xref: /freebsd/bin/echo/echo.c (revision 732a02b4e77866604a120a275c082bb6221bd2ff)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #if 0
33 #ifndef lint
34 static char const copyright[] =
35 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\
36 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
37 #endif /* not lint */
38 
39 #ifndef lint
40 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)echo.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 5/31/93";
41 #endif /* not lint */
42 #endif
43 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
44 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
45 
46 #include <sys/types.h>
47 #include <sys/uio.h>
48 
49 #include <assert.h>
50 #include <capsicum_helpers.h>
51 #include <err.h>
52 #include <errno.h>
53 #include <limits.h>
54 #include <stdlib.h>
55 #include <string.h>
56 #include <unistd.h>
57 
58 /*
59  * Report an error and exit.
60  * Use it instead of err(3) to avoid linking-in stdio.
61  */
62 static __dead2 void
63 errexit(const char *prog, const char *reason)
64 {
65 	char *errstr = strerror(errno);
66 	write(STDERR_FILENO, prog, strlen(prog));
67 	write(STDERR_FILENO, ": ", 2);
68 	write(STDERR_FILENO, reason, strlen(reason));
69 	write(STDERR_FILENO, ": ", 2);
70 	write(STDERR_FILENO, errstr, strlen(errstr));
71 	write(STDERR_FILENO, "\n", 1);
72 	exit(1);
73 }
74 
75 int
76 main(int argc, char *argv[])
77 {
78 	int nflag;	/* if not set, output a trailing newline. */
79 	int veclen;	/* number of writev arguments. */
80 	struct iovec *iov, *vp; /* Elements to write, current element. */
81 	char space[] = " ";
82 	char newline[] = "\n";
83 	char *progname = argv[0];
84 
85 	if (caph_limit_stdio() < 0 || caph_enter() < 0)
86 		err(1, "capsicum");
87 
88 	/* This utility may NOT do getopt(3) option parsing. */
89 	if (*++argv && !strcmp(*argv, "-n")) {
90 		++argv;
91 		--argc;
92 		nflag = 1;
93 	} else
94 		nflag = 0;
95 
96 	veclen = (argc >= 2) ? (argc - 2) * 2 + 1 : 0;
97 
98 	if ((vp = iov = malloc((veclen + 1) * sizeof(struct iovec))) == NULL)
99 		errexit(progname, "malloc");
100 
101 	while (argv[0] != NULL) {
102 		size_t len;
103 
104 		len = strlen(argv[0]);
105 
106 		/*
107 		 * If the next argument is NULL then this is this
108 		 * the last argument, therefore we need to check
109 		 * for a trailing \c.
110 		 */
111 		if (argv[1] == NULL) {
112 			/* is there room for a '\c' and is there one? */
113 			if (len >= 2 &&
114 			    argv[0][len - 2] == '\\' &&
115 			    argv[0][len - 1] == 'c') {
116 				/* chop it and set the no-newline flag. */
117 				len -= 2;
118 				nflag = 1;
119 			}
120 		}
121 		vp->iov_base = *argv;
122 		vp++->iov_len = len;
123 		if (*++argv) {
124 			vp->iov_base = space;
125 			vp++->iov_len = 1;
126 		}
127 	}
128 	if (!nflag) {
129 		veclen++;
130 		vp->iov_base = newline;
131 		vp++->iov_len = 1;
132 	}
133 	/* assert(veclen == (vp - iov)); */
134 	while (veclen) {
135 		int nwrite;
136 
137 		nwrite = (veclen > IOV_MAX) ? IOV_MAX : veclen;
138 		if (writev(STDOUT_FILENO, iov, nwrite) == -1)
139 			errexit(progname, "write");
140 		iov += nwrite;
141 		veclen -= nwrite;
142 	}
143 	return 0;
144 }
145