1.\" Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, 1993, 1994 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 5.\" the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 6.\" 7.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9.\" are met: 10.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 12.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 14.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 15.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 16.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 17.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 18.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 19.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 20.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 21.\" without specific prior written permission. 22.\" 23.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 24.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 25.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 26.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 27.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 28.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 29.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 30.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 31.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 32.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 33.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 34.\" 35.\" @(#)chflags.1 8.4 (Berkeley) 5/2/95 36.\" $FreeBSD$ 37.\" 38.Dd May 2, 1995 39.Dt CHFLAGS 1 40.Os 41.Sh NAME 42.Nm chflags 43.Nd change file flags 44.Sh SYNOPSIS 45.Nm 46.Oo 47.Fl R 48.Op Fl H | Fl L | Fl P 49.Oc 50.Ar flags 51.Ar 52.Sh DESCRIPTION 53The 54.Nm 55utility modifies the file flags of the listed files 56as specified by the 57.Ar flags 58operand. 59.Pp 60The options are as follows: 61.Bl -tag -width indent 62.It Fl H 63If the 64.Fl R 65option is specified, symbolic links on the command line are followed. 66(Symbolic links encountered in the tree traversal are not followed.) 67.It Fl L 68If the 69.Fl R 70option is specified, all symbolic links are followed. 71.It Fl P 72If the 73.Fl R 74option is specified, no symbolic links are followed. 75This is the default. 76.It Fl R 77Change the file flags for the file hierarchies rooted 78in the files instead of just the files themselves. 79.El 80.Pp 81The flags are specified as an octal number or a comma separated list 82of keywords. 83The following keywords are currently defined: 84.Pp 85.Bl -tag -offset indent -width "opaque" -compact 86.It Ar arch 87set the archived flag (super-user only) 88.It Ar opaque 89set the opaque flag (owner or super-user only) 90.It Ar nodump 91set the nodump flag (owner or super-user only) 92.It Ar sappnd 93set the system append-only flag (super-user only) 94.It Ar schg 95set the system immutable flag (super-user only) 96.It Ar sunlnk 97set the system undeletable flag (super-user only) 98.It Ar uappnd 99set the user append-only flag (owner or super-user only) 100.It Ar uchg 101set the user immutable flag (owner or super-user only) 102.It Ar uunlnk 103set the user undeletable flag (owner or super-user only) 104.It Ar archived , sappend , schange , Xo 105.Ar simmutable , uappend , uchange , uimmutable , 106.Ar sunlink , uunlink 107.Xc 108aliases for the above 109.El 110.Pp 111Putting the letters 112.Dq Ar no 113before an option causes the flag to be turned off. 114For example: 115.Bl -tag -offset indent -width "nouchg" 116.It Ar nouchg 117the immutable bit should be cleared 118.El 119.Pp 120Symbolic links do not have flags, so unless the 121.Fl H 122or 123.Fl L 124option is set, 125.Nm 126on a symbolic link always succeeds and has no effect. 127The 128.Fl H , 129.Fl L 130and 131.Fl P 132options are ignored unless the 133.Fl R 134option is specified. 135In addition, these options override each other and the 136command's actions are determined by the last one specified. 137.Pp 138You can use "ls -lo" to see the flags of existing files. 139.Sh DIAGNOSTICS 140.Ex -std 141.Sh SEE ALSO 142.Xr ls 1 , 143.Xr chflags 2 , 144.Xr stat 2 , 145.Xr fts 3 , 146.Xr symlink 7 147.Sh HISTORY 148The 149.Nm 150command first appeared in 151.Bx 4.4 . 152