1 %{ 2 /*- 3 * Written by Pace Willisson (pace@blitz.com) 4 * and placed in the public domain. 5 * 6 * Largely rewritten by J.T. Conklin (jtc@wimsey.com) 7 * 8 * $FreeBSD$ 9 */ 10 11 #include <sys/types.h> 12 13 #include <ctype.h> 14 #include <err.h> 15 #include <errno.h> 16 #include <inttypes.h> 17 #include <limits.h> 18 #include <locale.h> 19 #include <stdio.h> 20 #include <stdlib.h> 21 #include <string.h> 22 #include <regex.h> 23 #include <unistd.h> 24 25 /* 26 * POSIX specifies a specific error code for syntax errors. We exit 27 * with this code for all errors. 28 */ 29 #define ERR_EXIT 2 30 31 enum valtype { 32 integer, numeric_string, string 33 } ; 34 35 struct val { 36 enum valtype type; 37 union { 38 char *s; 39 intmax_t i; 40 } u; 41 } ; 42 43 char **av; 44 int nonposix; 45 struct val *result; 46 47 void assert_to_integer(struct val *); 48 void assert_div(intmax_t, intmax_t); 49 void assert_minus(intmax_t, intmax_t, intmax_t); 50 void assert_plus(intmax_t, intmax_t, intmax_t); 51 void assert_times(intmax_t, intmax_t, intmax_t); 52 int compare_vals(struct val *, struct val *); 53 void free_value(struct val *); 54 int is_integer(const char *); 55 int is_string(struct val *); 56 int is_zero_or_null(struct val *); 57 struct val *make_integer(intmax_t); 58 struct val *make_str(const char *); 59 struct val *op_and(struct val *, struct val *); 60 struct val *op_colon(struct val *, struct val *); 61 struct val *op_div(struct val *, struct val *); 62 struct val *op_eq(struct val *, struct val *); 63 struct val *op_ge(struct val *, struct val *); 64 struct val *op_gt(struct val *, struct val *); 65 struct val *op_le(struct val *, struct val *); 66 struct val *op_lt(struct val *, struct val *); 67 struct val *op_minus(struct val *, struct val *); 68 struct val *op_ne(struct val *, struct val *); 69 struct val *op_or(struct val *, struct val *); 70 struct val *op_plus(struct val *, struct val *); 71 struct val *op_rem(struct val *, struct val *); 72 struct val *op_times(struct val *, struct val *); 73 int to_integer(struct val *); 74 void to_string(struct val *); 75 int yyerror(const char *); 76 int yylex(void); 77 78 %} 79 80 %union 81 { 82 struct val *val; 83 } 84 85 %left <val> '|' 86 %left <val> '&' 87 %left <val> '=' '>' '<' GE LE NE 88 %left <val> '+' '-' 89 %left <val> '*' '/' '%' 90 %left <val> ':' 91 92 %token <val> TOKEN 93 %type <val> start expr 94 95 %% 96 97 start: expr { result = $$; } 98 99 expr: TOKEN 100 | '(' expr ')' { $$ = $2; } 101 | expr '|' expr { $$ = op_or($1, $3); } 102 | expr '&' expr { $$ = op_and($1, $3); } 103 | expr '=' expr { $$ = op_eq($1, $3); } 104 | expr '>' expr { $$ = op_gt($1, $3); } 105 | expr '<' expr { $$ = op_lt($1, $3); } 106 | expr GE expr { $$ = op_ge($1, $3); } 107 | expr LE expr { $$ = op_le($1, $3); } 108 | expr NE expr { $$ = op_ne($1, $3); } 109 | expr '+' expr { $$ = op_plus($1, $3); } 110 | expr '-' expr { $$ = op_minus($1, $3); } 111 | expr '*' expr { $$ = op_times($1, $3); } 112 | expr '/' expr { $$ = op_div($1, $3); } 113 | expr '%' expr { $$ = op_rem($1, $3); } 114 | expr ':' expr { $$ = op_colon($1, $3); } 115 ; 116 117 %% 118 119 struct val * 120 make_integer(intmax_t i) 121 { 122 struct val *vp; 123 124 vp = (struct val *)malloc(sizeof(*vp)); 125 if (vp == NULL) 126 errx(ERR_EXIT, "malloc() failed"); 127 128 vp->type = integer; 129 vp->u.i = i; 130 return (vp); 131 } 132 133 struct val * 134 make_str(const char *s) 135 { 136 struct val *vp; 137 138 vp = (struct val *)malloc(sizeof(*vp)); 139 if (vp == NULL || ((vp->u.s = strdup(s)) == NULL)) 140 errx(ERR_EXIT, "malloc() failed"); 141 142 if (is_integer(s)) 143 vp->type = numeric_string; 144 else 145 vp->type = string; 146 147 return (vp); 148 } 149 150 void 151 free_value(struct val *vp) 152 { 153 if (vp->type == string || vp->type == numeric_string) 154 free(vp->u.s); 155 } 156 157 int 158 to_integer(struct val *vp) 159 { 160 intmax_t i; 161 162 /* we can only convert numeric_string to integer, here */ 163 if (vp->type == numeric_string) { 164 errno = 0; 165 i = strtoimax(vp->u.s, (char **)NULL, 10); 166 /* just keep as numeric_string, if the conversion fails */ 167 if (errno != ERANGE) { 168 free(vp->u.s); 169 vp->u.i = i; 170 vp->type = integer; 171 } 172 } 173 return (vp->type == integer); 174 } 175 176 void 177 assert_to_integer(struct val *vp) 178 { 179 if (vp->type == string) 180 errx(ERR_EXIT, "not a decimal number: '%s'", vp->u.s); 181 if (!to_integer(vp)) 182 errx(ERR_EXIT, "operand too large: '%s'", vp->u.s); 183 } 184 185 void 186 to_string(struct val *vp) 187 { 188 char *tmp; 189 190 if (vp->type == string || vp->type == numeric_string) 191 return; 192 193 /* 194 * log_10(x) ~= 0.3 * log_2(x). Rounding up gives the number 195 * of digits; add one each for the sign and terminating null 196 * character, respectively. 197 */ 198 #define NDIGITS(x) (3 * (sizeof(x) * CHAR_BIT) / 10 + 1 + 1 + 1) 199 tmp = malloc(NDIGITS(vp->u.i)); 200 if (tmp == NULL) 201 errx(ERR_EXIT, "malloc() failed"); 202 203 sprintf(tmp, "%jd", vp->u.i); 204 vp->type = string; 205 vp->u.s = tmp; 206 } 207 208 int 209 is_integer(const char *s) 210 { 211 if (nonposix) { 212 if (*s == '\0') 213 return (1); 214 while (isspace((unsigned char)*s)) 215 s++; 216 } 217 if (*s == '-' || (nonposix && *s == '+')) 218 s++; 219 if (*s == '\0') 220 return (0); 221 while (isdigit((unsigned char)*s)) 222 s++; 223 return (*s == '\0'); 224 } 225 226 int 227 is_string(struct val *vp) 228 { 229 /* only TRUE if this string is not a valid integer */ 230 return (vp->type == string); 231 } 232 233 int 234 yylex(void) 235 { 236 char *p; 237 238 if (*av == NULL) 239 return (0); 240 241 p = *av++; 242 243 if (strlen(p) == 1) { 244 if (strchr("|&=<>+-*/%:()", *p)) 245 return (*p); 246 } else if (strlen(p) == 2 && p[1] == '=') { 247 switch (*p) { 248 case '>': return (GE); 249 case '<': return (LE); 250 case '!': return (NE); 251 } 252 } 253 254 yylval.val = make_str(p); 255 return (TOKEN); 256 } 257 258 int 259 is_zero_or_null(struct val *vp) 260 { 261 if (vp->type == integer) 262 return (vp->u.i == 0); 263 264 return (*vp->u.s == 0 || (to_integer(vp) && vp->u.i == 0)); 265 } 266 267 int 268 main(int argc, char *argv[]) 269 { 270 int c; 271 272 setlocale(LC_ALL, ""); 273 if (getenv("EXPR_COMPAT") != NULL 274 || check_utility_compat("expr")) { 275 av = argv + 1; 276 nonposix = 1; 277 } else { 278 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "e")) != -1) { 279 switch (c) { 280 case 'e': 281 nonposix = 1; 282 break; 283 default: 284 errx(ERR_EXIT, 285 "usage: expr [-e] expression\n"); 286 } 287 } 288 av = argv + optind; 289 } 290 291 yyparse(); 292 293 if (result->type == integer) 294 printf("%jd\n", result->u.i); 295 else 296 printf("%s\n", result->u.s); 297 298 return (is_zero_or_null(result)); 299 } 300 301 int 302 yyerror(const char *s __unused) 303 { 304 errx(ERR_EXIT, "syntax error"); 305 } 306 307 struct val * 308 op_or(struct val *a, struct val *b) 309 { 310 if (!is_zero_or_null(a)) { 311 free_value(b); 312 return (a); 313 } 314 free_value(a); 315 if (!is_zero_or_null(b)) 316 return (b); 317 free_value(b); 318 return (make_integer((intmax_t)0)); 319 } 320 321 struct val * 322 op_and(struct val *a, struct val *b) 323 { 324 if (is_zero_or_null(a) || is_zero_or_null(b)) { 325 free_value(a); 326 free_value(b); 327 return (make_integer((intmax_t)0)); 328 } else { 329 free_value(b); 330 return (a); 331 } 332 } 333 334 int 335 compare_vals(struct val *a, struct val *b) 336 { 337 int r; 338 339 if (is_string(a) || is_string(b)) { 340 to_string(a); 341 to_string(b); 342 r = strcoll(a->u.s, b->u.s); 343 } else { 344 assert_to_integer(a); 345 assert_to_integer(b); 346 if (a->u.i > b->u.i) 347 r = 1; 348 else if (a->u.i < b->u.i) 349 r = -1; 350 else 351 r = 0; 352 } 353 354 free_value(a); 355 free_value(b); 356 return (r); 357 } 358 359 struct val * 360 op_eq(struct val *a, struct val *b) 361 { 362 return (make_integer((intmax_t)(compare_vals(a, b) == 0))); 363 } 364 365 struct val * 366 op_gt(struct val *a, struct val *b) 367 { 368 return (make_integer((intmax_t)(compare_vals(a, b) > 0))); 369 } 370 371 struct val * 372 op_lt(struct val *a, struct val *b) 373 { 374 return (make_integer((intmax_t)(compare_vals(a, b) < 0))); 375 } 376 377 struct val * 378 op_ge(struct val *a, struct val *b) 379 { 380 return (make_integer((intmax_t)(compare_vals(a, b) >= 0))); 381 } 382 383 struct val * 384 op_le(struct val *a, struct val *b) 385 { 386 return (make_integer((intmax_t)(compare_vals(a, b) <= 0))); 387 } 388 389 struct val * 390 op_ne(struct val *a, struct val *b) 391 { 392 return (make_integer((intmax_t)(compare_vals(a, b) != 0))); 393 } 394 395 void 396 assert_plus(intmax_t a, intmax_t b, intmax_t r) 397 { 398 /* 399 * sum of two positive numbers must be positive, 400 * sum of two negative numbers must be negative 401 */ 402 if ((a > 0 && b > 0 && r <= 0) || 403 (a < 0 && b < 0 && r >= 0)) 404 errx(ERR_EXIT, "overflow"); 405 } 406 407 struct val * 408 op_plus(struct val *a, struct val *b) 409 { 410 struct val *r; 411 412 assert_to_integer(a); 413 assert_to_integer(b); 414 r = make_integer(a->u.i + b->u.i); 415 assert_plus(a->u.i, b->u.i, r->u.i); 416 417 free_value(a); 418 free_value(b); 419 return (r); 420 } 421 422 void 423 assert_minus(intmax_t a, intmax_t b, intmax_t r) 424 { 425 /* special case subtraction of INTMAX_MIN */ 426 if (b == INTMAX_MIN && a < 0) 427 errx(ERR_EXIT, "overflow"); 428 /* check addition of negative subtrahend */ 429 assert_plus(a, -b, r); 430 } 431 432 struct val * 433 op_minus(struct val *a, struct val *b) 434 { 435 struct val *r; 436 437 assert_to_integer(a); 438 assert_to_integer(b); 439 r = make_integer(a->u.i - b->u.i); 440 assert_minus(a->u.i, b->u.i, r->u.i); 441 442 free_value(a); 443 free_value(b); 444 return (r); 445 } 446 447 void 448 assert_times(intmax_t a, intmax_t b, intmax_t r) 449 { 450 /* 451 * if first operand is 0, no overflow is possible, 452 * else result of division test must match second operand 453 */ 454 if (a != 0 && r / a != b) 455 errx(ERR_EXIT, "overflow"); 456 } 457 458 struct val * 459 op_times(struct val *a, struct val *b) 460 { 461 struct val *r; 462 463 assert_to_integer(a); 464 assert_to_integer(b); 465 r = make_integer(a->u.i * b->u.i); 466 assert_times(a->u.i, b->u.i, r->u.i); 467 468 free_value(a); 469 free_value(b); 470 return (r); 471 } 472 473 void 474 assert_div(intmax_t a, intmax_t b) 475 { 476 if (b == 0) 477 errx(ERR_EXIT, "division by zero"); 478 /* only INTMAX_MIN / -1 causes overflow */ 479 if (a == INTMAX_MIN && b == -1) 480 errx(ERR_EXIT, "overflow"); 481 } 482 483 struct val * 484 op_div(struct val *a, struct val *b) 485 { 486 struct val *r; 487 488 assert_to_integer(a); 489 assert_to_integer(b); 490 /* assert based on operands only, not on result */ 491 assert_div(a->u.i, b->u.i); 492 r = make_integer(a->u.i / b->u.i); 493 494 free_value(a); 495 free_value(b); 496 return (r); 497 } 498 499 struct val * 500 op_rem(struct val *a, struct val *b) 501 { 502 struct val *r; 503 504 assert_to_integer(a); 505 assert_to_integer(b); 506 /* pass a=1 to only check for div by zero */ 507 assert_div(1, b->u.i); 508 r = make_integer(a->u.i % b->u.i); 509 510 free_value(a); 511 free_value(b); 512 return (r); 513 } 514 515 struct val * 516 op_colon(struct val *a, struct val *b) 517 { 518 regex_t rp; 519 regmatch_t rm[2]; 520 char errbuf[256]; 521 int eval; 522 struct val *v; 523 524 /* coerce both arguments to strings */ 525 to_string(a); 526 to_string(b); 527 528 /* compile regular expression */ 529 if ((eval = regcomp(&rp, b->u.s, 0)) != 0) { 530 regerror(eval, &rp, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf)); 531 errx(ERR_EXIT, "%s", errbuf); 532 } 533 534 /* compare string against pattern */ 535 /* remember that patterns are anchored to the beginning of the line */ 536 if (regexec(&rp, a->u.s, (size_t)2, rm, 0) == 0 && rm[0].rm_so == 0) 537 if (rm[1].rm_so >= 0) { 538 *(a->u.s + rm[1].rm_eo) = '\0'; 539 v = make_str(a->u.s + rm[1].rm_so); 540 541 } else 542 v = make_integer((intmax_t)(rm[0].rm_eo)); 543 else 544 if (rp.re_nsub == 0) 545 v = make_integer((intmax_t)0); 546 else 547 v = make_str(""); 548 549 /* free arguments and pattern buffer */ 550 free_value(a); 551 free_value(b); 552 regfree(&rp); 553 554 return (v); 555 } 556