xref: /freebsd/contrib/arm-optimized-routines/math/log.c (revision f3087bef11543b42e0d69b708f367097a4118d24)
131914882SAlex Richardson /*
231914882SAlex Richardson  * Double-precision log(x) function.
331914882SAlex Richardson  *
4*f3087befSAndrew Turner  * Copyright (c) 2018-2024, Arm Limited.
5072a4ba8SAndrew Turner  * SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT OR Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
631914882SAlex Richardson  */
731914882SAlex Richardson 
831914882SAlex Richardson #include <float.h>
931914882SAlex Richardson #include <math.h>
1031914882SAlex Richardson #include <stdint.h>
1131914882SAlex Richardson #include "math_config.h"
12*f3087befSAndrew Turner #include "test_defs.h"
13*f3087befSAndrew Turner #include "test_sig.h"
1431914882SAlex Richardson 
1531914882SAlex Richardson #define T __log_data.tab
1631914882SAlex Richardson #define T2 __log_data.tab2
1731914882SAlex Richardson #define B __log_data.poly1
1831914882SAlex Richardson #define A __log_data.poly
1931914882SAlex Richardson #define Ln2hi __log_data.ln2hi
2031914882SAlex Richardson #define Ln2lo __log_data.ln2lo
2131914882SAlex Richardson #define N (1 << LOG_TABLE_BITS)
2231914882SAlex Richardson #define OFF 0x3fe6000000000000
2331914882SAlex Richardson 
2431914882SAlex Richardson /* Top 16 bits of a double.  */
2531914882SAlex Richardson static inline uint32_t
top16(double x)2631914882SAlex Richardson top16 (double x)
2731914882SAlex Richardson {
2831914882SAlex Richardson   return asuint64 (x) >> 48;
2931914882SAlex Richardson }
3031914882SAlex Richardson 
3131914882SAlex Richardson double
log(double x)3231914882SAlex Richardson log (double x)
3331914882SAlex Richardson {
3431914882SAlex Richardson   /* double_t for better performance on targets with FLT_EVAL_METHOD==2.  */
3531914882SAlex Richardson   double_t w, z, r, r2, r3, y, invc, logc, kd, hi, lo;
3631914882SAlex Richardson   uint64_t ix, iz, tmp;
3731914882SAlex Richardson   uint32_t top;
3831914882SAlex Richardson   int k, i;
3931914882SAlex Richardson 
4031914882SAlex Richardson   ix = asuint64 (x);
4131914882SAlex Richardson   top = top16 (x);
4231914882SAlex Richardson 
4331914882SAlex Richardson #if LOG_POLY1_ORDER == 10 || LOG_POLY1_ORDER == 11
4431914882SAlex Richardson # define LO asuint64 (1.0 - 0x1p-5)
4531914882SAlex Richardson # define HI asuint64 (1.0 + 0x1.1p-5)
4631914882SAlex Richardson #elif LOG_POLY1_ORDER == 12
4731914882SAlex Richardson # define LO asuint64 (1.0 - 0x1p-4)
4831914882SAlex Richardson # define HI asuint64 (1.0 + 0x1.09p-4)
4931914882SAlex Richardson #endif
5031914882SAlex Richardson   if (unlikely (ix - LO < HI - LO))
5131914882SAlex Richardson     {
5231914882SAlex Richardson       /* Handle close to 1.0 inputs separately.  */
5331914882SAlex Richardson       /* Fix sign of zero with downward rounding when x==1.  */
5431914882SAlex Richardson       if (WANT_ROUNDING && unlikely (ix == asuint64 (1.0)))
5531914882SAlex Richardson 	return 0;
5631914882SAlex Richardson       r = x - 1.0;
5731914882SAlex Richardson       r2 = r * r;
5831914882SAlex Richardson       r3 = r * r2;
5931914882SAlex Richardson #if LOG_POLY1_ORDER == 10
6031914882SAlex Richardson       /* Worst-case error is around 0.516 ULP.  */
6131914882SAlex Richardson       y = r3 * (B[1] + r * B[2] + r2 * B[3]
6231914882SAlex Richardson 		+ r3 * (B[4] + r * B[5] + r2 * B[6] + r3 * (B[7] + r * B[8])));
6331914882SAlex Richardson       w = B[0] * r2; /* B[0] == -0.5.  */
6431914882SAlex Richardson       hi = r + w;
6531914882SAlex Richardson       y += r - hi + w;
6631914882SAlex Richardson       y += hi;
6731914882SAlex Richardson #elif LOG_POLY1_ORDER == 11
6831914882SAlex Richardson       /* Worst-case error is around 0.516 ULP.  */
6931914882SAlex Richardson       y = r3 * (B[1] + r * B[2]
7031914882SAlex Richardson 		+ r2 * (B[3] + r * B[4] + r2 * B[5]
7131914882SAlex Richardson 			+ r3 * (B[6] + r * B[7] + r2 * B[8] + r3 * B[9])));
7231914882SAlex Richardson       w = B[0] * r2; /* B[0] == -0.5.  */
7331914882SAlex Richardson       hi = r + w;
7431914882SAlex Richardson       y += r - hi + w;
7531914882SAlex Richardson       y += hi;
7631914882SAlex Richardson #elif LOG_POLY1_ORDER == 12
7731914882SAlex Richardson       y = r3 * (B[1] + r * B[2] + r2 * B[3]
7831914882SAlex Richardson 		+ r3 * (B[4] + r * B[5] + r2 * B[6]
7931914882SAlex Richardson 			+ r3 * (B[7] + r * B[8] + r2 * B[9] + r3 * B[10])));
8031914882SAlex Richardson # if N <= 64
8131914882SAlex Richardson       /* Worst-case error is around 0.532 ULP.  */
8231914882SAlex Richardson       w = B[0] * r2; /* B[0] == -0.5.  */
8331914882SAlex Richardson       hi = r + w;
8431914882SAlex Richardson       y += r - hi + w;
8531914882SAlex Richardson       y += hi;
8631914882SAlex Richardson # else
8731914882SAlex Richardson       /* Worst-case error is around 0.507 ULP.  */
8831914882SAlex Richardson       w = r * 0x1p27;
8931914882SAlex Richardson       double_t rhi = r + w - w;
9031914882SAlex Richardson       double_t rlo = r - rhi;
9131914882SAlex Richardson       w = rhi * rhi * B[0]; /* B[0] == -0.5.  */
9231914882SAlex Richardson       hi = r + w;
9331914882SAlex Richardson       lo = r - hi + w;
9431914882SAlex Richardson       lo += B[0] * rlo * (rhi + r);
9531914882SAlex Richardson       y += lo;
9631914882SAlex Richardson       y += hi;
9731914882SAlex Richardson # endif
9831914882SAlex Richardson #endif
9931914882SAlex Richardson       return eval_as_double (y);
10031914882SAlex Richardson     }
10131914882SAlex Richardson   if (unlikely (top - 0x0010 >= 0x7ff0 - 0x0010))
10231914882SAlex Richardson     {
10331914882SAlex Richardson       /* x < 0x1p-1022 or inf or nan.  */
10431914882SAlex Richardson       if (ix * 2 == 0)
10531914882SAlex Richardson 	return __math_divzero (1);
10631914882SAlex Richardson       if (ix == asuint64 (INFINITY)) /* log(inf) == inf.  */
10731914882SAlex Richardson 	return x;
10831914882SAlex Richardson       if ((top & 0x8000) || (top & 0x7ff0) == 0x7ff0)
10931914882SAlex Richardson 	return __math_invalid (x);
11031914882SAlex Richardson       /* x is subnormal, normalize it.  */
11131914882SAlex Richardson       ix = asuint64 (x * 0x1p52);
11231914882SAlex Richardson       ix -= 52ULL << 52;
11331914882SAlex Richardson     }
11431914882SAlex Richardson 
11531914882SAlex Richardson   /* x = 2^k z; where z is in range [OFF,2*OFF) and exact.
11631914882SAlex Richardson      The range is split into N subintervals.
11731914882SAlex Richardson      The ith subinterval contains z and c is near its center.  */
11831914882SAlex Richardson   tmp = ix - OFF;
11931914882SAlex Richardson   i = (tmp >> (52 - LOG_TABLE_BITS)) % N;
12031914882SAlex Richardson   k = (int64_t) tmp >> 52; /* arithmetic shift */
12131914882SAlex Richardson   iz = ix - (tmp & 0xfffULL << 52);
12231914882SAlex Richardson   invc = T[i].invc;
12331914882SAlex Richardson   logc = T[i].logc;
12431914882SAlex Richardson   z = asdouble (iz);
12531914882SAlex Richardson 
12631914882SAlex Richardson   /* log(x) = log1p(z/c-1) + log(c) + k*Ln2.  */
12731914882SAlex Richardson   /* r ~= z/c - 1, |r| < 1/(2*N).  */
12831914882SAlex Richardson #if HAVE_FAST_FMA
12931914882SAlex Richardson   /* rounding error: 0x1p-55/N.  */
13031914882SAlex Richardson   r = fma (z, invc, -1.0);
13131914882SAlex Richardson #else
13231914882SAlex Richardson   /* rounding error: 0x1p-55/N + 0x1p-66.  */
13331914882SAlex Richardson   r = (z - T2[i].chi - T2[i].clo) * invc;
13431914882SAlex Richardson #endif
13531914882SAlex Richardson   kd = (double_t) k;
13631914882SAlex Richardson 
13731914882SAlex Richardson   /* hi + lo = r + log(c) + k*Ln2.  */
13831914882SAlex Richardson   w = kd * Ln2hi + logc;
13931914882SAlex Richardson   hi = w + r;
14031914882SAlex Richardson   lo = w - hi + r + kd * Ln2lo;
14131914882SAlex Richardson 
14231914882SAlex Richardson   /* log(x) = lo + (log1p(r) - r) + hi.  */
14331914882SAlex Richardson   r2 = r * r; /* rounding error: 0x1p-54/N^2.  */
14431914882SAlex Richardson   /* Worst case error if |y| > 0x1p-5:
14531914882SAlex Richardson      0.5 + 4.13/N + abs-poly-error*2^57 ULP (+ 0.002 ULP without fma)
14631914882SAlex Richardson      Worst case error if |y| > 0x1p-4:
14731914882SAlex Richardson      0.5 + 2.06/N + abs-poly-error*2^56 ULP (+ 0.001 ULP without fma).  */
14831914882SAlex Richardson #if LOG_POLY_ORDER == 6
14931914882SAlex Richardson   y = lo + r2 * A[0] + r * r2 * (A[1] + r * A[2] + r2 * (A[3] + r * A[4])) + hi;
15031914882SAlex Richardson #elif LOG_POLY_ORDER == 7
15131914882SAlex Richardson   y = lo
15231914882SAlex Richardson       + r2 * (A[0] + r * A[1] + r2 * (A[2] + r * A[3])
15331914882SAlex Richardson 	      + r2 * r2 * (A[4] + r * A[5]))
15431914882SAlex Richardson       + hi;
15531914882SAlex Richardson #endif
15631914882SAlex Richardson   return eval_as_double (y);
15731914882SAlex Richardson }
15831914882SAlex Richardson #if USE_GLIBC_ABI
strong_alias(log,__log_finite)15931914882SAlex Richardson strong_alias (log, __log_finite)
16031914882SAlex Richardson hidden_alias (log, __ieee754_log)
16131914882SAlex Richardson # if LDBL_MANT_DIG == 53
16231914882SAlex Richardson long double logl (long double x) { return log (x); }
16331914882SAlex Richardson # endif
16431914882SAlex Richardson #endif
165*f3087befSAndrew Turner 
166*f3087befSAndrew Turner TEST_SIG (S, D, 1, log, 0.01, 11.1)
167*f3087befSAndrew Turner TEST_ULP (log, 0.02)
168*f3087befSAndrew Turner TEST_ULP_NONNEAREST (log, 0.5)
169*f3087befSAndrew Turner TEST_INTERVAL (log, 0, 0xffff000000000000, 10000)
170*f3087befSAndrew Turner TEST_INTERVAL (log, 0x1p-4, 0x1p4, 400000)
171*f3087befSAndrew Turner TEST_INTERVAL (log, 0, inf, 400000)
172