1.\"- 2.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1990, 1993 3.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 4.\" 5.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 6.\" the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 7.\" 8.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 9.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 10.\" are met: 11.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 13.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 14.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 15.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 16.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 17.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 18.\" without specific prior written permission. 19.\" 20.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 21.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 22.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 23.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 24.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 25.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 26.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 27.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 28.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 29.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 30.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 31.\" 32.\" @(#)kill.1 8.2 (Berkeley) 4/28/95 33.\" $FreeBSD$ 34.\" 35.Dd April 28, 1995 36.Dt KILL 1 37.Os 38.Sh NAME 39.Nm kill 40.Nd terminate or signal a process 41.Sh SYNOPSIS 42.Nm 43.Op Fl s Ar signal_name 44.Ar pid 45\&... 46.Nm 47.Fl l 48.Op Ar exit_status 49.Nm 50.Fl Ar signal_name 51.Ar pid 52\&... 53.Nm 54.Fl Ar signal_number 55.Ar pid 56\&... 57.Sh DESCRIPTION 58The 59.Nm 60utility sends a signal to the processes specified by the 61.Ar pid 62operand(s). 63.Pp 64Only the super-user may send signals to other users' processes. 65.Pp 66The options are as follows: 67.Pp 68.Bl -tag -width Ds 69.It Fl s Ar signal_name 70A symbolic signal name specifying the signal to be sent instead of the 71default 72.Dv TERM . 73.It Fl l Op Ar exit_status 74If no operand is given, list the signal names; otherwise, write 75the signal name corresponding to 76.Ar exit_status . 77.It Fl Ar signal_name 78A symbolic signal name specifying the signal to be sent instead of the 79default 80.Dv TERM . 81.It Fl Ar signal_number 82A non-negative decimal integer, specifying the signal to be sent instead 83of the default 84.Dv TERM . 85.El 86.Pp 87The following pids have special meanings: 88.Bl -tag -width Ds -compact 89.It -1 90If superuser, broadcast the signal to all processes; otherwise broadcast 91to all processes belonging to the user. 92.El 93.Pp 94Some of the more commonly used signals: 95.Bl -tag -width Ds -compact 96.It 1 97HUP (hang up) 98.It 2 99INT (interrupt) 100.It 3 101QUIT (quit) 102.It 6 103ABRT (abort) 104.It 9 105KILL (non-catchable, non-ignorable kill) 106.It 14 107ALRM (alarm clock) 108.It 15 109TERM (software termination signal) 110.El 111.Pp 112Some shells may provide a builtin 113.Nm 114command which is similar or identical to this utility. 115Consult the 116.Xr builtin 1 117manual page. 118.Sh EXIT STATUS 119.Ex -std 120.Sh EXAMPLES 121Terminate 122the processes with pids 142 and 157: 123.Pp 124.Dl "kill 142 157" 125.Pp 126Send the hangup signal 127.Pq Dv SIGHUP 128to the process with pid 507: 129.Pp 130.Dl "kill -s HUP 507" 131.Pp 132Terminate the process group with pgid 117: 133.Pp 134.Dl "kill -- -117" 135.Sh SEE ALSO 136.Xr builtin 1 , 137.Xr csh 1 , 138.Xr killall 1 , 139.Xr ps 1 , 140.Xr kill 2 , 141.Xr sigaction 2 142.Sh STANDARDS 143The 144.Nm 145function is expected to be 146.St -p1003.2 147compatible. 148.Sh HISTORY 149A 150.Nm 151command appeared in 152.At v3 . 153.Sh BUGS 154A replacement for the command 155.Dq Li kill 0 156for 157.Xr csh 1 158users should be provided. 159