xref: /freebsd/bin/sh/jobs.c (revision 086165ecb55d212e36dd3e8e7f42d463c590b121)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6  * Kenneth Almquist.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
17  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18  *    without specific prior written permission.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30  * SUCH DAMAGE.
31  */
32 
33 #ifndef lint
34 #if 0
35 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)jobs.c	8.5 (Berkeley) 5/4/95";
36 #endif
37 #endif /* not lint */
38 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
39 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
40 
41 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
42 #include <sys/param.h>
43 #include <sys/resource.h>
44 #include <sys/time.h>
45 #include <sys/wait.h>
46 #include <errno.h>
47 #include <fcntl.h>
48 #include <paths.h>
49 #include <signal.h>
50 #include <stddef.h>
51 #include <stdlib.h>
52 #include <unistd.h>
53 
54 #include "shell.h"
55 #if JOBS
56 #include <termios.h>
57 #undef CEOF			/* syntax.h redefines this */
58 #endif
59 #include "redir.h"
60 #include "exec.h"
61 #include "show.h"
62 #include "main.h"
63 #include "parser.h"
64 #include "nodes.h"
65 #include "jobs.h"
66 #include "options.h"
67 #include "trap.h"
68 #include "syntax.h"
69 #include "input.h"
70 #include "output.h"
71 #include "memalloc.h"
72 #include "error.h"
73 #include "mystring.h"
74 #include "var.h"
75 #include "builtins.h"
76 #include "eval.h"
77 
78 
79 /*
80  * A job structure contains information about a job.  A job is either a
81  * single process or a set of processes contained in a pipeline.  In the
82  * latter case, pidlist will be non-NULL, and will point to a -1 terminated
83  * array of pids.
84  */
85 
86 struct procstat {
87 	pid_t pid;		/* process id */
88 	int status;		/* status flags (defined above) */
89 	char *cmd;		/* text of command being run */
90 };
91 
92 
93 /* states */
94 #define JOBSTOPPED 1		/* all procs are stopped */
95 #define JOBDONE 2		/* all procs are completed */
96 
97 
98 struct job {
99 	struct procstat ps0;	/* status of process */
100 	struct procstat *ps;	/* status or processes when more than one */
101 	short nprocs;		/* number of processes */
102 	pid_t pgrp;		/* process group of this job */
103 	char state;		/* true if job is finished */
104 	char used;		/* true if this entry is in used */
105 	char changed;		/* true if status has changed */
106 	char foreground;	/* true if running in the foreground */
107 	char remembered;	/* true if $! referenced */
108 #if JOBS
109 	char jobctl;		/* job running under job control */
110 	struct job *next;	/* job used after this one */
111 #endif
112 };
113 
114 
115 static struct job *jobtab;	/* array of jobs */
116 static int njobs;		/* size of array */
117 static pid_t backgndpid = -1;	/* pid of last background process */
118 static struct job *bgjob = NULL; /* last background process */
119 #if JOBS
120 static struct job *jobmru;	/* most recently used job list */
121 static pid_t initialpgrp;	/* pgrp of shell on invocation */
122 #endif
123 static int ttyfd = -1;
124 
125 /* mode flags for dowait */
126 #define DOWAIT_BLOCK	0x1 /* wait until a child exits */
127 #define DOWAIT_SIG	0x2 /* if DOWAIT_BLOCK, abort on signal */
128 #define DOWAIT_SIG_TRAP	0x4 /* if DOWAIT_SIG, abort on trapped signal only */
129 
130 #if JOBS
131 static void restartjob(struct job *);
132 #endif
133 static void freejob(struct job *);
134 static int waitcmdloop(struct job *);
135 static struct job *getjob_nonotfound(const char *);
136 static struct job *getjob(const char *);
137 pid_t killjob(const char *, int);
138 static pid_t dowait(int, struct job *);
139 static void checkzombies(void);
140 static void cmdtxt(union node *);
141 static void cmdputs(const char *);
142 #if JOBS
143 static void setcurjob(struct job *);
144 static void deljob(struct job *);
145 static struct job *getcurjob(struct job *);
146 #endif
147 static void printjobcmd(struct job *);
148 static void showjob(struct job *, int);
149 
150 
151 /*
152  * Turn job control on and off.
153  */
154 
155 static int jobctl;
156 
157 #if JOBS
158 static void
159 jobctl_notty(void)
160 {
161 	if (ttyfd >= 0) {
162 		close(ttyfd);
163 		ttyfd = -1;
164 	}
165 	if (!iflag) {
166 		setsignal(SIGTSTP);
167 		setsignal(SIGTTOU);
168 		setsignal(SIGTTIN);
169 		jobctl = 1;
170 		return;
171 	}
172 	out2fmt_flush("sh: can't access tty; job control turned off\n");
173 	mflag = 0;
174 }
175 
176 void
177 setjobctl(int on)
178 {
179 	int i;
180 
181 	if (on == jobctl || rootshell == 0)
182 		return;
183 	if (on) {
184 		if (ttyfd != -1)
185 			close(ttyfd);
186 		if ((ttyfd = open(_PATH_TTY, O_RDWR | O_CLOEXEC)) < 0) {
187 			i = 0;
188 			while (i <= 2 && !isatty(i))
189 				i++;
190 			if (i > 2 ||
191 			    (ttyfd = fcntl(i, F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC, 10)) < 0) {
192 				jobctl_notty();
193 				return;
194 			}
195 		}
196 		if (ttyfd < 10) {
197 			/*
198 			 * Keep our TTY file descriptor out of the way of
199 			 * the user's redirections.
200 			 */
201 			if ((i = fcntl(ttyfd, F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC, 10)) < 0) {
202 				jobctl_notty();
203 				return;
204 			}
205 			close(ttyfd);
206 			ttyfd = i;
207 		}
208 		do { /* while we are in the background */
209 			initialpgrp = tcgetpgrp(ttyfd);
210 			if (initialpgrp < 0) {
211 				jobctl_notty();
212 				return;
213 			}
214 			if (initialpgrp != getpgrp()) {
215 				if (!iflag) {
216 					initialpgrp = -1;
217 					jobctl_notty();
218 					return;
219 				}
220 				kill(0, SIGTTIN);
221 				continue;
222 			}
223 		} while (0);
224 		setsignal(SIGTSTP);
225 		setsignal(SIGTTOU);
226 		setsignal(SIGTTIN);
227 		setpgid(0, rootpid);
228 		tcsetpgrp(ttyfd, rootpid);
229 	} else { /* turning job control off */
230 		setpgid(0, initialpgrp);
231 		if (ttyfd >= 0) {
232 			tcsetpgrp(ttyfd, initialpgrp);
233 			close(ttyfd);
234 			ttyfd = -1;
235 		}
236 		setsignal(SIGTSTP);
237 		setsignal(SIGTTOU);
238 		setsignal(SIGTTIN);
239 	}
240 	jobctl = on;
241 }
242 #endif
243 
244 
245 #if JOBS
246 int
247 fgcmd(int argc __unused, char **argv __unused)
248 {
249 	struct job *jp;
250 	pid_t pgrp;
251 	int status;
252 
253 	nextopt("");
254 	jp = getjob(*argptr);
255 	if (jp->jobctl == 0)
256 		error("job not created under job control");
257 	printjobcmd(jp);
258 	flushout(&output);
259 	pgrp = jp->ps[0].pid;
260 	if (ttyfd >= 0)
261 		tcsetpgrp(ttyfd, pgrp);
262 	restartjob(jp);
263 	jp->foreground = 1;
264 	INTOFF;
265 	status = waitforjob(jp, (int *)NULL);
266 	INTON;
267 	return status;
268 }
269 
270 
271 int
272 bgcmd(int argc __unused, char **argv __unused)
273 {
274 	struct job *jp;
275 
276 	nextopt("");
277 	do {
278 		jp = getjob(*argptr);
279 		if (jp->jobctl == 0)
280 			error("job not created under job control");
281 		if (jp->state == JOBDONE)
282 			continue;
283 		restartjob(jp);
284 		jp->foreground = 0;
285 		out1fmt("[%td] ", jp - jobtab + 1);
286 		printjobcmd(jp);
287 	} while (*argptr != NULL && *++argptr != NULL);
288 	return 0;
289 }
290 
291 
292 static void
293 restartjob(struct job *jp)
294 {
295 	struct procstat *ps;
296 	int i;
297 
298 	if (jp->state == JOBDONE)
299 		return;
300 	setcurjob(jp);
301 	INTOFF;
302 	kill(-jp->ps[0].pid, SIGCONT);
303 	for (ps = jp->ps, i = jp->nprocs ; --i >= 0 ; ps++) {
304 		if (WIFSTOPPED(ps->status)) {
305 			ps->status = -1;
306 			jp->state = 0;
307 		}
308 	}
309 	INTON;
310 }
311 #endif
312 
313 
314 int
315 jobscmd(int argc __unused, char *argv[] __unused)
316 {
317 	char *id;
318 	int ch, mode;
319 
320 	mode = SHOWJOBS_DEFAULT;
321 	while ((ch = nextopt("lps")) != '\0') {
322 		switch (ch) {
323 		case 'l':
324 			mode = SHOWJOBS_VERBOSE;
325 			break;
326 		case 'p':
327 			mode = SHOWJOBS_PGIDS;
328 			break;
329 		case 's':
330 			mode = SHOWJOBS_PIDS;
331 			break;
332 		}
333 	}
334 
335 	if (*argptr == NULL)
336 		showjobs(0, mode);
337 	else
338 		while ((id = *argptr++) != NULL)
339 			showjob(getjob(id), mode);
340 
341 	return (0);
342 }
343 
344 static void
345 printjobcmd(struct job *jp)
346 {
347 	struct procstat *ps;
348 	int i;
349 
350 	for (ps = jp->ps, i = jp->nprocs ; --i >= 0 ; ps++) {
351 		out1str(ps->cmd);
352 		if (i > 0)
353 			out1str(" | ");
354 	}
355 	out1c('\n');
356 }
357 
358 static void
359 showjob(struct job *jp, int mode)
360 {
361 	char s[64];
362 	char statebuf[16];
363 	const char *statestr, *coredump;
364 	struct procstat *ps;
365 	struct job *j;
366 	int col, curr, i, jobno, prev, procno, status;
367 	char c;
368 
369 	procno = (mode == SHOWJOBS_PGIDS) ? 1 : jp->nprocs;
370 	jobno = jp - jobtab + 1;
371 	curr = prev = 0;
372 #if JOBS
373 	if ((j = getcurjob(NULL)) != NULL) {
374 		curr = j - jobtab + 1;
375 		if ((j = getcurjob(j)) != NULL)
376 			prev = j - jobtab + 1;
377 	}
378 #endif
379 	coredump = "";
380 	status = jp->ps[jp->nprocs - 1].status;
381 	if (jp->state == 0) {
382 		statestr = "Running";
383 #if JOBS
384 	} else if (jp->state == JOBSTOPPED) {
385 		ps = jp->ps + jp->nprocs - 1;
386 		while (!WIFSTOPPED(ps->status) && ps > jp->ps)
387 			ps--;
388 		if (WIFSTOPPED(ps->status))
389 			i = WSTOPSIG(ps->status);
390 		else
391 			i = -1;
392 		statestr = strsignal(i);
393 		if (statestr == NULL)
394 			statestr = "Suspended";
395 #endif
396 	} else if (WIFEXITED(status)) {
397 		if (WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0)
398 			statestr = "Done";
399 		else {
400 			fmtstr(statebuf, sizeof(statebuf), "Done(%d)",
401 			    WEXITSTATUS(status));
402 			statestr = statebuf;
403 		}
404 	} else {
405 		i = WTERMSIG(status);
406 		statestr = strsignal(i);
407 		if (statestr == NULL)
408 			statestr = "Unknown signal";
409 		if (WCOREDUMP(status))
410 			coredump = " (core dumped)";
411 	}
412 
413 	for (ps = jp->ps ; procno > 0 ; ps++, procno--) { /* for each process */
414 		if (mode == SHOWJOBS_PIDS || mode == SHOWJOBS_PGIDS) {
415 			out1fmt("%d\n", (int)ps->pid);
416 			continue;
417 		}
418 		if (mode != SHOWJOBS_VERBOSE && ps != jp->ps)
419 			continue;
420 		if (jobno == curr && ps == jp->ps)
421 			c = '+';
422 		else if (jobno == prev && ps == jp->ps)
423 			c = '-';
424 		else
425 			c = ' ';
426 		if (ps == jp->ps)
427 			fmtstr(s, 64, "[%d] %c ", jobno, c);
428 		else
429 			fmtstr(s, 64, "    %c ", c);
430 		out1str(s);
431 		col = strlen(s);
432 		if (mode == SHOWJOBS_VERBOSE) {
433 			fmtstr(s, 64, "%d ", (int)ps->pid);
434 			out1str(s);
435 			col += strlen(s);
436 		}
437 		if (ps == jp->ps) {
438 			out1str(statestr);
439 			out1str(coredump);
440 			col += strlen(statestr) + strlen(coredump);
441 		}
442 		do {
443 			out1c(' ');
444 			col++;
445 		} while (col < 30);
446 		if (mode == SHOWJOBS_VERBOSE) {
447 			out1str(ps->cmd);
448 			out1c('\n');
449 		} else
450 			printjobcmd(jp);
451 	}
452 }
453 
454 /*
455  * Print a list of jobs.  If "change" is nonzero, only print jobs whose
456  * statuses have changed since the last call to showjobs.
457  *
458  * If the shell is interrupted in the process of creating a job, the
459  * result may be a job structure containing zero processes.  Such structures
460  * will be freed here.
461  */
462 
463 void
464 showjobs(int change, int mode)
465 {
466 	int jobno;
467 	struct job *jp;
468 
469 	TRACE(("showjobs(%d) called\n", change));
470 	checkzombies();
471 	for (jobno = 1, jp = jobtab ; jobno <= njobs ; jobno++, jp++) {
472 		if (! jp->used)
473 			continue;
474 		if (jp->nprocs == 0) {
475 			freejob(jp);
476 			continue;
477 		}
478 		if (change && ! jp->changed)
479 			continue;
480 		showjob(jp, mode);
481 		if (mode == SHOWJOBS_DEFAULT || mode == SHOWJOBS_VERBOSE) {
482 			jp->changed = 0;
483 			/* Hack: discard jobs for which $! has not been
484 			 * referenced in interactive mode when they terminate.
485 			 */
486 			if (jp->state == JOBDONE && !jp->remembered &&
487 					(iflag || jp != bgjob)) {
488 				freejob(jp);
489 			}
490 		}
491 	}
492 }
493 
494 
495 /*
496  * Mark a job structure as unused.
497  */
498 
499 static void
500 freejob(struct job *jp)
501 {
502 	struct procstat *ps;
503 	int i;
504 
505 	INTOFF;
506 	if (bgjob == jp)
507 		bgjob = NULL;
508 	for (i = jp->nprocs, ps = jp->ps ; --i >= 0 ; ps++) {
509 		if (ps->cmd != nullstr)
510 			ckfree(ps->cmd);
511 	}
512 	if (jp->ps != &jp->ps0)
513 		ckfree(jp->ps);
514 	jp->used = 0;
515 #if JOBS
516 	deljob(jp);
517 #endif
518 	INTON;
519 }
520 
521 
522 
523 int
524 waitcmd(int argc __unused, char **argv __unused)
525 {
526 	struct job *job;
527 	int retval;
528 
529 	nextopt("");
530 	if (*argptr == NULL)
531 		return (waitcmdloop(NULL));
532 
533 	do {
534 		job = getjob_nonotfound(*argptr);
535 		if (job == NULL)
536 			retval = 127;
537 		else
538 			retval = waitcmdloop(job);
539 		argptr++;
540 	} while (*argptr != NULL);
541 
542 	return (retval);
543 }
544 
545 static int
546 waitcmdloop(struct job *job)
547 {
548 	int status, retval, sig;
549 	struct job *jp;
550 
551 	/*
552 	 * Loop until a process is terminated or stopped, or a SIGINT is
553 	 * received.
554 	 */
555 
556 	do {
557 		if (job != NULL) {
558 			if (job->state == JOBDONE) {
559 				status = job->ps[job->nprocs - 1].status;
560 				if (WIFEXITED(status))
561 					retval = WEXITSTATUS(status);
562 				else
563 					retval = WTERMSIG(status) + 128;
564 				if (! iflag || ! job->changed)
565 					freejob(job);
566 				else {
567 					job->remembered = 0;
568 					if (job == bgjob)
569 						bgjob = NULL;
570 				}
571 				return retval;
572 			}
573 		} else {
574 			for (jp = jobtab ; jp < jobtab + njobs; jp++)
575 				if (jp->used && jp->state == JOBDONE) {
576 					if (! iflag || ! jp->changed)
577 						freejob(jp);
578 					else {
579 						jp->remembered = 0;
580 						if (jp == bgjob)
581 							bgjob = NULL;
582 					}
583 				}
584 			for (jp = jobtab ; ; jp++) {
585 				if (jp >= jobtab + njobs) {	/* no running procs */
586 					return 0;
587 				}
588 				if (jp->used && jp->state == 0)
589 					break;
590 			}
591 		}
592 	} while (dowait(DOWAIT_BLOCK | DOWAIT_SIG, (struct job *)NULL) != -1);
593 
594 	sig = pendingsig_waitcmd;
595 	pendingsig_waitcmd = 0;
596 	return sig + 128;
597 }
598 
599 
600 
601 int
602 jobidcmd(int argc __unused, char **argv __unused)
603 {
604 	struct job *jp;
605 	int i;
606 
607 	nextopt("");
608 	jp = getjob(*argptr);
609 	for (i = 0 ; i < jp->nprocs ; ) {
610 		out1fmt("%d", (int)jp->ps[i].pid);
611 		out1c(++i < jp->nprocs? ' ' : '\n');
612 	}
613 	return 0;
614 }
615 
616 
617 
618 /*
619  * Convert a job name to a job structure.
620  */
621 
622 static struct job *
623 getjob_nonotfound(const char *name)
624 {
625 	int jobno;
626 	struct job *found, *jp;
627 	size_t namelen;
628 	pid_t pid;
629 	int i;
630 
631 	if (name == NULL) {
632 #if JOBS
633 		name = "%+";
634 #else
635 		error("No current job");
636 #endif
637 	}
638 	if (name[0] == '%') {
639 		if (is_digit(name[1])) {
640 			jobno = number(name + 1);
641 			if (jobno > 0 && jobno <= njobs
642 			 && jobtab[jobno - 1].used != 0)
643 				return &jobtab[jobno - 1];
644 #if JOBS
645 		} else if ((name[1] == '%' || name[1] == '+') &&
646 		    name[2] == '\0') {
647 			if ((jp = getcurjob(NULL)) == NULL)
648 				error("No current job");
649 			return (jp);
650 		} else if (name[1] == '-' && name[2] == '\0') {
651 			if ((jp = getcurjob(NULL)) == NULL ||
652 			    (jp = getcurjob(jp)) == NULL)
653 				error("No previous job");
654 			return (jp);
655 #endif
656 		} else if (name[1] == '?') {
657 			found = NULL;
658 			for (jp = jobtab, i = njobs ; --i >= 0 ; jp++) {
659 				if (jp->used && jp->nprocs > 0
660 				 && strstr(jp->ps[0].cmd, name + 2) != NULL) {
661 					if (found)
662 						error("%s: ambiguous", name);
663 					found = jp;
664 				}
665 			}
666 			if (found != NULL)
667 				return (found);
668 		} else {
669 			namelen = strlen(name);
670 			found = NULL;
671 			for (jp = jobtab, i = njobs ; --i >= 0 ; jp++) {
672 				if (jp->used && jp->nprocs > 0
673 				 && strncmp(jp->ps[0].cmd, name + 1,
674 				 namelen - 1) == 0) {
675 					if (found)
676 						error("%s: ambiguous", name);
677 					found = jp;
678 				}
679 			}
680 			if (found)
681 				return found;
682 		}
683 	} else if (is_number(name)) {
684 		pid = (pid_t)number(name);
685 		for (jp = jobtab, i = njobs ; --i >= 0 ; jp++) {
686 			if (jp->used && jp->nprocs > 0
687 			 && jp->ps[jp->nprocs - 1].pid == pid)
688 				return jp;
689 		}
690 	}
691 	return NULL;
692 }
693 
694 
695 static struct job *
696 getjob(const char *name)
697 {
698 	struct job *jp;
699 
700 	jp = getjob_nonotfound(name);
701 	if (jp == NULL)
702 		error("No such job: %s", name);
703 	return (jp);
704 }
705 
706 
707 int
708 killjob(const char *name, int sig)
709 {
710 	struct job *jp;
711 	int i, ret;
712 
713 	jp = getjob(name);
714 	if (jp->state == JOBDONE)
715 		return 0;
716 	if (jp->jobctl)
717 		return kill(-jp->ps[0].pid, sig);
718 	ret = -1;
719 	errno = ESRCH;
720 	for (i = 0; i < jp->nprocs; i++)
721 		if (jp->ps[i].status == -1 || WIFSTOPPED(jp->ps[i].status)) {
722 			if (kill(jp->ps[i].pid, sig) == 0)
723 				ret = 0;
724 		} else
725 			ret = 0;
726 	return ret;
727 }
728 
729 /*
730  * Return a new job structure,
731  */
732 
733 struct job *
734 makejob(union node *node __unused, int nprocs)
735 {
736 	int i;
737 	struct job *jp;
738 
739 	for (i = njobs, jp = jobtab ; ; jp++) {
740 		if (--i < 0) {
741 			INTOFF;
742 			if (njobs == 0) {
743 				jobtab = ckmalloc(4 * sizeof jobtab[0]);
744 #if JOBS
745 				jobmru = NULL;
746 #endif
747 			} else {
748 				jp = ckmalloc((njobs + 4) * sizeof jobtab[0]);
749 				memcpy(jp, jobtab, njobs * sizeof jp[0]);
750 #if JOBS
751 				/* Relocate `next' pointers and list head */
752 				if (jobmru != NULL)
753 					jobmru = &jp[jobmru - jobtab];
754 				for (i = 0; i < njobs; i++)
755 					if (jp[i].next != NULL)
756 						jp[i].next = &jp[jp[i].next -
757 						    jobtab];
758 #endif
759 				if (bgjob != NULL)
760 					bgjob = &jp[bgjob - jobtab];
761 				/* Relocate `ps' pointers */
762 				for (i = 0; i < njobs; i++)
763 					if (jp[i].ps == &jobtab[i].ps0)
764 						jp[i].ps = &jp[i].ps0;
765 				ckfree(jobtab);
766 				jobtab = jp;
767 			}
768 			jp = jobtab + njobs;
769 			for (i = 4 ; --i >= 0 ; jobtab[njobs++].used = 0)
770 				;
771 			INTON;
772 			break;
773 		}
774 		if (jp->used == 0)
775 			break;
776 	}
777 	INTOFF;
778 	jp->state = 0;
779 	jp->used = 1;
780 	jp->changed = 0;
781 	jp->nprocs = 0;
782 	jp->foreground = 0;
783 	jp->remembered = 0;
784 #if JOBS
785 	jp->jobctl = jobctl;
786 	jp->next = NULL;
787 #endif
788 	if (nprocs > 1) {
789 		jp->ps = ckmalloc(nprocs * sizeof (struct procstat));
790 	} else {
791 		jp->ps = &jp->ps0;
792 	}
793 	INTON;
794 	TRACE(("makejob(%p, %d) returns %%%td\n", (void *)node, nprocs,
795 	    jp - jobtab + 1));
796 	return jp;
797 }
798 
799 #if JOBS
800 static void
801 setcurjob(struct job *cj)
802 {
803 	struct job *jp, *prev;
804 
805 	for (prev = NULL, jp = jobmru; jp != NULL; prev = jp, jp = jp->next) {
806 		if (jp == cj) {
807 			if (prev != NULL)
808 				prev->next = jp->next;
809 			else
810 				jobmru = jp->next;
811 			jp->next = jobmru;
812 			jobmru = cj;
813 			return;
814 		}
815 	}
816 	cj->next = jobmru;
817 	jobmru = cj;
818 }
819 
820 static void
821 deljob(struct job *j)
822 {
823 	struct job *jp, *prev;
824 
825 	for (prev = NULL, jp = jobmru; jp != NULL; prev = jp, jp = jp->next) {
826 		if (jp == j) {
827 			if (prev != NULL)
828 				prev->next = jp->next;
829 			else
830 				jobmru = jp->next;
831 			return;
832 		}
833 	}
834 }
835 
836 /*
837  * Return the most recently used job that isn't `nj', and preferably one
838  * that is stopped.
839  */
840 static struct job *
841 getcurjob(struct job *nj)
842 {
843 	struct job *jp;
844 
845 	/* Try to find a stopped one.. */
846 	for (jp = jobmru; jp != NULL; jp = jp->next)
847 		if (jp->used && jp != nj && jp->state == JOBSTOPPED)
848 			return (jp);
849 	/* Otherwise the most recently used job that isn't `nj' */
850 	for (jp = jobmru; jp != NULL; jp = jp->next)
851 		if (jp->used && jp != nj)
852 			return (jp);
853 
854 	return (NULL);
855 }
856 
857 #endif
858 
859 /*
860  * Fork of a subshell.  If we are doing job control, give the subshell its
861  * own process group.  Jp is a job structure that the job is to be added to.
862  * N is the command that will be evaluated by the child.  Both jp and n may
863  * be NULL.  The mode parameter can be one of the following:
864  *	FORK_FG - Fork off a foreground process.
865  *	FORK_BG - Fork off a background process.
866  *	FORK_NOJOB - Like FORK_FG, but don't give the process its own
867  *		     process group even if job control is on.
868  *
869  * When job control is turned off, background processes have their standard
870  * input redirected to /dev/null (except for the second and later processes
871  * in a pipeline).
872  */
873 
874 pid_t
875 forkshell(struct job *jp, union node *n, int mode)
876 {
877 	pid_t pid;
878 	pid_t pgrp;
879 
880 	TRACE(("forkshell(%%%td, %p, %d) called\n", jp - jobtab, (void *)n,
881 	    mode));
882 	INTOFF;
883 	if (mode == FORK_BG && (jp == NULL || jp->nprocs == 0))
884 		checkzombies();
885 	flushall();
886 	pid = fork();
887 	if (pid == -1) {
888 		TRACE(("Fork failed, errno=%d\n", errno));
889 		INTON;
890 		error("Cannot fork: %s", strerror(errno));
891 	}
892 	if (pid == 0) {
893 		struct job *p;
894 		int wasroot;
895 		int i;
896 
897 		TRACE(("Child shell %d\n", (int)getpid()));
898 		wasroot = rootshell;
899 		rootshell = 0;
900 		handler = &main_handler;
901 		closescript();
902 		INTON;
903 		forcelocal = 0;
904 		clear_traps();
905 #if JOBS
906 		jobctl = 0;		/* do job control only in root shell */
907 		if (wasroot && mode != FORK_NOJOB && mflag) {
908 			if (jp == NULL || jp->nprocs == 0)
909 				pgrp = getpid();
910 			else
911 				pgrp = jp->ps[0].pid;
912 			if (setpgid(0, pgrp) == 0 && mode == FORK_FG &&
913 			    ttyfd >= 0) {
914 				/*** this causes superfluous TIOCSPGRPS ***/
915 				if (tcsetpgrp(ttyfd, pgrp) < 0)
916 					error("tcsetpgrp failed, errno=%d", errno);
917 			}
918 			setsignal(SIGTSTP);
919 			setsignal(SIGTTOU);
920 		} else if (mode == FORK_BG) {
921 			ignoresig(SIGINT);
922 			ignoresig(SIGQUIT);
923 			if ((jp == NULL || jp->nprocs == 0) &&
924 			    ! fd0_redirected_p ()) {
925 				close(0);
926 				if (open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_RDONLY) != 0)
927 					error("cannot open %s: %s",
928 					    _PATH_DEVNULL, strerror(errno));
929 			}
930 		}
931 #else
932 		if (mode == FORK_BG) {
933 			ignoresig(SIGINT);
934 			ignoresig(SIGQUIT);
935 			if ((jp == NULL || jp->nprocs == 0) &&
936 			    ! fd0_redirected_p ()) {
937 				close(0);
938 				if (open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_RDONLY) != 0)
939 					error("cannot open %s: %s",
940 					    _PATH_DEVNULL, strerror(errno));
941 			}
942 		}
943 #endif
944 		INTOFF;
945 		for (i = njobs, p = jobtab ; --i >= 0 ; p++)
946 			if (p->used)
947 				freejob(p);
948 		INTON;
949 		if (wasroot && iflag) {
950 			setsignal(SIGINT);
951 			setsignal(SIGQUIT);
952 			setsignal(SIGTERM);
953 		}
954 		return pid;
955 	}
956 	if (rootshell && mode != FORK_NOJOB && mflag) {
957 		if (jp == NULL || jp->nprocs == 0)
958 			pgrp = pid;
959 		else
960 			pgrp = jp->ps[0].pid;
961 		setpgid(pid, pgrp);
962 	}
963 	if (mode == FORK_BG) {
964 		if (bgjob != NULL && bgjob->state == JOBDONE &&
965 		    !bgjob->remembered && !iflag)
966 			freejob(bgjob);
967 		backgndpid = pid;		/* set $! */
968 		bgjob = jp;
969 	}
970 	if (jp) {
971 		struct procstat *ps = &jp->ps[jp->nprocs++];
972 		ps->pid = pid;
973 		ps->status = -1;
974 		ps->cmd = nullstr;
975 		if (iflag && rootshell && n)
976 			ps->cmd = commandtext(n);
977 		jp->foreground = mode == FORK_FG;
978 #if JOBS
979 		setcurjob(jp);
980 #endif
981 	}
982 	INTON;
983 	TRACE(("In parent shell:  child = %d\n", (int)pid));
984 	return pid;
985 }
986 
987 
988 pid_t
989 vforkexecshell(struct job *jp, char **argv, char **envp, const char *path, int idx, int pip[2])
990 {
991 	pid_t pid;
992 	struct jmploc jmploc;
993 	struct jmploc *savehandler;
994 
995 	TRACE(("vforkexecshell(%%%td, %s, %p) called\n", jp - jobtab, argv[0],
996 	    (void *)pip));
997 	INTOFF;
998 	flushall();
999 	savehandler = handler;
1000 	pid = vfork();
1001 	if (pid == -1) {
1002 		TRACE(("Vfork failed, errno=%d\n", errno));
1003 		INTON;
1004 		error("Cannot fork: %s", strerror(errno));
1005 	}
1006 	if (pid == 0) {
1007 		TRACE(("Child shell %d\n", (int)getpid()));
1008 		if (setjmp(jmploc.loc))
1009 			_exit(exception == EXEXEC ? exitstatus : 2);
1010 		if (pip != NULL) {
1011 			close(pip[0]);
1012 			if (pip[1] != 1) {
1013 				dup2(pip[1], 1);
1014 				close(pip[1]);
1015 			}
1016 		}
1017 		handler = &jmploc;
1018 		shellexec(argv, envp, path, idx);
1019 	}
1020 	handler = savehandler;
1021 	if (jp) {
1022 		struct procstat *ps = &jp->ps[jp->nprocs++];
1023 		ps->pid = pid;
1024 		ps->status = -1;
1025 		ps->cmd = nullstr;
1026 		jp->foreground = 1;
1027 #if JOBS
1028 		setcurjob(jp);
1029 #endif
1030 	}
1031 	INTON;
1032 	TRACE(("In parent shell:  child = %d\n", (int)pid));
1033 	return pid;
1034 }
1035 
1036 
1037 /*
1038  * Wait for job to finish.
1039  *
1040  * Under job control we have the problem that while a child process is
1041  * running interrupts generated by the user are sent to the child but not
1042  * to the shell.  This means that an infinite loop started by an inter-
1043  * active user may be hard to kill.  With job control turned off, an
1044  * interactive user may place an interactive program inside a loop.  If
1045  * the interactive program catches interrupts, the user doesn't want
1046  * these interrupts to also abort the loop.  The approach we take here
1047  * is to have the shell ignore interrupt signals while waiting for a
1048  * foreground process to terminate, and then send itself an interrupt
1049  * signal if the child process was terminated by an interrupt signal.
1050  * Unfortunately, some programs want to do a bit of cleanup and then
1051  * exit on interrupt; unless these processes terminate themselves by
1052  * sending a signal to themselves (instead of calling exit) they will
1053  * confuse this approach.
1054  */
1055 
1056 int
1057 waitforjob(struct job *jp, int *signaled)
1058 {
1059 #if JOBS
1060 	int propagate_int = jp->jobctl && jp->foreground;
1061 #endif
1062 	int status;
1063 	int st;
1064 
1065 	INTOFF;
1066 	TRACE(("waitforjob(%%%td) called\n", jp - jobtab + 1));
1067 	while (jp->state == 0)
1068 		if (dowait(DOWAIT_BLOCK | (Tflag ? DOWAIT_SIG |
1069 		    DOWAIT_SIG_TRAP : 0), jp) == -1)
1070 			dotrap();
1071 #if JOBS
1072 	if (jp->jobctl) {
1073 		if (ttyfd >= 0 && tcsetpgrp(ttyfd, rootpid) < 0)
1074 			error("tcsetpgrp failed, errno=%d\n", errno);
1075 	}
1076 	if (jp->state == JOBSTOPPED)
1077 		setcurjob(jp);
1078 #endif
1079 	status = jp->ps[jp->nprocs - 1].status;
1080 	if (signaled != NULL)
1081 		*signaled = WIFSIGNALED(status);
1082 	/* convert to 8 bits */
1083 	if (WIFEXITED(status))
1084 		st = WEXITSTATUS(status);
1085 #if JOBS
1086 	else if (WIFSTOPPED(status))
1087 		st = WSTOPSIG(status) + 128;
1088 #endif
1089 	else
1090 		st = WTERMSIG(status) + 128;
1091 	if (! JOBS || jp->state == JOBDONE)
1092 		freejob(jp);
1093 	if (int_pending()) {
1094 		if (!WIFSIGNALED(status) || WTERMSIG(status) != SIGINT)
1095 			CLEAR_PENDING_INT;
1096 	}
1097 #if JOBS
1098 	else if (rootshell && propagate_int &&
1099 			WIFSIGNALED(status) && WTERMSIG(status) == SIGINT)
1100 		kill(getpid(), SIGINT);
1101 #endif
1102 	INTON;
1103 	return st;
1104 }
1105 
1106 
1107 static void
1108 dummy_handler(int sig __unused)
1109 {
1110 }
1111 
1112 /*
1113  * Wait for a process to terminate.
1114  */
1115 
1116 static pid_t
1117 dowait(int mode, struct job *job)
1118 {
1119 	struct sigaction sa, osa;
1120 	sigset_t mask, omask;
1121 	pid_t pid;
1122 	int status;
1123 	struct procstat *sp;
1124 	struct job *jp;
1125 	struct job *thisjob;
1126 	const char *sigstr;
1127 	int done;
1128 	int stopped;
1129 	int sig;
1130 	int coredump;
1131 	int wflags;
1132 	int restore_sigchld;
1133 
1134 	TRACE(("dowait(%d, %p) called\n", mode, job));
1135 	restore_sigchld = 0;
1136 	if ((mode & DOWAIT_SIG) != 0) {
1137 		sigfillset(&mask);
1138 		sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &mask, &omask);
1139 		INTOFF;
1140 		if (!issigchldtrapped()) {
1141 			restore_sigchld = 1;
1142 			sa.sa_handler = dummy_handler;
1143 			sa.sa_flags = 0;
1144 			sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
1145 			sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, &osa);
1146 		}
1147 	}
1148 	do {
1149 #if JOBS
1150 		if (iflag)
1151 			wflags = WUNTRACED | WCONTINUED;
1152 		else
1153 #endif
1154 			wflags = 0;
1155 		if ((mode & (DOWAIT_BLOCK | DOWAIT_SIG)) != DOWAIT_BLOCK)
1156 			wflags |= WNOHANG;
1157 		pid = wait3(&status, wflags, (struct rusage *)NULL);
1158 		TRACE(("wait returns %d, status=%d\n", (int)pid, status));
1159 		if (pid == 0 && (mode & DOWAIT_SIG) != 0) {
1160 			pid = -1;
1161 			if (((mode & DOWAIT_SIG_TRAP) != 0 ?
1162 			    pendingsig : pendingsig_waitcmd) != 0) {
1163 				errno = EINTR;
1164 				break;
1165 			}
1166 			sigsuspend(&omask);
1167 			if (int_pending())
1168 				break;
1169 		}
1170 	} while (pid == -1 && errno == EINTR);
1171 	if (pid == -1 && errno == ECHILD && job != NULL)
1172 		job->state = JOBDONE;
1173 	if ((mode & DOWAIT_SIG) != 0) {
1174 		if (restore_sigchld)
1175 			sigaction(SIGCHLD, &osa, NULL);
1176 		sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &omask, NULL);
1177 		INTON;
1178 	}
1179 	if (pid <= 0)
1180 		return pid;
1181 	INTOFF;
1182 	thisjob = NULL;
1183 	for (jp = jobtab ; jp < jobtab + njobs ; jp++) {
1184 		if (jp->used && jp->nprocs > 0) {
1185 			done = 1;
1186 			stopped = 1;
1187 			for (sp = jp->ps ; sp < jp->ps + jp->nprocs ; sp++) {
1188 				if (sp->pid == -1)
1189 					continue;
1190 				if (sp->pid == pid && (sp->status == -1 ||
1191 				    WIFSTOPPED(sp->status))) {
1192 					TRACE(("Changing status of proc %d from 0x%x to 0x%x\n",
1193 						   (int)pid, sp->status,
1194 						   status));
1195 					if (WIFCONTINUED(status)) {
1196 						sp->status = -1;
1197 						jp->state = 0;
1198 					} else
1199 						sp->status = status;
1200 					thisjob = jp;
1201 				}
1202 				if (sp->status == -1)
1203 					stopped = 0;
1204 				else if (WIFSTOPPED(sp->status))
1205 					done = 0;
1206 			}
1207 			if (stopped) {		/* stopped or done */
1208 				int state = done? JOBDONE : JOBSTOPPED;
1209 				if (jp->state != state) {
1210 					TRACE(("Job %td: changing state from %d to %d\n", jp - jobtab + 1, jp->state, state));
1211 					jp->state = state;
1212 					if (jp != job) {
1213 						if (done && !jp->remembered &&
1214 						    !iflag && jp != bgjob)
1215 							freejob(jp);
1216 #if JOBS
1217 						else if (done)
1218 							deljob(jp);
1219 #endif
1220 					}
1221 				}
1222 			}
1223 		}
1224 	}
1225 	INTON;
1226 	if (!thisjob || thisjob->state == 0)
1227 		;
1228 	else if ((!rootshell || !iflag || thisjob == job) &&
1229 	    thisjob->foreground && thisjob->state != JOBSTOPPED) {
1230 		sig = 0;
1231 		coredump = 0;
1232 		for (sp = thisjob->ps; sp < thisjob->ps + thisjob->nprocs; sp++)
1233 			if (WIFSIGNALED(sp->status)) {
1234 				sig = WTERMSIG(sp->status);
1235 				coredump = WCOREDUMP(sp->status);
1236 			}
1237 		if (sig > 0 && sig != SIGINT && sig != SIGPIPE) {
1238 			sigstr = strsignal(sig);
1239 			if (sigstr != NULL)
1240 				out2str(sigstr);
1241 			else
1242 				out2str("Unknown signal");
1243 			if (coredump)
1244 				out2str(" (core dumped)");
1245 			out2c('\n');
1246 			flushout(out2);
1247 		}
1248 	} else {
1249 		TRACE(("Not printing status, rootshell=%d, job=%p\n", rootshell, job));
1250 		thisjob->changed = 1;
1251 	}
1252 	return pid;
1253 }
1254 
1255 
1256 
1257 /*
1258  * return 1 if there are stopped jobs, otherwise 0
1259  */
1260 int job_warning = 0;
1261 int
1262 stoppedjobs(void)
1263 {
1264 	int jobno;
1265 	struct job *jp;
1266 
1267 	if (job_warning)
1268 		return (0);
1269 	for (jobno = 1, jp = jobtab; jobno <= njobs; jobno++, jp++) {
1270 		if (jp->used == 0)
1271 			continue;
1272 		if (jp->state == JOBSTOPPED) {
1273 			out2fmt_flush("You have stopped jobs.\n");
1274 			job_warning = 2;
1275 			return (1);
1276 		}
1277 	}
1278 
1279 	return (0);
1280 }
1281 
1282 
1283 static void
1284 checkzombies(void)
1285 {
1286 	while (njobs > 0 && dowait(0, NULL) > 0)
1287 		;
1288 }
1289 
1290 
1291 int
1292 backgndpidset(void)
1293 {
1294 	return backgndpid != -1;
1295 }
1296 
1297 
1298 pid_t
1299 backgndpidval(void)
1300 {
1301 	if (bgjob != NULL && !forcelocal)
1302 		bgjob->remembered = 1;
1303 	return backgndpid;
1304 }
1305 
1306 /*
1307  * Return a string identifying a command (to be printed by the
1308  * jobs command.
1309  */
1310 
1311 static char *cmdnextc;
1312 static int cmdnleft;
1313 #define MAXCMDTEXT	200
1314 
1315 char *
1316 commandtext(union node *n)
1317 {
1318 	char *name;
1319 
1320 	cmdnextc = name = ckmalloc(MAXCMDTEXT);
1321 	cmdnleft = MAXCMDTEXT - 4;
1322 	cmdtxt(n);
1323 	*cmdnextc = '\0';
1324 	return name;
1325 }
1326 
1327 
1328 static void
1329 cmdtxtdogroup(union node *n)
1330 {
1331 	cmdputs("; do ");
1332 	cmdtxt(n);
1333 	cmdputs("; done");
1334 }
1335 
1336 
1337 static void
1338 cmdtxtredir(union node *n, const char *op, int deffd)
1339 {
1340 	char s[2];
1341 
1342 	if (n->nfile.fd != deffd) {
1343 		s[0] = n->nfile.fd + '0';
1344 		s[1] = '\0';
1345 		cmdputs(s);
1346 	}
1347 	cmdputs(op);
1348 	if (n->type == NTOFD || n->type == NFROMFD) {
1349 		if (n->ndup.dupfd >= 0)
1350 			s[0] = n->ndup.dupfd + '0';
1351 		else
1352 			s[0] = '-';
1353 		s[1] = '\0';
1354 		cmdputs(s);
1355 	} else {
1356 		cmdtxt(n->nfile.fname);
1357 	}
1358 }
1359 
1360 
1361 static void
1362 cmdtxt(union node *n)
1363 {
1364 	union node *np;
1365 	struct nodelist *lp;
1366 
1367 	if (n == NULL)
1368 		return;
1369 	switch (n->type) {
1370 	case NSEMI:
1371 		cmdtxt(n->nbinary.ch1);
1372 		cmdputs("; ");
1373 		cmdtxt(n->nbinary.ch2);
1374 		break;
1375 	case NAND:
1376 		cmdtxt(n->nbinary.ch1);
1377 		cmdputs(" && ");
1378 		cmdtxt(n->nbinary.ch2);
1379 		break;
1380 	case NOR:
1381 		cmdtxt(n->nbinary.ch1);
1382 		cmdputs(" || ");
1383 		cmdtxt(n->nbinary.ch2);
1384 		break;
1385 	case NPIPE:
1386 		for (lp = n->npipe.cmdlist ; lp ; lp = lp->next) {
1387 			cmdtxt(lp->n);
1388 			if (lp->next)
1389 				cmdputs(" | ");
1390 		}
1391 		break;
1392 	case NSUBSHELL:
1393 		cmdputs("(");
1394 		cmdtxt(n->nredir.n);
1395 		cmdputs(")");
1396 		break;
1397 	case NREDIR:
1398 	case NBACKGND:
1399 		cmdtxt(n->nredir.n);
1400 		break;
1401 	case NIF:
1402 		cmdputs("if ");
1403 		cmdtxt(n->nif.test);
1404 		cmdputs("; then ");
1405 		cmdtxt(n->nif.ifpart);
1406 		cmdputs("...");
1407 		break;
1408 	case NWHILE:
1409 		cmdputs("while ");
1410 		cmdtxt(n->nbinary.ch1);
1411 		cmdtxtdogroup(n->nbinary.ch2);
1412 		break;
1413 	case NUNTIL:
1414 		cmdputs("until ");
1415 		cmdtxt(n->nbinary.ch1);
1416 		cmdtxtdogroup(n->nbinary.ch2);
1417 		break;
1418 	case NFOR:
1419 		cmdputs("for ");
1420 		cmdputs(n->nfor.var);
1421 		cmdputs(" in ...");
1422 		break;
1423 	case NCASE:
1424 		cmdputs("case ");
1425 		cmdputs(n->ncase.expr->narg.text);
1426 		cmdputs(" in ...");
1427 		break;
1428 	case NDEFUN:
1429 		cmdputs(n->narg.text);
1430 		cmdputs("() ...");
1431 		break;
1432 	case NNOT:
1433 		cmdputs("! ");
1434 		cmdtxt(n->nnot.com);
1435 		break;
1436 	case NCMD:
1437 		for (np = n->ncmd.args ; np ; np = np->narg.next) {
1438 			cmdtxt(np);
1439 			if (np->narg.next)
1440 				cmdputs(" ");
1441 		}
1442 		for (np = n->ncmd.redirect ; np ; np = np->nfile.next) {
1443 			cmdputs(" ");
1444 			cmdtxt(np);
1445 		}
1446 		break;
1447 	case NARG:
1448 		cmdputs(n->narg.text);
1449 		break;
1450 	case NTO:
1451 		cmdtxtredir(n, ">", 1);
1452 		break;
1453 	case NAPPEND:
1454 		cmdtxtredir(n, ">>", 1);
1455 		break;
1456 	case NTOFD:
1457 		cmdtxtredir(n, ">&", 1);
1458 		break;
1459 	case NCLOBBER:
1460 		cmdtxtredir(n, ">|", 1);
1461 		break;
1462 	case NFROM:
1463 		cmdtxtredir(n, "<", 0);
1464 		break;
1465 	case NFROMTO:
1466 		cmdtxtredir(n, "<>", 0);
1467 		break;
1468 	case NFROMFD:
1469 		cmdtxtredir(n, "<&", 0);
1470 		break;
1471 	case NHERE:
1472 	case NXHERE:
1473 		cmdputs("<<...");
1474 		break;
1475 	default:
1476 		cmdputs("???");
1477 		break;
1478 	}
1479 }
1480 
1481 
1482 
1483 static void
1484 cmdputs(const char *s)
1485 {
1486 	const char *p;
1487 	char *q;
1488 	char c;
1489 	int subtype = 0;
1490 
1491 	if (cmdnleft <= 0)
1492 		return;
1493 	p = s;
1494 	q = cmdnextc;
1495 	while ((c = *p++) != '\0') {
1496 		if (c == CTLESC)
1497 			*q++ = *p++;
1498 		else if (c == CTLVAR) {
1499 			*q++ = '$';
1500 			if (--cmdnleft > 0)
1501 				*q++ = '{';
1502 			subtype = *p++;
1503 			if ((subtype & VSTYPE) == VSLENGTH && --cmdnleft > 0)
1504 				*q++ = '#';
1505 		} else if (c == '=' && subtype != 0) {
1506 			*q = "}-+?=##%%\0X"[(subtype & VSTYPE) - VSNORMAL];
1507 			if (*q)
1508 				q++;
1509 			else
1510 				cmdnleft++;
1511 			if (((subtype & VSTYPE) == VSTRIMLEFTMAX ||
1512 			    (subtype & VSTYPE) == VSTRIMRIGHTMAX) &&
1513 			    --cmdnleft > 0)
1514 				*q = q[-1], q++;
1515 			subtype = 0;
1516 		} else if (c == CTLENDVAR) {
1517 			*q++ = '}';
1518 		} else if (c == CTLBACKQ || c == CTLBACKQ+CTLQUOTE) {
1519 			cmdnleft -= 5;
1520 			if (cmdnleft > 0) {
1521 				*q++ = '$';
1522 				*q++ = '(';
1523 				*q++ = '.';
1524 				*q++ = '.';
1525 				*q++ = '.';
1526 				*q++ = ')';
1527 			}
1528 		} else if (c == CTLARI) {
1529 			cmdnleft -= 2;
1530 			if (cmdnleft > 0) {
1531 				*q++ = '$';
1532 				*q++ = '(';
1533 				*q++ = '(';
1534 			}
1535 			p++;
1536 		} else if (c == CTLENDARI) {
1537 			if (--cmdnleft > 0) {
1538 				*q++ = ')';
1539 				*q++ = ')';
1540 			}
1541 		} else if (c == CTLQUOTEMARK || c == CTLQUOTEEND)
1542 			cmdnleft++; /* ignore */
1543 		else
1544 			*q++ = c;
1545 		if (--cmdnleft <= 0) {
1546 			*q++ = '.';
1547 			*q++ = '.';
1548 			*q++ = '.';
1549 			break;
1550 		}
1551 	}
1552 	cmdnextc = q;
1553 }
1554