xref: /freebsd/bin/echo/echo.c (revision 57718be8fa0bd5edc11ab9a72e68cc71982939a6)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15  *    without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  */
29 
30 #if 0
31 #ifndef lint
32 static char const copyright[] =
33 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\
34 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
35 #endif /* not lint */
36 
37 #ifndef lint
38 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)echo.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 5/31/93";
39 #endif /* not lint */
40 #endif
41 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
42 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
43 
44 #include <sys/types.h>
45 #include <sys/uio.h>
46 
47 #include <assert.h>
48 #include <errno.h>
49 #include <limits.h>
50 #include <stdlib.h>
51 #include <string.h>
52 #include <unistd.h>
53 
54 /*
55  * Report an error and exit.
56  * Use it instead of err(3) to avoid linking-in stdio.
57  */
58 static __dead2 void
59 errexit(const char *prog, const char *reason)
60 {
61 	char *errstr = strerror(errno);
62 	write(STDERR_FILENO, prog, strlen(prog));
63 	write(STDERR_FILENO, ": ", 2);
64 	write(STDERR_FILENO, reason, strlen(reason));
65 	write(STDERR_FILENO, ": ", 2);
66 	write(STDERR_FILENO, errstr, strlen(errstr));
67 	write(STDERR_FILENO, "\n", 1);
68 	exit(1);
69 }
70 
71 int
72 main(int argc, char *argv[])
73 {
74 	int nflag;	/* if not set, output a trailing newline. */
75 	int veclen;	/* number of writev arguments. */
76 	struct iovec *iov, *vp; /* Elements to write, current element. */
77 	char space[] = " ";
78 	char newline[] = "\n";
79 	char *progname = argv[0];
80 
81 	/* This utility may NOT do getopt(3) option parsing. */
82 	if (*++argv && !strcmp(*argv, "-n")) {
83 		++argv;
84 		--argc;
85 		nflag = 1;
86 	} else
87 		nflag = 0;
88 
89 	veclen = (argc >= 2) ? (argc - 2) * 2 + 1 : 0;
90 
91 	if ((vp = iov = malloc((veclen + 1) * sizeof(struct iovec))) == NULL)
92 		errexit(progname, "malloc");
93 
94 	while (argv[0] != NULL) {
95 		size_t len;
96 
97 		len = strlen(argv[0]);
98 
99 		/*
100 		 * If the next argument is NULL then this is this
101 		 * the last argument, therefore we need to check
102 		 * for a trailing \c.
103 		 */
104 		if (argv[1] == NULL) {
105 			/* is there room for a '\c' and is there one? */
106 			if (len >= 2 &&
107 			    argv[0][len - 2] == '\\' &&
108 			    argv[0][len - 1] == 'c') {
109 				/* chop it and set the no-newline flag. */
110 				len -= 2;
111 				nflag = 1;
112 			}
113 		}
114 		vp->iov_base = *argv;
115 		vp++->iov_len = len;
116 		if (*++argv) {
117 			vp->iov_base = space;
118 			vp++->iov_len = 1;
119 		}
120 	}
121 	if (!nflag) {
122 		veclen++;
123 		vp->iov_base = newline;
124 		vp++->iov_len = 1;
125 	}
126 	/* assert(veclen == (vp - iov)); */
127 	while (veclen) {
128 		int nwrite;
129 
130 		nwrite = (veclen > IOV_MAX) ? IOV_MAX : veclen;
131 		if (writev(STDOUT_FILENO, iov, nwrite) == -1)
132 			errexit(progname, "write");
133 		iov += nwrite;
134 		veclen -= nwrite;
135 	}
136 	return 0;
137 }
138