xref: /freebsd/bin/ps/ps.1 (revision 718519f4efc71096422fc71dab90b2a3369871ff)
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29.Dd November 11, 2023
30.Dt PS 1
31.Os
32.Sh NAME
33.Nm ps
34.Nd process status
35.Sh SYNOPSIS
36.Nm
37.Op Fl -libxo
38.Op Fl aCcdefHhjlmrSTuvwXxZ
39.Op Fl O Ar fmt | Fl o Ar fmt
40.Op Fl D Ar up | down | both
41.Op Fl G Ar gid Ns Op , Ns Ar gid Ns Ar ...
42.Op Fl J Ar jid Ns Op , Ns Ar jid Ns Ar ...
43.Op Fl M Ar core
44.Op Fl N Ar system
45.Op Fl p Ar pid Ns Op , Ns Ar pid Ns Ar ...
46.Op Fl t Ar tty Ns Op , Ns Ar tty Ns Ar ...
47.Op Fl U Ar user Ns Op , Ns Ar user Ns Ar ...
48.Nm
49.Op Fl -libxo
50.Fl L
51.Sh DESCRIPTION
52The
53.Nm
54utility
55displays a header line, followed by lines containing information about
56all of your
57processes that have controlling terminals.
58If the
59.Fl x
60options is specified,
61.Nm
62will also display processes that do not have controlling terminals.
63.Pp
64A different set of processes can be selected for display by using any
65combination of the
66.Fl a , D , G , J , p , T , t ,
67and
68.Fl U
69options.
70If more than one of these options are given, then
71.Nm
72will select all processes which are matched by at least one of the
73given options.
74.Pp
75For the processes which have been selected for display,
76.Nm
77will usually display one line per process.
78The
79.Fl H
80option may result in multiple output lines (one line per thread) for
81some processes.
82By default all of these output lines are sorted first by controlling
83terminal, then by process ID.
84The
85.Fl m , r , u ,
86and
87.Fl v
88options will change the sort order.
89If more than one sorting option was given, then the selected processes
90will be sorted by the last sorting option which was specified.
91.Pp
92For the processes which have been selected for display, the information
93to display is selected based on a set of keywords (see the
94.Fl L , O ,
95and
96.Fl o
97options).
98The default output format includes, for each process, the process' ID,
99controlling terminal, state, CPU time (including both user and system time)
100and associated command.
101.Pp
102If the
103.Nm
104process is associated with a terminal, the default output width is that of the
105terminal; otherwise the output width is unlimited.
106See also the
107.Fl w
108option.
109.Pp
110The options are as follows:
111.Bl -tag -width indent
112.It Fl -libxo
113Generate output via
114.Xr libxo 3
115in a selection of different human and machine readable formats.
116See
117.Xr xo_parse_args 3
118for details on command line arguments.
119.It Fl a
120Display information about other users' processes as well as your own.
121If the
122.Va security.bsd.see_other_uids
123sysctl is set to zero, this option is honored only if the UID of the user is 0.
124.It Fl c
125Change the
126.Dq command
127column output to just contain the executable name,
128rather than the full command line.
129.It Fl C
130Change the way the CPU percentage is calculated by using a
131.Dq raw
132CPU calculation that ignores
133.Dq resident
134time (this normally has
135no effect).
136.It Fl d
137Arrange processes into descendancy order and prefix each command with
138indentation text showing sibling and parent/child relationships as a tree.
139If either of the
140.Fl m
141and
142.Fl r
143options are also used, they control how sibling processes are sorted
144relative to each other.
145Note that this option has no effect if the
146.Dq command
147column is not the last column displayed.
148.It Fl D
149Expand the list of selected processes based on the process tree.
150.Dq UP
151will add the ancestor processes,
152.Dq DOWN
153will add the descendant processes, and
154.Dq BOTH
155will add both the ancestor and the descendant processes.
156.Fl D
157does not imply
158.Fl d ,
159but works well with it.
160.It Fl e
161Display the environment as well.
162.It Fl G
163Display information about processes which are running with the specified
164real group IDs.
165.It Fl H
166Show all of the threads associated with each process.
167.It Fl h
168Repeat the information header as often as necessary to guarantee one
169header per page of information.
170.It Fl j
171Print information associated with the following keywords:
172.Cm user , pid , ppid , pgid , sid , jobc , state , tt , time ,
173and
174.Cm command .
175.It Fl J
176Display information about processes which match the specified jail IDs.
177This may be either the
178.Cm jid
179or
180.Cm name
181of the jail.
182Use
183.Fl J
184.Sy 0
185to display only host processes.
186This flag implies
187.Fl x
188by default.
189.It Fl L
190List the set of keywords available for the
191.Fl O
192and
193.Fl o
194options.
195.It Fl l
196Display information associated with the following keywords:
197.Cm uid , pid , ppid , cpu , pri , nice , vsz , rss , mwchan , state ,
198.Cm tt , time ,
199and
200.Cm command .
201.It Fl M
202Extract values associated with the name list from the specified core
203instead of the currently running system.
204.It Fl m
205Sort by memory usage, instead of the combination of controlling
206terminal and process ID.
207.It Fl N
208Extract the name list from the specified system instead of the default,
209which is the kernel image the system has booted from.
210.It Fl O
211Add the information associated with the space or comma separated list
212of keywords specified, after the process ID,
213in the default information
214display.
215Keywords may be appended with an equals
216.Pq Ql =
217sign and a string.
218This causes the printed header to use the specified string instead of
219the standard header.
220.It Fl o
221Display information associated with the space or comma separated
222list of keywords specified.
223The last keyword in the list may be appended with an equals
224.Pq Ql =
225sign and a string that spans the rest of the argument, and can contain
226space and comma characters.
227This causes the printed header to use the specified string instead of
228the standard header.
229Multiple keywords may also be given in the form of more than one
230.Fl o
231option.
232So the header texts for multiple keywords can be changed.
233If all keywords have empty header texts, no header line is written.
234.It Fl p
235Display information about processes which match the specified process IDs.
236.It Fl r
237Sort by current CPU usage, instead of the combination of controlling
238terminal and process ID.
239.It Fl S
240Change the way the process times, namely cputime, systime, and usertime,
241are calculated by summing all exited children to their parent process.
242.It Fl T
243Display information about processes attached to the device associated
244with the standard input.
245.It Fl t
246Display information about processes attached to the specified terminal
247devices.
248Full pathnames, as well as abbreviations (see explanation of the
249.Cm tt
250keyword) can be specified.
251.It Fl U
252Display the processes belonging to the specified usernames.
253.It Fl u
254Display information associated with the following keywords:
255.Cm user , pid , %cpu , %mem , vsz , rss , tt , state , start , time ,
256and
257.Cm command .
258The
259.Fl u
260option implies the
261.Fl r
262option.
263.It Fl v
264Display information associated with the following keywords:
265.Cm pid , state , time , sl , re , pagein , vsz , rss , lim , tsiz ,
266.Cm %cpu , %mem ,
267and
268.Cm command .
269The
270.Fl v
271option implies the
272.Fl m
273option.
274.It Fl w
275Use at least 132 columns to display information, instead of the default which
276is the window size if
277.Nm
278is associated with a terminal.
279If the
280.Fl w
281option is specified more than once,
282.Nm
283will use as many columns as necessary without regard for the window size.
284Note that this option has no effect if the
285.Dq command
286column is not the last column displayed.
287.It Fl X
288When displaying processes matched by other options, skip any processes
289which do not have a controlling terminal.
290This is the default behaviour.
291.It Fl x
292When displaying processes matched by other options, include processes
293which do not have a controlling terminal.
294This is the opposite of the
295.Fl X
296option.
297If both
298.Fl X
299and
300.Fl x
301are specified in the same command, then
302.Nm
303will use the one which was specified last.
304.It Fl Z
305Add
306.Xr mac 4
307label to the list of keywords for which
308.Nm
309will display information.
310.El
311.Pp
312A complete list of the available keywords are listed below.
313Some of these keywords are further specified as follows:
314.Bl -tag -width lockname
315.It Cm %cpu
316The CPU utilization of the process; this is a decaying average over up to
317a minute of previous (real) time.
318Since the time base over which this is computed varies (since processes may
319be very young) it is possible for the sum of all
320.Cm %cpu
321fields to exceed 100%.
322.It Cm %mem
323The percentage of real memory used by this process.
324.It Cm class
325Login class associated with the process.
326.It Cm flags
327The flags associated with the process as in
328the include file
329.In sys/proc.h :
330.Bl -column P_SINGLE_BOUNDARY 0x40000000
331.It Dv "P_ADVLOCK" Ta No "0x00000001" Ta "Process may hold a POSIX advisory lock"
332.It Dv "P_CONTROLT" Ta No "0x00000002" Ta "Has a controlling terminal"
333.It Dv "P_KPROC" Ta No "0x00000004" Ta "Kernel process"
334.It Dv "P_PPWAIT" Ta No "0x00000010" Ta "Parent is waiting for child to exec/exit"
335.It Dv "P_PROFIL" Ta No "0x00000020" Ta "Has started profiling"
336.It Dv "P_STOPPROF" Ta No "0x00000040" Ta "Has thread in requesting to stop prof"
337.It Dv "P_HADTHREADS" Ta No "0x00000080" Ta "Has had threads (no cleanup shortcuts)"
338.It Dv "P_SUGID" Ta No "0x00000100" Ta "Had set id privileges since last exec"
339.It Dv "P_SYSTEM" Ta No "0x00000200" Ta "System proc: no sigs, stats or swapping"
340.It Dv "P_SINGLE_EXIT" Ta No "0x00000400" Ta "Threads suspending should exit, not wait"
341.It Dv "P_TRACED" Ta No "0x00000800" Ta "Debugged process being traced"
342.It Dv "P_WAITED" Ta No "0x00001000" Ta "Someone is waiting for us"
343.It Dv "P_WEXIT" Ta No "0x00002000" Ta "Working on exiting"
344.It Dv "P_EXEC" Ta No "0x00004000" Ta "Process called exec"
345.It Dv "P_WKILLED" Ta No "0x00008000" Ta "Killed, shall go to kernel/user boundary ASAP"
346.It Dv "P_CONTINUED" Ta No "0x00010000" Ta "Proc has continued from a stopped state"
347.It Dv "P_STOPPED_SIG" Ta No "0x00020000" Ta "Stopped due to SIGSTOP/SIGTSTP"
348.It Dv "P_STOPPED_TRACE" Ta No "0x00040000" Ta "Stopped because of tracing"
349.It Dv "P_STOPPED_SINGLE" Ta No "0x00080000" Ta "Only one thread can continue"
350.It Dv "P_PROTECTED" Ta No "0x00100000" Ta "Do not kill on memory overcommit"
351.It Dv "P_SIGEVENT" Ta No "0x00200000" Ta "Process pending signals changed"
352.It Dv "P_SINGLE_BOUNDARY" Ta No "0x00400000" Ta "Threads should suspend at user boundary"
353.It Dv "P_HWPMC" Ta No "0x00800000" Ta "Process is using HWPMCs"
354.It Dv "P_JAILED" Ta No "0x01000000" Ta "Process is in jail"
355.It Dv "P_TOTAL_STOP" Ta No "0x02000000" Ta "Stopped for system suspend"
356.It Dv "P_INEXEC" Ta No "0x04000000" Ta Process is in Xr execve 2
357.It Dv "P_STATCHILD" Ta No "0x08000000" Ta "Child process stopped or exited"
358.It Dv "P_INMEM" Ta No "0x10000000" Ta "Always set, unused"
359.It Dv "P_PPTRACE" Ta No "0x80000000" Ta "Vforked child issued ptrace(PT_TRACEME)"
360.El
361.It Cm flags2
362The flags kept in
363.Va p_flag2
364associated with the process as in
365the include file
366.In sys/proc.h :
367.Bl -column P2_INHERIT_PROTECTED 0x00000001
368.It Dv "P2_INHERIT_PROTECTED" Ta No "0x00000001" Ta "New children get P_PROTECTED"
369.It Dv "P2_NOTRACE" Ta No "0x00000002" Ta "No" Xr ptrace 2 attach or coredumps
370.It Dv "P2_NOTRACE_EXEC" Ta No "0x00000004" Ta Keep P2_NOPTRACE on Xr execve 2
371.It Dv "P2_AST_SU" Ta No "0x00000008" Ta "Handles SU ast for kthreads"
372.It Dv "P2_PTRACE_FSTP" Ta No "0x00000010" Ta "SIGSTOP from PT_ATTACH not yet handled"
373.It Dv "P2_TRAPCAP" Ta No "0x00000020" Ta "SIGTRAP on ENOTCAPABLE"
374.It Dv "P2_ASLR_ENABLE" Ta No "0x00000040" Ta "Force enable ASLR"
375.It Dv "P2_ASLR_DISABLE" Ta No "0x00000080" Ta "Force disable ASLR"
376.It Dv "P2_ASLR_IGNSTART" Ta No "0x00000100" Ta "Enable ASLR to consume sbrk area"
377.It Dv "P2_PROTMAX_ENABLE" Ta No "0x00000200" Ta "Force enable implied PROT_MAX"
378.It Dv "P2_PROTMAX_DISABLE" Ta No "0x00000400" Ta "Force disable implied PROT_MAX"
379.It Dv "P2_STKGAP_DISABLE" Ta No "0x00000800" Ta "Disable stack gap for MAP_STACK"
380.It Dv "P2_STKGAP_DISABLE_EXEC" Ta No "0x00001000" Ta "Stack gap disabled after exec"
381.It Dv "P2_ITSTOPPED" Ta No "0x00002000" Ta "itimers stopped (as part of process stop)"
382.It Dv "P2_PTRACEREQ" Ta No "0x00004000" Ta "Active ptrace req"
383.It Dv "P2_NO_NEW_PRIVS" Ta No "0x00008000" Ta "Ignore setuid on exec"
384.It Dv "P2_WXORX_DISABLE" Ta No "0x00010000" Ta "WX mappings enabled"
385.It Dv "P2_WXORX_ENABLE_EXEC" Ta No "0x00020000" Ta "WxorX enabled after exec"
386.It Dv "P2_WEXIT" Ta No "0x00040000" Ta "Internal exit early state"
387.It Dv "P2_REAPKILLED" Ta No "0x00080000" Ta "REAP_KILL pass handled the process"
388.It Dv "P2_MEMBAR_PRIVE" Ta No "0x00100000" Ta "membarrier private expedited registered"
389.It Dv "P2_MEMBAR_PRIVE_SYNCORE" Ta No "0x00200000" Ta "membarrier private expedited sync core registered"
390.It Dv "P2_MEMBAR_GLOBE" Ta No "0x00400000" Ta "membar global expedited registered"
391.El
392.It Cm label
393The MAC label of the process.
394.It Cm lim
395The soft limit on memory used, specified via a call to
396.Xr setrlimit 2 .
397.It Cm lstart
398The exact time the command started, using the
399.Ql %c
400format described in
401.Xr strftime 3 .
402.It Cm lockname
403The name of the lock that the process is currently blocked on.
404If the name is invalid or unknown, then
405.Dq ???\&
406is displayed.
407.It Cm logname
408The login name associated with the session the process is in (see
409.Xr getlogin 2 ) .
410.It Cm mwchan
411The event name if the process is blocked normally, or the lock name if
412the process is blocked on a lock.
413See the wchan and lockname keywords
414for details.
415.It Cm nice
416The process scheduling increment (see
417.Xr setpriority 2 ) .
418.It Cm rss
419the real memory (resident set) size of the process (in 1024 byte units).
420.It Cm start
421The time the command started.
422If the command started less than 24 hours ago, the start time is
423displayed using the
424.Dq Li %H:%M
425format described in
426.Xr strftime 3 .
427If the command started less than 7 days ago, the start time is
428displayed using the
429.Dq Li %a%H
430format.
431Otherwise, the start time is displayed using the
432.Dq Li %e%b%y
433format.
434.It Cm state
435The state is given by a sequence of characters, for example,
436.Dq Li RWNA .
437The first character indicates the run state of the process:
438.Pp
439.Bl -tag -width indent -compact
440.It Li D
441Marks a process in disk (or other short term, uninterruptible) wait.
442.It Li I
443Marks a process that is idle (sleeping for longer than about 20 seconds).
444.It Li L
445Marks a process that is waiting to acquire a lock.
446.It Li R
447Marks a runnable process.
448.It Li S
449Marks a process that is sleeping for less than about 20 seconds.
450.It Li T
451Marks a stopped process.
452.It Li W
453Marks an idle interrupt thread.
454.It Li Z
455Marks a dead process (a
456.Dq zombie ) .
457.El
458.Pp
459Additional characters after these, if any, indicate additional state
460information:
461.Pp
462.Bl -tag -width indent -compact
463.It Li +
464The process is in the foreground process group of its control terminal.
465.It Li <
466The process has raised CPU scheduling priority.
467.It Li C
468The process is in
469.Xr capsicum 4
470capability mode.
471.It Li E
472The process is trying to exit.
473.It Li J
474Marks a process which is in
475.Xr jail 2 .
476The hostname of the prison can be found in
477.Pa /proc/ Ns Ao Ar pid Ac Ns Pa /status .
478.It Li L
479The process has pages locked in core (for example, for raw I/O).
480.It Li N
481The process has reduced CPU scheduling priority (see
482.Xr setpriority 2 ) .
483.It Li s
484The process is a session leader.
485.It Li V
486The process' parent is suspended during a
487.Xr vfork 2 ,
488waiting for the process to exec or exit.
489.It Li X
490The process is being traced or debugged.
491.El
492.It Cm tt
493An abbreviation for the pathname of the controlling terminal, if any.
494The abbreviation consists of the three letters following
495.Pa /dev/tty ,
496or, for pseudo-terminals, the corresponding entry in
497.Pa /dev/pts .
498This is followed by a
499.Ql -
500if the process can no longer reach that
501controlling terminal (i.e., it has been revoked).
502A
503.Ql -
504without a preceding two letter abbreviation or pseudo-terminal device number
505indicates a process which never had a controlling terminal.
506The full pathname of the controlling terminal is available via the
507.Cm tty
508keyword.
509.It Cm wchan
510The event (an address in the system) on which a process waits.
511When printed numerically, the initial part of the address is
512trimmed off and the result is printed in hex, for example, 0x80324000 prints
513as 324000.
514.El
515.Pp
516When printing using the command keyword, a process that has exited and
517has a parent that has not yet waited for the process (in other words, a zombie)
518is listed as
519.Dq Li <defunct> ,
520and a process which is blocked while trying
521to exit is listed as
522.Dq Li <exiting> .
523If the arguments cannot be located (usually because it has not been set, as is
524the case of system processes and/or kernel threads) the command name is printed
525within square brackets.
526The
527.Nm
528utility first tries to obtain the arguments cached by the kernel (if they were
529shorter than the value of the
530.Va kern.ps_arg_cache_limit
531sysctl).
532The process can change the arguments shown with
533.Xr setproctitle 3 .
534Otherwise,
535.Nm
536makes an educated guess as to the file name and arguments given when the
537process was created by examining memory or the swap area.
538The method is inherently somewhat unreliable and in any event a process
539is entitled to destroy this information.
540The ucomm (accounting) keyword can, however, be depended on.
541If the arguments are unavailable or do not agree with the ucomm keyword,
542the value for the ucomm keyword is appended to the arguments in parentheses.
543.Sh KEYWORDS
544The following is a complete list of the available keywords and their
545meanings.
546Several of them have aliases (keywords which are synonyms).
547.Pp
548.Bl -tag -width ".Cm sigignore" -compact
549.It Cm %cpu
550percentage CPU usage (alias
551.Cm pcpu )
552.It Cm %mem
553percentage memory usage (alias
554.Cm pmem )
555.It Cm acflag
556accounting flag (alias
557.Cm acflg )
558.It Cm args
559command and arguments
560.It Cm class
561login class
562.It Cm comm
563command
564.It Cm command
565command and arguments
566.It Cm cow
567number of copy-on-write faults
568.It Cm cpu
569The processor number on which the process is executing (visible only on SMP
570systems).
571.It Cm dsiz
572data size (in Kbytes)
573.It Cm emul
574system-call emulation environment (ABI)
575.It Cm etime
576elapsed running time, format
577.Do
578.Op days- Ns
579.Op hours\&: Ns
580minutes:seconds
581.Dc
582.It Cm etimes
583elapsed running time, in decimal integer seconds
584.It Cm fib
585default FIB number, see
586.Xr setfib 1
587.It Cm flags
588the process flags, in hexadecimal (alias
589.Cm f )
590.It Cm flags2
591the additional set of process flags, in hexadecimal (alias
592.Cm f2 )
593.It Cm gid
594effective group ID (alias
595.Cm egid )
596.It Cm group
597group name (from egid) (alias
598.Cm egroup )
599.It Cm inblk
600total blocks read (alias
601.Cm inblock )
602.It Cm jail
603jail name
604.It Cm jid
605jail ID
606.It Cm jobc
607job control count
608.It Cm ktrace
609tracing flags
610.It Cm label
611MAC label
612.It Cm lim
613memoryuse limit
614.It Cm lockname
615lock currently blocked on (as a symbolic name)
616.It Cm logname
617login name of user who started the session
618.It Cm lstart
619time started
620.It Cm lwp
621thread (light-weight process) ID (alias
622.Cm tid )
623.It Cm majflt
624total page faults
625.It Cm minflt
626total page reclaims
627.It Cm msgrcv
628total messages received (reads from pipes/sockets)
629.It Cm msgsnd
630total messages sent (writes on pipes/sockets)
631.It Cm mwchan
632wait channel or lock currently blocked on
633.It Cm nice
634nice value (alias
635.Cm ni )
636.It Cm nivcsw
637total involuntary context switches
638.It Cm nlwp
639number of threads (light-weight processes) tied to a process
640.It Cm nsigs
641total signals taken (alias
642.Cm nsignals )
643.It Cm nswap
644total swaps in/out
645.It Cm nvcsw
646total voluntary context switches
647.It Cm nwchan
648wait channel (as an address)
649.It Cm oublk
650total blocks written (alias
651.Cm oublock )
652.It Cm paddr
653process pointer
654.It Cm pagein
655pageins (same as majflt)
656.It Cm pgid
657process group number
658.It Cm pid
659process ID
660.It Cm ppid
661parent process ID
662.It Cm pri
663scheduling priority
664.It Cm re
665core residency time (in seconds; 127 = infinity)
666.It Cm rgid
667real group ID
668.It Cm rgroup
669group name (from rgid)
670.It Cm rss
671resident set size
672.It Cm rtprio
673realtime priority (see
674.Xr rtprio 1)
675.It Cm ruid
676real user ID
677.It Cm ruser
678user name (from ruid)
679.It Cm sid
680session ID
681.It Cm sig
682pending signals (alias
683.Cm pending )
684.It Cm sigcatch
685caught signals (alias
686.Cm caught )
687.It Cm sigignore
688ignored signals (alias
689.Cm ignored )
690.It Cm sigmask
691blocked signals (alias
692.Cm blocked )
693.It Cm sl
694sleep time (in seconds; 127 = infinity)
695.It Cm ssiz
696stack size (in Kbytes)
697.It Cm start
698time started
699.It Cm state
700symbolic process state (alias
701.Cm stat )
702.It Cm svgid
703saved gid from a setgid executable
704.It Cm svuid
705saved UID from a setuid executable
706.It Cm systime
707accumulated system CPU time
708.It Cm tdaddr
709thread address
710.It Cm tdname
711thread name
712.It Cm tdev
713control terminal device number
714.It Cm time
715accumulated CPU time, user + system (alias
716.Cm cputime )
717.It Cm tpgid
718control terminal process group ID
719.It Cm tracer
720tracer process ID
721.\".It Cm trss
722.\"text resident set size (in Kbytes)
723.It Cm tsid
724control terminal session ID
725.It Cm tsiz
726text size (in Kbytes)
727.It Cm tt
728control terminal name (two letter abbreviation)
729.It Cm tty
730full name of control terminal
731.It Cm ucomm
732name to be used for accounting
733.It Cm uid
734effective user ID (alias
735.Cm euid )
736.It Cm upr
737scheduling priority on return from system call (alias
738.Cm usrpri )
739.It Cm uprocp
740process pointer
741.It Cm user
742user name (from UID)
743.It Cm usertime
744accumulated user CPU time
745.It Cm vmaddr
746vmspace pointer
747.It Cm vsz
748virtual size in Kbytes (alias
749.Cm vsize )
750.It Cm wchan
751wait channel (as a symbolic name)
752.It Cm xstat
753exit or stop status (valid only for stopped or zombie process)
754.El
755.Pp
756Note that the
757.Cm pending
758column displays bitmask of signals pending in the process queue when
759.Fl H
760option is not specified, otherwise the per-thread queue of pending signals
761is shown.
762.Sh ENVIRONMENT
763The following environment variables affect the execution of
764.Nm :
765.Bl -tag -width ".Ev COLUMNS"
766.It Ev COLUMNS
767If set, specifies the user's preferred output width in column positions.
768By default,
769.Nm
770attempts to automatically determine the terminal width.
771.El
772.Sh FILES
773.Bl -tag -width ".Pa /boot/kernel/kernel" -compact
774.It Pa /boot/kernel/kernel
775default system namelist
776.El
777.Sh EXIT STATUS
778.Ex -std
779.Sh EXAMPLES
780Display information on all system processes:
781.Pp
782.Dl $ ps -auxw
783.Sh SEE ALSO
784.Xr kill 1 ,
785.Xr pgrep 1 ,
786.Xr pkill 1 ,
787.Xr procstat 1 ,
788.Xr w 1 ,
789.Xr kvm 3 ,
790.Xr libxo 3 ,
791.Xr strftime 3 ,
792.Xr xo_parse_args 3 ,
793.Xr mac 4 ,
794.Xr procfs 4 ,
795.Xr pstat 8 ,
796.Xr sysctl 8 ,
797.Xr mutex 9
798.Sh STANDARDS
799For historical reasons, the
800.Nm
801utility under
802.Fx
803supports a different set of options from what is described by
804.St -p1003.2 ,
805and what is supported on
806.No non- Ns Bx
807operating systems.
808.Sh HISTORY
809The
810.Nm
811command appeared in
812.At v3
813in section 8 of the manual.
814.Sh BUGS
815Since
816.Nm
817cannot run faster than the system and is run as any other scheduled
818process, the information it displays can never be exact.
819.Pp
820The
821.Nm
822utility does not correctly display argument lists containing multibyte
823characters.
824