1*f3087befSAndrew Turner /*
2*f3087befSAndrew Turner * Double-precision inverse error function (AdvSIMD variant).
3*f3087befSAndrew Turner *
4*f3087befSAndrew Turner * Copyright (c) 2023-2024, Arm Limited.
5*f3087befSAndrew Turner * SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT OR Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6*f3087befSAndrew Turner */
7*f3087befSAndrew Turner #include "v_math.h"
8*f3087befSAndrew Turner #include "test_defs.h"
9*f3087befSAndrew Turner #include "mathlib.h"
10*f3087befSAndrew Turner #include "math_config.h"
11*f3087befSAndrew Turner #include "test_sig.h"
12*f3087befSAndrew Turner #include "v_poly_f64.h"
13*f3087befSAndrew Turner #define V_LOG_INLINE_POLY_ORDER 4
14*f3087befSAndrew Turner #include "v_log_inline.h"
15*f3087befSAndrew Turner
16*f3087befSAndrew Turner const static struct data
17*f3087befSAndrew Turner {
18*f3087befSAndrew Turner /* We use P_N and Q_N to refer to arrays of coefficients, where P_N is the
19*f3087befSAndrew Turner coeffs of the numerator in table N of Blair et al, and Q_N is the coeffs
20*f3087befSAndrew Turner of the denominator. P is interleaved P_17 and P_37, similar for Q. P17
21*f3087befSAndrew Turner and Q17 are provided as homogenous vectors as well for when the shortcut
22*f3087befSAndrew Turner can be taken. */
23*f3087befSAndrew Turner double P[8][2], Q[7][2];
24*f3087befSAndrew Turner float64x2_t tailshift;
25*f3087befSAndrew Turner uint8_t idx[16];
26*f3087befSAndrew Turner struct v_log_inline_data log_tbl;
27*f3087befSAndrew Turner float64x2_t P_57[9], Q_57[10], P_17[7], Q_17[6];
28*f3087befSAndrew Turner } data = { .P = { { 0x1.007ce8f01b2e8p+4, -0x1.f3596123109edp-7 },
29*f3087befSAndrew Turner { -0x1.6b23cc5c6c6d7p+6, 0x1.60b8fe375999ep-2 },
30*f3087befSAndrew Turner { 0x1.74e5f6ceb3548p+7, -0x1.779bb9bef7c0fp+1 },
31*f3087befSAndrew Turner { -0x1.5200bb15cc6bbp+7, 0x1.786ea384470a2p+3 },
32*f3087befSAndrew Turner { 0x1.05d193233a849p+6, -0x1.6a7c1453c85d3p+4 },
33*f3087befSAndrew Turner { -0x1.148c5474ee5e1p+3, 0x1.31f0fc5613142p+4 },
34*f3087befSAndrew Turner { 0x1.689181bbafd0cp-3, -0x1.5ea6c007d4dbbp+2 },
35*f3087befSAndrew Turner { 0, 0x1.e66f265ce9e5p-3 } },
36*f3087befSAndrew Turner .Q = { { 0x1.d8fb0f913bd7bp+3, -0x1.636b2dcf4edbep-7 },
37*f3087befSAndrew Turner { -0x1.6d7f25a3f1c24p+6, 0x1.0b5411e2acf29p-2 },
38*f3087befSAndrew Turner { 0x1.a450d8e7f4cbbp+7, -0x1.3413109467a0bp+1 },
39*f3087befSAndrew Turner { -0x1.bc3480485857p+7, 0x1.563e8136c554ap+3 },
40*f3087befSAndrew Turner { 0x1.ae6b0c504ee02p+6, -0x1.7b77aab1dcafbp+4 },
41*f3087befSAndrew Turner { -0x1.499dfec1a7f5fp+4, 0x1.8a3e174e05ddcp+4 },
42*f3087befSAndrew Turner { 0x1p+0, -0x1.4075c56404eecp+3 } },
43*f3087befSAndrew Turner .P_57 = { V2 (0x1.b874f9516f7f1p-14), V2 (0x1.5921f2916c1c4p-7),
44*f3087befSAndrew Turner V2 (0x1.145ae7d5b8fa4p-2), V2 (0x1.29d6dcc3b2fb7p+1),
45*f3087befSAndrew Turner V2 (0x1.cabe2209a7985p+2), V2 (0x1.11859f0745c4p+3),
46*f3087befSAndrew Turner V2 (0x1.b7ec7bc6a2ce5p+2), V2 (0x1.d0419e0bb42aep+1),
47*f3087befSAndrew Turner V2 (0x1.c5aa03eef7258p-1) },
48*f3087befSAndrew Turner .Q_57 = { V2 (0x1.b8747e12691f1p-14), V2 (0x1.59240d8ed1e0ap-7),
49*f3087befSAndrew Turner V2 (0x1.14aef2b181e2p-2), V2 (0x1.2cd181bcea52p+1),
50*f3087befSAndrew Turner V2 (0x1.e6e63e0b7aa4cp+2), V2 (0x1.65cf8da94aa3ap+3),
51*f3087befSAndrew Turner V2 (0x1.7e5c787b10a36p+3), V2 (0x1.0626d68b6cea3p+3),
52*f3087befSAndrew Turner V2 (0x1.065c5f193abf6p+2), V2 (0x1p+0) },
53*f3087befSAndrew Turner .P_17 = { V2 (0x1.007ce8f01b2e8p+4), V2 (-0x1.6b23cc5c6c6d7p+6),
54*f3087befSAndrew Turner V2 (0x1.74e5f6ceb3548p+7), V2 (-0x1.5200bb15cc6bbp+7),
55*f3087befSAndrew Turner V2 (0x1.05d193233a849p+6), V2 (-0x1.148c5474ee5e1p+3),
56*f3087befSAndrew Turner V2 (0x1.689181bbafd0cp-3) },
57*f3087befSAndrew Turner .Q_17 = { V2 (0x1.d8fb0f913bd7bp+3), V2 (-0x1.6d7f25a3f1c24p+6),
58*f3087befSAndrew Turner V2 (0x1.a450d8e7f4cbbp+7), V2 (-0x1.bc3480485857p+7),
59*f3087befSAndrew Turner V2 (0x1.ae6b0c504ee02p+6), V2 (-0x1.499dfec1a7f5fp+4) },
60*f3087befSAndrew Turner .tailshift = V2 (-0.87890625),
61*f3087befSAndrew Turner .idx = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 },
62*f3087befSAndrew Turner .log_tbl = V_LOG_CONSTANTS };
63*f3087befSAndrew Turner
64*f3087befSAndrew Turner static inline float64x2_t
special(float64x2_t x,const struct data * d)65*f3087befSAndrew Turner special (float64x2_t x, const struct data *d)
66*f3087befSAndrew Turner {
67*f3087befSAndrew Turner /* Note erfinv(inf) should return NaN, and erfinv(1) should return Inf.
68*f3087befSAndrew Turner By using log here, instead of log1p, we return finite values for both
69*f3087befSAndrew Turner these inputs, and values outside [-1, 1]. This is non-compliant, but is an
70*f3087befSAndrew Turner acceptable optimisation at Ofast. To get correct behaviour for all finite
71*f3087befSAndrew Turner values use the log1p_inline helper on -abs(x) - note that erfinv(inf)
72*f3087befSAndrew Turner will still be finite. */
73*f3087befSAndrew Turner float64x2_t t = vnegq_f64 (
74*f3087befSAndrew Turner v_log_inline (vsubq_f64 (v_f64 (1), vabsq_f64 (x)), &d->log_tbl));
75*f3087befSAndrew Turner t = vdivq_f64 (v_f64 (1), vsqrtq_f64 (t));
76*f3087befSAndrew Turner float64x2_t ts = vbslq_f64 (v_u64 (0x7fffffffffffffff), t, x);
77*f3087befSAndrew Turner return vdivq_f64 (v_horner_8_f64 (t, d->P_57),
78*f3087befSAndrew Turner vmulq_f64 (ts, v_horner_9_f64 (t, d->Q_57)));
79*f3087befSAndrew Turner }
80*f3087befSAndrew Turner
81*f3087befSAndrew Turner static inline float64x2_t
lookup(const double * c,uint8x16_t idx)82*f3087befSAndrew Turner lookup (const double *c, uint8x16_t idx)
83*f3087befSAndrew Turner {
84*f3087befSAndrew Turner float64x2_t x = vld1q_f64 (c);
85*f3087befSAndrew Turner return vreinterpretq_f64_u8 (vqtbl1q_u8 (vreinterpretq_u8_f64 (x), idx));
86*f3087befSAndrew Turner }
87*f3087befSAndrew Turner
88*f3087befSAndrew Turner static inline float64x2_t VPCS_ATTR
notails(float64x2_t x,const struct data * d)89*f3087befSAndrew Turner notails (float64x2_t x, const struct data *d)
90*f3087befSAndrew Turner {
91*f3087befSAndrew Turner /* Shortcut when no input is in a tail region - no need to gather shift or
92*f3087befSAndrew Turner coefficients. */
93*f3087befSAndrew Turner float64x2_t t = vfmaq_f64 (v_f64 (-0.5625), x, x);
94*f3087befSAndrew Turner float64x2_t p = vmulq_f64 (v_horner_6_f64 (t, d->P_17), x);
95*f3087befSAndrew Turner float64x2_t q = vaddq_f64 (d->Q_17[5], t);
96*f3087befSAndrew Turner for (int i = 4; i >= 0; i--)
97*f3087befSAndrew Turner q = vfmaq_f64 (d->Q_17[i], q, t);
98*f3087befSAndrew Turner return vdivq_f64 (p, q);
99*f3087befSAndrew Turner }
100*f3087befSAndrew Turner
101*f3087befSAndrew Turner /* Vector implementation of Blair et al's rational approximation to inverse
102*f3087befSAndrew Turner error function in single-precision. Largest observed error is 24.75 ULP:
103*f3087befSAndrew Turner _ZGVnN2v_erfinv(0x1.fc861d81c2ba8p-1) got 0x1.ea05472686625p+0
104*f3087befSAndrew Turner want 0x1.ea0547268660cp+0. */
V_NAME_D1(erfinv)105*f3087befSAndrew Turner float64x2_t VPCS_ATTR V_NAME_D1 (erfinv) (float64x2_t x)
106*f3087befSAndrew Turner {
107*f3087befSAndrew Turner const struct data *d = ptr_barrier (&data);
108*f3087befSAndrew Turner /* Calculate inverse error using algorithm described in
109*f3087befSAndrew Turner J. M. Blair, C. A. Edwards, and J. H. Johnson,
110*f3087befSAndrew Turner "Rational Chebyshev approximations for the inverse of the error function",
111*f3087befSAndrew Turner Math. Comp. 30, pp. 827--830 (1976).
112*f3087befSAndrew Turner https://doi.org/10.1090/S0025-5718-1976-0421040-7.
113*f3087befSAndrew Turner
114*f3087befSAndrew Turner Algorithm has 3 intervals:
115*f3087befSAndrew Turner - 'Normal' region [-0.75, 0.75]
116*f3087befSAndrew Turner - Tail region [0.75, 0.9375] U [-0.9375, -0.75]
117*f3087befSAndrew Turner - Extreme tail [-1, -0.9375] U [0.9375, 1]
118*f3087befSAndrew Turner Normal and tail are both rational approximation of similar order on
119*f3087befSAndrew Turner shifted input - these are typically performed in parallel using gather
120*f3087befSAndrew Turner loads to obtain correct coefficients depending on interval. */
121*f3087befSAndrew Turner uint64x2_t is_tail = vcagtq_f64 (x, v_f64 (0.75));
122*f3087befSAndrew Turner
123*f3087befSAndrew Turner if (unlikely (!v_any_u64 (is_tail)))
124*f3087befSAndrew Turner /* If input is normally distributed in [-1, 1] then likelihood of this is
125*f3087befSAndrew Turner 0.75^2 ~= 0.56. */
126*f3087befSAndrew Turner return notails (x, d);
127*f3087befSAndrew Turner
128*f3087befSAndrew Turner uint64x2_t extreme_tail = vcagtq_f64 (x, v_f64 (0.9375));
129*f3087befSAndrew Turner
130*f3087befSAndrew Turner uint8x16_t off = vandq_u8 (vreinterpretq_u8_u64 (is_tail), vdupq_n_u8 (8));
131*f3087befSAndrew Turner uint8x16_t idx = vaddq_u8 (vld1q_u8 (d->idx), off);
132*f3087befSAndrew Turner
133*f3087befSAndrew Turner float64x2_t t = vbslq_f64 (is_tail, d->tailshift, v_f64 (-0.5625));
134*f3087befSAndrew Turner t = vfmaq_f64 (t, x, x);
135*f3087befSAndrew Turner
136*f3087befSAndrew Turner float64x2_t p = lookup (&d->P[7][0], idx);
137*f3087befSAndrew Turner /* Last coeff of q is either 0 or 1 - use mask instead of load. */
138*f3087befSAndrew Turner float64x2_t q = vreinterpretq_f64_u64 (
139*f3087befSAndrew Turner vandq_u64 (is_tail, vreinterpretq_u64_f64 (v_f64 (1))));
140*f3087befSAndrew Turner for (int i = 6; i >= 0; i--)
141*f3087befSAndrew Turner {
142*f3087befSAndrew Turner p = vfmaq_f64 (lookup (&d->P[i][0], idx), p, t);
143*f3087befSAndrew Turner q = vfmaq_f64 (lookup (&d->Q[i][0], idx), q, t);
144*f3087befSAndrew Turner }
145*f3087befSAndrew Turner p = vmulq_f64 (p, x);
146*f3087befSAndrew Turner
147*f3087befSAndrew Turner if (unlikely (v_any_u64 (extreme_tail)))
148*f3087befSAndrew Turner return vbslq_f64 (extreme_tail, special (x, d), vdivq_f64 (p, q));
149*f3087befSAndrew Turner
150*f3087befSAndrew Turner return vdivq_f64 (p, q);
151*f3087befSAndrew Turner }
152*f3087befSAndrew Turner
153*f3087befSAndrew Turner #if USE_MPFR
154*f3087befSAndrew Turner # warning Not generating tests for _ZGVnN2v_erfinv, as MPFR has no suitable reference
155*f3087befSAndrew Turner #else
156*f3087befSAndrew Turner TEST_SIG (V, D, 1, erfinv, -0.99, 0.99)
157*f3087befSAndrew Turner TEST_ULP (V_NAME_D1 (erfinv), 24.8)
158*f3087befSAndrew Turner TEST_DISABLE_FENV (V_NAME_D1 (erfinv))
159*f3087befSAndrew Turner TEST_SYM_INTERVAL (V_NAME_D1 (erfinv), 0, 0x1.fffffffffffffp-1, 100000)
160*f3087befSAndrew Turner TEST_SYM_INTERVAL (V_NAME_D1 (erfinv), 0, 0x1.fffffffffffffp-1, 100000)
161*f3087befSAndrew Turner TEST_SYM_INTERVAL (V_NAME_D1 (erfinv), 0, 0x1.fffffffffffffp-1, 100000)
162*f3087befSAndrew Turner /* Test with control lane in each interval. */
163*f3087befSAndrew Turner TEST_CONTROL_VALUE (V_NAME_D1 (erfinv), 0.5)
164*f3087befSAndrew Turner TEST_CONTROL_VALUE (V_NAME_D1 (erfinv), 0.8)
165*f3087befSAndrew Turner TEST_CONTROL_VALUE (V_NAME_D1 (erfinv), 0.95)
166*f3087befSAndrew Turner #endif
167