xref: /freebsd/bin/sh/arith_yacc.c (revision fed1ca4b719c56c930f2259d80663cd34be812bb)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  * Copyright (c) 2007
5  *	Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
8  * Kenneth Almquist.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
19  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
20  *    without specific prior written permission.
21  *
22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
23  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
24  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
25  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
26  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
27  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
28  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
29  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
30  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
31  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
32  * SUCH DAMAGE.
33  */
34 
35 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
36 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
37 
38 #include <limits.h>
39 #include <errno.h>
40 #include <inttypes.h>
41 #include <stdlib.h>
42 #include <stdio.h>
43 #include "arith.h"
44 #include "arith_yacc.h"
45 #include "expand.h"
46 #include "shell.h"
47 #include "error.h"
48 #include "memalloc.h"
49 #include "output.h"
50 #include "options.h"
51 #include "var.h"
52 
53 #if ARITH_BOR + 11 != ARITH_BORASS || ARITH_ASS + 11 != ARITH_EQ
54 #error Arithmetic tokens are out of order.
55 #endif
56 
57 static const char *arith_startbuf;
58 
59 const char *arith_buf;
60 union yystype yylval;
61 
62 static int last_token;
63 
64 #define ARITH_PRECEDENCE(op, prec) [op - ARITH_BINOP_MIN] = prec
65 
66 static const char prec[ARITH_BINOP_MAX - ARITH_BINOP_MIN] = {
67 	ARITH_PRECEDENCE(ARITH_MUL, 0),
68 	ARITH_PRECEDENCE(ARITH_DIV, 0),
69 	ARITH_PRECEDENCE(ARITH_REM, 0),
70 	ARITH_PRECEDENCE(ARITH_ADD, 1),
71 	ARITH_PRECEDENCE(ARITH_SUB, 1),
72 	ARITH_PRECEDENCE(ARITH_LSHIFT, 2),
73 	ARITH_PRECEDENCE(ARITH_RSHIFT, 2),
74 	ARITH_PRECEDENCE(ARITH_LT, 3),
75 	ARITH_PRECEDENCE(ARITH_LE, 3),
76 	ARITH_PRECEDENCE(ARITH_GT, 3),
77 	ARITH_PRECEDENCE(ARITH_GE, 3),
78 	ARITH_PRECEDENCE(ARITH_EQ, 4),
79 	ARITH_PRECEDENCE(ARITH_NE, 4),
80 	ARITH_PRECEDENCE(ARITH_BAND, 5),
81 	ARITH_PRECEDENCE(ARITH_BXOR, 6),
82 	ARITH_PRECEDENCE(ARITH_BOR, 7),
83 };
84 
85 #define ARITH_MAX_PREC 8
86 
87 int letcmd(int, char **);
88 
89 static __dead2 void yyerror(const char *s)
90 {
91 	error("arithmetic expression: %s: \"%s\"", s, arith_startbuf);
92 	/* NOTREACHED */
93 }
94 
95 static arith_t arith_lookupvarint(char *varname)
96 {
97 	const char *str;
98 	char *p;
99 	arith_t result;
100 
101 	str = lookupvar(varname);
102 	if (uflag && str == NULL)
103 		yyerror("variable not set");
104 	if (str == NULL || *str == '\0')
105 		str = "0";
106 	errno = 0;
107 	result = strtoarith_t(str, &p, 0);
108 	if (errno != 0 || *p != '\0')
109 		yyerror("variable conversion error");
110 	return result;
111 }
112 
113 static inline int arith_prec(int op)
114 {
115 	return prec[op - ARITH_BINOP_MIN];
116 }
117 
118 static inline int higher_prec(int op1, int op2)
119 {
120 	return arith_prec(op1) < arith_prec(op2);
121 }
122 
123 static arith_t do_binop(int op, arith_t a, arith_t b)
124 {
125 
126 	switch (op) {
127 	default:
128 	case ARITH_REM:
129 	case ARITH_DIV:
130 		if (!b)
131 			yyerror("division by zero");
132 		if (a == ARITH_MIN && b == -1)
133 			yyerror("divide error");
134 		return op == ARITH_REM ? a % b : a / b;
135 	case ARITH_MUL:
136 		return (uintmax_t)a * (uintmax_t)b;
137 	case ARITH_ADD:
138 		return (uintmax_t)a + (uintmax_t)b;
139 	case ARITH_SUB:
140 		return (uintmax_t)a - (uintmax_t)b;
141 	case ARITH_LSHIFT:
142 		return (uintmax_t)a << (b & (sizeof(uintmax_t) * CHAR_BIT - 1));
143 	case ARITH_RSHIFT:
144 		return a >> (b & (sizeof(uintmax_t) * CHAR_BIT - 1));
145 	case ARITH_LT:
146 		return a < b;
147 	case ARITH_LE:
148 		return a <= b;
149 	case ARITH_GT:
150 		return a > b;
151 	case ARITH_GE:
152 		return a >= b;
153 	case ARITH_EQ:
154 		return a == b;
155 	case ARITH_NE:
156 		return a != b;
157 	case ARITH_BAND:
158 		return a & b;
159 	case ARITH_BXOR:
160 		return a ^ b;
161 	case ARITH_BOR:
162 		return a | b;
163 	}
164 }
165 
166 static arith_t assignment(int var, int noeval);
167 
168 static arith_t primary(int token, union yystype *val, int op, int noeval)
169 {
170 	arith_t result;
171 
172 again:
173 	switch (token) {
174 	case ARITH_LPAREN:
175 		result = assignment(op, noeval);
176 		if (last_token != ARITH_RPAREN)
177 			yyerror("expecting ')'");
178 		last_token = yylex();
179 		return result;
180 	case ARITH_NUM:
181 		last_token = op;
182 		return val->val;
183 	case ARITH_VAR:
184 		last_token = op;
185 		return noeval ? val->val : arith_lookupvarint(val->name);
186 	case ARITH_ADD:
187 		token = op;
188 		*val = yylval;
189 		op = yylex();
190 		goto again;
191 	case ARITH_SUB:
192 		*val = yylval;
193 		return -primary(op, val, yylex(), noeval);
194 	case ARITH_NOT:
195 		*val = yylval;
196 		return !primary(op, val, yylex(), noeval);
197 	case ARITH_BNOT:
198 		*val = yylval;
199 		return ~primary(op, val, yylex(), noeval);
200 	default:
201 		yyerror("expecting primary");
202 	}
203 }
204 
205 static arith_t binop2(arith_t a, int op, int precedence, int noeval)
206 {
207 	for (;;) {
208 		union yystype val;
209 		arith_t b;
210 		int op2;
211 		int token;
212 
213 		token = yylex();
214 		val = yylval;
215 
216 		b = primary(token, &val, yylex(), noeval);
217 
218 		op2 = last_token;
219 		if (op2 >= ARITH_BINOP_MIN && op2 < ARITH_BINOP_MAX &&
220 		    higher_prec(op2, op)) {
221 			b = binop2(b, op2, arith_prec(op), noeval);
222 			op2 = last_token;
223 		}
224 
225 		a = noeval ? b : do_binop(op, a, b);
226 
227 		if (op2 < ARITH_BINOP_MIN || op2 >= ARITH_BINOP_MAX ||
228 		    arith_prec(op2) >= precedence)
229 			return a;
230 
231 		op = op2;
232 	}
233 }
234 
235 static arith_t binop(int token, union yystype *val, int op, int noeval)
236 {
237 	arith_t a = primary(token, val, op, noeval);
238 
239 	op = last_token;
240 	if (op < ARITH_BINOP_MIN || op >= ARITH_BINOP_MAX)
241 		return a;
242 
243 	return binop2(a, op, ARITH_MAX_PREC, noeval);
244 }
245 
246 static arith_t and(int token, union yystype *val, int op, int noeval)
247 {
248 	arith_t a = binop(token, val, op, noeval);
249 	arith_t b;
250 
251 	op = last_token;
252 	if (op != ARITH_AND)
253 		return a;
254 
255 	token = yylex();
256 	*val = yylval;
257 
258 	b = and(token, val, yylex(), noeval | !a);
259 
260 	return a && b;
261 }
262 
263 static arith_t or(int token, union yystype *val, int op, int noeval)
264 {
265 	arith_t a = and(token, val, op, noeval);
266 	arith_t b;
267 
268 	op = last_token;
269 	if (op != ARITH_OR)
270 		return a;
271 
272 	token = yylex();
273 	*val = yylval;
274 
275 	b = or(token, val, yylex(), noeval | !!a);
276 
277 	return a || b;
278 }
279 
280 static arith_t cond(int token, union yystype *val, int op, int noeval)
281 {
282 	arith_t a = or(token, val, op, noeval);
283 	arith_t b;
284 	arith_t c;
285 
286 	if (last_token != ARITH_QMARK)
287 		return a;
288 
289 	b = assignment(yylex(), noeval | !a);
290 
291 	if (last_token != ARITH_COLON)
292 		yyerror("expecting ':'");
293 
294 	token = yylex();
295 	*val = yylval;
296 
297 	c = cond(token, val, yylex(), noeval | !!a);
298 
299 	return a ? b : c;
300 }
301 
302 static arith_t assignment(int var, int noeval)
303 {
304 	union yystype val = yylval;
305 	int op = yylex();
306 	arith_t result;
307 	char sresult[DIGITS(result) + 1];
308 
309 	if (var != ARITH_VAR)
310 		return cond(var, &val, op, noeval);
311 
312 	if (op != ARITH_ASS && (op < ARITH_ASS_MIN || op >= ARITH_ASS_MAX))
313 		return cond(var, &val, op, noeval);
314 
315 	result = assignment(yylex(), noeval);
316 	if (noeval)
317 		return result;
318 
319 	if (op != ARITH_ASS)
320 		result = do_binop(op - 11, arith_lookupvarint(val.name), result);
321 	snprintf(sresult, sizeof(sresult), ARITH_FORMAT_STR, result);
322 	setvar(val.name, sresult, 0);
323 	return result;
324 }
325 
326 arith_t arith(const char *s)
327 {
328 	struct stackmark smark;
329 	arith_t result;
330 
331 	setstackmark(&smark);
332 
333 	arith_buf = arith_startbuf = s;
334 
335 	result = assignment(yylex(), 0);
336 
337 	if (last_token)
338 		yyerror("expecting EOF");
339 
340 	popstackmark(&smark);
341 
342 	return result;
343 }
344 
345 /*
346  *  The exp(1) builtin.
347  */
348 int
349 letcmd(int argc, char **argv)
350 {
351 	const char *p;
352 	char *concat;
353 	char **ap;
354 	arith_t i;
355 
356 	if (argc > 1) {
357 		p = argv[1];
358 		if (argc > 2) {
359 			/*
360 			 * Concatenate arguments.
361 			 */
362 			STARTSTACKSTR(concat);
363 			ap = argv + 2;
364 			for (;;) {
365 				while (*p)
366 					STPUTC(*p++, concat);
367 				if ((p = *ap++) == NULL)
368 					break;
369 				STPUTC(' ', concat);
370 			}
371 			STPUTC('\0', concat);
372 			p = grabstackstr(concat);
373 		}
374 	} else
375 		p = "";
376 
377 	i = arith(p);
378 
379 	out1fmt(ARITH_FORMAT_STR "\n", i);
380 	return !i;
381 }
382