1.\" Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, 1993, 1994 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 5.\" the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 6.\" 7.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9.\" are met: 10.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 12.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 14.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 15.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 16.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 17.\" without specific prior written permission. 18.\" 19.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 20.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 21.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 22.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 23.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 24.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 25.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 26.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 27.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 28.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 29.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 30.\" 31.\" @(#)chflags.1 8.4 (Berkeley) 5/2/95 32.\" $FreeBSD$ 33.\" 34.Dd March 24, 2003 35.Dt CHFLAGS 1 36.Os 37.Sh NAME 38.Nm chflags 39.Nd change file flags 40.Sh SYNOPSIS 41.Nm 42.Oo 43.Fl R 44.Op Fl H | Fl L | Fl P 45.Oc 46.Ar flags 47.Ar 48.Sh DESCRIPTION 49The 50.Nm 51utility modifies the file flags of the listed files 52as specified by the 53.Ar flags 54operand. 55.Pp 56The options are as follows: 57.Bl -tag -width indent 58.It Fl H 59If the 60.Fl R 61option is specified, symbolic links on the command line are followed. 62(Symbolic links encountered in the tree traversal are not followed.) 63.It Fl L 64If the 65.Fl R 66option is specified, all symbolic links are followed. 67.It Fl P 68If the 69.Fl R 70option is specified, no symbolic links are followed. 71This is the default. 72.It Fl R 73Change the file flags for the file hierarchies rooted 74in the files instead of just the files themselves. 75.El 76.Pp 77The flags are specified as an octal number or a comma separated list 78of keywords. 79The following keywords are currently defined: 80.Pp 81.Bl -tag -offset indent -width ".Ar opaque" 82.It Ar arch , archived 83set the archived flag (super-user only) 84.It Ar opaque 85set the opaque flag (owner or super-user only) 86.It Ar nodump 87set the nodump flag (owner or super-user only) 88.It Ar sappnd , sappend 89set the system append-only flag (super-user only) 90.It Ar schg , schange , simmutable 91set the system immutable flag (super-user only) 92.It Ar sunlnk , sunlink 93set the system undeletable flag (super-user only) 94.It Ar uappnd , uappend 95set the user append-only flag (owner or super-user only) 96.It Ar uchg , uchange , uimmutable 97set the user immutable flag (owner or super-user only) 98.It Ar uunlnk , uunlink 99set the user undeletable flag (owner or super-user only) 100.El 101.Pp 102Putting the letters 103.Dq Ar no 104before or removing the letters 105.Dq Ar no 106from a keyword causes the flag to be cleared. 107For example: 108.Pp 109.Bl -tag -offset indent -width "nouchg" -compact 110.It Ar nouchg 111clear the user immutable flag (owner or super-user only) 112.It Ar dump 113clear the nodump flag (owner or super-user only) 114.El 115.Pp 116Symbolic links do not have flags, so unless the 117.Fl H 118or 119.Fl L 120option is set, 121.Nm 122on a symbolic link always succeeds and has no effect. 123The 124.Fl H , 125.Fl L 126and 127.Fl P 128options are ignored unless the 129.Fl R 130option is specified. 131In addition, these options override each other and the 132command's actions are determined by the last one specified. 133.Pp 134You can use "ls -lo" to see the flags of existing files. 135.Sh DIAGNOSTICS 136.Ex -std 137.Sh SEE ALSO 138.Xr ls 1 , 139.Xr chflags 2 , 140.Xr stat 2 , 141.Xr fts 3 , 142.Xr symlink 7 143.Sh HISTORY 144The 145.Nm 146command first appeared in 147.Bx 4.4 . 148