xref: /freebsd/bin/sh/arith_yacc.c (revision d0b2dbfa0ecf2bbc9709efc5e20baf8e4b44bbbf)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  * Copyright (c) 2007
5  *	Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
8  * Kenneth Almquist.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
19  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
20  *    without specific prior written permission.
21  *
22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
23  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
24  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
25  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
26  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
27  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
28  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
29  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
30  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
31  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
32  * SUCH DAMAGE.
33  */
34 
35 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
36 #include <limits.h>
37 #include <errno.h>
38 #include <inttypes.h>
39 #include <stdlib.h>
40 #include <stdio.h>
41 #include "arith.h"
42 #include "arith_yacc.h"
43 #include "expand.h"
44 #include "shell.h"
45 #include "error.h"
46 #include "memalloc.h"
47 #include "output.h"
48 #include "options.h"
49 #include "var.h"
50 
51 #if ARITH_BOR + 11 != ARITH_BORASS || ARITH_ASS + 11 != ARITH_EQ
52 #error Arithmetic tokens are out of order.
53 #endif
54 
55 static const char *arith_startbuf;
56 
57 const char *arith_buf;
58 union yystype yylval;
59 
60 static int last_token;
61 
62 #define ARITH_PRECEDENCE(op, prec) [op - ARITH_BINOP_MIN] = prec
63 
64 static const char prec[ARITH_BINOP_MAX - ARITH_BINOP_MIN] = {
65 	ARITH_PRECEDENCE(ARITH_MUL, 0),
66 	ARITH_PRECEDENCE(ARITH_DIV, 0),
67 	ARITH_PRECEDENCE(ARITH_REM, 0),
68 	ARITH_PRECEDENCE(ARITH_ADD, 1),
69 	ARITH_PRECEDENCE(ARITH_SUB, 1),
70 	ARITH_PRECEDENCE(ARITH_LSHIFT, 2),
71 	ARITH_PRECEDENCE(ARITH_RSHIFT, 2),
72 	ARITH_PRECEDENCE(ARITH_LT, 3),
73 	ARITH_PRECEDENCE(ARITH_LE, 3),
74 	ARITH_PRECEDENCE(ARITH_GT, 3),
75 	ARITH_PRECEDENCE(ARITH_GE, 3),
76 	ARITH_PRECEDENCE(ARITH_EQ, 4),
77 	ARITH_PRECEDENCE(ARITH_NE, 4),
78 	ARITH_PRECEDENCE(ARITH_BAND, 5),
79 	ARITH_PRECEDENCE(ARITH_BXOR, 6),
80 	ARITH_PRECEDENCE(ARITH_BOR, 7),
81 };
82 
83 #define ARITH_MAX_PREC 8
84 
85 int letcmd(int, char **);
86 
87 static __dead2 void yyerror(const char *s)
88 {
89 	error("arithmetic expression: %s: \"%s\"", s, arith_startbuf);
90 	/* NOTREACHED */
91 }
92 
93 static arith_t arith_lookupvarint(char *varname)
94 {
95 	const char *str;
96 	char *p;
97 	arith_t result;
98 
99 	str = lookupvar(varname);
100 	if (uflag && str == NULL)
101 		yyerror("variable not set");
102 	if (str == NULL || *str == '\0')
103 		str = "0";
104 	errno = 0;
105 	result = strtoarith_t(str, &p);
106 	if (errno != 0 || *p != '\0')
107 		yyerror("variable conversion error");
108 	return result;
109 }
110 
111 static inline int arith_prec(int op)
112 {
113 	return prec[op - ARITH_BINOP_MIN];
114 }
115 
116 static inline int higher_prec(int op1, int op2)
117 {
118 	return arith_prec(op1) < arith_prec(op2);
119 }
120 
121 static arith_t do_binop(int op, arith_t a, arith_t b)
122 {
123 
124 	switch (op) {
125 	default:
126 	case ARITH_REM:
127 	case ARITH_DIV:
128 		if (!b)
129 			yyerror("division by zero");
130 		if (a == ARITH_MIN && b == -1)
131 			yyerror("divide error");
132 		return op == ARITH_REM ? a % b : a / b;
133 	case ARITH_MUL:
134 		return (uintmax_t)a * (uintmax_t)b;
135 	case ARITH_ADD:
136 		return (uintmax_t)a + (uintmax_t)b;
137 	case ARITH_SUB:
138 		return (uintmax_t)a - (uintmax_t)b;
139 	case ARITH_LSHIFT:
140 		return (uintmax_t)a << (b & (sizeof(uintmax_t) * CHAR_BIT - 1));
141 	case ARITH_RSHIFT:
142 		return a >> (b & (sizeof(uintmax_t) * CHAR_BIT - 1));
143 	case ARITH_LT:
144 		return a < b;
145 	case ARITH_LE:
146 		return a <= b;
147 	case ARITH_GT:
148 		return a > b;
149 	case ARITH_GE:
150 		return a >= b;
151 	case ARITH_EQ:
152 		return a == b;
153 	case ARITH_NE:
154 		return a != b;
155 	case ARITH_BAND:
156 		return a & b;
157 	case ARITH_BXOR:
158 		return a ^ b;
159 	case ARITH_BOR:
160 		return a | b;
161 	}
162 }
163 
164 static arith_t assignment(int var, int noeval);
165 
166 static arith_t primary(int token, union yystype *val, int op, int noeval)
167 {
168 	arith_t result;
169 
170 again:
171 	switch (token) {
172 	case ARITH_LPAREN:
173 		result = assignment(op, noeval);
174 		if (last_token != ARITH_RPAREN)
175 			yyerror("expecting ')'");
176 		last_token = yylex();
177 		return result;
178 	case ARITH_NUM:
179 		last_token = op;
180 		return val->val;
181 	case ARITH_VAR:
182 		last_token = op;
183 		return noeval ? val->val : arith_lookupvarint(val->name);
184 	case ARITH_ADD:
185 		token = op;
186 		*val = yylval;
187 		op = yylex();
188 		goto again;
189 	case ARITH_SUB:
190 		*val = yylval;
191 		return -primary(op, val, yylex(), noeval);
192 	case ARITH_NOT:
193 		*val = yylval;
194 		return !primary(op, val, yylex(), noeval);
195 	case ARITH_BNOT:
196 		*val = yylval;
197 		return ~primary(op, val, yylex(), noeval);
198 	default:
199 		yyerror("expecting primary");
200 	}
201 }
202 
203 static arith_t binop2(arith_t a, int op, int precedence, int noeval)
204 {
205 	for (;;) {
206 		union yystype val;
207 		arith_t b;
208 		int op2;
209 		int token;
210 
211 		token = yylex();
212 		val = yylval;
213 
214 		b = primary(token, &val, yylex(), noeval);
215 
216 		op2 = last_token;
217 		if (op2 >= ARITH_BINOP_MIN && op2 < ARITH_BINOP_MAX &&
218 		    higher_prec(op2, op)) {
219 			b = binop2(b, op2, arith_prec(op), noeval);
220 			op2 = last_token;
221 		}
222 
223 		a = noeval ? b : do_binop(op, a, b);
224 
225 		if (op2 < ARITH_BINOP_MIN || op2 >= ARITH_BINOP_MAX ||
226 		    arith_prec(op2) >= precedence)
227 			return a;
228 
229 		op = op2;
230 	}
231 }
232 
233 static arith_t binop(int token, union yystype *val, int op, int noeval)
234 {
235 	arith_t a = primary(token, val, op, noeval);
236 
237 	op = last_token;
238 	if (op < ARITH_BINOP_MIN || op >= ARITH_BINOP_MAX)
239 		return a;
240 
241 	return binop2(a, op, ARITH_MAX_PREC, noeval);
242 }
243 
244 static arith_t and(int token, union yystype *val, int op, int noeval)
245 {
246 	arith_t a = binop(token, val, op, noeval);
247 	arith_t b;
248 
249 	op = last_token;
250 	if (op != ARITH_AND)
251 		return a;
252 
253 	token = yylex();
254 	*val = yylval;
255 
256 	b = and(token, val, yylex(), noeval | !a);
257 
258 	return a && b;
259 }
260 
261 static arith_t or(int token, union yystype *val, int op, int noeval)
262 {
263 	arith_t a = and(token, val, op, noeval);
264 	arith_t b;
265 
266 	op = last_token;
267 	if (op != ARITH_OR)
268 		return a;
269 
270 	token = yylex();
271 	*val = yylval;
272 
273 	b = or(token, val, yylex(), noeval | !!a);
274 
275 	return a || b;
276 }
277 
278 static arith_t cond(int token, union yystype *val, int op, int noeval)
279 {
280 	arith_t a = or(token, val, op, noeval);
281 	arith_t b;
282 	arith_t c;
283 
284 	if (last_token != ARITH_QMARK)
285 		return a;
286 
287 	b = assignment(yylex(), noeval | !a);
288 
289 	if (last_token != ARITH_COLON)
290 		yyerror("expecting ':'");
291 
292 	token = yylex();
293 	*val = yylval;
294 
295 	c = cond(token, val, yylex(), noeval | !!a);
296 
297 	return a ? b : c;
298 }
299 
300 static arith_t assignment(int var, int noeval)
301 {
302 	union yystype val = yylval;
303 	int op = yylex();
304 	arith_t result;
305 	char sresult[DIGITS(result) + 1];
306 
307 	if (var != ARITH_VAR)
308 		return cond(var, &val, op, noeval);
309 
310 	if (op != ARITH_ASS && (op < ARITH_ASS_MIN || op >= ARITH_ASS_MAX))
311 		return cond(var, &val, op, noeval);
312 
313 	result = assignment(yylex(), noeval);
314 	if (noeval)
315 		return result;
316 
317 	if (op != ARITH_ASS)
318 		result = do_binop(op - 11, arith_lookupvarint(val.name), result);
319 	snprintf(sresult, sizeof(sresult), ARITH_FORMAT_STR, result);
320 	setvar(val.name, sresult, 0);
321 	return result;
322 }
323 
324 arith_t arith(const char *s)
325 {
326 	struct stackmark smark;
327 	arith_t result;
328 
329 	setstackmark(&smark);
330 
331 	arith_buf = arith_startbuf = s;
332 
333 	result = assignment(yylex(), 0);
334 
335 	if (last_token)
336 		yyerror("expecting EOF");
337 
338 	popstackmark(&smark);
339 
340 	return result;
341 }
342 
343 /*
344  *  The exp(1) builtin.
345  */
346 int
347 letcmd(int argc, char **argv)
348 {
349 	const char *p;
350 	char *concat;
351 	char **ap;
352 	arith_t i;
353 
354 	if (argc > 1) {
355 		p = argv[1];
356 		if (argc > 2) {
357 			/*
358 			 * Concatenate arguments.
359 			 */
360 			STARTSTACKSTR(concat);
361 			ap = argv + 2;
362 			for (;;) {
363 				while (*p)
364 					STPUTC(*p++, concat);
365 				if ((p = *ap++) == NULL)
366 					break;
367 				STPUTC(' ', concat);
368 			}
369 			STPUTC('\0', concat);
370 			p = grabstackstr(concat);
371 		}
372 	} else
373 		p = "";
374 
375 	i = arith(p);
376 
377 	out1fmt(ARITH_FORMAT_STR "\n", i);
378 	return !i;
379 }
380