	BcNum zero;
576 
577 #endif // !BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
578 
579 	/// A BcNum set to constant 1.
580 	BcNum one;
581 
582 	/// A BcNum holding the max number held by a BcBigDig plus 1.
583 	BcNum max;
584 
585 	/// A BcNum holding the max number held by a BcBigDig times 2 plus 1.
586 	BcNum max2;
587 
588 	/// The BcDig array for max.
589 	BcDig max_num[BC_NUM_BIGDIG_LOG10];
590 
591 	/// The BcDig array for max2.
592 	BcDig max2_num[BC_NUM_BIGDIG_LOG10];
593 
594 	// The BcDig array for the one BcNum.
595 	BcDig one_num[BC_VM_ONE_CAP];
596 
597 #if !BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
598 
599 	// The BcDig array for the zero BcNum.
600 	BcDig zero_num[BC_VM_ONE_CAP];
601 
602 	/// The stdout file.
603 	BcFile fout;
604 
605 	/// The stderr file.
606 	BcFile ferr;
607 
608 #if BC_ENABLE_NLS
609 
610 	/// The locale catalog.
611 	nl_catd catalog;
612 
613 #endif // BC_ENABLE_NLS
614 
615 	/// A pointer to the stdin buffer.
616 	char *buf;
617 
618 	/// The number of items in the input buffer.
619 	size_t buf_len;
620 
621 	/// The slab for constants in the main function. This is separate for
622 	/// garbage collection reasons.
623 	BcVec main_const_slab;
624 
625 	//// The slab for all other strings for the main function.
626 	BcVec main_slabs;
627 
628 	/// The slab for function names, strings in other functions, and constants
629 	/// in other functions.
630 	BcVec other_slabs;
631 
632 #if BC_ENABLED
633 
634 	/// An array of booleans for which bc keywords have been redefined if
635 	/// BC_REDEFINE_KEYWORDS is non-zero.
636 	bool redefined_kws[BC_LEX_NKWS];
637 
638 #endif // BC_ENABLED
639 #endif // !BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
640 
641 #if BC_DEBUG_CODE
642 
643 	/// The depth for BC_FUNC_ENTER and BC_FUNC_EXIT.
644 	size_t func_depth;
645 
646 #endif // BC_DEBUG_CODE
647 
648 } BcVm;
649 
650 /**
651  * Print the copyright banner and help if it's non-NULL.
652  * @param help  The help message to print if it's non-NULL.
653  */
654 void bc_vm_info(const char* const help);
655 
656 /**
657  * The entrance point for bc/dc together.
658  * @param argc  The count of arguments.
659  * @param argv  The argument array.
660  */
661 void bc_vm_boot(int argc, char *argv[]);
662 
663 /**
664  * Initializes some of the BcVm global. This is separate to make things easier
665  * on the library code.
666  */
667 void bc_vm_init(void);
668 
669 /**
670  * Frees the BcVm global.
671  */
672 void bc_vm_shutdown(void);
673 
674 /**
675  * Add a temp to the temp array.
676  * @param num  The BcDig array to add to the temp array.
677  */
678 void bc_vm_addTemp(BcDig *num);
679 
680 /**
681  * Dish out a temp, or NULL if there are none.
682  * @return  A temp, or NULL if none exist.
683  */
684 BcDig* bc_vm_takeTemp(void);
685 
686 /**
687  * Frees all temporaries.
688  */
689 void bc_vm_freeTemps(void);
690 
691 #if !BC_ENABLE_HISTORY
692 
693 /**
694  * Erases the flush argument if history does not exist because it does not
695  * matter if history does not exist.
696  */
697 #define bc_vm_putchar(c, t) bc_vm_putchar(c)
698 
699 #endif // !BC_ENABLE_HISTORY
700 
701 /**
702  * Print to stdout with limited formating.
703  * @param fmt  The format string.
704  */
705 void bc_vm_printf(const char *fmt, ...);
706 
707 /**
708  * Puts a char into the stdout buffer.
709  * @param c     The character to put on the stdout buffer.
710  * @param type  The flush type.
711  */
712 void bc_vm_putchar(int c, BcFlushType type);
713 
714 /**
715  * Multiplies @a n and @a size and throws an allocation error if overflow
716  * occurs.
717  * @param n     The number of elements.
718  * @param size  The size of each element.
719  * @return      The product of @a n and @a size.
720  */
721 size_t bc_vm_arraySize(size_t n, size_t size);
722 
723 /**
724  * Adds @a a and @a b and throws an error if overflow occurs.
725  * @param a  The first operand.
726  * @param b  The second operand.
727  * @return   The sum of @a a and @a b.
728  */
729 size_t bc_vm_growSize(size_t a, size_t b);
730 
731 /**
732  * Allocate @a n bytes and throw an allocation error if allocation fails.
733  * @param n  The bytes to allocate.
734  * @return   A pointer to the allocated memory.
735  */
736 void* bc_vm_malloc(size_t n);
737 
738 /**
739  * Reallocate @a ptr to be @a n bytes and throw an allocation error if
740  * reallocation fails.
741  * @param ptr  The pointer to a memory allocation to reallocate.
742  * @param n    The bytes to allocate.
743  * @return     A pointer to the reallocated memory.
744  */
745 void* bc_vm_realloc(void *ptr, size_t n);
746 
747 /**
748  * Allocates space for, and duplicates, @a str.
749  * @param str  The string to allocate.
750  * @return     The allocated string.
751  */
752 char* bc_vm_strdup(const char *str);
753 
754 /**
755  * Reads a line into BcVm's buffer field.
756  * @param clear  True if the buffer should be cleared first, false otherwise.
757  * @return       True if a line was read, false otherwise.
758  */
759 bool bc_vm_readLine(bool clear);
760 
761 /**
762  * A convenience and portability function for OpenBSD's pledge().
763  * @param promises      The promises to pledge().
764  * @param execpromises  The exec promises to pledge().
765  */
766 void bc_pledge(const char *promises, const char *execpromises);
767 
768 /**
769  * Returns the value of an environment variable.
770  * @param var  The environment variable.
771  * @return     The value of the environment variable.
772  */
773 char* bc_vm_getenv(const char* var);
774 
775 /**
776  * Frees an environment variable value.
777  * @param val  The value to free.
778  */
779 void bc_vm_getenvFree(char* val);
780 
781 #if BC_DEBUG_CODE
782 
783 /**
784  * Start executing a jump series.
785  * @param f  The name of the function that started the jump series.
786  */
787 void bc_vm_jmp(const char *f);
788 #else // BC_DEBUG_CODE
789 
790 /**
791  * Start executing a jump series.
792  */
793 void bc_vm_jmp(void);
794 
795 #endif // BC_DEBUG_CODE
796 
797 #if BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
798 
799 /**
800  * Handle an error. This is the true error handler. It will start a jump series
801  * if an error occurred. POSIX errors will not cause jumps when warnings are on
802  * or no POSIX errors are enabled.
803  * @param e  The error.
804  */
805 void bc_vm_handleError(BcErr e);
806 
807 /**
808  * Handle a fatal error.
809  * @param e  The error.
810  */
811 void bc_vm_fatalError(BcErr e);
812 
813 /**
814  * A function to call at exit.
815  */
816 void bc_vm_atexit(void);
817 
818 #else // BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
819 
820 /**
821  * Handle an error. This is the true error handler. It will start a jump series
822  * if an error occurred. POSIX errors will not cause jumps when warnings are on
823  * or no POSIX errors are enabled.
824  * @param e     The error.
825  * @param line  The source line where the error occurred.
826  */
827 void bc_vm_handleError(BcErr e, size_t line, ...);
828 
829 /**
830  * Handle a fatal error.
831  * @param e  The error.
832  */
833 #if !BC_ENABLE_MEMCHECK
834 BC_NORETURN
835 #endif // !BC_ENABLE_MEMCHECK
836 void bc_vm_fatalError(BcErr e);
837 
838 /**
839  * A function to call at exit.
840  * @param status  The exit status.
841  */
842 int bc_vm_atexit(int status);
843 #endif // BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
844 
845 /// A reference to the copyright header.
846 extern const char bc_copyright[];
847 
848 /// A reference to the format string for source code line printing.
849 extern const char* const bc_err_line;
850 
851 /// A reference to the format string for source code function printing.
852 extern const char* const bc_err_func_header;
853 
854 /// A reference to the array of default error category names.
855 extern const char *bc_errs[];
856 
857 /// A reference to the array of error category indices for each error.
858 extern const uchar bc_err_ids[];
859 
860 /// A reference to the array of default error messages.
861 extern const char* const bc_err_msgs[];
862 
863 /// A reference to the pledge() promises at start.
864 extern const char bc_pledge_start[];
865 
866 #if BC_ENABLE_HISTORY
867 
868 /// A reference to the end pledge() promises when using history.
869 extern const char bc_pledge_end_history[];
870 
871 #endif // BC_ENABLE_HISTORY
872 
873 /// A reference to the end pledge() promises when *not* using history.
874 extern const char bc_pledge_end[];
875 
876 /// A reference to the global data.
877 extern BcVm vm;
878 
879 /// A reference to the global output buffers.
880 extern char output_bufs[BC_VM_BUF_SIZE];
881 
882 #endif // BC_VM_H
883