xref: /freebsd/contrib/bc/include/vm.h (revision 7259ca31048e5ced8e7f90657a3d7084aeafdf51)
1 /*
2  * *****************************************************************************
3  *
4  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
5  *
6  * Copyright (c) 2018-2021 Gavin D. Howard and contributors.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
10  *
11  * * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
12  *   list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  *
14  * * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
15  *   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
16  *   and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
17  *
18  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
19  * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
20  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
21  * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
22  * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
23  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
24  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
25  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
26  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
27  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
28  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
29  *
30  * *****************************************************************************
31  *
32  * Definitions for bc's VM.
33  *
34  */
35 
36 #ifndef BC_VM_H
37 #define BC_VM_H
38 
39 #include <assert.h>
40 #include <stddef.h>
41 #include <limits.h>
42 
43 #include <signal.h>
44 
45 #if BC_ENABLE_NLS
46 
47 #ifdef _WIN32
48 #error NLS is not supported on Windows.
49 #endif // _WIN32
50 
51 #include <nl_types.h>
52 
53 #endif // BC_ENABLE_NLS
54 
55 #include <version.h>
56 #include <status.h>
57 #include <num.h>
58 #include <lex.h>
59 #include <parse.h>
60 #include <program.h>
61 #include <history.h>
62 #include <bc.h>
63 
64 // We don't want to include this file for the library because it's unused.
65 #if !BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
66 #include <file.h>
67 #endif // !BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
68 
69 // This should be obvious. If neither calculator is enabled, barf.
70 #if !BC_ENABLED && !DC_ENABLED
71 #error Must define BC_ENABLED, DC_ENABLED, or both
72 #endif
73 
74 // CHAR_BIT must be at least 6, for various reasons. I might want to bump this
75 // to 8 in the future.
76 #if CHAR_BIT < 6
77 #error CHAR_BIT must be at least 6.
78 #endif
79 
80 // Set defaults.
81 //
82 #ifndef BC_ENABLE_NLS
83 #define BC_ENABLE_NLS (0)
84 #endif // BC_ENABLE_NLS
85 
86 #ifndef MAINEXEC
87 #define MAINEXEC bc
88 #endif // MAINEXEC
89 
90 #ifndef _WIN32
91 #ifndef EXECPREFIX
92 #define EXECPREFIX
93 #endif // EXECPREFIX
94 #else // _WIN32
95 #undef EXECPREFIX
96 #endif // _WIN32
97 
98 /**
99  * Generate a string from text.
100  * @parm V  The text to generate a string for.
101  */
102 #define GEN_STR(V) #V
103 
104 /**
105  * Help generate a string from text. The preprocessor requires this two-step
106  * process. Trust me.
107  * @parm V  The text to generate a string for.
108  */
109 #define GEN_STR2(V) GEN_STR(V)
110 
111 /// The version as a string. VERSION must be defined previously, usually by the
112 /// build system.
113 #define BC_VERSION GEN_STR2(VERSION)
114 
115 /// The main executable name as a string. MAINEXEC must be defined previously,
116 /// usually by the build system.
117 #define BC_MAINEXEC GEN_STR2(MAINEXEC)
118 
119 /// The build type as a string. BUILD_TYPE must be defined previously, usually
120 /// by the build system.
121 #define BC_BUILD_TYPE GEN_STR2(BUILD_TYPE)
122 
123 // We only allow an empty executable prefix on Windows.
124 #ifndef _WIN32
125 #define BC_EXECPREFIX GEN_STR2(EXECPREFIX)
126 #else // _WIN32
127 #define BC_EXECPREFIX ""
128 #endif // _WIN32
129 
130 #if !BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
131 
132 #if DC_ENABLED
133 
134 /// The flag for the extended register option.
135 #define DC_FLAG_X (UINTMAX_C(1)<<0)
136 
137 #endif // DC_ENABLED
138 
139 #if BC_ENABLED
140 
141 /// The flag for the POSIX warning option.
142 #define BC_FLAG_W (UINTMAX_C(1)<<1)
143 
144 /// The flag for the POSIX error option.
145 #define BC_FLAG_S (UINTMAX_C(1)<<2)
146 
147 /// The flag for the math library option.
148 #define BC_FLAG_L (UINTMAX_C(1)<<3)
149 
150 /// The flag for the global stacks option.
151 #define BC_FLAG_G (UINTMAX_C(1)<<4)
152 
153 #endif // BC_ENABLED
154 
155 /// The flag for quiet, though this one is reversed; the option clears the flag.
156 #define BC_FLAG_Q (UINTMAX_C(1)<<5)
157 
158 /// The flag for interactive.
159 #define BC_FLAG_I (UINTMAX_C(1)<<6)
160 
161 /// The flag for prompt. This is also reversed; the option clears the flag.
162 #define BC_FLAG_P (UINTMAX_C(1)<<7)
163 
164 /// The flag for read prompt. This is also reversed; the option clears the flag.
165 #define BC_FLAG_R (UINTMAX_C(1)<<8)
166 
167 /// The flag for a leading zero.
168 #define BC_FLAG_Z (UINTMAX_C(1)<<9)
169 
170 /// The flag for stdin being a TTY.
171 #define BC_FLAG_TTYIN (UINTMAX_C(1)<<10)
172 
173 /// The flag for TTY mode.
174 #define BC_FLAG_TTY (UINTMAX_C(1)<<11)
175 
176 /// The flag for reset on SIGINT.
177 #define BC_FLAG_SIGINT (UINTMAX_C(1)<<12)
178 
179 /// A convenience macro for getting the TTYIN flag.
180 #define BC_TTYIN (vm.flags & BC_FLAG_TTYIN)
181 
182 /// A convenience macro for getting the TTY flag.
183 #define BC_TTY (vm.flags & BC_FLAG_TTY)
184 
185 /// A convenience macro for getting the SIGINT flag.
186 #define BC_SIGINT (vm.flags & BC_FLAG_SIGINT)
187 
188 #if BC_ENABLED
189 
190 /// A convenience macro for getting the POSIX error flag.
191 #define BC_S (vm.flags & BC_FLAG_S)
192 
193 /// A convenience macro for getting the POSIX warning flag.
194 #define BC_W (vm.flags & BC_FLAG_W)
195 
196 /// A convenience macro for getting the math library flag.
197 #define BC_L (vm.flags & BC_FLAG_L)
198 
199 /// A convenience macro for getting the global stacks flag.
200 #define BC_G (vm.flags & BC_FLAG_G)
201 
202 #endif // BC_ENABLED
203 
204 #if DC_ENABLED
205 
206 /// A convenience macro for getting the extended register flag.
207 #define DC_X (vm.flags & DC_FLAG_X)
208 
209 #endif // DC_ENABLED
210 
211 /// A convenience macro for getting the interactive flag.
212 #define BC_I (vm.flags & BC_FLAG_I)
213 
214 /// A convenience macro for getting the prompt flag.
215 #define BC_P (vm.flags & BC_FLAG_P)
216 
217 /// A convenience macro for getting the read prompt flag.
218 #define BC_R (vm.flags & BC_FLAG_R)
219 
220 /// A convenience macro for getting the leading zero flag.
221 #define BC_Z (vm.flags & BC_FLAG_Z)
222 
223 #if BC_ENABLED
224 
225 /// A convenience macro for checking if bc is in POSIX mode.
226 #define BC_IS_POSIX (BC_S || BC_W)
227 
228 #if DC_ENABLED
229 
230 /// Returns true if bc is running.
231 #define BC_IS_BC (vm.name[0] != 'd')
232 
233 /// Returns true if dc is running.
234 #define BC_IS_DC (vm.name[0] == 'd')
235 
236 #else // DC_ENABLED
237 
238 /// Returns true if bc is running.
239 #define BC_IS_BC (1)
240 
241 /// Returns true if dc is running.
242 #define BC_IS_DC (0)
243 
244 #endif // DC_ENABLED
245 
246 #else // BC_ENABLED
247 
248 /// A convenience macro for checking if bc is in POSIX mode.
249 #define BC_IS_POSIX (0)
250 
251 /// Returns true if bc is running.
252 #define BC_IS_BC (0)
253 
254 /// Returns true if dc is running.
255 #define BC_IS_DC (1)
256 
257 #endif // BC_ENABLED
258 
259 /// A convenience macro for checking if the prompt is enabled.
260 #define BC_PROMPT (BC_P)
261 
262 #else // !BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
263 
264 #define BC_Z (vm.leading_zeroes)
265 
266 #endif // !BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
267 
268 /**
269  * Returns the max of its two arguments. This evaluates arguments twice, so be
270  * careful what args you give it.
271  * @param a  The first argument.
272  * @param b  The second argument.
273  * @return   The max of the two arguments.
274  */
275 #define BC_MAX(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
276 
277 /**
278  * Returns the min of its two arguments. This evaluates arguments twice, so be
279  * careful what args you give it.
280  * @param a  The first argument.
281  * @param b  The second argument.
282  * @return   The min of the two arguments.
283  */
284 #define BC_MIN(a, b) ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
285 
286 /// Returns the max obase that is allowed.
287 #define BC_MAX_OBASE ((BcBigDig) (BC_BASE_POW))
288 
289 /// Returns the max array size that is allowed.
290 #define BC_MAX_DIM ((BcBigDig) (SIZE_MAX - 1))
291 
292 /// Returns the max scale that is allowed.
293 #define BC_MAX_SCALE ((BcBigDig) (BC_NUM_BIGDIG_MAX - 1))
294 
295 /// Returns the max string length that is allowed.
296 #define BC_MAX_STRING ((BcBigDig) (BC_NUM_BIGDIG_MAX - 1))
297 
298 /// Returns the max identifier length that is allowed.
299 #define BC_MAX_NAME BC_MAX_STRING
300 
301 /// Returns the max number size that is allowed.
302 #define BC_MAX_NUM BC_MAX_SCALE
303 
304 #if BC_ENABLE_EXTRA_MATH
305 
306 /// Returns the max random integer that can be returned.
307 #define BC_MAX_RAND ((BcBigDig) (((BcRand) 0) - 1))
308 
309 #endif // BC_ENABLE_EXTRA_MATH
310 
311 /// Returns the max exponent that is allowed.
312 #define BC_MAX_EXP ((ulong) (BC_NUM_BIGDIG_MAX))
313 
314 /// Returns the max number of variables that is allowed.
315 #define BC_MAX_VARS ((ulong) (SIZE_MAX - 1))
316 
317 /// The size of the global buffer.
318 #define BC_VM_BUF_SIZE (1<<12)
319 
320 /// The amount of the global buffer allocated to stdout.
321 #define BC_VM_STDOUT_BUF_SIZE (1<<11)
322 
323 /// The amount of the global buffer allocated to stderr.
324 #define BC_VM_STDERR_BUF_SIZE (1<<10)
325 
326 /// The amount of the global buffer allocated to stdin.
327 #define BC_VM_STDIN_BUF_SIZE (BC_VM_STDERR_BUF_SIZE - 1)
328 
329 /// The max number of temporary BcNums that can be kept.
330 #define BC_VM_MAX_TEMPS (1 << 9)
331 
332 /// The capacity of the one BcNum, which is a constant.
333 #define BC_VM_ONE_CAP (1)
334 
335 /**
336  * Returns true if a BcResult is safe for garbage collection.
337  * @param r  The BcResult to test.
338  * @return   True if @a r is safe to garbage collect.
339  */
340 #define BC_VM_SAFE_RESULT(r) ((r)->t >= BC_RESULT_TEMP)
341 
342 /// The invalid locale catalog return value.
343 #define BC_VM_INVALID_CATALOG ((nl_catd) -1)
344 
345 /**
346  * Returns true if the *unsigned* multiplication overflows.
347  * @param a  The first operand.
348  * @param b  The second operand.
349  * @param r  The product.
350  * @return   True if the multiplication of @a a and @a b overflows.
351  */
352 #define BC_VM_MUL_OVERFLOW(a, b, r) \
353 	((r) >= SIZE_MAX || ((a) != 0 && (r) / (a) != (b)))
354 
355 /// The global vm struct. This holds all of the global data besides the file
356 /// buffers.
357 typedef struct BcVm {
358 
359 	/// The current status. This is volatile sig_atomic_t because it is also
360 	/// used in the signal handler. See the development manual
361 	/// (manuals/development.md#async-signal-safe-signal-handling) for more
362 	/// information.
363 	volatile sig_atomic_t status;
364 
365 	/// Non-zero if a jump series is in progress and items should be popped off
366 	/// the jmp_bufs vector. This is volatile sig_atomic_t because it is also
367 	/// used in the signal handler. See the development manual
368 	/// (manuals/development.md#async-signal-safe-signal-handling) for more
369 	/// information.
370 	volatile sig_atomic_t sig_pop;
371 
372 #if !BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
373 
374 	/// The parser.
375 	BcParse prs;
376 
377 	/// The program.
378 	BcProgram prog;
379 
380 	/// A buffer for lines for stdin.
381 	BcVec line_buf;
382 
383 	/// A buffer to hold a series of lines from stdin. Sometimes, multiple lines
384 	/// are necessary for parsing, such as a comment that spans multiple lines.
385 	BcVec buffer;
386 
387 	/// A parser to parse read expressions.
388 	BcParse read_prs;
389 
390 	/// A buffer for read expressions.
391 	BcVec read_buf;
392 
393 #endif // !BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
394 
395 	/// A vector of jmp_bufs for doing a jump series. This allows exception-type
396 	/// error handling, while allowing me to do cleanup on the way.
397 	BcVec jmp_bufs;
398 
399 	/// The number of temps in the temps array.
400 	size_t temps_len;
401 
402 #if BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
403 
404 	/// The vector of contexts for the library.
405 	BcVec ctxts;
406 
407 	/// The vector for creating strings to pass to the client.
408 	BcVec out;
409 
410 	/// The PRNG.
411 	BcRNG rng;
412 
413 	/// The current error.
414 	BclError err;
415 
416 	/// Whether or not bcl should abort on fatal errors.
417 	bool abrt;
418 
419 	/// Whether or not to print leading zeros.
420 	bool leading_zeroes;
421 
422 	/// The number of "references," or times that the library was initialized.
423 	unsigned int refs;
424 
425 	/// Non-zero if bcl is running. This is volatile sig_atomic_t because it is
426 	/// also used in the signal handler. See the development manual
427 	/// (manuals/development.md#async-signal-safe-signal-handling) for more
428 	/// information.
429 	volatile sig_atomic_t running;
430 
431 #endif // BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
432 
433 #if !BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
434 
435 	/// A pointer to the filename of the current file. This is not owned by the
436 	/// BcVm struct.
437 	const char* file;
438 
439 	/// The message printed when SIGINT happens.
440 	const char *sigmsg;
441 
442 #endif // !BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
443 
444 	/// Non-zero when signals are "locked." This is volatile sig_atomic_t
445 	/// because it is also used in the signal handler. See the development
446 	/// manual (manuals/development.md#async-signal-safe-signal-handling) for
447 	/// more information.
448 	volatile sig_atomic_t sig_lock;
449 
450 	/// Non-zero when a signal has been received, but not acted on. This is
451 	/// volatile sig_atomic_t because it is also used in the signal handler. See
452 	/// the development manual
453 	/// (manuals/development.md#async-signal-safe-signal-handling) for more
454 	/// information.
455 	volatile sig_atomic_t sig;
456 
457 #if !BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
458 
459 	/// The length of sigmsg.
460 	uchar siglen;
461 
462 	/// The instruction used for returning from a read() call.
463 	uchar read_ret;
464 
465 	/// The flags field used by most macros above.
466 	uint16_t flags;
467 
468 	/// The number of characters printed in the current line. This is used
469 	/// because bc has a limit of the number of characters it can print per
470 	/// line.
471 	uint16_t nchars;
472 
473 	/// The length of the line we can print. The user can set this if they wish.
474 	uint16_t line_len;
475 
476 	/// True if bc should error if expressions are encountered during option
477 	/// parsing, false otherwise.
478 	bool no_exprs;
479 
480 	/// True if bc should exit if expresions are encountered.
481 	bool exit_exprs;
482 
483 	/// True if EOF was encountered.
484 	bool eof;
485 
486 	/// True if bc is currently reading from stdin.
487 	bool is_stdin;
488 
489 #if BC_ENABLED
490 
491 	/// True if keywords should not be redefined. This is only true for the
492 	/// builtin math libraries for bc.
493 	bool no_redefine;
494 
495 #endif // BC_ENABLED
496 
497 #endif // !BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
498 
499 	/// An array of maxes for the globals.
500 	BcBigDig maxes[BC_PROG_GLOBALS_LEN + BC_ENABLE_EXTRA_MATH];
501 
502 #if !BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
503 
504 	/// A vector of filenames to process.
505 	BcVec files;
506 
507 	/// A vector of expressions to process.
508 	BcVec exprs;
509 
510 	/// The name of the calculator under use. This is used by BC_IS_BC and
511 	/// BC_IS_DC.
512 	const char *name;
513 
514 	/// The help text for the calculator.
515 	const char *help;
516 
517 #if BC_ENABLE_HISTORY
518 
519 	/// The history data.
520 	BcHistory history;
521 
522 #endif // BC_ENABLE_HISTORY
523 
524 	/// The function to call to get the next lex token.
525 	BcLexNext next;
526 
527 	/// The function to call to parse.
528 	BcParseParse parse;
529 
530 	/// The function to call to parse expressions.
531 	BcParseExpr expr;
532 
533 	/// The text to display to label functions in error messages.
534 	const char *func_header;
535 
536 	/// The names of the categories of errors.
537 	const char *err_ids[BC_ERR_IDX_NELEMS + BC_ENABLED];
538 
539 	/// The messages for each error.
540 	const char *err_msgs[BC_ERR_NELEMS];
541 
542 	/// The locale.
543 	const char *locale;
544 
545 #endif // !BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
546 
547 	/// The last base used to parse.
548 	BcBigDig last_base;
549 
550 	/// The last power of last_base used to parse.
551 	BcBigDig last_pow;
552 
553 	/// The last exponent of base that equals last_pow.
554 	BcBigDig last_exp;
555 
556 	/// BC_BASE_POW - last_pow.
557 	BcBigDig last_rem;
558 
559 #if !BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
560 
561 	/// A buffer of environment arguments. This is the actual value of the
562 	/// environment variable.
563 	char *env_args_buffer;
564 
565 	/// A vector for environment arguments after parsing.
566 	BcVec env_args;
567 
568 	/// A BcNum set to constant 0.
569 	BcNum zero;
570 
571 #endif // !BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
572 
573 	/// A BcNum set to constant 1.
574 	BcNum one;
575 
576 	/// A BcNum holding the max number held by a BcBigDig plus 1.
577 	BcNum max;
578 
579 	/// A BcNum holding the max number held by a BcBigDig times 2 plus 1.
580 	BcNum max2;
581 
582 	/// The BcDig array for max.
583 	BcDig max_num[BC_NUM_BIGDIG_LOG10];
584 
585 	/// The BcDig array for max2.
586 	BcDig max2_num[BC_NUM_BIGDIG_LOG10];
587 
588 	// The BcDig array for the one BcNum.
589 	BcDig one_num[BC_VM_ONE_CAP];
590 
591 #if !BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
592 
593 	// The BcDig array for the zero BcNum.
594 	BcDig zero_num[BC_VM_ONE_CAP];
595 
596 	/// The stdout file.
597 	BcFile fout;
598 
599 	/// The stderr file.
600 	BcFile ferr;
601 
602 #if BC_ENABLE_NLS
603 
604 	/// The locale catalog.
605 	nl_catd catalog;
606 
607 #endif // BC_ENABLE_NLS
608 
609 	/// A pointer to the stdin buffer.
610 	char *buf;
611 
612 	/// The number of items in the input buffer.
613 	size_t buf_len;
614 
615 	/// The slab for constants in the main function. This is separate for
616 	/// garbage collection reasons.
617 	BcVec main_const_slab;
618 
619 	//// The slab for all other strings for the main function.
620 	BcVec main_slabs;
621 
622 	/// The slab for function names, strings in other functions, and constants
623 	/// in other functions.
624 	BcVec other_slabs;
625 
626 #if BC_ENABLED
627 
628 	/// An array of booleans for which bc keywords have been redefined if
629 	/// BC_REDEFINE_KEYWORDS is non-zero.
630 	bool redefined_kws[BC_LEX_NKWS];
631 
632 #endif // BC_ENABLED
633 #endif // !BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
634 
635 #if BC_DEBUG_CODE
636 
637 	/// The depth for BC_FUNC_ENTER and BC_FUNC_EXIT.
638 	size_t func_depth;
639 
640 #endif // BC_DEBUG_CODE
641 
642 } BcVm;
643 
644 /**
645  * Print the copyright banner and help if it's non-NULL.
646  * @param help  The help message to print if it's non-NULL.
647  */
648 void bc_vm_info(const char* const help);
649 
650 /**
651  * The entrance point for bc/dc together.
652  * @param argc  The count of arguments.
653  * @param argv  The argument array.
654  */
655 void bc_vm_boot(int argc, char *argv[]);
656 
657 /**
658  * Initializes some of the BcVm global. This is separate to make things easier
659  * on the library code.
660  */
661 void bc_vm_init(void);
662 
663 /**
664  * Frees the BcVm global.
665  */
666 void bc_vm_shutdown(void);
667 
668 /**
669  * Add a temp to the temp array.
670  * @param num  The BcDig array to add to the temp array.
671  */
672 void bc_vm_addTemp(BcDig *num);
673 
674 /**
675  * Dish out a temp, or NULL if there are none.
676  * @return  A temp, or NULL if none exist.
677  */
678 BcDig* bc_vm_takeTemp(void);
679 
680 /**
681  * Frees all temporaries.
682  */
683 void bc_vm_freeTemps(void);
684 
685 #if !BC_ENABLE_HISTORY
686 
687 /**
688  * Erases the flush argument if history does not exist because it does not
689  * matter if history does not exist.
690  */
691 #define bc_vm_putchar(c, t) bc_vm_putchar(c)
692 
693 #endif // !BC_ENABLE_HISTORY
694 
695 /**
696  * Print to stdout with limited formating.
697  * @param fmt  The format string.
698  */
699 void bc_vm_printf(const char *fmt, ...);
700 
701 /**
702  * Puts a char into the stdout buffer.
703  * @param c     The character to put on the stdout buffer.
704  * @param type  The flush type.
705  */
706 void bc_vm_putchar(int c, BcFlushType type);
707 
708 /**
709  * Multiplies @a n and @a size and throws an allocation error if overflow
710  * occurs.
711  * @param n     The number of elements.
712  * @param size  The size of each element.
713  * @return      The product of @a n and @a size.
714  */
715 size_t bc_vm_arraySize(size_t n, size_t size);
716 
717 /**
718  * Adds @a a and @a b and throws an error if overflow occurs.
719  * @param a  The first operand.
720  * @param b  The second operand.
721  * @return   The sum of @a a and @a b.
722  */
723 size_t bc_vm_growSize(size_t a, size_t b);
724 
725 /**
726  * Allocate @a n bytes and throw an allocation error if allocation fails.
727  * @param n  The bytes to allocate.
728  * @return   A pointer to the allocated memory.
729  */
730 void* bc_vm_malloc(size_t n);
731 
732 /**
733  * Reallocate @a ptr to be @a n bytes and throw an allocation error if
734  * reallocation fails.
735  * @param ptr  The pointer to a memory allocation to reallocate.
736  * @param n    The bytes to allocate.
737  * @return     A pointer to the reallocated memory.
738  */
739 void* bc_vm_realloc(void *ptr, size_t n);
740 
741 /**
742  * Allocates space for, and duplicates, @a str.
743  * @param str  The string to allocate.
744  * @return     The allocated string.
745  */
746 char* bc_vm_strdup(const char *str);
747 
748 /**
749  * Reads a line into BcVm's buffer field.
750  * @param clear  True if the buffer should be cleared first, false otherwise.
751  * @return       True if a line was read, false otherwise.
752  */
753 bool bc_vm_readLine(bool clear);
754 
755 /**
756  * A convenience and portability function for OpenBSD's pledge().
757  * @param promises      The promises to pledge().
758  * @param execpromises  The exec promises to pledge().
759  */
760 void bc_pledge(const char *promises, const char *execpromises);
761 
762 /**
763  * Returns the value of an environment variable.
764  * @param var  The environment variable.
765  * @return     The value of the environment variable.
766  */
767 char* bc_vm_getenv(const char* var);
768 
769 /**
770  * Frees an environment variable value.
771  * @param val  The value to free.
772  */
773 void bc_vm_getenvFree(char* val);
774 
775 #if BC_DEBUG_CODE
776 
777 /**
778  * Start executing a jump series.
779  * @param f  The name of the function that started the jump series.
780  */
781 void bc_vm_jmp(const char *f);
782 #else // BC_DEBUG_CODE
783 
784 /**
785  * Start executing a jump series.
786  */
787 void bc_vm_jmp(void);
788 
789 #endif // BC_DEBUG_CODE
790 
791 #if BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
792 
793 /**
794  * Handle an error. This is the true error handler. It will start a jump series
795  * if an error occurred. POSIX errors will not cause jumps when warnings are on
796  * or no POSIX errors are enabled.
797  * @param e  The error.
798  */
799 void bc_vm_handleError(BcErr e);
800 
801 /**
802  * Handle a fatal error.
803  * @param e  The error.
804  */
805 void bc_vm_fatalError(BcErr e);
806 
807 /**
808  * A function to call at exit.
809  */
810 void bc_vm_atexit(void);
811 
812 #else // BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
813 
814 /**
815  * Handle an error. This is the true error handler. It will start a jump series
816  * if an error occurred. POSIX errors will not cause jumps when warnings are on
817  * or no POSIX errors are enabled.
818  * @param e     The error.
819  * @param line  The source line where the error occurred.
820  */
821 void bc_vm_handleError(BcErr e, size_t line, ...);
822 
823 /**
824  * Handle a fatal error.
825  * @param e  The error.
826  */
827 #if !BC_ENABLE_MEMCHECK
828 BC_NORETURN
829 #endif // !BC_ENABLE_MEMCHECK
830 void bc_vm_fatalError(BcErr e);
831 
832 /**
833  * A function to call at exit.
834  * @param status  The exit status.
835  */
836 int bc_vm_atexit(int status);
837 #endif // BC_ENABLE_LIBRARY
838 
839 /// A reference to the copyright header.
840 extern const char bc_copyright[];
841 
842 /// A reference to the format string for source code line printing.
843 extern const char* const bc_err_line;
844 
845 /// A reference to the format string for source code function printing.
846 extern const char* const bc_err_func_header;
847 
848 /// A reference to the array of default error category names.
849 extern const char *bc_errs[];
850 
851 /// A reference to the array of error category indices for each error.
852 extern const uchar bc_err_ids[];
853 
854 /// A reference to the array of default error messages.
855 extern const char* const bc_err_msgs[];
856 
857 /// A reference to the pledge() promises at start.
858 extern const char bc_pledge_start[];
859 
860 #if BC_ENABLE_HISTORY
861 
862 /// A reference to the end pledge() promises when using history.
863 extern const char bc_pledge_end_history[];
864 
865 #endif // BC_ENABLE_HISTORY
866 
867 /// A reference to the end pledge() promises when *not* using history.
868 extern const char bc_pledge_end[];
869 
870 /// A reference to the global data.
871 extern BcVm vm;
872 
873 /// A reference to the global output buffers.
874 extern char output_bufs[BC_VM_BUF_SIZE];
875 
876 #endif // BC_VM_H
877