1.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1990, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 5.\" the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 6.\" 7.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9.\" are met: 10.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 12.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 14.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 15.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 16.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 17.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 18.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 19.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 20.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 21.\" without specific prior written permission. 22.\" 23.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 24.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 25.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 26.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 27.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 28.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 29.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 30.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 31.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 32.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 33.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 34.\" 35.\" @(#)date.1 8.3 (Berkeley) 4/28/95 36.\" $FreeBSD$ 37.\" 38.Dd November 17, 1993 39.Dt DATE 1 40.Os 41.Sh NAME 42.Nm date 43.Nd display or set date and time 44.Sh SYNOPSIS 45.Nm date 46.Op Fl jnu 47.Op Fl d Ar dst 48.Op Fl r Ar seconds 49.Op Fl t Ar minutes_west 50.Op Fl v Ns Ar [+|-]val Ns Op ymwdHMS 51.Ar ... 52.Op Fl f Ar fmt Ar date | [[[[yy]mm]dd]HH]MM[\&.ss] 53.Op Cm + Ns Ar format 54.Sh DESCRIPTION 55.Nm Date 56displays the current date and time when invoked without arguments. 57Providing arguments will format the date and time in a user-defined 58way or set the date. 59Only the superuser may set the date. 60.Pp 61The options are as follows: 62.Bl -tag -width Ds 63.It Fl d 64Set the kernel's value for daylight savings time. 65If 66.Ar dst 67is non-zero, future calls 68to 69.Xr gettimeofday 2 70will return a non-zero 71.Ql tz_dsttime . 72.It Fl f 73Use 74.Ar fmt 75as the format string to parse the date provided rather than using 76the default 77.Ar [[[[yy]mm]dd]HH]MM[.ss] 78format. Parsing is done using 79.Xr strptime 3 . 80.It Fl j 81Do not try to set the date. This allows you to use the 82.Fl f 83flag in addition to the 84.Cm + 85option to convert one date format to another. 86.It Fl n 87The utility 88.Xr timed 8 89is used to synchronize the clocks on groups of machines. 90By default, if 91.Xr timed 92is running, 93.Nm 94will set the time on all of the machines in the local group. 95The 96.Fl n 97option stops 98.Nm 99from setting the time for other than the current machine. 100.It Fl r 101Print out the date and time in 102.Ar seconds 103from the Epoch. 104.It Fl t 105Set the kernel's value for minutes west of 106.Tn GMT . 107.Ar Minutes_west 108specifies the number of minutes returned in 109.Ql tz_minuteswest 110by future calls to 111.Xr gettimeofday 2 . 112.It Fl u 113Display or set the date in 114.Tn UCT 115(universal) time. 116.It Fl v 117Adjust the second, minute, hour, month day, week day, month or year according to 118.Ar val . 119If 120.Ar val 121is preceded with a plus or minus sign, the date is adjusted forwards 122or backwards according to the remaining string, otherwise the relevant 123part of the date is set. The date can be adjusted as many times as 124required using these flags. Flags are processed in the order given. 125.Pp 126Seconds are in the range 0-59, minutes are in the range 0-59, hours are 127in the range 1-12, month days are in the range 1-31, week days are in the 128range 0-6 (Sun-Sat), months are in the range 1-12 (Jan-Dec) and years are 129in the range 80-38 or 1980-2038. 130.Pp 131If 132.Ar val 133is numeric, one of either 134.Ar y , 135.Ar m , 136.Ar w , 137.Ar d , 138.Ar H , 139.Ar M 140or 141.Ar S 142must be used to specify which part of the date is to be adjusted. 143.Pp 144The week day or month may be specified using a name rather than a 145number. If a name is used with the plus (or minus) sign, the date 146will be put forwards (or backwards) to the next (previous) date that 147matches the given week day or month. This will not adjust the date 148if the given week day or month is the same as the current one. 149.Pp 150Refer to the examples below for further details. 151.El 152.Pp 153An operand with a leading plus (``+'') sign signals a user-defined format 154string which specifies the format in which to display the date and time. 155The format string may contain any of the conversion specifications described 156in the 157.Xr strftime 3 158manual page, as well as any arbitrary text. 159A <newline> character is always output after the characters specified by 160the format string. 161The format string for the default display is: 162.Bd -literal -offset indent 163``+%+'' 164.Ed 165.Pp 166If an operand does not have a leading plus sign, it is interpreted as 167a value for setting the system's notion of the current date and time. 168The canonical representation for setting the date and time is: 169.Pp 170.Bl -tag -width Ds -compact -offset indent 171.It Ar yy 172Year in abbreviated form (e.g. 89 for 1989, 06 for 2006). 173.It Ar mm 174Numeric month. 175A number from 1 to 12. 176.It Ar dd 177Day, a number from 1 to 31. 178.It Ar HH 179Hour, a number from 0 to 23. 180.It Ar MM 181Minutes, a number from 0 to 59. 182.It Ar .ss 183Seconds, a number from 0 to 61 (59 plus a maximum of two leap seconds). 184.El 185.Pp 186Everything but the minutes is optional. 187.Pp 188Time changes for Daylight Saving and Standard time and leap seconds 189and years are handled automatically. 190.Sh EXAMPLES 191The command: 192.Bd -literal -offset indent 193date "+DATE: %Y-%m-%d%nTIME: %H:%M:%S" 194.Ed 195.Pp 196will display: 197.Bd -literal -offset indent 198DATE: 1987-11-21 199TIME: 13:36:16 200.Ed 201.Pp 202The command: 203.Bd -literal -offset indent 204date -v1m -v+1y 205.Ed 206.Pp 207will display: 208.Bd -literal -offset indent 209Sun Jan 4 03:15:24 GMT 1998 210.Ed 211.Pp 212(where it is currently Mon Aug 4 04:15:24 BST 1997). 213.Pp 214The command: 215.Bd -literal -offset indent 216date -v1d -v3m -v0y -v-1d 217.Ed 218.Pp 219will display the last day of February in the year 2000: 220.Bd -literal -offset indent 221Tue Feb 29 03:18:00 GMT 2000 222.Ed 223.Pp 224The command: 225.Bd -literal -offset indent 226date -v1d -v+1m -v-1d -v-fri 227.Ed 228.Pp 229will display the last Friday of the month: 230.Bd -literal -offset indent 231Fri Aug 29 04:31:11 BST 1997 232.Ed 233.Pp 234(where it is currently Mon Aug 4 04:31:11 BST 1997). 235.Pp 236The command: 237.Bd -literal -offset indent 238date 8506131627 239.Ed 240.Pp 241sets the date to 242.Dq Li "June 13, 1985, 4:27 PM" . 243.Pp 244The command: 245.Bd -literal -offset indent 246date 1432 247.Ed 248.Pp 249sets the time to 250.Li "2:32 PM" , 251without modifying the date. 252.Sh ENVIRONMENT 253The execution of 254.Nm 255is affected by the following environment variables: 256.Bl -tag -width Ds 257.It Ev TZ 258The timezone to use when displaying dates. 259The normal format is a pathname relative to 260.Pa /usr/share/zoneinfo . 261For example, the command 262.Dq TZ=America/Los_Angeles date 263displays the current time in California. 264See 265.Xr environ 7 266for more information. 267.El 268.Sh FILES 269.Bl -tag -width /var/log/messages -compact 270.It Pa /var/log/wtmp 271a record of date resets and time changes 272.It Pa /var/log/messages 273a record of the user setting the time 274.El 275.Sh SEE ALSO 276.Xr gettimeofday 2 , 277.Xr strftime 3 , 278.Xr strptime 3 , 279.Xr utmp 5 , 280.Xr timed 8 281.Rs 282.%T "TSP: The Time Synchronization Protocol for UNIX 4.3BSD" 283.%A R. Gusella 284.%A S. Zatti 285.Re 286.Sh DIAGNOSTICS 287The 288.Nm 289utility exits 0 on success, 1 if unable to set the date, and 2 290if able to set the local date, but unable to set it globally. 291.Pp 292Occasionally, when 293.Xr timed 294synchronizes the time on many hosts, the setting of a new time value may 295require more than a few seconds. 296On these occasions, 297.Nm 298prints: 299.Ql Network time being set . 300The message 301.Ql Communication error with timed 302occurs when the communication 303between 304.Nm 305and 306.Xr timed 307fails. 308.Sh STANDARDS 309The 310.Nm 311command is expected to be compatible with 312.St -p1003.2 . 313.Sh HISTORY 314A 315.Nm 316command appeared in 317.At v1 . 318