xref: /freebsd/bin/sh/eval.c (revision 566a751354a439384a12dd3f4b43ff3b55ddf9a8)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6  * Kenneth Almquist.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
17  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18  *    without specific prior written permission.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30  * SUCH DAMAGE.
31  */
32 
33 #ifndef lint
34 #if 0
35 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)eval.c	8.9 (Berkeley) 6/8/95";
36 #endif
37 #endif /* not lint */
38 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
39 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
40 
41 #include <paths.h>
42 #include <signal.h>
43 #include <stdlib.h>
44 #include <unistd.h>
45 #include <sys/resource.h>
46 #include <sys/wait.h> /* For WIFSIGNALED(status) */
47 #include <errno.h>
48 
49 /*
50  * Evaluate a command.
51  */
52 
53 #include "shell.h"
54 #include "nodes.h"
55 #include "syntax.h"
56 #include "expand.h"
57 #include "parser.h"
58 #include "jobs.h"
59 #include "eval.h"
60 #include "builtins.h"
61 #include "options.h"
62 #include "exec.h"
63 #include "redir.h"
64 #include "input.h"
65 #include "output.h"
66 #include "trap.h"
67 #include "var.h"
68 #include "memalloc.h"
69 #include "error.h"
70 #include "show.h"
71 #include "mystring.h"
72 #ifndef NO_HISTORY
73 #include "myhistedit.h"
74 #endif
75 
76 
77 MKINIT int evalskip;		/* set if we are skipping commands */
78 STATIC int skipcount;		/* number of levels to skip */
79 MKINIT int loopnest;		/* current loop nesting level */
80 int funcnest;			/* depth of function calls */
81 STATIC int builtin_flags;	/* evalcommand flags for builtins */
82 
83 
84 char *commandname;
85 struct strlist *cmdenviron;
86 int exitstatus;			/* exit status of last command */
87 int oexitstatus;		/* saved exit status */
88 
89 
90 STATIC void evalloop(union node *, int);
91 STATIC void evalfor(union node *, int);
92 STATIC void evalcase(union node *, int);
93 STATIC void evalsubshell(union node *, int);
94 STATIC void expredir(union node *);
95 STATIC void evalpipe(union node *);
96 STATIC void evalcommand(union node *, int, struct backcmd *);
97 STATIC void prehash(union node *);
98 
99 
100 /*
101  * Called to reset things after an exception.
102  */
103 
104 #ifdef mkinit
105 INCLUDE "eval.h"
106 
107 RESET {
108 	evalskip = 0;
109 	loopnest = 0;
110 	funcnest = 0;
111 }
112 
113 SHELLPROC {
114 	exitstatus = 0;
115 }
116 #endif
117 
118 
119 
120 /*
121  * The eval command.
122  */
123 
124 int
125 evalcmd(int argc, char **argv)
126 {
127         char *p;
128         char *concat;
129         char **ap;
130 
131         if (argc > 1) {
132                 p = argv[1];
133                 if (argc > 2) {
134                         STARTSTACKSTR(concat);
135                         ap = argv + 2;
136                         for (;;) {
137                                 while (*p)
138                                         STPUTC(*p++, concat);
139                                 if ((p = *ap++) == NULL)
140                                         break;
141                                 STPUTC(' ', concat);
142                         }
143                         STPUTC('\0', concat);
144                         p = grabstackstr(concat);
145                 }
146                 evalstring(p, builtin_flags & EV_TESTED);
147         }
148         return exitstatus;
149 }
150 
151 
152 /*
153  * Execute a command or commands contained in a string.
154  */
155 
156 void
157 evalstring(char *s, int flags)
158 {
159 	union node *n;
160 	struct stackmark smark;
161 	int flags_exit;
162 
163 	flags_exit = flags & EV_EXIT;
164 	flags &= ~EV_EXIT;
165 	setstackmark(&smark);
166 	setinputstring(s, 1);
167 	while ((n = parsecmd(0)) != NEOF) {
168 		if (n != NULL) {
169 			if (flags_exit && preadateof())
170 				evaltree(n, flags | EV_EXIT);
171 			else
172 				evaltree(n, flags);
173 		}
174 		popstackmark(&smark);
175 	}
176 	popfile();
177 	popstackmark(&smark);
178 	if (flags_exit)
179 		exitshell(exitstatus);
180 }
181 
182 
183 /*
184  * Evaluate a parse tree.  The value is left in the global variable
185  * exitstatus.
186  */
187 
188 void
189 evaltree(union node *n, int flags)
190 {
191 	int do_etest;
192 
193 	do_etest = 0;
194 	if (n == NULL) {
195 		TRACE(("evaltree(NULL) called\n"));
196 		exitstatus = 0;
197 		goto out;
198 	}
199 #ifndef NO_HISTORY
200 	displayhist = 1;	/* show history substitutions done with fc */
201 #endif
202 	TRACE(("evaltree(%p: %d) called\n", (void *)n, n->type));
203 	switch (n->type) {
204 	case NSEMI:
205 		evaltree(n->nbinary.ch1, flags & ~EV_EXIT);
206 		if (evalskip)
207 			goto out;
208 		evaltree(n->nbinary.ch2, flags);
209 		break;
210 	case NAND:
211 		evaltree(n->nbinary.ch1, EV_TESTED);
212 		if (evalskip || exitstatus != 0) {
213 			goto out;
214 		}
215 		evaltree(n->nbinary.ch2, flags);
216 		break;
217 	case NOR:
218 		evaltree(n->nbinary.ch1, EV_TESTED);
219 		if (evalskip || exitstatus == 0)
220 			goto out;
221 		evaltree(n->nbinary.ch2, flags);
222 		break;
223 	case NREDIR:
224 		expredir(n->nredir.redirect);
225 		redirect(n->nredir.redirect, REDIR_PUSH);
226 		evaltree(n->nredir.n, flags);
227 		popredir();
228 		break;
229 	case NSUBSHELL:
230 		evalsubshell(n, flags);
231 		do_etest = !(flags & EV_TESTED);
232 		break;
233 	case NBACKGND:
234 		evalsubshell(n, flags);
235 		break;
236 	case NIF: {
237 		evaltree(n->nif.test, EV_TESTED);
238 		if (evalskip)
239 			goto out;
240 		if (exitstatus == 0)
241 			evaltree(n->nif.ifpart, flags);
242 		else if (n->nif.elsepart)
243 			evaltree(n->nif.elsepart, flags);
244 		else
245 			exitstatus = 0;
246 		break;
247 	}
248 	case NWHILE:
249 	case NUNTIL:
250 		evalloop(n, flags & ~EV_EXIT);
251 		break;
252 	case NFOR:
253 		evalfor(n, flags & ~EV_EXIT);
254 		break;
255 	case NCASE:
256 		evalcase(n, flags);
257 		break;
258 	case NDEFUN:
259 		defun(n->narg.text, n->narg.next);
260 		exitstatus = 0;
261 		break;
262 	case NNOT:
263 		evaltree(n->nnot.com, EV_TESTED);
264 		exitstatus = !exitstatus;
265 		break;
266 
267 	case NPIPE:
268 		evalpipe(n);
269 		do_etest = !(flags & EV_TESTED);
270 		break;
271 	case NCMD:
272 		evalcommand(n, flags, (struct backcmd *)NULL);
273 		do_etest = !(flags & EV_TESTED);
274 		break;
275 	default:
276 		out1fmt("Node type = %d\n", n->type);
277 		flushout(&output);
278 		break;
279 	}
280 out:
281 	if (pendingsigs)
282 		dotrap();
283 	if ((flags & EV_EXIT) || (eflag && exitstatus != 0 && do_etest))
284 		exitshell(exitstatus);
285 }
286 
287 
288 STATIC void
289 evalloop(union node *n, int flags)
290 {
291 	int status;
292 
293 	loopnest++;
294 	status = 0;
295 	for (;;) {
296 		evaltree(n->nbinary.ch1, EV_TESTED);
297 		if (evalskip) {
298 skipping:	  if (evalskip == SKIPCONT && --skipcount <= 0) {
299 				evalskip = 0;
300 				continue;
301 			}
302 			if (evalskip == SKIPBREAK && --skipcount <= 0)
303 				evalskip = 0;
304 			break;
305 		}
306 		if (n->type == NWHILE) {
307 			if (exitstatus != 0)
308 				break;
309 		} else {
310 			if (exitstatus == 0)
311 				break;
312 		}
313 		evaltree(n->nbinary.ch2, flags);
314 		status = exitstatus;
315 		if (evalskip)
316 			goto skipping;
317 	}
318 	loopnest--;
319 	exitstatus = status;
320 }
321 
322 
323 
324 STATIC void
325 evalfor(union node *n, int flags)
326 {
327 	struct arglist arglist;
328 	union node *argp;
329 	struct strlist *sp;
330 	struct stackmark smark;
331 
332 	setstackmark(&smark);
333 	arglist.lastp = &arglist.list;
334 	for (argp = n->nfor.args ; argp ; argp = argp->narg.next) {
335 		oexitstatus = exitstatus;
336 		expandarg(argp, &arglist, EXP_FULL | EXP_TILDE);
337 		if (evalskip)
338 			goto out;
339 	}
340 	*arglist.lastp = NULL;
341 
342 	exitstatus = 0;
343 	loopnest++;
344 	for (sp = arglist.list ; sp ; sp = sp->next) {
345 		setvar(n->nfor.var, sp->text, 0);
346 		evaltree(n->nfor.body, flags);
347 		if (evalskip) {
348 			if (evalskip == SKIPCONT && --skipcount <= 0) {
349 				evalskip = 0;
350 				continue;
351 			}
352 			if (evalskip == SKIPBREAK && --skipcount <= 0)
353 				evalskip = 0;
354 			break;
355 		}
356 	}
357 	loopnest--;
358 out:
359 	popstackmark(&smark);
360 }
361 
362 
363 
364 STATIC void
365 evalcase(union node *n, int flags)
366 {
367 	union node *cp;
368 	union node *patp;
369 	struct arglist arglist;
370 	struct stackmark smark;
371 
372 	setstackmark(&smark);
373 	arglist.lastp = &arglist.list;
374 	oexitstatus = exitstatus;
375 	exitstatus = 0;
376 	expandarg(n->ncase.expr, &arglist, EXP_TILDE);
377 	for (cp = n->ncase.cases ; cp && evalskip == 0 ; cp = cp->nclist.next) {
378 		for (patp = cp->nclist.pattern ; patp ; patp = patp->narg.next) {
379 			if (casematch(patp, arglist.list->text)) {
380 				if (evalskip == 0) {
381 					evaltree(cp->nclist.body, flags);
382 				}
383 				goto out;
384 			}
385 		}
386 	}
387 out:
388 	popstackmark(&smark);
389 }
390 
391 
392 
393 /*
394  * Kick off a subshell to evaluate a tree.
395  */
396 
397 STATIC void
398 evalsubshell(union node *n, int flags)
399 {
400 	struct job *jp;
401 	int backgnd = (n->type == NBACKGND);
402 
403 	expredir(n->nredir.redirect);
404 	if ((!backgnd && flags & EV_EXIT && !have_traps()) ||
405 			forkshell(jp = makejob(n, 1), n, backgnd) == 0) {
406 		if (backgnd)
407 			flags &=~ EV_TESTED;
408 		redirect(n->nredir.redirect, 0);
409 		evaltree(n->nredir.n, flags | EV_EXIT);	/* never returns */
410 	}
411 	if (! backgnd) {
412 		INTOFF;
413 		exitstatus = waitforjob(jp, (int *)NULL);
414 		INTON;
415 	}
416 }
417 
418 
419 
420 /*
421  * Compute the names of the files in a redirection list.
422  */
423 
424 STATIC void
425 expredir(union node *n)
426 {
427 	union node *redir;
428 
429 	for (redir = n ; redir ; redir = redir->nfile.next) {
430 		struct arglist fn;
431 		fn.lastp = &fn.list;
432 		oexitstatus = exitstatus;
433 		switch (redir->type) {
434 		case NFROM:
435 		case NTO:
436 		case NFROMTO:
437 		case NAPPEND:
438 		case NCLOBBER:
439 			expandarg(redir->nfile.fname, &fn, EXP_TILDE | EXP_REDIR);
440 			redir->nfile.expfname = fn.list->text;
441 			break;
442 		case NFROMFD:
443 		case NTOFD:
444 			if (redir->ndup.vname) {
445 				expandarg(redir->ndup.vname, &fn, EXP_TILDE | EXP_REDIR);
446 				fixredir(redir, fn.list->text, 1);
447 			}
448 			break;
449 		}
450 	}
451 }
452 
453 
454 
455 /*
456  * Evaluate a pipeline.  All the processes in the pipeline are children
457  * of the process creating the pipeline.  (This differs from some versions
458  * of the shell, which make the last process in a pipeline the parent
459  * of all the rest.)
460  */
461 
462 STATIC void
463 evalpipe(union node *n)
464 {
465 	struct job *jp;
466 	struct nodelist *lp;
467 	int pipelen;
468 	int prevfd;
469 	int pip[2];
470 
471 	TRACE(("evalpipe(%p) called\n", (void *)n));
472 	pipelen = 0;
473 	for (lp = n->npipe.cmdlist ; lp ; lp = lp->next)
474 		pipelen++;
475 	INTOFF;
476 	jp = makejob(n, pipelen);
477 	prevfd = -1;
478 	for (lp = n->npipe.cmdlist ; lp ; lp = lp->next) {
479 		prehash(lp->n);
480 		pip[1] = -1;
481 		if (lp->next) {
482 			if (pipe(pip) < 0) {
483 				close(prevfd);
484 				error("Pipe call failed: %s", strerror(errno));
485 			}
486 		}
487 		if (forkshell(jp, lp->n, n->npipe.backgnd) == 0) {
488 			INTON;
489 			if (prevfd > 0) {
490 				dup2(prevfd, 0);
491 				close(prevfd);
492 			}
493 			if (pip[1] >= 0) {
494 				if (!(prevfd >= 0 && pip[0] == 0))
495 					close(pip[0]);
496 				if (pip[1] != 1) {
497 					dup2(pip[1], 1);
498 					close(pip[1]);
499 				}
500 			}
501 			evaltree(lp->n, EV_EXIT);
502 		}
503 		if (prevfd >= 0)
504 			close(prevfd);
505 		prevfd = pip[0];
506 		close(pip[1]);
507 	}
508 	INTON;
509 	if (n->npipe.backgnd == 0) {
510 		INTOFF;
511 		exitstatus = waitforjob(jp, (int *)NULL);
512 		TRACE(("evalpipe:  job done exit status %d\n", exitstatus));
513 		INTON;
514 	}
515 }
516 
517 
518 
519 /*
520  * Execute a command inside back quotes.  If it's a builtin command, we
521  * want to save its output in a block obtained from malloc.  Otherwise
522  * we fork off a subprocess and get the output of the command via a pipe.
523  * Should be called with interrupts off.
524  */
525 
526 void
527 evalbackcmd(union node *n, struct backcmd *result)
528 {
529 	int pip[2];
530 	struct job *jp;
531 	struct stackmark smark;		/* unnecessary */
532 
533 	setstackmark(&smark);
534 	result->fd = -1;
535 	result->buf = NULL;
536 	result->nleft = 0;
537 	result->jp = NULL;
538 	if (n == NULL) {
539 		exitstatus = 0;
540 		goto out;
541 	}
542 	if (n->type == NCMD) {
543 		exitstatus = oexitstatus;
544 		evalcommand(n, EV_BACKCMD, result);
545 	} else {
546 		exitstatus = 0;
547 		if (pipe(pip) < 0)
548 			error("Pipe call failed: %s", strerror(errno));
549 		jp = makejob(n, 1);
550 		if (forkshell(jp, n, FORK_NOJOB) == 0) {
551 			FORCEINTON;
552 			close(pip[0]);
553 			if (pip[1] != 1) {
554 				dup2(pip[1], 1);
555 				close(pip[1]);
556 			}
557 			evaltree(n, EV_EXIT);
558 		}
559 		close(pip[1]);
560 		result->fd = pip[0];
561 		result->jp = jp;
562 	}
563 out:
564 	popstackmark(&smark);
565 	TRACE(("evalbackcmd done: fd=%d buf=%p nleft=%d jp=%p\n",
566 		result->fd, result->buf, result->nleft, result->jp));
567 }
568 
569 
570 
571 /*
572  * Execute a simple command.
573  */
574 
575 STATIC void
576 evalcommand(union node *cmd, int flags, struct backcmd *backcmd)
577 {
578 	struct stackmark smark;
579 	union node *argp;
580 	struct arglist arglist;
581 	struct arglist varlist;
582 	char **argv;
583 	int argc;
584 	char **envp;
585 	int varflag;
586 	struct strlist *sp;
587 	int mode;
588 	int pip[2];
589 	struct cmdentry cmdentry;
590 	struct job *jp;
591 	struct jmploc jmploc;
592 	struct jmploc *savehandler;
593 	char *savecmdname;
594 	struct shparam saveparam;
595 	struct localvar *savelocalvars;
596 	struct parsefile *savetopfile;
597 	volatile int e;
598 	char *lastarg;
599 	int realstatus;
600 	int do_clearcmdentry;
601 
602 	/* First expand the arguments. */
603 	TRACE(("evalcommand(%p, %d) called\n", (void *)cmd, flags));
604 	setstackmark(&smark);
605 	arglist.lastp = &arglist.list;
606 	varlist.lastp = &varlist.list;
607 	varflag = 1;
608 	do_clearcmdentry = 0;
609 	oexitstatus = exitstatus;
610 	exitstatus = 0;
611 	for (argp = cmd->ncmd.args ; argp ; argp = argp->narg.next) {
612 		char *p = argp->narg.text;
613 		if (varflag && is_name(*p)) {
614 			do {
615 				p++;
616 			} while (is_in_name(*p));
617 			if (*p == '=') {
618 				expandarg(argp, &varlist, EXP_VARTILDE);
619 				continue;
620 			}
621 		}
622 		expandarg(argp, &arglist, EXP_FULL | EXP_TILDE);
623 		varflag = 0;
624 	}
625 	*arglist.lastp = NULL;
626 	*varlist.lastp = NULL;
627 	expredir(cmd->ncmd.redirect);
628 	argc = 0;
629 	for (sp = arglist.list ; sp ; sp = sp->next)
630 		argc++;
631 	argv = stalloc(sizeof (char *) * (argc + 1));
632 
633 	for (sp = arglist.list ; sp ; sp = sp->next) {
634 		TRACE(("evalcommand arg: %s\n", sp->text));
635 		*argv++ = sp->text;
636 	}
637 	*argv = NULL;
638 	lastarg = NULL;
639 	if (iflag && funcnest == 0 && argc > 0)
640 		lastarg = argv[-1];
641 	argv -= argc;
642 
643 	/* Print the command if xflag is set. */
644 	if (xflag) {
645 		char sep = 0;
646 		const char *p;
647 		out2str(ps4val());
648 		for (sp = varlist.list ; sp ; sp = sp->next) {
649 			if (sep != 0)
650 				outc(' ', &errout);
651 			p = sp->text;
652 			while (*p != '=' && *p != '\0')
653 				out2c(*p++);
654 			if (*p != '\0') {
655 				out2c(*p++);
656 				out2qstr(p);
657 			}
658 			sep = ' ';
659 		}
660 		for (sp = arglist.list ; sp ; sp = sp->next) {
661 			if (sep != 0)
662 				outc(' ', &errout);
663 			/* Disambiguate command looking like assignment. */
664 			if (sp == arglist.list &&
665 					strchr(sp->text, '=') != NULL &&
666 					strchr(sp->text, '\'') == NULL) {
667 				out2c('\'');
668 				out2str(sp->text);
669 				out2c('\'');
670 			} else
671 				out2qstr(sp->text);
672 			sep = ' ';
673 		}
674 		outc('\n', &errout);
675 		flushout(&errout);
676 	}
677 
678 	/* Now locate the command. */
679 	if (argc == 0) {
680 		/* Variable assignment(s) without command */
681 		cmdentry.cmdtype = CMDBUILTIN;
682 		cmdentry.u.index = BLTINCMD;
683 		cmdentry.special = 1;
684 	} else {
685 		static const char PATH[] = "PATH=";
686 		char *path = pathval();
687 
688 		/*
689 		 * Modify the command lookup path, if a PATH= assignment
690 		 * is present
691 		 */
692 		for (sp = varlist.list ; sp ; sp = sp->next)
693 			if (strncmp(sp->text, PATH, sizeof(PATH) - 1) == 0) {
694 				path = sp->text + sizeof(PATH) - 1;
695 				/*
696 				 * On `PATH=... command`, we need to make
697 				 * sure that the command isn't using the
698 				 * non-updated hash table of the outer PATH
699 				 * setting and we need to make sure that
700 				 * the hash table isn't filled with items
701 				 * from the temporary setting.
702 				 *
703 				 * It would be better to forbit using and
704 				 * updating the table while this command
705 				 * runs, by the command finding mechanism
706 				 * is heavily integrated with hash handling,
707 				 * so we just delete the hash before and after
708 				 * the command runs. Partly deleting like
709 				 * changepatch() does doesn't seem worth the
710 				 * bookinging effort, since most such runs add
711 				 * directories in front of the new PATH.
712 				 */
713 				clearcmdentry(0);
714 				do_clearcmdentry = 1;
715 			}
716 
717 		find_command(argv[0], &cmdentry, 0, path);
718 		/* implement the bltin builtin here */
719 		if (cmdentry.cmdtype == CMDBUILTIN && cmdentry.u.index == BLTINCMD) {
720 			for (;;) {
721 				argv++;
722 				if (--argc == 0)
723 					break;
724 				if ((cmdentry.u.index = find_builtin(*argv,
725 				    &cmdentry.special)) < 0) {
726 					outfmt(&errout, "%s: not found\n", *argv);
727 					exitstatus = 127;
728 					flushout(&errout);
729 					return;
730 				}
731 				if (cmdentry.u.index != BLTINCMD)
732 					break;
733 			}
734 		}
735 	}
736 
737 	/* Fork off a child process if necessary. */
738 	if (cmd->ncmd.backgnd
739 	 || ((cmdentry.cmdtype == CMDNORMAL || cmdentry.cmdtype == CMDUNKNOWN)
740 	    && ((flags & EV_EXIT) == 0 || have_traps()))
741 	 || ((flags & EV_BACKCMD) != 0
742 	    && (cmdentry.cmdtype != CMDBUILTIN
743 		 || cmdentry.u.index == CDCMD
744 		 || cmdentry.u.index == DOTCMD
745 		 || cmdentry.u.index == EVALCMD))
746 	 || (cmdentry.cmdtype == CMDBUILTIN &&
747 	    cmdentry.u.index == COMMANDCMD)) {
748 		jp = makejob(cmd, 1);
749 		mode = cmd->ncmd.backgnd;
750 		if (flags & EV_BACKCMD) {
751 			mode = FORK_NOJOB;
752 			if (pipe(pip) < 0)
753 				error("Pipe call failed: %s", strerror(errno));
754 		}
755 		if (forkshell(jp, cmd, mode) != 0)
756 			goto parent;	/* at end of routine */
757 		if (flags & EV_BACKCMD) {
758 			FORCEINTON;
759 			close(pip[0]);
760 			if (pip[1] != 1) {
761 				dup2(pip[1], 1);
762 				close(pip[1]);
763 			}
764 		}
765 		flags |= EV_EXIT;
766 	}
767 
768 	/* This is the child process if a fork occurred. */
769 	/* Execute the command. */
770 	if (cmdentry.cmdtype == CMDFUNCTION) {
771 #ifdef DEBUG
772 		trputs("Shell function:  ");  trargs(argv);
773 #endif
774 		redirect(cmd->ncmd.redirect, REDIR_PUSH);
775 		saveparam = shellparam;
776 		shellparam.malloc = 0;
777 		shellparam.reset = 1;
778 		shellparam.nparam = argc - 1;
779 		shellparam.p = argv + 1;
780 		shellparam.optnext = NULL;
781 		INTOFF;
782 		savelocalvars = localvars;
783 		localvars = NULL;
784 		reffunc(cmdentry.u.func);
785 		savehandler = handler;
786 		if (setjmp(jmploc.loc)) {
787 			if (exception == EXSHELLPROC)
788 				freeparam(&saveparam);
789 			else {
790 				freeparam(&shellparam);
791 				shellparam = saveparam;
792 			}
793 			unreffunc(cmdentry.u.func);
794 			poplocalvars();
795 			localvars = savelocalvars;
796 			handler = savehandler;
797 			longjmp(handler->loc, 1);
798 		}
799 		handler = &jmploc;
800 		INTON;
801 		for (sp = varlist.list ; sp ; sp = sp->next)
802 			mklocal(sp->text);
803 		funcnest++;
804 		exitstatus = oexitstatus;
805 		if (flags & EV_TESTED)
806 			evaltree(getfuncnode(cmdentry.u.func), EV_TESTED);
807 		else
808 			evaltree(getfuncnode(cmdentry.u.func), 0);
809 		funcnest--;
810 		INTOFF;
811 		unreffunc(cmdentry.u.func);
812 		poplocalvars();
813 		localvars = savelocalvars;
814 		freeparam(&shellparam);
815 		shellparam = saveparam;
816 		handler = savehandler;
817 		popredir();
818 		INTON;
819 		if (evalskip == SKIPFUNC) {
820 			evalskip = 0;
821 			skipcount = 0;
822 		}
823 		if (flags & EV_EXIT)
824 			exitshell(exitstatus);
825 	} else if (cmdentry.cmdtype == CMDBUILTIN) {
826 #ifdef DEBUG
827 		trputs("builtin command:  ");  trargs(argv);
828 #endif
829 		mode = (cmdentry.u.index == EXECCMD)? 0 : REDIR_PUSH;
830 		if (flags == EV_BACKCMD) {
831 			memout.nleft = 0;
832 			memout.nextc = memout.buf;
833 			memout.bufsize = 64;
834 			mode |= REDIR_BACKQ;
835 		}
836 		savecmdname = commandname;
837 		savetopfile = getcurrentfile();
838 		cmdenviron = varlist.list;
839 		e = -1;
840 		savehandler = handler;
841 		if (setjmp(jmploc.loc)) {
842 			e = exception;
843 			exitstatus = (e == EXINT)? SIGINT+128 : 2;
844 			goto cmddone;
845 		}
846 		handler = &jmploc;
847 		redirect(cmd->ncmd.redirect, mode);
848 		if (cmdentry.special)
849 			listsetvar(cmdenviron);
850 		commandname = argv[0];
851 		argptr = argv + 1;
852 		optptr = NULL;			/* initialize nextopt */
853 		builtin_flags = flags;
854 		exitstatus = (*builtinfunc[cmdentry.u.index])(argc, argv);
855 		flushall();
856 cmddone:
857 		cmdenviron = NULL;
858 		out1 = &output;
859 		out2 = &errout;
860 		freestdout();
861 		if (e != EXSHELLPROC) {
862 			commandname = savecmdname;
863 			if (flags & EV_EXIT) {
864 				exitshell(exitstatus);
865 			}
866 		}
867 		handler = savehandler;
868 		if (e != -1) {
869 			if ((e != EXERROR && e != EXEXEC)
870 			    || cmdentry.special)
871 				exraise(e);
872 			popfilesupto(savetopfile);
873 			FORCEINTON;
874 		}
875 		if (cmdentry.u.index != EXECCMD)
876 			popredir();
877 		if (flags == EV_BACKCMD) {
878 			backcmd->buf = memout.buf;
879 			backcmd->nleft = memout.nextc - memout.buf;
880 			memout.buf = NULL;
881 		}
882 	} else {
883 #ifdef DEBUG
884 		trputs("normal command:  ");  trargs(argv);
885 #endif
886 		redirect(cmd->ncmd.redirect, 0);
887 		for (sp = varlist.list ; sp ; sp = sp->next)
888 			setvareq(sp->text, VEXPORT|VSTACK);
889 		envp = environment();
890 		shellexec(argv, envp, pathval(), cmdentry.u.index);
891 		/*NOTREACHED*/
892 	}
893 	goto out;
894 
895 parent:	/* parent process gets here (if we forked) */
896 	if (mode == 0) {	/* argument to fork */
897 		INTOFF;
898 		exitstatus = waitforjob(jp, &realstatus);
899 		INTON;
900 		if (iflag && loopnest > 0 && WIFSIGNALED(realstatus)) {
901 			evalskip = SKIPBREAK;
902 			skipcount = loopnest;
903 		}
904 	} else if (mode == 2) {
905 		backcmd->fd = pip[0];
906 		close(pip[1]);
907 		backcmd->jp = jp;
908 	}
909 
910 out:
911 	if (lastarg)
912 		setvar("_", lastarg, 0);
913 	if (do_clearcmdentry)
914 		clearcmdentry(0);
915 	popstackmark(&smark);
916 }
917 
918 
919 
920 /*
921  * Search for a command.  This is called before we fork so that the
922  * location of the command will be available in the parent as well as
923  * the child.  The check for "goodname" is an overly conservative
924  * check that the name will not be subject to expansion.
925  */
926 
927 STATIC void
928 prehash(union node *n)
929 {
930 	struct cmdentry entry;
931 
932 	if (n && n->type == NCMD && n->ncmd.args)
933 		if (goodname(n->ncmd.args->narg.text))
934 			find_command(n->ncmd.args->narg.text, &entry, 0,
935 				     pathval());
936 }
937 
938 
939 
940 /*
941  * Builtin commands.  Builtin commands whose functions are closely
942  * tied to evaluation are implemented here.
943  */
944 
945 /*
946  * No command given, or a bltin command with no arguments.
947  */
948 
949 int
950 bltincmd(int argc __unused, char **argv __unused)
951 {
952 	/*
953 	 * Preserve exitstatus of a previous possible redirection
954 	 * as POSIX mandates
955 	 */
956 	return exitstatus;
957 }
958 
959 
960 /*
961  * Handle break and continue commands.  Break, continue, and return are
962  * all handled by setting the evalskip flag.  The evaluation routines
963  * above all check this flag, and if it is set they start skipping
964  * commands rather than executing them.  The variable skipcount is
965  * the number of loops to break/continue, or the number of function
966  * levels to return.  (The latter is always 1.)  It should probably
967  * be an error to break out of more loops than exist, but it isn't
968  * in the standard shell so we don't make it one here.
969  */
970 
971 int
972 breakcmd(int argc, char **argv)
973 {
974 	int n = argc > 1 ? number(argv[1]) : 1;
975 
976 	if (n > loopnest)
977 		n = loopnest;
978 	if (n > 0) {
979 		evalskip = (**argv == 'c')? SKIPCONT : SKIPBREAK;
980 		skipcount = n;
981 	}
982 	return 0;
983 }
984 
985 /*
986  * The `command' command.
987  */
988 int
989 commandcmd(int argc, char **argv)
990 {
991 	static char stdpath[] = _PATH_STDPATH;
992 	struct jmploc loc, *old;
993 	struct strlist *sp;
994 	char *path;
995 	int ch;
996 	int cmd = -1;
997 
998 	for (sp = cmdenviron; sp ; sp = sp->next)
999 		setvareq(sp->text, VEXPORT|VSTACK);
1000 	path = pathval();
1001 
1002 	optind = optreset = 1;
1003 	opterr = 0;
1004 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "pvV")) != -1) {
1005 		switch (ch) {
1006 		case 'p':
1007 			path = stdpath;
1008 			break;
1009 		case 'v':
1010 			cmd = TYPECMD_SMALLV;
1011 			break;
1012 		case 'V':
1013 			cmd = TYPECMD_BIGV;
1014 			break;
1015 		case '?':
1016 		default:
1017 			error("unknown option: -%c", optopt);
1018 		}
1019 	}
1020 	argc -= optind;
1021 	argv += optind;
1022 
1023 	if (cmd != -1) {
1024 		if (argc != 1)
1025 			error("wrong number of arguments");
1026 		return typecmd_impl(2, argv - 1, cmd);
1027 	}
1028 	if (argc != 0) {
1029 		old = handler;
1030 		handler = &loc;
1031 		if (setjmp(handler->loc) == 0)
1032 			shellexec(argv, environment(), path, 0);
1033 		handler = old;
1034 		if (exception == EXEXEC)
1035 			exit(exerrno);
1036 		exraise(exception);
1037 	}
1038 
1039 	/*
1040 	 * Do nothing successfully if no command was specified;
1041 	 * ksh also does this.
1042 	 */
1043 	exit(0);
1044 }
1045 
1046 
1047 /*
1048  * The return command.
1049  */
1050 
1051 int
1052 returncmd(int argc, char **argv)
1053 {
1054 	int ret = argc > 1 ? number(argv[1]) : oexitstatus;
1055 
1056 	if (funcnest) {
1057 		evalskip = SKIPFUNC;
1058 		skipcount = 1;
1059 	} else {
1060 		/* skip the rest of the file */
1061 		evalskip = SKIPFILE;
1062 		skipcount = 1;
1063 	}
1064 	return ret;
1065 }
1066 
1067 
1068 int
1069 falsecmd(int argc __unused, char **argv __unused)
1070 {
1071 	return 1;
1072 }
1073 
1074 
1075 int
1076 truecmd(int argc __unused, char **argv __unused)
1077 {
1078 	return 0;
1079 }
1080 
1081 
1082 int
1083 execcmd(int argc, char **argv)
1084 {
1085 	if (argc > 1) {
1086 		struct strlist *sp;
1087 
1088 		iflag = 0;		/* exit on error */
1089 		mflag = 0;
1090 		optschanged();
1091 		for (sp = cmdenviron; sp ; sp = sp->next)
1092 			setvareq(sp->text, VEXPORT|VSTACK);
1093 		shellexec(argv + 1, environment(), pathval(), 0);
1094 
1095 	}
1096 	return 0;
1097 }
1098 
1099 
1100 int
1101 timescmd(int argc __unused, char **argv __unused)
1102 {
1103 	struct rusage ru;
1104 	long shumins, shsmins, chumins, chsmins;
1105 	double shusecs, shssecs, chusecs, chssecs;
1106 
1107 	if (getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &ru) < 0)
1108 		return 1;
1109 	shumins = ru.ru_utime.tv_sec / 60;
1110 	shusecs = ru.ru_utime.tv_sec % 60 + ru.ru_utime.tv_usec / 1000000.;
1111 	shsmins = ru.ru_stime.tv_sec / 60;
1112 	shssecs = ru.ru_stime.tv_sec % 60 + ru.ru_stime.tv_usec / 1000000.;
1113 	if (getrusage(RUSAGE_CHILDREN, &ru) < 0)
1114 		return 1;
1115 	chumins = ru.ru_utime.tv_sec / 60;
1116 	chusecs = ru.ru_utime.tv_sec % 60 + ru.ru_utime.tv_usec / 1000000.;
1117 	chsmins = ru.ru_stime.tv_sec / 60;
1118 	chssecs = ru.ru_stime.tv_sec % 60 + ru.ru_stime.tv_usec / 1000000.;
1119 	out1fmt("%ldm%.3fs %ldm%.3fs\n%ldm%.3fs %ldm%.3fs\n", shumins,
1120 	    shusecs, shsmins, shssecs, chumins, chusecs, chsmins, chssecs);
1121 	return 0;
1122 }
1123