xref: /freebsd/bin/sh/jobs.c (revision cded07a8783dedbb0634ebde78764f935f26467d)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6  * Kenneth Almquist.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
17  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18  *    without specific prior written permission.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30  * SUCH DAMAGE.
31  */
32 
33 #ifndef lint
34 #if 0
35 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)jobs.c	8.5 (Berkeley) 5/4/95";
36 #endif
37 #endif /* not lint */
38 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
39 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
40 
41 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
42 #include <sys/param.h>
43 #include <sys/resource.h>
44 #include <sys/time.h>
45 #include <sys/wait.h>
46 #include <errno.h>
47 #include <fcntl.h>
48 #include <paths.h>
49 #include <signal.h>
50 #include <stddef.h>
51 #include <stdlib.h>
52 #include <unistd.h>
53 
54 #include "shell.h"
55 #if JOBS
56 #include <termios.h>
57 #undef CEOF			/* syntax.h redefines this */
58 #endif
59 #include "redir.h"
60 #include "show.h"
61 #include "main.h"
62 #include "parser.h"
63 #include "nodes.h"
64 #include "jobs.h"
65 #include "options.h"
66 #include "trap.h"
67 #include "syntax.h"
68 #include "input.h"
69 #include "output.h"
70 #include "memalloc.h"
71 #include "error.h"
72 #include "mystring.h"
73 
74 
75 static struct job *jobtab;	/* array of jobs */
76 static int njobs;		/* size of array */
77 MKINIT pid_t backgndpid = -1;	/* pid of last background process */
78 MKINIT struct job *bgjob = NULL; /* last background process */
79 #if JOBS
80 static struct job *jobmru;	/* most recently used job list */
81 static pid_t initialpgrp;	/* pgrp of shell on invocation */
82 #endif
83 int in_waitcmd = 0;		/* are we in waitcmd()? */
84 int in_dowait = 0;		/* are we in dowait()? */
85 volatile sig_atomic_t breakwaitcmd = 0;	/* should wait be terminated? */
86 static int ttyfd = -1;
87 
88 #if JOBS
89 static void restartjob(struct job *);
90 #endif
91 static void freejob(struct job *);
92 static struct job *getjob(char *);
93 static pid_t dowait(int, struct job *);
94 static pid_t waitproc(int, int *);
95 static void checkzombies(void);
96 static void cmdtxt(union node *);
97 static void cmdputs(const char *);
98 #if JOBS
99 static void setcurjob(struct job *);
100 static void deljob(struct job *);
101 static struct job *getcurjob(struct job *);
102 #endif
103 static void showjob(struct job *, pid_t, int);
104 
105 
106 /*
107  * Turn job control on and off.
108  */
109 
110 MKINIT int jobctl;
111 
112 #if JOBS
113 void
114 setjobctl(int on)
115 {
116 	int i;
117 
118 	if (on == jobctl || rootshell == 0)
119 		return;
120 	if (on) {
121 		if (ttyfd != -1)
122 			close(ttyfd);
123 		if ((ttyfd = open(_PATH_TTY, O_RDWR)) < 0) {
124 			i = 0;
125 			while (i <= 2 && !isatty(i))
126 				i++;
127 			if (i > 2 || (ttyfd = fcntl(i, F_DUPFD, 10)) < 0)
128 				goto out;
129 		}
130 		if (ttyfd < 10) {
131 			/*
132 			 * Keep our TTY file descriptor out of the way of
133 			 * the user's redirections.
134 			 */
135 			if ((i = fcntl(ttyfd, F_DUPFD, 10)) < 0) {
136 				close(ttyfd);
137 				ttyfd = -1;
138 				goto out;
139 			}
140 			close(ttyfd);
141 			ttyfd = i;
142 		}
143 		if (fcntl(ttyfd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) < 0) {
144 			close(ttyfd);
145 			ttyfd = -1;
146 			goto out;
147 		}
148 		do { /* while we are in the background */
149 			initialpgrp = tcgetpgrp(ttyfd);
150 			if (initialpgrp < 0) {
151 out:				out2fmt_flush("sh: can't access tty; job control turned off\n");
152 				mflag = 0;
153 				return;
154 			}
155 			if (initialpgrp == -1)
156 				initialpgrp = getpgrp();
157 			else if (initialpgrp != getpgrp()) {
158 				killpg(0, SIGTTIN);
159 				continue;
160 			}
161 		} while (0);
162 		setsignal(SIGTSTP);
163 		setsignal(SIGTTOU);
164 		setsignal(SIGTTIN);
165 		setpgid(0, rootpid);
166 		tcsetpgrp(ttyfd, rootpid);
167 	} else { /* turning job control off */
168 		setpgid(0, initialpgrp);
169 		tcsetpgrp(ttyfd, initialpgrp);
170 		close(ttyfd);
171 		ttyfd = -1;
172 		setsignal(SIGTSTP);
173 		setsignal(SIGTTOU);
174 		setsignal(SIGTTIN);
175 	}
176 	jobctl = on;
177 }
178 #endif
179 
180 
181 #ifdef mkinit
182 INCLUDE <sys/types.h>
183 INCLUDE <stdlib.h>
184 
185 SHELLPROC {
186 	backgndpid = -1;
187 	bgjob = NULL;
188 #if JOBS
189 	jobctl = 0;
190 #endif
191 }
192 
193 #endif
194 
195 
196 
197 #if JOBS
198 int
199 fgcmd(int argc __unused, char **argv)
200 {
201 	struct job *jp;
202 	pid_t pgrp;
203 	int status;
204 
205 	jp = getjob(argv[1]);
206 	if (jp->jobctl == 0)
207 		error("job not created under job control");
208 	out1str(jp->ps[0].cmd);
209 	out1c('\n');
210 	flushout(&output);
211 	pgrp = jp->ps[0].pid;
212 	tcsetpgrp(ttyfd, pgrp);
213 	restartjob(jp);
214 	jp->foreground = 1;
215 	INTOFF;
216 	status = waitforjob(jp, (int *)NULL);
217 	INTON;
218 	return status;
219 }
220 
221 
222 int
223 bgcmd(int argc, char **argv)
224 {
225 	char s[64];
226 	struct job *jp;
227 
228 	do {
229 		jp = getjob(*++argv);
230 		if (jp->jobctl == 0)
231 			error("job not created under job control");
232 		if (jp->state == JOBDONE)
233 			continue;
234 		restartjob(jp);
235 		jp->foreground = 0;
236 		fmtstr(s, 64, "[%td] ", jp - jobtab + 1);
237 		out1str(s);
238 		out1str(jp->ps[0].cmd);
239 		out1c('\n');
240 	} while (--argc > 1);
241 	return 0;
242 }
243 
244 
245 static void
246 restartjob(struct job *jp)
247 {
248 	struct procstat *ps;
249 	int i;
250 
251 	if (jp->state == JOBDONE)
252 		return;
253 	setcurjob(jp);
254 	INTOFF;
255 	killpg(jp->ps[0].pid, SIGCONT);
256 	for (ps = jp->ps, i = jp->nprocs ; --i >= 0 ; ps++) {
257 		if (WIFSTOPPED(ps->status)) {
258 			ps->status = -1;
259 			jp->state = 0;
260 		}
261 	}
262 	INTON;
263 }
264 #endif
265 
266 
267 int
268 jobscmd(int argc, char *argv[])
269 {
270 	char *id;
271 	int ch, mode;
272 
273 	optind = optreset = 1;
274 	opterr = 0;
275 	mode = SHOWJOBS_DEFAULT;
276 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "lps")) != -1) {
277 		switch (ch) {
278 		case 'l':
279 			mode = SHOWJOBS_VERBOSE;
280 			break;
281 		case 'p':
282 			mode = SHOWJOBS_PGIDS;
283 			break;
284 		case 's':
285 			mode = SHOWJOBS_PIDS;
286 			break;
287 		case '?':
288 		default:
289 			error("unknown option: -%c", optopt);
290 		}
291 	}
292 	argc -= optind;
293 	argv += optind;
294 
295 	if (argc == 0)
296 		showjobs(0, mode);
297 	else
298 		while ((id = *argv++) != NULL)
299 			showjob(getjob(id), 0, mode);
300 
301 	return (0);
302 }
303 
304 static void
305 showjob(struct job *jp, pid_t pid, int mode)
306 {
307 	char s[64];
308 	struct procstat *ps;
309 	struct job *j;
310 	int col, curr, i, jobno, prev, procno;
311 	pid_t ppid;
312 	char c;
313 
314 	procno = (mode == SHOWJOBS_PGIDS) ? 1 : jp->nprocs;
315 	jobno = jp - jobtab + 1;
316 	curr = prev = 0;
317 #if JOBS
318 	if ((j = getcurjob(NULL)) != NULL) {
319 		curr = j - jobtab + 1;
320 		if ((j = getcurjob(j)) != NULL)
321 			prev = j - jobtab + 1;
322 	}
323 #endif
324 	for (ps = jp->ps ; ; ps++) {	/* for each process */
325 		if (mode == SHOWJOBS_PIDS || mode == SHOWJOBS_PGIDS) {
326 			ppid = (mode == SHOWJOBS_PIDS) ? ps->pid :
327 			    getpgid(ps->pid);
328 			out1fmt("%d\n", (int)ppid);
329 			goto skip;
330 		}
331 		if (mode != SHOWJOBS_VERBOSE && ps != jp->ps && pid == 0)
332 			goto skip;
333 		if (pid != 0 && pid != ps->pid)
334 			goto skip;
335 		if (jobno == curr && ps == jp->ps)
336 			c = '+';
337 		else if (jobno == prev && ps == jp->ps)
338 			c = '-';
339 		else
340 			c = ' ';
341 		if (ps == jp->ps)
342 			fmtstr(s, 64, "[%d] %c ", jobno, c);
343 		else
344 			fmtstr(s, 64, "    %c ", c);
345 		out1str(s);
346 		col = strlen(s);
347 		if (mode == SHOWJOBS_VERBOSE) {
348 			fmtstr(s, 64, "%d ", (int)ps->pid);
349 			out1str(s);
350 			col += strlen(s);
351 		}
352 		s[0] = '\0';
353 		if (ps != jp->ps) {
354 			*s = '\0';
355 		} else if (ps->status == -1) {
356 			strcpy(s, "Running");
357 		} else if (WIFEXITED(ps->status)) {
358 			if (WEXITSTATUS(ps->status) == 0)
359 				strcpy(s, "Done");
360 			else
361 				fmtstr(s, 64, "Done (%d)",
362 				    WEXITSTATUS(ps->status));
363 		} else {
364 #if JOBS
365 			if (WIFSTOPPED(ps->status))
366 				i = WSTOPSIG(ps->status);
367 			else
368 #endif
369 				i = WTERMSIG(ps->status);
370 			if ((i & 0x7F) < sys_nsig && sys_siglist[i & 0x7F])
371 				scopy(sys_siglist[i & 0x7F], s);
372 			else
373 				fmtstr(s, 64, "Signal %d", i & 0x7F);
374 			if (WCOREDUMP(ps->status))
375 				strcat(s, " (core dumped)");
376 		}
377 		out1str(s);
378 		col += strlen(s);
379 		do {
380 			out1c(' ');
381 			col++;
382 		} while (col < 30);
383 		out1str(ps->cmd);
384 		out1c('\n');
385 skip:		if (--procno <= 0)
386 			break;
387 	}
388 }
389 
390 /*
391  * Print a list of jobs.  If "change" is nonzero, only print jobs whose
392  * statuses have changed since the last call to showjobs.
393  *
394  * If the shell is interrupted in the process of creating a job, the
395  * result may be a job structure containing zero processes.  Such structures
396  * will be freed here.
397  */
398 
399 void
400 showjobs(int change, int mode)
401 {
402 	int jobno;
403 	struct job *jp;
404 
405 	TRACE(("showjobs(%d) called\n", change));
406 	checkzombies();
407 	for (jobno = 1, jp = jobtab ; jobno <= njobs ; jobno++, jp++) {
408 		if (! jp->used)
409 			continue;
410 		if (jp->nprocs == 0) {
411 			freejob(jp);
412 			continue;
413 		}
414 		if (change && ! jp->changed)
415 			continue;
416 		showjob(jp, 0, mode);
417 		jp->changed = 0;
418 		/* Hack: discard jobs for which $! has not been referenced
419 		 * in interactive mode when they terminate.
420 		 */
421 		if (jp->state == JOBDONE && !jp->remembered &&
422 				(iflag || jp != bgjob)) {
423 			freejob(jp);
424 		}
425 	}
426 }
427 
428 
429 /*
430  * Mark a job structure as unused.
431  */
432 
433 static void
434 freejob(struct job *jp)
435 {
436 	struct procstat *ps;
437 	int i;
438 
439 	INTOFF;
440 	if (bgjob == jp)
441 		bgjob = NULL;
442 	for (i = jp->nprocs, ps = jp->ps ; --i >= 0 ; ps++) {
443 		if (ps->cmd != nullstr)
444 			ckfree(ps->cmd);
445 	}
446 	if (jp->ps != &jp->ps0)
447 		ckfree(jp->ps);
448 	jp->used = 0;
449 #if JOBS
450 	deljob(jp);
451 #endif
452 	INTON;
453 }
454 
455 
456 
457 int
458 waitcmd(int argc, char **argv)
459 {
460 	struct job *job;
461 	int status, retval;
462 	struct job *jp;
463 
464 	if (argc > 1) {
465 		job = getjob(argv[1]);
466 	} else {
467 		job = NULL;
468 	}
469 
470 	/*
471 	 * Loop until a process is terminated or stopped, or a SIGINT is
472 	 * received.
473 	 */
474 
475 	in_waitcmd++;
476 	do {
477 		if (job != NULL) {
478 			if (job->state) {
479 				status = job->ps[job->nprocs - 1].status;
480 				if (WIFEXITED(status))
481 					retval = WEXITSTATUS(status);
482 #if JOBS
483 				else if (WIFSTOPPED(status))
484 					retval = WSTOPSIG(status) + 128;
485 #endif
486 				else
487 					retval = WTERMSIG(status) + 128;
488 				if (! iflag || ! job->changed)
489 					freejob(job);
490 				else {
491 					job->remembered = 0;
492 					if (job == bgjob)
493 						bgjob = NULL;
494 				}
495 				in_waitcmd--;
496 				return retval;
497 			}
498 		} else {
499 			for (jp = jobtab ; jp < jobtab + njobs; jp++)
500 				if (jp->used && jp->state == JOBDONE) {
501 					if (! iflag || ! jp->changed)
502 						freejob(jp);
503 					else {
504 						jp->remembered = 0;
505 						if (jp == bgjob)
506 							bgjob = NULL;
507 					}
508 				}
509 			for (jp = jobtab ; ; jp++) {
510 				if (jp >= jobtab + njobs) {	/* no running procs */
511 					in_waitcmd--;
512 					return 0;
513 				}
514 				if (jp->used && jp->state == 0)
515 					break;
516 			}
517 		}
518 	} while (dowait(1, (struct job *)NULL) != -1);
519 	in_waitcmd--;
520 
521 	return 0;
522 }
523 
524 
525 
526 int
527 jobidcmd(int argc __unused, char **argv)
528 {
529 	struct job *jp;
530 	int i;
531 
532 	jp = getjob(argv[1]);
533 	for (i = 0 ; i < jp->nprocs ; ) {
534 		out1fmt("%d", (int)jp->ps[i].pid);
535 		out1c(++i < jp->nprocs? ' ' : '\n');
536 	}
537 	return 0;
538 }
539 
540 
541 
542 /*
543  * Convert a job name to a job structure.
544  */
545 
546 static struct job *
547 getjob(char *name)
548 {
549 	int jobno;
550 	struct job *found, *jp;
551 	pid_t pid;
552 	int i;
553 
554 	if (name == NULL) {
555 #if JOBS
556 currentjob:	if ((jp = getcurjob(NULL)) == NULL)
557 			error("No current job");
558 		return (jp);
559 #else
560 		error("No current job");
561 #endif
562 	} else if (name[0] == '%') {
563 		if (is_digit(name[1])) {
564 			jobno = number(name + 1);
565 			if (jobno > 0 && jobno <= njobs
566 			 && jobtab[jobno - 1].used != 0)
567 				return &jobtab[jobno - 1];
568 #if JOBS
569 		} else if (name[1] == '%' && name[2] == '\0') {
570 			goto currentjob;
571 		} else if (name[1] == '+' && name[2] == '\0') {
572 			goto currentjob;
573 		} else if (name[1] == '-' && name[2] == '\0') {
574 			if ((jp = getcurjob(NULL)) == NULL ||
575 			    (jp = getcurjob(jp)) == NULL)
576 				error("No previous job");
577 			return (jp);
578 #endif
579 		} else if (name[1] == '?') {
580 			found = NULL;
581 			for (jp = jobtab, i = njobs ; --i >= 0 ; jp++) {
582 				if (jp->used && jp->nprocs > 0
583 				 && strstr(jp->ps[0].cmd, name + 2) != NULL) {
584 					if (found)
585 						error("%s: ambiguous", name);
586 					found = jp;
587 				}
588 			}
589 			if (found != NULL)
590 				return (found);
591 		} else {
592 			found = NULL;
593 			for (jp = jobtab, i = njobs ; --i >= 0 ; jp++) {
594 				if (jp->used && jp->nprocs > 0
595 				 && prefix(name + 1, jp->ps[0].cmd)) {
596 					if (found)
597 						error("%s: ambiguous", name);
598 					found = jp;
599 				}
600 			}
601 			if (found)
602 				return found;
603 		}
604 	} else if (is_number(name)) {
605 		pid = (pid_t)number(name);
606 		for (jp = jobtab, i = njobs ; --i >= 0 ; jp++) {
607 			if (jp->used && jp->nprocs > 0
608 			 && jp->ps[jp->nprocs - 1].pid == pid)
609 				return jp;
610 		}
611 	}
612 	error("No such job: %s", name);
613 	/*NOTREACHED*/
614 	return NULL;
615 }
616 
617 
618 
619 /*
620  * Return a new job structure,
621  */
622 
623 struct job *
624 makejob(union node *node __unused, int nprocs)
625 {
626 	int i;
627 	struct job *jp;
628 
629 	for (i = njobs, jp = jobtab ; ; jp++) {
630 		if (--i < 0) {
631 			INTOFF;
632 			if (njobs == 0) {
633 				jobtab = ckmalloc(4 * sizeof jobtab[0]);
634 #if JOBS
635 				jobmru = NULL;
636 #endif
637 			} else {
638 				jp = ckmalloc((njobs + 4) * sizeof jobtab[0]);
639 				memcpy(jp, jobtab, njobs * sizeof jp[0]);
640 #if JOBS
641 				/* Relocate `next' pointers and list head */
642 				if (jobmru != NULL)
643 					jobmru = &jp[jobmru - jobtab];
644 				for (i = 0; i < njobs; i++)
645 					if (jp[i].next != NULL)
646 						jp[i].next = &jp[jp[i].next -
647 						    jobtab];
648 #endif
649 				if (bgjob != NULL)
650 					bgjob = &jp[bgjob - jobtab];
651 				/* Relocate `ps' pointers */
652 				for (i = 0; i < njobs; i++)
653 					if (jp[i].ps == &jobtab[i].ps0)
654 						jp[i].ps = &jp[i].ps0;
655 				ckfree(jobtab);
656 				jobtab = jp;
657 			}
658 			jp = jobtab + njobs;
659 			for (i = 4 ; --i >= 0 ; jobtab[njobs++].used = 0);
660 			INTON;
661 			break;
662 		}
663 		if (jp->used == 0)
664 			break;
665 	}
666 	INTOFF;
667 	jp->state = 0;
668 	jp->used = 1;
669 	jp->changed = 0;
670 	jp->nprocs = 0;
671 	jp->foreground = 0;
672 	jp->remembered = 0;
673 #if JOBS
674 	jp->jobctl = jobctl;
675 	jp->next = NULL;
676 #endif
677 	if (nprocs > 1) {
678 		jp->ps = ckmalloc(nprocs * sizeof (struct procstat));
679 	} else {
680 		jp->ps = &jp->ps0;
681 	}
682 	INTON;
683 	TRACE(("makejob(%p, %d) returns %%%td\n", (void *)node, nprocs,
684 	    jp - jobtab + 1));
685 	return jp;
686 }
687 
688 #if JOBS
689 static void
690 setcurjob(struct job *cj)
691 {
692 	struct job *jp, *prev;
693 
694 	for (prev = NULL, jp = jobmru; jp != NULL; prev = jp, jp = jp->next) {
695 		if (jp == cj) {
696 			if (prev != NULL)
697 				prev->next = jp->next;
698 			else
699 				jobmru = jp->next;
700 			jp->next = jobmru;
701 			jobmru = cj;
702 			return;
703 		}
704 	}
705 	cj->next = jobmru;
706 	jobmru = cj;
707 }
708 
709 static void
710 deljob(struct job *j)
711 {
712 	struct job *jp, *prev;
713 
714 	for (prev = NULL, jp = jobmru; jp != NULL; prev = jp, jp = jp->next) {
715 		if (jp == j) {
716 			if (prev != NULL)
717 				prev->next = jp->next;
718 			else
719 				jobmru = jp->next;
720 			return;
721 		}
722 	}
723 }
724 
725 /*
726  * Return the most recently used job that isn't `nj', and preferably one
727  * that is stopped.
728  */
729 static struct job *
730 getcurjob(struct job *nj)
731 {
732 	struct job *jp;
733 
734 	/* Try to find a stopped one.. */
735 	for (jp = jobmru; jp != NULL; jp = jp->next)
736 		if (jp->used && jp != nj && jp->state == JOBSTOPPED)
737 			return (jp);
738 	/* Otherwise the most recently used job that isn't `nj' */
739 	for (jp = jobmru; jp != NULL; jp = jp->next)
740 		if (jp->used && jp != nj)
741 			return (jp);
742 
743 	return (NULL);
744 }
745 
746 #endif
747 
748 /*
749  * Fork of a subshell.  If we are doing job control, give the subshell its
750  * own process group.  Jp is a job structure that the job is to be added to.
751  * N is the command that will be evaluated by the child.  Both jp and n may
752  * be NULL.  The mode parameter can be one of the following:
753  *	FORK_FG - Fork off a foreground process.
754  *	FORK_BG - Fork off a background process.
755  *	FORK_NOJOB - Like FORK_FG, but don't give the process its own
756  *		     process group even if job control is on.
757  *
758  * When job control is turned off, background processes have their standard
759  * input redirected to /dev/null (except for the second and later processes
760  * in a pipeline).
761  */
762 
763 pid_t
764 forkshell(struct job *jp, union node *n, int mode)
765 {
766 	pid_t pid;
767 	pid_t pgrp;
768 
769 	TRACE(("forkshell(%%%td, %p, %d) called\n", jp - jobtab, (void *)n,
770 	    mode));
771 	INTOFF;
772 	if (mode == FORK_BG)
773 		checkzombies();
774 	flushall();
775 	pid = fork();
776 	if (pid == -1) {
777 		TRACE(("Fork failed, errno=%d\n", errno));
778 		INTON;
779 		error("Cannot fork: %s", strerror(errno));
780 	}
781 	if (pid == 0) {
782 		struct job *p;
783 		int wasroot;
784 		int i;
785 
786 		TRACE(("Child shell %d\n", (int)getpid()));
787 		wasroot = rootshell;
788 		rootshell = 0;
789 		handler = &main_handler;
790 		closescript();
791 		INTON;
792 		clear_traps();
793 #if JOBS
794 		jobctl = 0;		/* do job control only in root shell */
795 		if (wasroot && mode != FORK_NOJOB && mflag) {
796 			if (jp == NULL || jp->nprocs == 0)
797 				pgrp = getpid();
798 			else
799 				pgrp = jp->ps[0].pid;
800 			if (setpgid(0, pgrp) == 0 && mode == FORK_FG) {
801 				/*** this causes superfluous TIOCSPGRPS ***/
802 				if (tcsetpgrp(ttyfd, pgrp) < 0)
803 					error("tcsetpgrp failed, errno=%d", errno);
804 			}
805 			setsignal(SIGTSTP);
806 			setsignal(SIGTTOU);
807 		} else if (mode == FORK_BG) {
808 			ignoresig(SIGINT);
809 			ignoresig(SIGQUIT);
810 			if ((jp == NULL || jp->nprocs == 0) &&
811 			    ! fd0_redirected_p ()) {
812 				close(0);
813 				if (open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_RDONLY) != 0)
814 					error("Can't open %s: %s",
815 					    _PATH_DEVNULL, strerror(errno));
816 			}
817 		}
818 #else
819 		if (mode == FORK_BG) {
820 			ignoresig(SIGINT);
821 			ignoresig(SIGQUIT);
822 			if ((jp == NULL || jp->nprocs == 0) &&
823 			    ! fd0_redirected_p ()) {
824 				close(0);
825 				if (open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_RDONLY) != 0)
826 					error("Can't open %s: %s",
827 					    _PATH_DEVNULL, strerror(errno));
828 			}
829 		}
830 #endif
831 		INTOFF;
832 		for (i = njobs, p = jobtab ; --i >= 0 ; p++)
833 			if (p->used)
834 				freejob(p);
835 		INTON;
836 		if (wasroot && iflag) {
837 			setsignal(SIGINT);
838 			setsignal(SIGQUIT);
839 			setsignal(SIGTERM);
840 		}
841 		return pid;
842 	}
843 	if (rootshell && mode != FORK_NOJOB && mflag) {
844 		if (jp == NULL || jp->nprocs == 0)
845 			pgrp = pid;
846 		else
847 			pgrp = jp->ps[0].pid;
848 		setpgid(pid, pgrp);
849 	}
850 	if (mode == FORK_BG) {
851 		if (bgjob != NULL && bgjob->state == JOBDONE &&
852 		    !bgjob->remembered && !iflag)
853 			freejob(bgjob);
854 		backgndpid = pid;		/* set $! */
855 		bgjob = jp;
856 	}
857 	if (jp) {
858 		struct procstat *ps = &jp->ps[jp->nprocs++];
859 		ps->pid = pid;
860 		ps->status = -1;
861 		ps->cmd = nullstr;
862 		if (iflag && rootshell && n)
863 			ps->cmd = commandtext(n);
864 		jp->foreground = mode == FORK_FG;
865 #if JOBS
866 		setcurjob(jp);
867 #endif
868 	}
869 	INTON;
870 	TRACE(("In parent shell:  child = %d\n", (int)pid));
871 	return pid;
872 }
873 
874 
875 
876 /*
877  * Wait for job to finish.
878  *
879  * Under job control we have the problem that while a child process is
880  * running interrupts generated by the user are sent to the child but not
881  * to the shell.  This means that an infinite loop started by an inter-
882  * active user may be hard to kill.  With job control turned off, an
883  * interactive user may place an interactive program inside a loop.  If
884  * the interactive program catches interrupts, the user doesn't want
885  * these interrupts to also abort the loop.  The approach we take here
886  * is to have the shell ignore interrupt signals while waiting for a
887  * foreground process to terminate, and then send itself an interrupt
888  * signal if the child process was terminated by an interrupt signal.
889  * Unfortunately, some programs want to do a bit of cleanup and then
890  * exit on interrupt; unless these processes terminate themselves by
891  * sending a signal to themselves (instead of calling exit) they will
892  * confuse this approach.
893  */
894 
895 int
896 waitforjob(struct job *jp, int *origstatus)
897 {
898 #if JOBS
899 	pid_t mypgrp = getpgrp();
900 	int propagate_int = jp->jobctl && jp->foreground;
901 #endif
902 	int status;
903 	int st;
904 
905 	INTOFF;
906 	TRACE(("waitforjob(%%%td) called\n", jp - jobtab + 1));
907 	while (jp->state == 0)
908 		if (dowait(1, jp) == -1)
909 			dotrap();
910 #if JOBS
911 	if (jp->jobctl) {
912 		if (tcsetpgrp(ttyfd, mypgrp) < 0)
913 			error("tcsetpgrp failed, errno=%d\n", errno);
914 	}
915 	if (jp->state == JOBSTOPPED)
916 		setcurjob(jp);
917 #endif
918 	status = jp->ps[jp->nprocs - 1].status;
919 	if (origstatus != NULL)
920 		*origstatus = status;
921 	/* convert to 8 bits */
922 	if (WIFEXITED(status))
923 		st = WEXITSTATUS(status);
924 #if JOBS
925 	else if (WIFSTOPPED(status))
926 		st = WSTOPSIG(status) + 128;
927 #endif
928 	else
929 		st = WTERMSIG(status) + 128;
930 	if (! JOBS || jp->state == JOBDONE)
931 		freejob(jp);
932 	if (int_pending()) {
933 		if (WIFSIGNALED(status) && WTERMSIG(status) == SIGINT)
934 			kill(getpid(), SIGINT);
935 		else
936 			CLEAR_PENDING_INT;
937 	}
938 #if JOBS
939 	else if (rootshell && iflag && propagate_int &&
940 			WIFSIGNALED(status) && WTERMSIG(status) == SIGINT)
941 		kill(getpid(), SIGINT);
942 #endif
943 	INTON;
944 	return st;
945 }
946 
947 
948 
949 /*
950  * Wait for a process to terminate.
951  */
952 
953 static pid_t
954 dowait(int block, struct job *job)
955 {
956 	pid_t pid;
957 	int status;
958 	struct procstat *sp;
959 	struct job *jp;
960 	struct job *thisjob;
961 	int done;
962 	int stopped;
963 	int sig;
964 	int i;
965 
966 	in_dowait++;
967 	TRACE(("dowait(%d) called\n", block));
968 	do {
969 		pid = waitproc(block, &status);
970 		TRACE(("wait returns %d, status=%d\n", (int)pid, status));
971 	} while ((pid == -1 && errno == EINTR && breakwaitcmd == 0) ||
972 		 (pid > 0 && WIFSTOPPED(status) && !iflag));
973 	in_dowait--;
974 	if (pid == -1 && errno == ECHILD && job != NULL)
975 		job->state = JOBDONE;
976 	if (breakwaitcmd != 0) {
977 		breakwaitcmd = 0;
978 		if (pid <= 0)
979 			return -1;
980 	}
981 	if (pid <= 0)
982 		return pid;
983 	INTOFF;
984 	thisjob = NULL;
985 	for (jp = jobtab ; jp < jobtab + njobs ; jp++) {
986 		if (jp->used) {
987 			done = 1;
988 			stopped = 1;
989 			for (sp = jp->ps ; sp < jp->ps + jp->nprocs ; sp++) {
990 				if (sp->pid == -1)
991 					continue;
992 				if (sp->pid == pid) {
993 					TRACE(("Changing status of proc %d from 0x%x to 0x%x\n",
994 						   (int)pid, sp->status,
995 						   status));
996 					sp->status = status;
997 					thisjob = jp;
998 				}
999 				if (sp->status == -1)
1000 					stopped = 0;
1001 				else if (WIFSTOPPED(sp->status))
1002 					done = 0;
1003 			}
1004 			if (stopped) {		/* stopped or done */
1005 				int state = done? JOBDONE : JOBSTOPPED;
1006 				if (jp->state != state) {
1007 					TRACE(("Job %td: changing state from %d to %d\n", jp - jobtab + 1, jp->state, state));
1008 					jp->state = state;
1009 					if (jp != job) {
1010 						if (done && !jp->remembered &&
1011 						    !iflag && jp != bgjob)
1012 							freejob(jp);
1013 #if JOBS
1014 						else if (done)
1015 							deljob(jp);
1016 #endif
1017 					}
1018 				}
1019 			}
1020 		}
1021 	}
1022 	INTON;
1023 	if (! rootshell || ! iflag || (job && thisjob == job)) {
1024 #if JOBS
1025 		if (WIFSTOPPED(status))
1026 			sig = WSTOPSIG(status);
1027 		else
1028 #endif
1029 		{
1030 			if (WIFEXITED(status))
1031 				sig = 0;
1032 			else
1033 				sig = WTERMSIG(status);
1034 		}
1035 		if (sig != 0 && sig != SIGINT && sig != SIGPIPE) {
1036 			if (!mflag ||
1037 			    (thisjob->foreground && !WIFSTOPPED(status))) {
1038 				i = WTERMSIG(status);
1039 				if ((i & 0x7F) < sys_nsig && sys_siglist[i & 0x7F])
1040 					out1str(sys_siglist[i & 0x7F]);
1041 				else
1042 					out1fmt("Signal %d", i & 0x7F);
1043 				if (WCOREDUMP(status))
1044 					out1str(" (core dumped)");
1045 				out1c('\n');
1046 			} else
1047 				showjob(thisjob, pid, SHOWJOBS_DEFAULT);
1048 		}
1049 	} else {
1050 		TRACE(("Not printing status, rootshell=%d, job=%p\n", rootshell, job));
1051 		if (thisjob)
1052 			thisjob->changed = 1;
1053 	}
1054 	return pid;
1055 }
1056 
1057 
1058 
1059 /*
1060  * Do a wait system call.  If job control is compiled in, we accept
1061  * stopped processes.  If block is zero, we return a value of zero
1062  * rather than blocking.
1063  */
1064 static pid_t
1065 waitproc(int block, int *status)
1066 {
1067 	int flags;
1068 
1069 #if JOBS
1070 	flags = WUNTRACED;
1071 #else
1072 	flags = 0;
1073 #endif
1074 	if (block == 0)
1075 		flags |= WNOHANG;
1076 	return wait3(status, flags, (struct rusage *)NULL);
1077 }
1078 
1079 /*
1080  * return 1 if there are stopped jobs, otherwise 0
1081  */
1082 int job_warning = 0;
1083 int
1084 stoppedjobs(void)
1085 {
1086 	int jobno;
1087 	struct job *jp;
1088 
1089 	if (job_warning)
1090 		return (0);
1091 	for (jobno = 1, jp = jobtab; jobno <= njobs; jobno++, jp++) {
1092 		if (jp->used == 0)
1093 			continue;
1094 		if (jp->state == JOBSTOPPED) {
1095 			out2fmt_flush("You have stopped jobs.\n");
1096 			job_warning = 2;
1097 			return (1);
1098 		}
1099 	}
1100 
1101 	return (0);
1102 }
1103 
1104 
1105 static void
1106 checkzombies(void)
1107 {
1108 	while (njobs > 0 && dowait(0, NULL) > 0)
1109 		;
1110 }
1111 
1112 
1113 int
1114 backgndpidset(void)
1115 {
1116 	return backgndpid != -1;
1117 }
1118 
1119 
1120 pid_t
1121 backgndpidval(void)
1122 {
1123 	if (bgjob != NULL)
1124 		bgjob->remembered = 1;
1125 	return backgndpid;
1126 }
1127 
1128 /*
1129  * Return a string identifying a command (to be printed by the
1130  * jobs command.
1131  */
1132 
1133 static char *cmdnextc;
1134 static int cmdnleft;
1135 #define MAXCMDTEXT	200
1136 
1137 char *
1138 commandtext(union node *n)
1139 {
1140 	char *name;
1141 
1142 	cmdnextc = name = ckmalloc(MAXCMDTEXT);
1143 	cmdnleft = MAXCMDTEXT - 4;
1144 	cmdtxt(n);
1145 	*cmdnextc = '\0';
1146 	return name;
1147 }
1148 
1149 
1150 static void
1151 cmdtxt(union node *n)
1152 {
1153 	union node *np;
1154 	struct nodelist *lp;
1155 	const char *p;
1156 	int i;
1157 	char s[2];
1158 
1159 	if (n == NULL)
1160 		return;
1161 	switch (n->type) {
1162 	case NSEMI:
1163 		cmdtxt(n->nbinary.ch1);
1164 		cmdputs("; ");
1165 		cmdtxt(n->nbinary.ch2);
1166 		break;
1167 	case NAND:
1168 		cmdtxt(n->nbinary.ch1);
1169 		cmdputs(" && ");
1170 		cmdtxt(n->nbinary.ch2);
1171 		break;
1172 	case NOR:
1173 		cmdtxt(n->nbinary.ch1);
1174 		cmdputs(" || ");
1175 		cmdtxt(n->nbinary.ch2);
1176 		break;
1177 	case NPIPE:
1178 		for (lp = n->npipe.cmdlist ; lp ; lp = lp->next) {
1179 			cmdtxt(lp->n);
1180 			if (lp->next)
1181 				cmdputs(" | ");
1182 		}
1183 		break;
1184 	case NSUBSHELL:
1185 		cmdputs("(");
1186 		cmdtxt(n->nredir.n);
1187 		cmdputs(")");
1188 		break;
1189 	case NREDIR:
1190 	case NBACKGND:
1191 		cmdtxt(n->nredir.n);
1192 		break;
1193 	case NIF:
1194 		cmdputs("if ");
1195 		cmdtxt(n->nif.test);
1196 		cmdputs("; then ");
1197 		cmdtxt(n->nif.ifpart);
1198 		cmdputs("...");
1199 		break;
1200 	case NWHILE:
1201 		cmdputs("while ");
1202 		goto until;
1203 	case NUNTIL:
1204 		cmdputs("until ");
1205 until:
1206 		cmdtxt(n->nbinary.ch1);
1207 		cmdputs("; do ");
1208 		cmdtxt(n->nbinary.ch2);
1209 		cmdputs("; done");
1210 		break;
1211 	case NFOR:
1212 		cmdputs("for ");
1213 		cmdputs(n->nfor.var);
1214 		cmdputs(" in ...");
1215 		break;
1216 	case NCASE:
1217 		cmdputs("case ");
1218 		cmdputs(n->ncase.expr->narg.text);
1219 		cmdputs(" in ...");
1220 		break;
1221 	case NDEFUN:
1222 		cmdputs(n->narg.text);
1223 		cmdputs("() ...");
1224 		break;
1225 	case NCMD:
1226 		for (np = n->ncmd.args ; np ; np = np->narg.next) {
1227 			cmdtxt(np);
1228 			if (np->narg.next)
1229 				cmdputs(" ");
1230 		}
1231 		for (np = n->ncmd.redirect ; np ; np = np->nfile.next) {
1232 			cmdputs(" ");
1233 			cmdtxt(np);
1234 		}
1235 		break;
1236 	case NARG:
1237 		cmdputs(n->narg.text);
1238 		break;
1239 	case NTO:
1240 		p = ">";  i = 1;  goto redir;
1241 	case NAPPEND:
1242 		p = ">>";  i = 1;  goto redir;
1243 	case NTOFD:
1244 		p = ">&";  i = 1;  goto redir;
1245 	case NCLOBBER:
1246 		p = ">|"; i = 1; goto redir;
1247 	case NFROM:
1248 		p = "<";  i = 0;  goto redir;
1249 	case NFROMTO:
1250 		p = "<>";  i = 0;  goto redir;
1251 	case NFROMFD:
1252 		p = "<&";  i = 0;  goto redir;
1253 redir:
1254 		if (n->nfile.fd != i) {
1255 			s[0] = n->nfile.fd + '0';
1256 			s[1] = '\0';
1257 			cmdputs(s);
1258 		}
1259 		cmdputs(p);
1260 		if (n->type == NTOFD || n->type == NFROMFD) {
1261 			if (n->ndup.dupfd >= 0)
1262 				s[0] = n->ndup.dupfd + '0';
1263 			else
1264 				s[0] = '-';
1265 			s[1] = '\0';
1266 			cmdputs(s);
1267 		} else {
1268 			cmdtxt(n->nfile.fname);
1269 		}
1270 		break;
1271 	case NHERE:
1272 	case NXHERE:
1273 		cmdputs("<<...");
1274 		break;
1275 	default:
1276 		cmdputs("???");
1277 		break;
1278 	}
1279 }
1280 
1281 
1282 
1283 static void
1284 cmdputs(const char *s)
1285 {
1286 	const char *p;
1287 	char *q;
1288 	char c;
1289 	int subtype = 0;
1290 
1291 	if (cmdnleft <= 0)
1292 		return;
1293 	p = s;
1294 	q = cmdnextc;
1295 	while ((c = *p++) != '\0') {
1296 		if (c == CTLESC)
1297 			*q++ = *p++;
1298 		else if (c == CTLVAR) {
1299 			*q++ = '$';
1300 			if (--cmdnleft > 0)
1301 				*q++ = '{';
1302 			subtype = *p++;
1303 		} else if (c == '=' && subtype != 0) {
1304 			*q++ = "}-+?="[(subtype & VSTYPE) - VSNORMAL];
1305 			subtype = 0;
1306 		} else if (c == CTLENDVAR) {
1307 			*q++ = '}';
1308 		} else if (c == CTLBACKQ || c == CTLBACKQ+CTLQUOTE)
1309 			cmdnleft++;		/* ignore it */
1310 		else
1311 			*q++ = c;
1312 		if (--cmdnleft <= 0) {
1313 			*q++ = '.';
1314 			*q++ = '.';
1315 			*q++ = '.';
1316 			break;
1317 		}
1318 	}
1319 	cmdnextc = q;
1320 }
1321