1.\"- 2.\" Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, 1993, 1994 3.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 4.\" 5.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 6.\" the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 7.\" 8.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 9.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 10.\" are met: 11.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 13.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 14.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 15.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 16.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 17.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 18.\" without specific prior written permission. 19.\" 20.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 21.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 22.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 23.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 24.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 25.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 26.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 27.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 28.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 29.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 30.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 31.\" 32.\" @(#)chflags.1 8.4 (Berkeley) 5/2/95 33.\" $FreeBSD$ 34.\" 35.Dd February 24, 2005 36.Dt CHFLAGS 1 37.Os 38.Sh NAME 39.Nm chflags 40.Nd change file flags 41.Sh SYNOPSIS 42.Nm 43.Oo 44.Fl R 45.Op Fl H | Fl L | Fl P 46.Oc 47.Ar flags 48.Ar 49.Sh DESCRIPTION 50The 51.Nm 52utility modifies the file flags of the listed files 53as specified by the 54.Ar flags 55operand. 56.Pp 57The options are as follows: 58.Bl -tag -width indent 59.It Fl H 60If the 61.Fl R 62option is specified, symbolic links on the command line are followed. 63(Symbolic links encountered in the tree traversal are not followed.) 64.It Fl L 65If the 66.Fl R 67option is specified, all symbolic links are followed. 68.It Fl P 69If the 70.Fl R 71option is specified, no symbolic links are followed. 72This is the default. 73.It Fl R 74Change the file flags for the file hierarchies rooted 75in the files instead of just the files themselves. 76.El 77.Pp 78The flags are specified as an octal number or a comma separated list 79of keywords. 80The following keywords are currently defined: 81.Pp 82.Bl -tag -offset indent -width ".Ar opaque" 83.It Ar arch , archived 84set the archived flag (super-user only) 85.It Ar opaque 86set the opaque flag (owner or super-user only) 87.It Ar nodump 88set the nodump flag (owner or super-user only) 89.It Ar sappnd , sappend 90set the system append-only flag (super-user only) 91.It Ar schg , schange , simmutable 92set the system immutable flag (super-user only) 93.It Ar sunlnk , sunlink 94set the system undeletable flag (super-user only) 95.It Ar uappnd , uappend 96set the user append-only flag (owner or super-user only) 97.It Ar uchg , uchange , uimmutable 98set the user immutable flag (owner or super-user only) 99.It Ar uunlnk , uunlink 100set the user undeletable flag (owner or super-user only) 101.El 102.Pp 103Putting the letters 104.Dq Ar no 105before or removing the letters 106.Dq Ar no 107from a keyword causes the flag to be cleared. 108For example: 109.Pp 110.Bl -tag -offset indent -width "nouchg" -compact 111.It Ar nouchg 112clear the user immutable flag (owner or super-user only) 113.It Ar dump 114clear the nodump flag (owner or super-user only) 115.El 116.Pp 117Symbolic links do not have flags, so unless the 118.Fl H 119or 120.Fl L 121option is set, 122.Nm 123on a symbolic link always succeeds and has no effect. 124The 125.Fl H , 126.Fl L 127and 128.Fl P 129options are ignored unless the 130.Fl R 131option is specified. 132In addition, these options override each other and the 133command's actions are determined by the last one specified. 134.Pp 135You can use "ls -lo" to see the flags of existing files. 136.Sh EXIT STATUS 137.Ex -std 138.Sh SEE ALSO 139.Xr ls 1 , 140.Xr chflags 2 , 141.Xr stat 2 , 142.Xr fts 3 , 143.Xr symlink 7 144.Sh BUGS 145Only a limited number of utilities are 146.Nm 147aware. 148Some of these tools include 149.Xr ls 1 , 150.Xr cp 1 , 151.Xr find 1 , 152.Xr install 1 , 153.Xr dump 8 , 154and 155.Xr restore 8 . 156In particular a tool which is not currently 157.Nm 158aware is the 159.Xr pax 1 160utility. 161.Sh HISTORY 162The 163.Nm 164command first appeared in 165.Bx 4.4 . 166