xref: /freebsd/bin/dd/args.c (revision e12ff891366cf94db4bfe4c2c810b26a5531053d)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993, 1994
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
8  * Keith Muller of the University of California, San Diego and Lance
9  * Visser of Convex Computer Corporation.
10  *
11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13  * are met:
14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
20  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
21  *    without specific prior written permission.
22  *
23  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
24  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
25  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
26  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
27  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
28  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
29  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
30  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
31  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
32  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
33  * SUCH DAMAGE.
34  */
35 
36 #ifndef lint
37 #if 0
38 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)args.c	8.3 (Berkeley) 4/2/94";
39 #endif
40 #endif /* not lint */
41 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
42 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
43 
44 #include <sys/types.h>
45 
46 #include <ctype.h>
47 #include <err.h>
48 #include <errno.h>
49 #include <inttypes.h>
50 #include <limits.h>
51 #include <signal.h>
52 #include <stdlib.h>
53 #include <string.h>
54 
55 #include "dd.h"
56 #include "extern.h"
57 
58 static int	c_arg(const void *, const void *);
59 static int	c_conv(const void *, const void *);
60 static void	f_bs(char *);
61 static void	f_cbs(char *);
62 static void	f_conv(char *);
63 static void	f_count(char *);
64 static void	f_files(char *);
65 static void	f_fillchar(char *);
66 static void	f_ibs(char *);
67 static void	f_if(char *);
68 static void	f_obs(char *);
69 static void	f_of(char *);
70 static void	f_seek(char *);
71 static void	f_skip(char *);
72 static void	f_speed(char *);
73 static void	f_status(char *);
74 static uintmax_t get_num(const char *);
75 static off_t	get_off_t(const char *);
76 
77 static const struct arg {
78 	const char *name;
79 	void (*f)(char *);
80 	u_int set, noset;
81 } args[] = {
82 	{ "bs",		f_bs,		C_BS,	 C_BS|C_IBS|C_OBS|C_OSYNC },
83 	{ "cbs",	f_cbs,		C_CBS,	 C_CBS },
84 	{ "conv",	f_conv,		0,	 0 },
85 	{ "count",	f_count,	C_COUNT, C_COUNT },
86 	{ "files",	f_files,	C_FILES, C_FILES },
87 	{ "fillchar",	f_fillchar,	C_FILL,	 C_FILL },
88 	{ "ibs",	f_ibs,		C_IBS,	 C_BS|C_IBS },
89 	{ "if",		f_if,		C_IF,	 C_IF },
90 	{ "iseek",	f_skip,		C_SKIP,	 C_SKIP },
91 	{ "obs",	f_obs,		C_OBS,	 C_BS|C_OBS },
92 	{ "of",		f_of,		C_OF,	 C_OF },
93 	{ "oseek",	f_seek,		C_SEEK,	 C_SEEK },
94 	{ "seek",	f_seek,		C_SEEK,	 C_SEEK },
95 	{ "skip",	f_skip,		C_SKIP,	 C_SKIP },
96 	{ "speed",	f_speed,	0,	 0 },
97 	{ "status",	f_status,	C_STATUS,C_STATUS },
98 };
99 
100 static char *oper;
101 
102 /*
103  * args -- parse JCL syntax of dd.
104  */
105 void
106 jcl(char **argv)
107 {
108 	struct arg *ap, tmp;
109 	char *arg;
110 
111 	in.dbsz = out.dbsz = 512;
112 
113 	while ((oper = *++argv) != NULL) {
114 		if ((oper = strdup(oper)) == NULL)
115 			errx(1, "unable to allocate space for the argument \"%s\"", *argv);
116 		if ((arg = strchr(oper, '=')) == NULL)
117 			errx(1, "unknown operand %s", oper);
118 		*arg++ = '\0';
119 		if (!*arg)
120 			errx(1, "no value specified for %s", oper);
121 		tmp.name = oper;
122 		if (!(ap = (struct arg *)bsearch(&tmp, args,
123 		    sizeof(args)/sizeof(struct arg), sizeof(struct arg),
124 		    c_arg)))
125 			errx(1, "unknown operand %s", tmp.name);
126 		if (ddflags & ap->noset)
127 			errx(1, "%s: illegal argument combination or already set",
128 			    tmp.name);
129 		ddflags |= ap->set;
130 		ap->f(arg);
131 	}
132 
133 	/* Final sanity checks. */
134 
135 	if (ddflags & C_BS) {
136 		/*
137 		 * Bs is turned off by any conversion -- we assume the user
138 		 * just wanted to set both the input and output block sizes
139 		 * and didn't want the bs semantics, so we don't warn.
140 		 */
141 		if (ddflags & (C_BLOCK | C_LCASE | C_SWAB | C_UCASE |
142 		    C_UNBLOCK))
143 			ddflags &= ~C_BS;
144 
145 		/* Bs supersedes ibs and obs. */
146 		if (ddflags & C_BS && ddflags & (C_IBS | C_OBS))
147 			warnx("bs supersedes ibs and obs");
148 	}
149 
150 	/*
151 	 * Ascii/ebcdic and cbs implies block/unblock.
152 	 * Block/unblock requires cbs and vice-versa.
153 	 */
154 	if (ddflags & (C_BLOCK | C_UNBLOCK)) {
155 		if (!(ddflags & C_CBS))
156 			errx(1, "record operations require cbs");
157 		if (cbsz == 0)
158 			errx(1, "cbs cannot be zero");
159 		cfunc = ddflags & C_BLOCK ? block : unblock;
160 	} else if (ddflags & C_CBS) {
161 		if (ddflags & (C_ASCII | C_EBCDIC)) {
162 			if (ddflags & C_ASCII) {
163 				ddflags |= C_UNBLOCK;
164 				cfunc = unblock;
165 			} else {
166 				ddflags |= C_BLOCK;
167 				cfunc = block;
168 			}
169 		} else
170 			errx(1, "cbs meaningless if not doing record operations");
171 	} else
172 		cfunc = def;
173 }
174 
175 static int
176 c_arg(const void *a, const void *b)
177 {
178 
179 	return (strcmp(((const struct arg *)a)->name,
180 	    ((const struct arg *)b)->name));
181 }
182 
183 static void
184 f_bs(char *arg)
185 {
186 	uintmax_t res;
187 
188 	res = get_num(arg);
189 	if (res < 1 || res > SSIZE_MAX)
190 		errx(1, "bs must be between 1 and %zd", (ssize_t)SSIZE_MAX);
191 	in.dbsz = out.dbsz = (size_t)res;
192 }
193 
194 static void
195 f_cbs(char *arg)
196 {
197 	uintmax_t res;
198 
199 	res = get_num(arg);
200 	if (res < 1 || res > SSIZE_MAX)
201 		errx(1, "cbs must be between 1 and %zd", (ssize_t)SSIZE_MAX);
202 	cbsz = (size_t)res;
203 }
204 
205 static void
206 f_count(char *arg)
207 {
208 	uintmax_t res;
209 
210 	res = get_num(arg);
211 	if (res == UINTMAX_MAX)
212 		errc(1, ERANGE, "%s", oper);
213 	if (res == 0)
214 		cpy_cnt = UINTMAX_MAX;
215 	else
216 		cpy_cnt = res;
217 }
218 
219 static void
220 f_files(char *arg)
221 {
222 
223 	files_cnt = get_num(arg);
224 	if (files_cnt < 1)
225 		errx(1, "files must be between 1 and %zu", SIZE_MAX);
226 }
227 
228 static void
229 f_fillchar(char *arg)
230 {
231 
232 	if (strlen(arg) != 1)
233 		errx(1, "need exactly one fill char");
234 
235 	fill_char = arg[0];
236 }
237 
238 static void
239 f_ibs(char *arg)
240 {
241 	uintmax_t res;
242 
243 	if (!(ddflags & C_BS)) {
244 		res = get_num(arg);
245 		if (res < 1 || res > SSIZE_MAX)
246 			errx(1, "ibs must be between 1 and %zd",
247 			    (ssize_t)SSIZE_MAX);
248 		in.dbsz = (size_t)res;
249 	}
250 }
251 
252 static void
253 f_if(char *arg)
254 {
255 
256 	in.name = arg;
257 }
258 
259 static void
260 f_obs(char *arg)
261 {
262 	uintmax_t res;
263 
264 	if (!(ddflags & C_BS)) {
265 		res = get_num(arg);
266 		if (res < 1 || res > SSIZE_MAX)
267 			errx(1, "obs must be between 1 and %zd",
268 			    (ssize_t)SSIZE_MAX);
269 		out.dbsz = (size_t)res;
270 	}
271 }
272 
273 static void
274 f_of(char *arg)
275 {
276 
277 	out.name = arg;
278 }
279 
280 static void
281 f_seek(char *arg)
282 {
283 
284 	out.offset = get_off_t(arg);
285 }
286 
287 static void
288 f_skip(char *arg)
289 {
290 
291 	in.offset = get_off_t(arg);
292 }
293 
294 static void
295 f_speed(char *arg)
296 {
297 
298 	speed = get_num(arg);
299 }
300 
301 static void
302 f_status(char *arg)
303 {
304 
305 	if (strcmp(arg, "none") == 0)
306 		ddflags |= C_NOINFO;
307 	else if (strcmp(arg, "noxfer") == 0)
308 		ddflags |= C_NOXFER;
309 	else if (strcmp(arg, "progress") == 0)
310 		ddflags |= C_PROGRESS;
311 	else
312 		errx(1, "unknown status %s", arg);
313 }
314 
315 static const struct conv {
316 	const char *name;
317 	u_int set, noset;
318 	const u_char *ctab;
319 } clist[] = {
320 	{ "ascii",	C_ASCII,	C_EBCDIC,	e2a_POSIX },
321 	{ "block",	C_BLOCK,	C_UNBLOCK,	NULL },
322 	{ "ebcdic",	C_EBCDIC,	C_ASCII,	a2e_POSIX },
323 	{ "fsync",	C_FSYNC,	0,		NULL },
324 	{ "ibm",	C_EBCDIC,	C_ASCII,	a2ibm_POSIX },
325 	{ "lcase",	C_LCASE,	C_UCASE,	NULL },
326 	{ "noerror",	C_NOERROR,	0,		NULL },
327 	{ "notrunc",	C_NOTRUNC,	0,		NULL },
328 	{ "oldascii",	C_ASCII,	C_EBCDIC,	e2a_32V },
329 	{ "oldebcdic",	C_EBCDIC,	C_ASCII,	a2e_32V },
330 	{ "oldibm",	C_EBCDIC,	C_ASCII,	a2ibm_32V },
331 	{ "osync",	C_OSYNC,	C_BS,		NULL },
332 	{ "pareven",	C_PAREVEN,	C_PARODD|C_PARSET|C_PARNONE, NULL},
333 	{ "parnone",	C_PARNONE,	C_PARODD|C_PARSET|C_PAREVEN, NULL},
334 	{ "parodd",	C_PARODD,	C_PAREVEN|C_PARSET|C_PARNONE, NULL},
335 	{ "parset",	C_PARSET,	C_PARODD|C_PAREVEN|C_PARNONE, NULL},
336 	{ "sparse",	C_SPARSE,	0,		NULL },
337 	{ "swab",	C_SWAB,		0,		NULL },
338 	{ "sync",	C_SYNC,		0,		NULL },
339 	{ "ucase",	C_UCASE,	C_LCASE,	NULL },
340 	{ "unblock",	C_UNBLOCK,	C_BLOCK,	NULL },
341 };
342 
343 static void
344 f_conv(char *arg)
345 {
346 	struct conv *cp, tmp;
347 
348 	while (arg != NULL) {
349 		tmp.name = strsep(&arg, ",");
350 		cp = bsearch(&tmp, clist, sizeof(clist) / sizeof(struct conv),
351 		    sizeof(struct conv), c_conv);
352 		if (cp == NULL)
353 			errx(1, "unknown conversion %s", tmp.name);
354 		if (ddflags & cp->noset)
355 			errx(1, "%s: illegal conversion combination", tmp.name);
356 		ddflags |= cp->set;
357 		if (cp->ctab)
358 			ctab = cp->ctab;
359 	}
360 }
361 
362 static int
363 c_conv(const void *a, const void *b)
364 {
365 
366 	return (strcmp(((const struct conv *)a)->name,
367 	    ((const struct conv *)b)->name));
368 }
369 
370 static intmax_t
371 postfix_to_mult(const char expr)
372 {
373 	intmax_t mult;
374 
375 	mult = 0;
376 	switch (expr) {
377 	case 'B':
378 	case 'b':
379 		mult = 512;
380 		break;
381 	case 'K':
382 	case 'k':
383 		mult = 1 << 10;
384 		break;
385 	case 'M':
386 	case 'm':
387 		mult = 1 << 20;
388 		break;
389 	case 'G':
390 	case 'g':
391 		mult = 1 << 30;
392 		break;
393 	case 'T':
394 	case 't':
395 		mult = (uintmax_t)1 << 40;
396 		break;
397 	case 'P':
398 	case 'p':
399 		mult = (uintmax_t)1 << 50;
400 		break;
401 	case 'W':
402 	case 'w':
403 		mult = sizeof(int);
404 		break;
405 	}
406 
407 	return (mult);
408 }
409 
410 /*
411  * Convert an expression of the following forms to a uintmax_t.
412  * 	1) A positive decimal number.
413  *	2) A positive decimal number followed by a 'b' or 'B' (mult by 512).
414  *	3) A positive decimal number followed by a 'k' or 'K' (mult by 1 << 10).
415  *	4) A positive decimal number followed by a 'm' or 'M' (mult by 1 << 20).
416  *	5) A positive decimal number followed by a 'g' or 'G' (mult by 1 << 30).
417  *	6) A positive decimal number followed by a 't' or 'T' (mult by 1 << 40).
418  *	7) A positive decimal number followed by a 'p' or 'P' (mult by 1 << 50).
419  *	8) A positive decimal number followed by a 'w' or 'W' (mult by sizeof int).
420  *	9) Two or more positive decimal numbers (with/without [BbKkMmGgWw])
421  *	   separated by 'x' or 'X' (also '*' for backwards compatibility),
422  *	   specifying the product of the indicated values.
423  */
424 static uintmax_t
425 get_num(const char *val)
426 {
427 	uintmax_t num, mult, prevnum;
428 	char *expr;
429 
430 	errno = 0;
431 	num = strtoumax(val, &expr, 0);
432 	if (expr == val)			/* No valid digits. */
433 		errx(1, "%s: invalid numeric value", oper);
434 	if (errno != 0)
435 		err(1, "%s", oper);
436 
437 	mult = postfix_to_mult(*expr);
438 
439 	if (mult != 0) {
440 		prevnum = num;
441 		num *= mult;
442 		/* Check for overflow. */
443 		if (num / mult != prevnum)
444 			goto erange;
445 		expr++;
446 	}
447 
448 	switch (*expr) {
449 		case '\0':
450 			break;
451 		case '*':			/* Backward compatible. */
452 		case 'X':
453 		case 'x':
454 			mult = get_num(expr + 1);
455 			prevnum = num;
456 			num *= mult;
457 			if (num / mult == prevnum)
458 				break;
459 erange:
460 			errx(1, "%s: %s", oper, strerror(ERANGE));
461 		default:
462 			errx(1, "%s: illegal numeric value", oper);
463 	}
464 	return (num);
465 }
466 
467 /*
468  * Convert an expression of the following forms to an off_t.  This is the
469  * same as get_num(), but it uses signed numbers.
470  *
471  * The major problem here is that an off_t may not necessarily be a intmax_t.
472  */
473 static off_t
474 get_off_t(const char *val)
475 {
476 	intmax_t num, mult, prevnum;
477 	char *expr;
478 
479 	errno = 0;
480 	num = strtoimax(val, &expr, 0);
481 	if (expr == val)			/* No valid digits. */
482 		errx(1, "%s: invalid numeric value", oper);
483 	if (errno != 0)
484 		err(1, "%s", oper);
485 
486 	mult = postfix_to_mult(*expr);
487 
488 	if (mult != 0) {
489 		prevnum = num;
490 		num *= mult;
491 		/* Check for overflow. */
492 		if ((prevnum > 0) != (num > 0) || num / mult != prevnum)
493 			goto erange;
494 		expr++;
495 	}
496 
497 	switch (*expr) {
498 		case '\0':
499 			break;
500 		case '*':			/* Backward compatible. */
501 		case 'X':
502 		case 'x':
503 			mult = (intmax_t)get_off_t(expr + 1);
504 			prevnum = num;
505 			num *= mult;
506 			if ((prevnum > 0) == (num > 0) && num / mult == prevnum)
507 				break;
508 erange:
509 			errx(1, "%s: %s", oper, strerror(ERANGE));
510 		default:
511 			errx(1, "%s: illegal numeric value", oper);
512 	}
513 	return (num);
514 }
515