xref: /freebsd/cddl/contrib/opensolaris/lib/libdtrace/i386/dt_isadep.c (revision 2e5b60079b7d8c3ca68f1390cd90f305e651f8d3)
1 /*
2  * CDDL HEADER START
3  *
4  * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
5  * Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
6  * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
7  *
8  * You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
9  * or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
10  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions
11  * and limitations under the License.
12  *
13  * When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
14  * file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
15  * If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
16  * fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
17  * information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
18  *
19  * CDDL HEADER END
20  */
21 
22 /*
23  * Copyright 2009 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
24  * Use is subject to license terms.
25  */
26 
27 /*
28  * Copyright (c) 2012 by Delphix. All rights reserved.
29  */
30 
31 #include <stdlib.h>
32 #include <assert.h>
33 #include <errno.h>
34 #include <string.h>
35 #include <libgen.h>
36 
37 #include <dt_impl.h>
38 #include <dt_pid.h>
39 
40 #include <dis_tables.h>
41 
42 #ifndef illumos
43 #define PR_MODEL_ILP32	1
44 #define PR_MODEL_LP64	2
45 #include <libproc_compat.h>
46 #endif
47 
48 #define	DT_POPL_EBP	0x5d
49 #define	DT_RET		0xc3
50 #define	DT_RET16	0xc2
51 #define	DT_LEAVE	0xc9
52 #define	DT_JMP32	0xe9
53 #define	DT_JMP8		0xeb
54 #define	DT_REP		0xf3
55 
56 #define	DT_MOVL_EBP_ESP	0xe58b
57 
58 #define	DT_ISJ32(op16)	(((op16) & 0xfff0) == 0x0f80)
59 #define	DT_ISJ8(op8)	(((op8) & 0xf0) == 0x70)
60 
61 #define	DT_MODRM_REG(modrm)	(((modrm) >> 3) & 0x7)
62 
63 static int dt_instr_size(uchar_t *, dtrace_hdl_t *, pid_t, uintptr_t, char);
64 
65 /*ARGSUSED*/
66 int
67 dt_pid_create_entry_probe(struct ps_prochandle *P, dtrace_hdl_t *dtp,
68     fasttrap_probe_spec_t *ftp, const GElf_Sym *symp)
69 {
70 	ftp->ftps_type = DTFTP_ENTRY;
71 	ftp->ftps_pc = (uintptr_t)symp->st_value;
72 	ftp->ftps_size = (size_t)symp->st_size;
73 	ftp->ftps_noffs = 1;
74 	ftp->ftps_offs[0] = 0;
75 
76 	if (ioctl(dtp->dt_ftfd, FASTTRAPIOC_MAKEPROBE, ftp) != 0) {
77 		dt_dprintf("fasttrap probe creation ioctl failed: %s\n",
78 		    strerror(errno));
79 		return (dt_set_errno(dtp, errno));
80 	}
81 
82 	return (1);
83 }
84 
85 static int
86 dt_pid_has_jump_table(struct ps_prochandle *P, dtrace_hdl_t *dtp,
87     uint8_t *text, fasttrap_probe_spec_t *ftp, const GElf_Sym *symp)
88 {
89 	ulong_t i;
90 	int size;
91 #ifdef illumos
92 	pid_t pid = Pstatus(P)->pr_pid;
93 	char dmodel = Pstatus(P)->pr_dmodel;
94 #else
95 	pid_t pid = proc_getpid(P);
96 #if __i386__
97 	char dmodel = PR_MODEL_ILP32;
98 #elif __amd64__
99 	char dmodel = PR_MODEL_LP64;
100 #endif
101 #endif
102 
103 	/*
104 	 * Take a pass through the function looking for a register-dependant
105 	 * jmp instruction. This could be a jump table so we have to be
106 	 * ultra conservative.
107 	 */
108 	for (i = 0; i < ftp->ftps_size; i += size) {
109 		size = dt_instr_size(&text[i], dtp, pid, symp->st_value + i,
110 		    dmodel);
111 
112 		/*
113 		 * Assume the worst if we hit an illegal instruction.
114 		 */
115 		if (size <= 0) {
116 			dt_dprintf("error at %#lx (assuming jump table)\n", i);
117 			return (1);
118 		}
119 
120 #ifdef notyet
121 		/*
122 		 * Register-dependant jmp instructions start with a 0xff byte
123 		 * and have the modrm.reg field set to 4. They can have an
124 		 * optional REX prefix on the 64-bit ISA.
125 		 */
126 		if ((text[i] == 0xff && DT_MODRM_REG(text[i + 1]) == 4) ||
127 		    (dmodel == PR_MODEL_LP64 && (text[i] & 0xf0) == 0x40 &&
128 		    text[i + 1] == 0xff && DT_MODRM_REG(text[i + 2]) == 4)) {
129 			dt_dprintf("found a suspected jump table at %s:%lx\n",
130 			    ftp->ftps_func, i);
131 			return (1);
132 		}
133 #endif
134 	}
135 
136 	return (0);
137 }
138 
139 /*ARGSUSED*/
140 int
141 dt_pid_create_return_probe(struct ps_prochandle *P, dtrace_hdl_t *dtp,
142     fasttrap_probe_spec_t *ftp, const GElf_Sym *symp, uint64_t *stret)
143 {
144 	uint8_t *text;
145 	ulong_t i, end;
146 	int size;
147 #ifdef illumos
148 	pid_t pid = Pstatus(P)->pr_pid;
149 	char dmodel = Pstatus(P)->pr_dmodel;
150 #else
151 	pid_t pid = proc_getpid(P);
152 #if __i386__
153 	char dmodel = PR_MODEL_ILP32;
154 #elif __amd64__
155 	char dmodel = PR_MODEL_LP64;
156 #endif
157 #endif
158 
159 	/*
160 	 * We allocate a few extra bytes at the end so we don't have to check
161 	 * for overrunning the buffer.
162 	 */
163 	if ((text = calloc(1, symp->st_size + 4)) == NULL) {
164 		dt_dprintf("mr sparkle: malloc() failed\n");
165 		return (DT_PROC_ERR);
166 	}
167 
168 	if (Pread(P, text, symp->st_size, symp->st_value) != symp->st_size) {
169 		dt_dprintf("mr sparkle: Pread() failed\n");
170 		free(text);
171 		return (DT_PROC_ERR);
172 	}
173 
174 	ftp->ftps_type = DTFTP_RETURN;
175 	ftp->ftps_pc = (uintptr_t)symp->st_value;
176 	ftp->ftps_size = (size_t)symp->st_size;
177 	ftp->ftps_noffs = 0;
178 
179 	/*
180 	 * If there's a jump table in the function we're only willing to
181 	 * instrument these specific (and equivalent) instruction sequences:
182 	 *	leave
183 	 *	[rep] ret
184 	 * and
185 	 *	movl	%ebp,%esp
186 	 *	popl	%ebp
187 	 *	[rep] ret
188 	 *
189 	 * We do this to avoid accidentally interpreting jump table
190 	 * offsets as actual instructions.
191 	 */
192 	if (dt_pid_has_jump_table(P, dtp, text, ftp, symp)) {
193 		for (i = 0, end = ftp->ftps_size; i < end; i += size) {
194 			size = dt_instr_size(&text[i], dtp, pid,
195 			    symp->st_value + i, dmodel);
196 
197 			/* bail if we hit an invalid opcode */
198 			if (size <= 0)
199 				break;
200 
201 			if (text[i] == DT_LEAVE && text[i + 1] == DT_RET) {
202 				dt_dprintf("leave/ret at %lx\n", i + 1);
203 				ftp->ftps_offs[ftp->ftps_noffs++] = i + 1;
204 				size = 2;
205 			} else if (text[i] == DT_LEAVE &&
206 			    text[i + 1] == DT_REP && text[i + 2] == DT_RET) {
207 				dt_dprintf("leave/rep ret at %lx\n", i + 1);
208 				ftp->ftps_offs[ftp->ftps_noffs++] = i + 1;
209 				size = 3;
210 			} else if (*(uint16_t *)&text[i] == DT_MOVL_EBP_ESP &&
211 			    text[i + 2] == DT_POPL_EBP &&
212 			    text[i + 3] == DT_RET) {
213 				dt_dprintf("movl/popl/ret at %lx\n", i + 3);
214 				ftp->ftps_offs[ftp->ftps_noffs++] = i + 3;
215 				size = 4;
216 			} else if (*(uint16_t *)&text[i] == DT_MOVL_EBP_ESP &&
217 			    text[i + 2] == DT_POPL_EBP &&
218 			    text[i + 3] == DT_REP &&
219 			    text[i + 4] == DT_RET) {
220 				dt_dprintf("movl/popl/rep ret at %lx\n", i + 3);
221 				ftp->ftps_offs[ftp->ftps_noffs++] = i + 3;
222 				size = 5;
223 			}
224 		}
225 	} else {
226 		for (i = 0, end = ftp->ftps_size; i < end; i += size) {
227 			size = dt_instr_size(&text[i], dtp, pid,
228 			    symp->st_value + i, dmodel);
229 
230 			/* bail if we hit an invalid opcode */
231 			if (size <= 0)
232 				break;
233 
234 			/* ordinary ret */
235 			if (size == 1 && text[i] == DT_RET)
236 				goto is_ret;
237 
238 			/* two-byte ret */
239 			if (size == 2 && text[i] == DT_REP &&
240 			    text[i + 1] == DT_RET)
241 				goto is_ret;
242 
243 			/* ret <imm16> */
244 			if (size == 3 && text[i] == DT_RET16)
245 				goto is_ret;
246 
247 			/* two-byte ret <imm16> */
248 			if (size == 4 && text[i] == DT_REP &&
249 			    text[i + 1] == DT_RET16)
250 				goto is_ret;
251 
252 			/* 32-bit displacement jmp outside of the function */
253 			if (size == 5 && text[i] == DT_JMP32 && symp->st_size <=
254 			    (uintptr_t)(i + size + *(int32_t *)&text[i + 1]))
255 				goto is_ret;
256 
257 			/* 8-bit displacement jmp outside of the function */
258 			if (size == 2 && text[i] == DT_JMP8 && symp->st_size <=
259 			    (uintptr_t)(i + size + *(int8_t *)&text[i + 1]))
260 				goto is_ret;
261 
262 			/* 32-bit disp. conditional jmp outside of the func. */
263 			if (size == 6 && DT_ISJ32(*(uint16_t *)&text[i]) &&
264 			    symp->st_size <=
265 			    (uintptr_t)(i + size + *(int32_t *)&text[i + 2]))
266 				goto is_ret;
267 
268 			/* 8-bit disp. conditional jmp outside of the func. */
269 			if (size == 2 && DT_ISJ8(text[i]) && symp->st_size <=
270 			    (uintptr_t)(i + size + *(int8_t *)&text[i + 1]))
271 				goto is_ret;
272 
273 			continue;
274 is_ret:
275 			dt_dprintf("return at offset %lx\n", i);
276 			ftp->ftps_offs[ftp->ftps_noffs++] = i;
277 		}
278 	}
279 
280 	free(text);
281 	if (ftp->ftps_noffs > 0) {
282 		if (ioctl(dtp->dt_ftfd, FASTTRAPIOC_MAKEPROBE, ftp) != 0) {
283 			dt_dprintf("fasttrap probe creation ioctl failed: %s\n",
284 			    strerror(errno));
285 			return (dt_set_errno(dtp, errno));
286 		}
287 	}
288 
289 	return (ftp->ftps_noffs);
290 }
291 
292 /*ARGSUSED*/
293 int
294 dt_pid_create_offset_probe(struct ps_prochandle *P, dtrace_hdl_t *dtp,
295     fasttrap_probe_spec_t *ftp, const GElf_Sym *symp, ulong_t off)
296 {
297 	ftp->ftps_type = DTFTP_OFFSETS;
298 	ftp->ftps_pc = (uintptr_t)symp->st_value;
299 	ftp->ftps_size = (size_t)symp->st_size;
300 	ftp->ftps_noffs = 1;
301 
302 	if (strcmp("-", ftp->ftps_func) == 0) {
303 		ftp->ftps_offs[0] = off;
304 	} else {
305 		uint8_t *text;
306 		ulong_t i;
307 		int size;
308 #ifdef illumos
309 		pid_t pid = Pstatus(P)->pr_pid;
310 		char dmodel = Pstatus(P)->pr_dmodel;
311 #else
312 		pid_t pid = proc_getpid(P);
313 #if __i386__
314 		char dmodel = PR_MODEL_ILP32;
315 #elif __amd64__
316 		char dmodel = PR_MODEL_LP64;
317 #endif
318 #endif
319 
320 		if ((text = malloc(symp->st_size)) == NULL) {
321 			dt_dprintf("mr sparkle: malloc() failed\n");
322 			return (DT_PROC_ERR);
323 		}
324 
325 		if (Pread(P, text, symp->st_size, symp->st_value) !=
326 		    symp->st_size) {
327 			dt_dprintf("mr sparkle: Pread() failed\n");
328 			free(text);
329 			return (DT_PROC_ERR);
330 		}
331 
332 		/*
333 		 * We can't instrument offsets in functions with jump tables
334 		 * as we might interpret a jump table offset as an
335 		 * instruction.
336 		 */
337 		if (dt_pid_has_jump_table(P, dtp, text, ftp, symp)) {
338 			free(text);
339 			return (0);
340 		}
341 
342 		for (i = 0; i < symp->st_size; i += size) {
343 			if (i == off) {
344 				ftp->ftps_offs[0] = i;
345 				break;
346 			}
347 
348 			/*
349 			 * If we've passed the desired offset without a
350 			 * match, then the given offset must not lie on a
351 			 * instruction boundary.
352 			 */
353 			if (i > off) {
354 				free(text);
355 				return (DT_PROC_ALIGN);
356 			}
357 
358 			size = dt_instr_size(&text[i], dtp, pid,
359 			    symp->st_value + i, dmodel);
360 
361 			/*
362 			 * If we hit an invalid instruction, bail as if we
363 			 * couldn't find the offset.
364 			 */
365 			if (size <= 0) {
366 				free(text);
367 				return (DT_PROC_ALIGN);
368 			}
369 		}
370 
371 		free(text);
372 	}
373 
374 	if (ioctl(dtp->dt_ftfd, FASTTRAPIOC_MAKEPROBE, ftp) != 0) {
375 		dt_dprintf("fasttrap probe creation ioctl failed: %s\n",
376 		    strerror(errno));
377 		return (dt_set_errno(dtp, errno));
378 	}
379 
380 	return (ftp->ftps_noffs);
381 }
382 
383 /*ARGSUSED*/
384 int
385 dt_pid_create_glob_offset_probes(struct ps_prochandle *P, dtrace_hdl_t *dtp,
386     fasttrap_probe_spec_t *ftp, const GElf_Sym *symp, const char *pattern)
387 {
388 	uint8_t *text;
389 	int size;
390 	ulong_t i, end = symp->st_size;
391 #ifdef illumos
392 	pid_t pid = Pstatus(P)->pr_pid;
393 	char dmodel = Pstatus(P)->pr_dmodel;
394 #else
395 	pid_t pid = proc_getpid(P);
396 #if __i386__
397 	char dmodel = PR_MODEL_ILP32;
398 #elif __amd64__
399 	char dmodel = PR_MODEL_LP64;
400 #endif
401 #endif
402 
403 	ftp->ftps_type = DTFTP_OFFSETS;
404 	ftp->ftps_pc = (uintptr_t)symp->st_value;
405 	ftp->ftps_size = (size_t)symp->st_size;
406 	ftp->ftps_noffs = 0;
407 
408 	if ((text = malloc(symp->st_size)) == NULL) {
409 		dt_dprintf("mr sparkle: malloc() failed\n");
410 		return (DT_PROC_ERR);
411 	}
412 
413 	if (Pread(P, text, symp->st_size, symp->st_value) != symp->st_size) {
414 		dt_dprintf("mr sparkle: Pread() failed\n");
415 		free(text);
416 		return (DT_PROC_ERR);
417 	}
418 
419 	/*
420 	 * We can't instrument offsets in functions with jump tables as
421 	 * we might interpret a jump table offset as an instruction.
422 	 */
423 	if (dt_pid_has_jump_table(P, dtp, text, ftp, symp)) {
424 		free(text);
425 		return (0);
426 	}
427 
428 	if (strcmp("*", pattern) == 0) {
429 		for (i = 0; i < end; i += size) {
430 			ftp->ftps_offs[ftp->ftps_noffs++] = i;
431 
432 			size = dt_instr_size(&text[i], dtp, pid,
433 			    symp->st_value + i, dmodel);
434 
435 			/* bail if we hit an invalid opcode */
436 			if (size <= 0)
437 				break;
438 		}
439 	} else {
440 		char name[sizeof (i) * 2 + 1];
441 
442 		for (i = 0; i < end; i += size) {
443 			(void) snprintf(name, sizeof (name), "%lx", i);
444 			if (gmatch(name, pattern))
445 				ftp->ftps_offs[ftp->ftps_noffs++] = i;
446 
447 			size = dt_instr_size(&text[i], dtp, pid,
448 			    symp->st_value + i, dmodel);
449 
450 			/* bail if we hit an invalid opcode */
451 			if (size <= 0)
452 				break;
453 		}
454 	}
455 
456 	free(text);
457 	if (ftp->ftps_noffs > 0) {
458 		if (ioctl(dtp->dt_ftfd, FASTTRAPIOC_MAKEPROBE, ftp) != 0) {
459 			dt_dprintf("fasttrap probe creation ioctl failed: %s\n",
460 			    strerror(errno));
461 			return (dt_set_errno(dtp, errno));
462 		}
463 	}
464 
465 	return (ftp->ftps_noffs);
466 }
467 
468 typedef struct dtrace_dis {
469 	uchar_t	*instr;
470 	dtrace_hdl_t *dtp;
471 	pid_t pid;
472 	uintptr_t addr;
473 } dtrace_dis_t;
474 
475 static int
476 dt_getbyte(void *data)
477 {
478 	dtrace_dis_t	*dis = data;
479 	int ret = *dis->instr;
480 
481 	if (ret == FASTTRAP_INSTR) {
482 		fasttrap_instr_query_t instr;
483 
484 		instr.ftiq_pid = dis->pid;
485 		instr.ftiq_pc = dis->addr;
486 
487 		/*
488 		 * If we hit a byte that looks like the fasttrap provider's
489 		 * trap instruction (which doubles as the breakpoint
490 		 * instruction for debuggers) we need to query the kernel
491 		 * for the real value. This may just be part of an immediate
492 		 * value so there's no need to return an error if the
493 		 * kernel doesn't know about this address.
494 		 */
495 		if (ioctl(dis->dtp->dt_ftfd, FASTTRAPIOC_GETINSTR, &instr) == 0)
496 			ret = instr.ftiq_instr;
497 	}
498 
499 	dis->addr++;
500 	dis->instr++;
501 
502 	return (ret);
503 }
504 
505 static int
506 dt_instr_size(uchar_t *instr, dtrace_hdl_t *dtp, pid_t pid, uintptr_t addr,
507     char dmodel)
508 {
509 	dtrace_dis_t data;
510 	dis86_t x86dis;
511 	uint_t cpu_mode;
512 
513 	data.instr = instr;
514 	data.dtp = dtp;
515 	data.pid = pid;
516 	data.addr = addr;
517 
518 	x86dis.d86_data = &data;
519 	x86dis.d86_get_byte = dt_getbyte;
520 	x86dis.d86_check_func = NULL;
521 
522 	cpu_mode = (dmodel == PR_MODEL_ILP32) ? SIZE32 : SIZE64;
523 
524 	if (dtrace_disx86(&x86dis, cpu_mode) != 0)
525 		return (-1);
526 
527 	/*
528 	 * If the instruction was a single-byte breakpoint, there may be
529 	 * another debugger attached to this process. The original instruction
530 	 * can't be recovered so this must fail.
531 	 */
532 	if (x86dis.d86_len == 1 &&
533 	    (uchar_t)x86dis.d86_bytes[0] == FASTTRAP_INSTR)
534 		return (-1);
535 
536 	return (x86dis.d86_len);
537 }
538