xref: /illumos-gate/usr/src/cmd/bhyve/common/bhyverun.c (revision 34d47eb96ec559930e429576998bd0b4ebd85ffa)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2011 NetApp, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY NETAPP, INC ``AS IS'' AND
17  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
19  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL NETAPP, INC OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
20  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
21  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
22  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
23  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
24  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
25  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
26  * SUCH DAMAGE.
27  */
28 /*
29  * This file and its contents are supplied under the terms of the
30  * Common Development and Distribution License ("CDDL"), version 1.0.
31  * You may only use this file in accordance with the terms of version
32  * 1.0 of the CDDL.
33  *
34  * A full copy of the text of the CDDL should have accompanied this
35  * source.  A copy of the CDDL is also available via the Internet at
36  * http://www.illumos.org/license/CDDL.
37  *
38  * Copyright 2015 Pluribus Networks Inc.
39  * Copyright 2018 Joyent, Inc.
40  * Copyright 2025 Oxide Computer Company
41  * Copyright 2026 OmniOS Community Edition (OmniOSce) Association.
42  */
43 
44 
45 #include <sys/types.h>
46 #ifndef WITHOUT_CAPSICUM
47 #include <sys/capsicum.h>
48 #endif
49 #include <sys/mman.h>
50 #include <sys/time.h>
51 
52 #ifdef __FreeBSD__
53 #include <amd64/vmm/intel/vmcs.h>
54 #else
55 #include <sys/cpuset.h>
56 #include <intel/vmcs.h>
57 #endif
58 
59 #include <machine/atomic.h>
60 
61 #ifndef WITHOUT_CAPSICUM
62 #include <capsicum_helpers.h>
63 #endif
64 #include <stdio.h>
65 #include <stdlib.h>
66 #include <string.h>
67 #include <err.h>
68 #include <errno.h>
69 #include <libgen.h>
70 #include <unistd.h>
71 #include <assert.h>
72 #include <pthread.h>
73 #include <pthread_np.h>
74 #include <sysexits.h>
75 #include <stdbool.h>
76 #include <stdint.h>
77 
78 #include <machine/vmm.h>
79 #ifndef WITHOUT_CAPSICUM
80 #include <machine/vmm_dev.h>
81 #endif
82 #ifdef	__FreeBSD__
83 #include <machine/vmm_instruction_emul.h>
84 #endif
85 #include <vmmapi.h>
86 
87 #include "acpi.h"
88 #include "bhyverun.h"
89 #include "bootrom.h"
90 #include "config.h"
91 #include "debug.h"
92 #include "gdb.h"
93 #include "ioapic.h"
94 #include "mem.h"
95 #include "mevent.h"
96 #include "pci_emul.h"
97 #include "pci_lpc.h"
98 #include "qemu_fwcfg.h"
99 #include "tpm_device.h"
100 #include "spinup_ap.h"
101 #include "vmgenc.h"
102 #include "vmexit.h"
103 #ifndef __FreeBSD__
104 #include "smbiostbl.h"
105 #include "privileges.h"
106 #endif
107 
108 #define MB		(1024UL * 1024)
109 #define GB		(1024UL * MB)
110 
111 int guest_ncpus;
112 uint16_t cpu_cores, cpu_sockets, cpu_threads;
113 
114 int raw_stdio = 0;
115 
116 static const int BSP = 0;
117 
118 static cpuset_t cpumask;
119 
120 static void vm_loop(struct vmctx *ctx, struct vcpu *vcpu);
121 
122 static struct vcpu_info {
123 	struct vmctx    *ctx;
124 	struct vcpu     *vcpu;
125 	int             vcpuid;
126 } *vcpu_info;
127 
128 #ifdef	__FreeBSD__
129 static cpuset_t **vcpumap;
130 #endif
131 
132 
133 /*
134  * XXX This parser is known to have the following issues:
135  * 1.  It accepts null key=value tokens ",," as setting "cpus" to an
136  *     empty string.
137  *
138  * The acceptance of a null specification ('-c ""') is by design to match the
139  * manual page syntax specification, this results in a topology of 1 vCPU.
140  */
141 int
bhyve_topology_parse(const char * opt)142 bhyve_topology_parse(const char *opt)
143 {
144 	char *cp, *str, *tofree;
145 
146 	if (*opt == '\0') {
147 		set_config_value("sockets", "1");
148 		set_config_value("cores", "1");
149 		set_config_value("threads", "1");
150 		set_config_value("cpus", "1");
151 		return (0);
152 	}
153 
154 	tofree = str = strdup(opt);
155 	if (str == NULL)
156 		errx(4, "Failed to allocate memory");
157 
158 	while ((cp = strsep(&str, ",")) != NULL) {
159 		if (strncmp(cp, "cpus=", strlen("cpus=")) == 0)
160 			set_config_value("cpus", cp + strlen("cpus="));
161 		else if (strncmp(cp, "sockets=", strlen("sockets=")) == 0)
162 			set_config_value("sockets", cp + strlen("sockets="));
163 		else if (strncmp(cp, "cores=", strlen("cores=")) == 0)
164 			set_config_value("cores", cp + strlen("cores="));
165 		else if (strncmp(cp, "threads=", strlen("threads=")) == 0)
166 			set_config_value("threads", cp + strlen("threads="));
167 		else if (strchr(cp, '=') != NULL)
168 			goto out;
169 		else
170 			set_config_value("cpus", cp);
171 	}
172 	free(tofree);
173 	return (0);
174 
175 out:
176 	free(tofree);
177 	return (-1);
178 }
179 
180 static int
parse_int_value(const char * key,const char * value,int minval,int maxval)181 parse_int_value(const char *key, const char *value, int minval, int maxval)
182 {
183 	char *cp;
184 	long lval;
185 
186 	errno = 0;
187 	lval = strtol(value, &cp, 0);
188 	if (errno != 0 || *cp != '\0' || cp == value || lval < minval ||
189 	    lval > maxval)
190 		errx(4, "Invalid value for %s: '%s'", key, value);
191 	return (lval);
192 }
193 
194 /*
195  * Set the sockets, cores, threads, and guest_cpus variables based on
196  * the configured topology.
197  *
198  * The limits of UINT16_MAX are due to the types passed to
199  * vm_set_topology().  vmm.ko may enforce tighter limits.
200  */
201 static void
calc_topology(void)202 calc_topology(void)
203 {
204 	const char *value;
205 	bool explicit_cpus;
206 	uint64_t ncpus;
207 
208 	value = get_config_value("cpus");
209 	if (value != NULL) {
210 		guest_ncpus = parse_int_value("cpus", value, 1, UINT16_MAX);
211 		explicit_cpus = true;
212 	} else {
213 		guest_ncpus = 1;
214 		explicit_cpus = false;
215 	}
216 	value = get_config_value("cores");
217 	if (value != NULL)
218 		cpu_cores = parse_int_value("cores", value, 1, UINT16_MAX);
219 	else
220 		cpu_cores = 1;
221 	value = get_config_value("threads");
222 	if (value != NULL)
223 		cpu_threads = parse_int_value("threads", value, 1, UINT16_MAX);
224 	else
225 		cpu_threads = 1;
226 	value = get_config_value("sockets");
227 	if (value != NULL)
228 		cpu_sockets = parse_int_value("sockets", value, 1, UINT16_MAX);
229 	else
230 		cpu_sockets = guest_ncpus;
231 
232 	/*
233 	 * Compute sockets * cores * threads avoiding overflow.  The
234 	 * range check above insures these are 16 bit values.
235 	 */
236 	ncpus = (uint64_t)cpu_sockets * cpu_cores * cpu_threads;
237 	if (ncpus > UINT16_MAX)
238 		errx(4, "Computed number of vCPUs too high: %ju",
239 		    (uintmax_t)ncpus);
240 
241 	if (explicit_cpus) {
242 		if (guest_ncpus != (int)ncpus)
243 			errx(4, "Topology (%d sockets, %d cores, %d threads) "
244 			    "does not match %d vCPUs",
245 			    cpu_sockets, cpu_cores, cpu_threads,
246 			    guest_ncpus);
247 	} else
248 		guest_ncpus = ncpus;
249 }
250 
251 #ifdef	__FreeBSD__
252 int
bhyve_pincpu_parse(const char * opt)253 bhyve_pincpu_parse(const char *opt)
254 {
255 	int vcpu, pcpu;
256 	const char *value;
257 	char *newval;
258 	char key[16];
259 
260 	if (sscanf(opt, "%d:%d", &vcpu, &pcpu) != 2) {
261 		fprintf(stderr, "invalid format: %s\n", opt);
262 		return (-1);
263 	}
264 
265 	if (vcpu < 0) {
266 		fprintf(stderr, "invalid vcpu '%d'\n", vcpu);
267 		return (-1);
268 	}
269 
270 	if (pcpu < 0 || pcpu >= CPU_SETSIZE) {
271 		fprintf(stderr, "hostcpu '%d' outside valid range from "
272 		    "0 to %d\n", pcpu, CPU_SETSIZE - 1);
273 		return (-1);
274 	}
275 
276 	snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "vcpu.%d.cpuset", vcpu);
277 	value = get_config_value(key);
278 
279 	if (asprintf(&newval, "%s%s%d", value != NULL ? value : "",
280 	    value != NULL ? "," : "", pcpu) == -1) {
281 		perror("failed to build new cpuset string");
282 		return (-1);
283 	}
284 
285 	set_config_value(key, newval);
286 	free(newval);
287 	return (0);
288 }
289 
290 static void
parse_cpuset(int vcpu,const char * list,cpuset_t * set)291 parse_cpuset(int vcpu, const char *list, cpuset_t *set)
292 {
293 	char *cp, *token;
294 	int pcpu, start;
295 
296 	CPU_ZERO(set);
297 	start = -1;
298 	token = __DECONST(char *, list);
299 	for (;;) {
300 		pcpu = strtoul(token, &cp, 0);
301 		if (cp == token)
302 			errx(4, "invalid cpuset for vcpu %d: '%s'", vcpu, list);
303 		if (pcpu < 0 || pcpu >= CPU_SETSIZE)
304 			errx(4, "hostcpu '%d' outside valid range from 0 to %d",
305 			    pcpu, CPU_SETSIZE - 1);
306 		switch (*cp) {
307 		case ',':
308 		case '\0':
309 			if (start >= 0) {
310 				if (start > pcpu)
311 					errx(4, "Invalid hostcpu range %d-%d",
312 					    start, pcpu);
313 				while (start < pcpu) {
314 					CPU_SET(start, set);
315 					start++;
316 				}
317 				start = -1;
318 			}
319 			CPU_SET(pcpu, set);
320 			break;
321 		case '-':
322 			if (start >= 0)
323 				errx(4, "invalid cpuset for vcpu %d: '%s'",
324 				    vcpu, list);
325 			start = pcpu;
326 			break;
327 		default:
328 			errx(4, "invalid cpuset for vcpu %d: '%s'", vcpu, list);
329 		}
330 		if (*cp == '\0')
331 			break;
332 		token = cp + 1;
333 	}
334 }
335 
336 static void
build_vcpumaps(void)337 build_vcpumaps(void)
338 {
339 	char key[16];
340 	const char *value;
341 	int vcpu;
342 
343 	vcpumap = calloc(guest_ncpus, sizeof(*vcpumap));
344 	for (vcpu = 0; vcpu < guest_ncpus; vcpu++) {
345 		snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "vcpu.%d.cpuset", vcpu);
346 		value = get_config_value(key);
347 		if (value == NULL)
348 			continue;
349 		vcpumap[vcpu] = malloc(sizeof(cpuset_t));
350 		if (vcpumap[vcpu] == NULL)
351 			err(4, "Failed to allocate cpuset for vcpu %d", vcpu);
352 		parse_cpuset(vcpu, value, vcpumap[vcpu]);
353 	}
354 }
355 #endif /* __FreeBSD__ */
356 
357 void *
paddr_guest2host(struct vmctx * ctx,uintptr_t gaddr,size_t len)358 paddr_guest2host(struct vmctx *ctx, uintptr_t gaddr, size_t len)
359 {
360 
361 	return (vm_map_gpa(ctx, gaddr, len));
362 }
363 
364 bool
fbsdrun_virtio_msix(void)365 fbsdrun_virtio_msix(void)
366 {
367 	/*
368 	 * The configuration key used to be the non-namespaced `virtio_msix`.
369 	 * Check for that too in case anyone is using the old name in a
370 	 * configuration file. If either of these exists and is set to false
371 	 * we'll disable MSI-X for Virtio.
372 	 */
373 	return (get_config_bool_default("virtio.msix", true) &&
374 	    get_config_bool_default("virtio_msix", true));
375 }
376 
377 struct vcpu *
fbsdrun_vcpu(int vcpuid)378 fbsdrun_vcpu(int vcpuid)
379 {
380 	return (vcpu_info[vcpuid].vcpu);
381 }
382 
383 static void *
fbsdrun_start_thread(void * param)384 fbsdrun_start_thread(void *param)
385 {
386 	char tname[MAXCOMLEN + 1];
387 	struct vcpu_info *vi = param;
388 #ifdef	__FreeBSD__
389 	int error;
390 #endif
391 
392 	snprintf(tname, sizeof(tname), "vcpu %d", vi->vcpuid);
393 	pthread_set_name_np(pthread_self(), tname);
394 
395 #ifdef	__FreeBSD__
396 	if (vcpumap[vi->vcpuid] != NULL) {
397 		error = pthread_setaffinity_np(pthread_self(),
398 		    sizeof(cpuset_t), vcpumap[vi->vcpuid]);
399 		assert(error == 0);
400 	}
401 #endif
402 
403 	gdb_cpu_add(vi->vcpu);
404 
405 	vm_loop(vi->ctx, vi->vcpu);
406 
407 	/* not reached */
408 	exit(1);
409 	return (NULL);
410 }
411 
412 void
fbsdrun_addcpu(int vcpuid,bool suspend)413 fbsdrun_addcpu(int vcpuid, bool suspend)
414 {
415 	struct vcpu_info *vi;
416 	pthread_t thr;
417 	int error;
418 
419 	vi = &vcpu_info[vcpuid];
420 
421 	error = vm_activate_cpu(vi->vcpu);
422 	if (error != 0)
423 		err(EX_OSERR, "could not activate CPU %d", vi->vcpuid);
424 
425 	CPU_SET_ATOMIC(vcpuid, &cpumask);
426 
427 	if (suspend) {
428 		error = vm_suspend_cpu(vi->vcpu);
429 		assert(error == 0);
430 	}
431 
432 	error = pthread_create(&thr, NULL, fbsdrun_start_thread, vi);
433 	assert(error == 0);
434 }
435 
436 void
fbsdrun_deletecpu(int vcpu)437 fbsdrun_deletecpu(int vcpu)
438 {
439 	static pthread_mutex_t resetcpu_mtx = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
440 	static pthread_cond_t resetcpu_cond = PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER;
441 
442 	pthread_mutex_lock(&resetcpu_mtx);
443 	if (!CPU_ISSET(vcpu, &cpumask)) {
444 		EPRINTLN("Attempting to delete unknown cpu %d", vcpu);
445 		exit(4);
446 	}
447 
448 	CPU_CLR(vcpu, &cpumask);
449 
450 	if (vcpu != BSP) {
451 		pthread_cond_signal(&resetcpu_cond);
452 		pthread_mutex_unlock(&resetcpu_mtx);
453 		pthread_exit(NULL);
454 		/* NOTREACHED */
455 	}
456 
457 	while (!CPU_EMPTY(&cpumask)) {
458 		pthread_cond_wait(&resetcpu_cond, &resetcpu_mtx);
459 	}
460 	pthread_mutex_unlock(&resetcpu_mtx);
461 }
462 
463 static void
vm_loop(struct vmctx * ctx,struct vcpu * vcpu)464 vm_loop(struct vmctx *ctx, struct vcpu *vcpu)
465 {
466 	struct vm_exit vme;
467 	int error, rc;
468 	enum vm_exitcode exitcode;
469 	cpuset_t active_cpus;
470 	struct vm_entry *ventry;
471 
472 	error = vm_active_cpus(ctx, &active_cpus);
473 	assert(CPU_ISSET(vcpu_id(vcpu), &active_cpus));
474 
475 	ventry = vmentry_vcpu(vcpu_id(vcpu));
476 
477 	while (1) {
478 		error = vm_run(vcpu, ventry, &vme);
479 		if (error != 0)
480 			break;
481 
482 		if (ventry->cmd != VEC_DEFAULT) {
483 			/*
484 			 * Discard any lingering entry state after it has been
485 			 * submitted via vm_run().
486 			 */
487 			bzero(ventry, sizeof (*ventry));
488 		}
489 
490 		exitcode = vme.exitcode;
491 		if (exitcode >= VM_EXITCODE_MAX ||
492 		    vmexit_handlers[exitcode] == NULL) {
493 			fprintf(stderr, "vm_loop: unexpected exitcode 0x%x\n",
494 			    exitcode);
495 			exit(4);
496 		}
497 
498 		rc = (*vmexit_handlers[exitcode])(ctx, vcpu, &vme);
499 
500 		switch (rc) {
501 		case VMEXIT_CONTINUE:
502 			break;
503 		case VMEXIT_ABORT:
504 			abort();
505 		default:
506 			exit(4);
507 		}
508 	}
509 	EPRINTLN("vm_run error %d, errno %d", error, errno);
510 }
511 
512 static int
num_vcpus_allowed(struct vmctx * ctx,struct vcpu * vcpu)513 num_vcpus_allowed(struct vmctx *ctx, struct vcpu *vcpu)
514 {
515 	uint16_t sockets, cores, threads, maxcpus;
516 #ifdef __FreeBSD__
517 	int tmp, error;
518 
519 	/*
520 	 * The guest is allowed to spinup more than one processor only if the
521 	 * UNRESTRICTED_GUEST capability is available.
522 	 */
523 	error = vm_get_capability(vcpu, VM_CAP_UNRESTRICTED_GUEST, &tmp);
524 	if (error != 0)
525 		return (1);
526 #else
527 	int error;
528 	/* Unrestricted Guest is always enabled on illumos */
529 
530 #endif /* __FreeBSD__ */
531 
532 	error = vm_get_topology(ctx, &sockets, &cores, &threads, &maxcpus);
533 	if (error == 0)
534 		return (maxcpus);
535 	else
536 		return (1);
537 }
538 
539 static struct vmctx *
do_open(const char * vmname)540 do_open(const char *vmname)
541 {
542 	struct vmctx *ctx;
543 	int error;
544 	bool reinit, romboot;
545 
546 	reinit = romboot = false;
547 
548 	romboot = bootrom_boot();
549 
550 #ifndef __FreeBSD__
551 	uint64_t create_flags = 0;
552 	if (get_config_bool_default("memory.use_reservoir", false)) {
553 		create_flags |= VCF_RESERVOIR_MEM;
554 	}
555 	error = vm_create(vmname, create_flags);
556 #else
557 	error = vm_create(vmname);
558 #endif /* __FreeBSD__ */
559 	if (error) {
560 		if (errno == EEXIST) {
561 			if (romboot) {
562 				reinit = true;
563 			} else {
564 				/*
565 				 * The virtual machine has been setup by the
566 				 * userspace bootloader.
567 				 */
568 			}
569 		} else {
570 			perror("vm_create");
571 			exit(4);
572 		}
573 	} else {
574 		if (!romboot) {
575 			/*
576 			 * If the virtual machine was just created then a
577 			 * bootrom must be configured to boot it.
578 			 */
579 			fprintf(stderr, "virtual machine cannot be booted\n");
580 			exit(4);
581 		}
582 	}
583 
584 	ctx = vm_open(vmname);
585 	if (ctx == NULL) {
586 		perror("vm_open");
587 #ifndef __FreeBSD__
588 		if (errno == ENOENT) {
589 			fprintf(stderr,
590 			    "Does the VM already exist in the global or "
591 			    "another zone?\n");
592 		}
593 #endif
594 		exit(4);
595 	}
596 
597 #ifndef WITHOUT_CAPSICUM
598 	if (vm_limit_rights(ctx) != 0)
599 		err(EX_OSERR, "vm_limit_rights");
600 #endif
601 
602 	if (reinit) {
603 #ifndef __FreeBSD__
604 		error = vm_reinit(ctx, 0);
605 #else
606 		error = vm_reinit(ctx);
607 #endif
608 		if (error) {
609 			perror("vm_reinit");
610 			exit(4);
611 		}
612 	}
613 	error = vm_set_topology(ctx, cpu_sockets, cpu_cores, cpu_threads, 0);
614 	if (error)
615 		errx(EX_OSERR, "vm_set_topology");
616 	return (ctx);
617 }
618 
619 bool
bhyve_parse_config_option(const char * option)620 bhyve_parse_config_option(const char *option)
621 {
622 	const char *value;
623 	char *path;
624 
625 	value = strchr(option, '=');
626 	if (value == NULL || value[1] == '\0')
627 		return (false);
628 	path = strndup(option, value - option);
629 	if (path == NULL)
630 		err(4, "Failed to allocate memory");
631 	set_config_value(path, value + 1);
632 	free(path);
633 	return (true);
634 }
635 
636 void
bhyve_parse_simple_config_file(const char * path)637 bhyve_parse_simple_config_file(const char *path)
638 {
639 	FILE *fp;
640 	char *line, *cp;
641 	size_t linecap;
642 	unsigned int lineno;
643 
644 	fp = fopen(path, "r");
645 	if (fp == NULL)
646 		err(4, "Failed to open configuration file %s", path);
647 	line = NULL;
648 	linecap = 0;
649 	lineno = 1;
650 	for (lineno = 1; getline(&line, &linecap, fp) > 0; lineno++) {
651 		if (*line == '#' || *line == '\n')
652 			continue;
653 		cp = strchr(line, '\n');
654 		if (cp != NULL)
655 			*cp = '\0';
656 		if (!bhyve_parse_config_option(line))
657 			errx(4, "%s line %u: invalid config option '%s'", path,
658 			    lineno, line);
659 	}
660 	free(line);
661 	fclose(fp);
662 }
663 
664 void
bhyve_parse_gdb_options(const char * opt)665 bhyve_parse_gdb_options(const char *opt)
666 {
667 	const char *sport;
668 	char *colon;
669 
670 	if (opt[0] == 'w') {
671 		set_config_bool("gdb.wait", true);
672 		opt++;
673 	}
674 
675 	colon = strrchr(opt, ':');
676 	if (colon == NULL) {
677 		sport = opt;
678 	} else {
679 		*colon = '\0';
680 		colon++;
681 		sport = colon;
682 		set_config_value("gdb.address", opt);
683 	}
684 
685 	set_config_value("gdb.port", sport);
686 }
687 
688 int
main(int argc,char * argv[])689 main(int argc, char *argv[])
690 {
691 	int error;
692 	int max_vcpus, memflags;
693 	struct vcpu *bsp;
694 	struct vmctx *ctx;
695 	size_t memsize;
696 	const char *value, *vmname;
697 
698 	bhyve_init_config();
699 
700 	bhyve_optparse(argc, argv);
701 	argc -= optind;
702 	argv += optind;
703 
704 	if (argc > 1)
705 		bhyve_usage(1);
706 
707 	if (argc == 1)
708 		set_config_value("name", argv[0]);
709 
710 	vmname = get_config_value("name");
711 	if (vmname == NULL)
712 		bhyve_usage(1);
713 
714 	if (get_config_bool_default("config.dump", false)) {
715 		dump_config();
716 		exit(1);
717 	}
718 
719 #ifndef __FreeBSD__
720 	illumos_priv_init();
721 #endif
722 
723 	calc_topology();
724 
725 #ifdef __FreeBSD__
726 	build_vcpumaps();
727 #endif
728 
729 	value = get_config_value("memory.size");
730 	error = vm_parse_memsize(value, &memsize);
731 	if (error)
732 		errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid memsize '%s'", value);
733 
734 	ctx = do_open(vmname);
735 
736 	bsp = vm_vcpu_open(ctx, BSP);
737 	max_vcpus = num_vcpus_allowed(ctx, bsp);
738 	if (guest_ncpus > max_vcpus) {
739 		fprintf(stderr, "%d vCPUs requested but only %d available\n",
740 			guest_ncpus, max_vcpus);
741 		exit(4);
742 	}
743 
744 	bhyve_init_vcpu(bsp);
745 
746        /* Allocate per-VCPU resources. */
747 	vcpu_info = calloc(guest_ncpus, sizeof(*vcpu_info));
748 	for (int vcpuid = 0; vcpuid < guest_ncpus; vcpuid++) {
749 		vcpu_info[vcpuid].ctx = ctx;
750 		vcpu_info[vcpuid].vcpuid = vcpuid;
751 		if (vcpuid == BSP)
752 			vcpu_info[vcpuid].vcpu = bsp;
753 		else
754 			vcpu_info[vcpuid].vcpu = vm_vcpu_open(ctx, vcpuid);
755 	}
756 
757 	memflags = 0;
758 	if (get_config_bool_default("memory.wired", false))
759 		memflags |= VM_MEM_F_WIRED;
760 	if (get_config_bool_default("memory.guest_in_core", false))
761 		memflags |= VM_MEM_F_INCORE;
762 	vm_set_memflags(ctx, memflags);
763 #ifdef	__FreeBSD__
764 	error = vm_setup_memory(ctx, memsize, VM_MMAP_ALL);
765 #else
766 	int _errno;
767 	do {
768 		errno = 0;
769 		error = vm_setup_memory(ctx, memsize, VM_MMAP_ALL);
770 		_errno = errno;
771 		if (error != 0 && _errno == ENOMEM) {
772 			(void) fprintf(stderr, "Unable to allocate memory "
773 			    "(%llu), retrying in 1 second\n", memsize);
774 			sleep(1);
775 		}
776 	} while (_errno == ENOMEM);
777 #endif
778 	if (error) {
779 		fprintf(stderr, "Unable to set up memory (%d)\n", errno);
780 		exit(4);
781 	}
782 
783 	init_mem(guest_ncpus);
784 	init_bootrom(ctx);
785 
786 	if (bhyve_init_platform(ctx, bsp) != 0)
787 		exit(4);
788 
789 	if (qemu_fwcfg_init(ctx) != 0) {
790 		fprintf(stderr, "qemu fwcfg initialization error\n");
791 		exit(4);
792 	}
793 
794 	if (qemu_fwcfg_add_file("opt/bhyve/hw.ncpu", sizeof(guest_ncpus),
795 	    &guest_ncpus) != 0) {
796 		fprintf(stderr, "Could not add qemu fwcfg opt/bhyve/hw.ncpu\n");
797 		exit(4);
798 	}
799 
800 	/*
801 	 * Exit if a device emulation finds an error in its initialization
802 	 */
803 	if (init_pci(ctx) != 0) {
804 		EPRINTLN("Device emulation initialization error: %s",
805 		    strerror(errno));
806 		exit(4);
807 	}
808 	if (init_tpm(ctx) != 0) {
809 		EPRINTLN("Failed to init TPM device");
810 		exit(4);
811 	}
812 
813 	/*
814 	 * Initialize after PCI, to allow a bootrom file to reserve the high
815 	 * region.
816 	 */
817 	if (get_config_bool("acpi_tables"))
818 		vmgenc_init(ctx);
819 
820 #ifdef __FreeBSD__
821 	init_gdb(ctx);
822 #else
823 	if (value != NULL) {
824 		int port = atoi(value);
825 
826 		if (port < 0)
827 			init_mdb(ctx);
828 		else
829 			init_gdb(ctx);
830 	}
831 #endif
832 
833 	if (bootrom_boot()) {
834 #ifdef __FreeBSD__
835 		if (vm_set_capability(bsp, VM_CAP_UNRESTRICTED_GUEST, 1)) {
836 			fprintf(stderr, "ROM boot failed: unrestricted guest "
837 			    "capability not available\n");
838 			exit(4);
839 		}
840 #else
841 		/* Unrestricted Guest is always enabled on illumos */
842 #endif
843 		error = vcpu_reset(bsp);
844 		assert(error == 0);
845 	}
846 
847 	if (bhyve_init_platform_late(ctx, bsp) != 0)
848 		exit(4);
849 
850 	/*
851 	 * Change the proc title to include the VM name.
852 	 */
853 	setproctitle("%s", vmname);
854 
855 #ifndef WITHOUT_CAPSICUM
856 	caph_cache_catpages();
857 
858 	if (caph_limit_stdout() == -1 || caph_limit_stderr() == -1)
859 		errx(EX_OSERR, "Unable to apply rights for sandbox");
860 
861 	if (caph_enter() == -1)
862 		errx(EX_OSERR, "cap_enter() failed");
863 #endif
864 
865 #ifndef __FreeBSD__
866 	illumos_priv_lock();
867 #endif
868 
869 #ifndef	__FreeBSD__
870 	if (vmentry_init(guest_ncpus) != 0)
871 		err(EX_OSERR, "vmentry_init() failed");
872 #endif
873 
874 	/*
875 	 * Add all vCPUs.
876 	 */
877 	for (int vcpuid = 0; vcpuid < guest_ncpus; vcpuid++) {
878 #ifdef	__FreeBSD__
879 		bool suspend = (vcpuid != BSP);
880 #else
881 		bool suspend = vcpuid == BSP &&
882 		    get_config_bool_default("suspend_at_boot", false);
883 #endif
884 		bhyve_start_vcpu(vcpu_info[vcpuid].vcpu, vcpuid == BSP,
885 		    suspend);
886 	}
887 
888 	/*
889 	 * Head off to the main event dispatch loop
890 	 */
891 	mevent_dispatch();
892 
893 	exit(4);
894 }
895