xref: /freebsd/usr.sbin/daemon/daemon.c (revision fe06e383cc64fce8b604d21f8526b91fa6aecc39)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1999 Berkeley Software Design, Inc. All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  * are met:
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  * 3. Berkeley Software Design Inc's name may not be used to endorse or
15  *    promote products derived from this software without specific prior
16  *    written permission.
17  *
18  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY BERKELEY SOFTWARE DESIGN INC ``AS IS'' AND
19  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
20  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
21  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL BERKELEY SOFTWARE DESIGN INC BE LIABLE
22  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
23  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
24  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
25  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
26  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
27  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
28  * SUCH DAMAGE.
29  *
30  *	From BSDI: daemon.c,v 1.2 1996/08/15 01:11:09 jch Exp
31  */
32 
33 #include <sys/event.h>
34 #include <sys/mman.h>
35 #include <sys/wait.h>
36 
37 #include <fcntl.h>
38 #include <err.h>
39 #include <errno.h>
40 #include <getopt.h>
41 #include <libutil.h>
42 #include <login_cap.h>
43 #include <paths.h>
44 #include <pwd.h>
45 #include <signal.h>
46 #include <stdio.h>
47 #include <stdbool.h>
48 #include <stdlib.h>
49 #include <unistd.h>
50 #include <string.h>
51 #define SYSLOG_NAMES
52 #include <syslog.h>
53 #include <time.h>
54 #include <assert.h>
55 
56 /* 1 year in seconds */
57 #define MAX_RESTART_DELAY 60*60*24*365
58 
59 /* Maximum number of restarts */
60 #define MAX_RESTART_COUNT 128
61 
62 #define LBUF_SIZE 4096
63 
64 enum daemon_mode {
65 	MODE_DAEMON = 0,   /* simply daemonize, no supervision */
66 	MODE_SUPERVISE,    /* initial supervision state */
67 	MODE_TERMINATING,  /* user requested termination */
68 	MODE_NOCHILD,      /* child is terminated, final state of the event loop */
69 };
70 
71 
72 struct daemon_state {
73 	unsigned char buf[LBUF_SIZE];
74 	size_t pos;
75 	char **argv;
76 	const char *child_pidfile;
77 	const char *parent_pidfile;
78 	const char *output_filename;
79 	const char *syslog_tag;
80 	const char *title;
81 	const char *user;
82 	struct pidfh *parent_pidfh;
83 	struct pidfh *child_pidfh;
84 	enum daemon_mode mode;
85 	int pid;
86 	int pipe_rd;
87 	int pipe_wr;
88 	int keep_cur_workdir;
89 	int kqueue_fd;
90 	int restart_delay;
91 	int stdmask;
92 	int syslog_priority;
93 	int syslog_facility;
94 	int keep_fds_open;
95 	int output_fd;
96 	mode_t output_file_mode;
97 	bool restart_enabled;
98 	bool syslog_enabled;
99 	bool log_reopen;
100 	int restart_count;
101 	int restarted_count;
102 };
103 
104 static void restrict_process(const char *);
105 static int  open_log(const char *, mode_t);
106 static void reopen_log(struct daemon_state *);
107 static bool listen_child(struct daemon_state *);
108 static int  get_log_mapping(const char *, const CODE *);
109 static void open_pid_files(struct daemon_state *);
110 static void do_output(const unsigned char *, size_t, struct daemon_state *);
111 static void daemon_sleep(struct daemon_state *);
112 static void daemon_state_init(struct daemon_state *);
113 static void daemon_eventloop(struct daemon_state *);
114 static void daemon_terminate(struct daemon_state *);
115 static void daemon_exec(struct daemon_state *);
116 static bool daemon_is_child_dead(struct daemon_state *);
117 static void daemon_set_child_pipe(struct daemon_state *);
118 static int daemon_setup_kqueue(void);
119 
120 static int pidfile_truncate(struct pidfh *);
121 
122 static const char shortopts[] = "+cfHSxp:P:ru:o:M:s:l:t:m:R:T:C:h";
123 
124 static const struct option longopts[] = {
125 	{ "change-dir",         no_argument,            NULL,           'c' },
126 	{ "close-fds",          no_argument,            NULL,           'f' },
127 	{ "sighup",             no_argument,            NULL,           'H' },
128 	{ "syslog",             no_argument,            NULL,           'S' },
129 	{ "execute-only",       no_argument,            NULL,           'x' },
130 	{ "output-file",        required_argument,      NULL,           'o' },
131 	{ "output-file-mode",   required_argument,      NULL,           'M' },
132 	{ "output-mask",        required_argument,      NULL,           'm' },
133 	{ "child-pidfile",      required_argument,      NULL,           'p' },
134 	{ "supervisor-pidfile", required_argument,      NULL,           'P' },
135 	{ "restart",            no_argument,            NULL,           'r' },
136 	{ "restart-count",      required_argument,      NULL,           'C' },
137 	{ "restart-delay",      required_argument,      NULL,           'R' },
138 	{ "title",              required_argument,      NULL,           't' },
139 	{ "user",               required_argument,      NULL,           'u' },
140 	{ "syslog-priority",    required_argument,      NULL,           's' },
141 	{ "syslog-facility",    required_argument,      NULL,           'l' },
142 	{ "syslog-tag",         required_argument,      NULL,           'T' },
143 	{ "help",               no_argument,            NULL,           'h' },
144 	{ NULL,                 0,                      NULL,            0  }
145 };
146 
147 static _Noreturn void
usage(int exitcode)148 usage(int exitcode)
149 {
150 	(void)fprintf(stderr,
151 	    "usage: daemon [-cfHrSx] [-p child_pidfile] [-P supervisor_pidfile]\n"
152 	    "              [-u user] [-o output_file] [-M output_file_mode] [-t title]\n"
153 	    "              [-l syslog_facility] [-s syslog_priority]\n"
154 	    "              [-T syslog_tag] [-m output_mask] [-R restart_delay_secs]\n"
155 	    "              [-C restart_count]\n"
156 	    "command arguments ...\n");
157 
158 	(void)fprintf(stderr,
159 	    "  --change-dir         -c         Change the current working directory to root\n"
160 	    "  --close-fds          -f         Set stdin, stdout, stderr to /dev/null\n"
161 	    "  --sighup             -H         Close and re-open output file on SIGHUP\n"
162 	    "  --syslog             -S         Send output to syslog\n"
163 	    "  --execute-only       -x         Do not supervise child process when using -p\n"
164 	    "  --output-file        -o <file>  Append output of the child process to file\n"
165 	    "  --output-file-mode   -M <mode>  Output file mode of the child process\n"
166 	    "  --output-mask        -m <mask>  What to send to syslog/file\n"
167 	    "                                  1=stdout, 2=stderr, 3=both\n"
168 	    "  --child-pidfile      -p <file>  Write PID of the child process to file\n"
169 	    "  --supervisor-pidfile -P <file>  Write PID of the supervisor process to file\n"
170 	    "  --restart            -r         Restart child if it terminates (1 sec delay)\n"
171 	    "  --restart-count      -C <N>     Restart child at most N times, then exit\n"
172 	    "  --restart-delay      -R <N>     Restart child if it terminates after N sec\n"
173 	    "  --title              -t <title> Set the title of the supervisor process\n"
174 	    "  --user               -u <user>  Drop privileges, run as given user\n"
175 	    "  --syslog-priority    -s <prio>  Set syslog priority\n"
176 	    "  --syslog-facility    -l <flty>  Set syslog facility\n"
177 	    "  --syslog-tag         -T <tag>   Set syslog tag\n"
178 	    "  --help               -h         Show this help\n");
179 
180 	exit(exitcode);
181 }
182 
183 int
main(int argc,char * argv[])184 main(int argc, char *argv[])
185 {
186 	const char *e = NULL;
187 	int ch = 0;
188 	mode_t *set = NULL;
189 	struct daemon_state state;
190 	bool opt_x = false;
191 
192 	daemon_state_init(&state);
193 
194 	/* Signals are processed via kqueue */
195 	signal(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN);
196 	signal(SIGTERM, SIG_IGN);
197 
198 	/*
199 	 * Supervision mode is enabled if one of the following options are used:
200 	 * --output-file -o
201 	 * --child-pidfile -p (if --execute-only -x is not given)
202 	 * --supervisor-pidfile -P
203 	 * --restart -r / --restart-delay -R
204 	 * --syslog -S
205 	 * --syslog-facility -l
206 	 * --syslog-priority -s
207 	 * --syslog-tag -T
208 	 *
209 	 * In supervision mode daemon executes the command in a forked process
210 	 * and observes the child by waiting for SIGCHILD. In supervision mode
211 	 * daemon must never exit before the child, this is necessary  to prevent
212 	 * orphaning the child and leaving a stale pid file.
213 	 * To achieve this daemon catches SIGTERM and
214 	 * forwards it to the child, expecting to get SIGCHLD eventually.
215 	 */
216 	while ((ch = getopt_long(argc, argv, shortopts, longopts, NULL)) != -1) {
217 		switch (ch) {
218 		case 'c':
219 			state.keep_cur_workdir = 0;
220 			break;
221 		case 'C':
222 			state.restart_count = (int)strtonum(optarg, 0,
223 			    MAX_RESTART_COUNT, &e);
224 			if (e != NULL) {
225 				errx(6, "invalid restart count: %s", e);
226 			}
227 			break;
228 		case 'f':
229 			state.keep_fds_open = 0;
230 			break;
231 		case 'H':
232 			state.log_reopen = true;
233 			break;
234 		case 'l':
235 			state.syslog_facility = get_log_mapping(optarg,
236 			    facilitynames);
237 			if (state.syslog_facility == -1) {
238 				errx(5, "unrecognized syslog facility");
239 			}
240 			state.syslog_enabled = true;
241 			state.mode = MODE_SUPERVISE;
242 			break;
243 		case 'm':
244 			state.stdmask = (int)strtonum(optarg, 0, 3, &e);
245 			if (e != NULL) {
246 				errx(6, "unrecognized listening mask: %s", e);
247 			}
248 			break;
249 		case 'o':
250 			state.output_filename = optarg;
251 			/*
252 			 * TODO: setting output filename doesn't have to turn
253 			 * the supervision mode on. For non-supervised mode
254 			 * daemon could open the specified file and set it's
255 			 * descriptor as both stderr and stout before execve()
256 			 */
257 			state.mode = MODE_SUPERVISE;
258 			break;
259 		case 'M':
260 			if ((set = setmode(optarg)) == NULL) {
261 				errx(6, "unrecognized output file mode: %s", optarg);
262 			} else {
263 				state.output_file_mode = getmode(set, 0);
264 			}
265 			free(set);
266 			set = NULL;
267 			break;
268 		case 'x':
269 			opt_x = true;
270 			break;
271 		case 'p':
272 			state.child_pidfile = optarg;
273 			/*
274 			 * Enable supervision later if no -x was given
275 			 */
276 			break;
277 		case 'P':
278 			state.parent_pidfile = optarg;
279 			state.mode = MODE_SUPERVISE;
280 			break;
281 		case 'r':
282 			state.restart_enabled = true;
283 			state.mode = MODE_SUPERVISE;
284 			break;
285 		case 'R':
286 			state.restart_enabled = true;
287 			state.restart_delay = (int)strtonum(optarg, 1,
288 			    MAX_RESTART_DELAY, &e);
289 			if (e != NULL) {
290 				errx(6, "invalid restart delay: %s", e);
291 			}
292 			state.mode = MODE_SUPERVISE;
293 			break;
294 		case 's':
295 			state.syslog_priority = get_log_mapping(optarg,
296 			    prioritynames);
297 			if (state.syslog_priority == -1) {
298 				errx(4, "unrecognized syslog priority");
299 			}
300 			state.syslog_enabled = true;
301 			state.mode = MODE_SUPERVISE;
302 			break;
303 		case 'S':
304 			state.syslog_enabled = true;
305 			state.mode = MODE_SUPERVISE;
306 			break;
307 		case 't':
308 			state.title = optarg;
309 			break;
310 		case 'T':
311 			state.syslog_tag = optarg;
312 			state.syslog_enabled = true;
313 			state.mode = MODE_SUPERVISE;
314 			break;
315 		case 'u':
316 			state.user = optarg;
317 			break;
318 		case 'h':
319 			usage(0);
320 			__unreachable();
321 		default:
322 			usage(1);
323 		}
324 	}
325 	argc -= optind;
326 	argv += optind;
327 	state.argv = argv;
328 
329 	if (argc == 0) {
330 		usage(1);
331 	}
332 
333 	/*
334 	 * Enable supervision for -p if -x was not given
335 	 */
336 	if (state.child_pidfile != NULL) {
337 		if (!opt_x) {
338 			state.mode = MODE_SUPERVISE;
339 		}
340 	} else if (opt_x) {
341 		errx(6, "-x is not allowed without -p");
342 	}
343 
344 	if (!state.title) {
345 		state.title = argv[0];
346 	}
347 
348 	if (state.output_filename) {
349 		state.output_fd = open_log(state.output_filename, state.output_file_mode);
350 		if (state.output_fd == -1) {
351 			err(7, "open");
352 		}
353 	}
354 
355 	if (state.syslog_enabled) {
356 		openlog(state.syslog_tag, LOG_PID | LOG_NDELAY,
357 		    state.syslog_facility);
358 	}
359 
360 	/*
361 	 * Try to open the pidfile before calling daemon(3),
362 	 * to be able to report the error intelligently
363 	 */
364 	open_pid_files(&state);
365 
366 	/*
367 	 * TODO: add feature to avoid backgrounding
368 	 * i.e. --foreground, -f
369 	 */
370 	if (daemon(state.keep_cur_workdir, state.keep_fds_open) == -1) {
371 		warn("daemon");
372 		daemon_terminate(&state);
373 	}
374 
375 	if (state.mode == MODE_DAEMON) {
376 		daemon_exec(&state);
377 	}
378 
379 	/* Write out parent pidfile if needed. */
380 	pidfile_write(state.parent_pidfh);
381 
382 	state.kqueue_fd = daemon_setup_kqueue();
383 
384 	do {
385 		state.mode = MODE_SUPERVISE;
386 		daemon_eventloop(&state);
387 		daemon_sleep(&state);
388 		if (state.restart_enabled && state.restart_count > -1) {
389 			if (state.restarted_count >= state.restart_count) {
390 				state.restart_enabled = false;
391 			}
392 			state.restarted_count++;
393 		}
394 	} while (state.restart_enabled);
395 
396 	daemon_terminate(&state);
397 }
398 
399 static void
daemon_exec(struct daemon_state * state)400 daemon_exec(struct daemon_state *state)
401 {
402 	pidfile_write(state->child_pidfh);
403 
404 	if (state->user != NULL) {
405 		restrict_process(state->user);
406 	}
407 
408 	/* Ignored signals remain ignored after execve, unignore them */
409 	signal(SIGHUP, SIG_DFL);
410 	signal(SIGTERM, SIG_DFL);
411 	execvp(state->argv[0], state->argv);
412 	/* execvp() failed - report error and exit this process */
413 	err(1, "%s", state->argv[0]);
414 }
415 
416 /* Main event loop: fork the child and watch for events.
417  * After SIGTERM is received and propagated to the child there are
418  * several options on what to do next:
419  * - read until EOF
420  * - read until EOF but only for a while
421  * - bail immediately
422  * Currently the third option is used, because otherwise there is no
423  * guarantee that read() won't block indefinitely if the child refuses
424  * to depart. To handle the second option, a different approach
425  * would be needed (procctl()?).
426  */
427 static void
daemon_eventloop(struct daemon_state * state)428 daemon_eventloop(struct daemon_state *state)
429 {
430 	struct kevent event;
431 	int kq;
432 	int ret;
433 	int pipe_fd[2];
434 
435 	/*
436 	 * Try to protect against pageout kill. Ignore the
437 	 * error, madvise(2) will fail only if a process does
438 	 * not have superuser privileges.
439 	 */
440 	(void)madvise(NULL, 0, MADV_PROTECT);
441 
442 	if (pipe(pipe_fd)) {
443 		err(1, "pipe");
444 	}
445 	state->pipe_rd = pipe_fd[0];
446 	state->pipe_wr = pipe_fd[1];
447 
448 	kq = state->kqueue_fd;
449 	EV_SET(&event, state->pipe_rd, EVFILT_READ, EV_ADD|EV_CLEAR, 0, 0,
450 	    NULL);
451 	if (kevent(kq, &event, 1, NULL, 0, NULL) == -1) {
452 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "failed to register kevent");
453 	}
454 
455 	memset(&event, 0, sizeof(struct kevent));
456 
457 	/* Spawn a child to exec the command. */
458 	state->pid = fork();
459 
460 	/* fork failed, this can only happen when supervision is enabled */
461 	switch (state->pid) {
462 	case -1:
463 		warn("fork");
464 		state->mode = MODE_NOCHILD;
465 		return;
466 	/* fork succeeded, this is child's branch */
467 	case 0:
468 		close(kq);
469 		daemon_set_child_pipe(state);
470 		daemon_exec(state);
471 		break;
472 	}
473 
474 	/* case: pid > 0; fork succeeded */
475 	close(state->pipe_wr);
476 	state->pipe_wr = -1;
477 	setproctitle("%s[%d]", state->title, (int)state->pid);
478 	setbuf(stdout, NULL);
479 
480 	while (state->mode != MODE_NOCHILD) {
481 		ret = kevent(kq, NULL, 0, &event, 1, NULL);
482 		switch (ret) {
483 		case -1:
484 			if (errno == EINTR)
485 				continue;
486 			err(EXIT_FAILURE, "kevent wait");
487 		case 0:
488 			continue;
489 		}
490 
491 		if (event.flags & EV_ERROR) {
492 			errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Event error: %s",
493 			    strerror((int)event.data));
494 		}
495 
496 		switch (event.filter) {
497 		case EVFILT_SIGNAL:
498 
499 			switch (event.ident) {
500 			case SIGCHLD:
501 				if (daemon_is_child_dead(state)) {
502 					/* child is dead, read all until EOF */
503 					state->pid = -1;
504 					state->mode = MODE_NOCHILD;
505 					while (listen_child(state)) {
506 						continue;
507 					}
508 				}
509 				continue;
510 			case SIGTERM:
511 				if (state->mode != MODE_SUPERVISE) {
512 					/* user is impatient */
513 					/* TODO: warn about repeated SIGTERM? */
514 					continue;
515 				}
516 
517 				state->mode = MODE_TERMINATING;
518 				state->restart_enabled = false;
519 				if (state->pid > 0) {
520 					kill(state->pid, SIGTERM);
521 				}
522 				/*
523 				 * TODO set kevent timer to exit
524 				 * unconditionally after some time
525 				 */
526 				continue;
527 			case SIGHUP:
528 				if (state->log_reopen && state->output_fd >= 0) {
529 					reopen_log(state);
530 				}
531 				continue;
532 			}
533 			break;
534 
535 		case EVFILT_READ:
536 			/*
537 			 * detecting EOF is no longer necessary
538 			 * if child closes the pipe daemon will stop getting
539 			 * EVFILT_READ events
540 			 */
541 
542 			if (event.data > 0) {
543 				(void)listen_child(state);
544 			}
545 			continue;
546 		default:
547 			assert(0 && "Unexpected kevent filter type");
548 			continue;
549 		}
550 	}
551 
552 	/* EVFILT_READ kqueue filter goes away here. */
553 	close(state->pipe_rd);
554 	state->pipe_rd = -1;
555 
556 	/*
557 	 * We don't have to truncate the pidfile, but it's easier to test
558 	 * daemon(8) behavior in some respects if we do.  We won't bother if
559 	 * the child won't be restarted.
560 	 */
561 	if (state->child_pidfh != NULL && state->restart_enabled) {
562 		pidfile_truncate(state->child_pidfh);
563 	}
564 }
565 
566 /*
567  * Note that daemon_sleep() should not be called with anything but the signal
568  * events in the kqueue without further consideration.
569  */
570 static void
daemon_sleep(struct daemon_state * state)571 daemon_sleep(struct daemon_state *state)
572 {
573 	struct kevent event = { 0 };
574 	int ret;
575 
576 	assert(state->pipe_rd == -1);
577 	assert(state->pipe_wr == -1);
578 
579 	if (!state->restart_enabled) {
580 		return;
581 	}
582 
583 	EV_SET(&event, 0, EVFILT_TIMER, EV_ADD|EV_ONESHOT, NOTE_SECONDS,
584 	    state->restart_delay, NULL);
585 	if (kevent(state->kqueue_fd, &event, 1, NULL, 0, NULL) == -1) {
586 		err(1, "failed to register timer");
587 	}
588 
589 	for (;;) {
590 		ret = kevent(state->kqueue_fd, NULL, 0, &event, 1, NULL);
591 		if (ret == -1) {
592 			if (errno != EINTR) {
593 				err(1, "kevent");
594 			}
595 
596 			continue;
597 		}
598 
599 		/*
600 		 * Any other events being raised are indicative of a problem
601 		 * that we need to investigate.  Most likely being that
602 		 * something was not cleaned up from the eventloop.
603 		 */
604 		assert(event.filter == EVFILT_TIMER ||
605 		    event.filter == EVFILT_SIGNAL);
606 
607 		if (event.filter == EVFILT_TIMER) {
608 			/* Break's over, back to work. */
609 			break;
610 		}
611 
612 		/* Process any pending signals. */
613 		switch (event.ident) {
614 		case SIGTERM:
615 			/*
616 			 * We could disarm the timer, but we'll be terminating
617 			 * promptly anyways.
618 			 */
619 			state->restart_enabled = false;
620 			return;
621 		case SIGHUP:
622 			if (state->log_reopen && state->output_fd >= 0) {
623 				reopen_log(state);
624 			}
625 
626 			break;
627 		case SIGCHLD:
628 		default:
629 			/* Discard */
630 			break;
631 		}
632 	}
633 
634 	/* SIGTERM should've returned immediately. */
635 	assert(state->restart_enabled);
636 }
637 
638 static void
open_pid_files(struct daemon_state * state)639 open_pid_files(struct daemon_state *state)
640 {
641 	pid_t fpid;
642 	int serrno;
643 
644 	if (state->child_pidfile) {
645 		state->child_pidfh = pidfile_open(state->child_pidfile, 0600, &fpid);
646 		if (state->child_pidfh == NULL) {
647 			if (errno == EEXIST) {
648 				errx(3, "process already running, pid: %d",
649 				    fpid);
650 			}
651 			err(2, "pidfile ``%s''", state->child_pidfile);
652 		}
653 	}
654 	/* Do the same for the actual daemon process. */
655 	if (state->parent_pidfile) {
656 		state->parent_pidfh= pidfile_open(state->parent_pidfile, 0600, &fpid);
657 		if (state->parent_pidfh == NULL) {
658 			serrno = errno;
659 			pidfile_remove(state->child_pidfh);
660 			errno = serrno;
661 			if (errno == EEXIST) {
662 				errx(3, "process already running, pid: %d",
663 				     fpid);
664 			}
665 			err(2, "ppidfile ``%s''", state->parent_pidfile);
666 		}
667 	}
668 }
669 
670 static int
get_log_mapping(const char * str,const CODE * c)671 get_log_mapping(const char *str, const CODE *c)
672 {
673 	const CODE *cp;
674 	for (cp = c; cp->c_name; cp++)
675 		if (strcmp(cp->c_name, str) == 0) {
676 			return cp->c_val;
677 		}
678 	return -1;
679 }
680 
681 static void
restrict_process(const char * user)682 restrict_process(const char *user)
683 {
684 	struct passwd *pw = NULL;
685 
686 	pw = getpwnam(user);
687 	if (pw == NULL) {
688 		errx(1, "unknown user: %s", user);
689 	}
690 
691 	if (setusercontext(NULL, pw, pw->pw_uid, LOGIN_SETALL) != 0) {
692 		errx(1, "failed to set user environment");
693 	}
694 
695 	setenv("USER", pw->pw_name, 1);
696 	setenv("HOME", pw->pw_dir, 1);
697 	setenv("SHELL", *pw->pw_shell ? pw->pw_shell : _PATH_BSHELL, 1);
698 }
699 
700 /*
701  * We try to collect whole lines terminated by '\n'. Otherwise we collect a
702  * full buffer, and then output it.
703  *
704  * Return value of false is assumed to mean EOF or error, and true indicates to
705  * continue reading.
706  */
707 static bool
listen_child(struct daemon_state * state)708 listen_child(struct daemon_state *state)
709 {
710 	ssize_t rv;
711 	unsigned char *cp;
712 
713 	assert(state != NULL);
714 	assert(state->pos < LBUF_SIZE - 1);
715 
716 	rv = read(state->pipe_rd, state->buf + state->pos,
717 	    LBUF_SIZE - state->pos - 1);
718 	if (rv > 0) {
719 		state->pos += rv;
720 		assert(state->pos <= LBUF_SIZE - 1);
721 		/* Always NUL-terminate just in case. */
722 		state->buf[LBUF_SIZE - 1] = '\0';
723 
724 		/*
725 		 * Find position of the last newline in the buffer.
726 		 * The buffer is guaranteed to have one or more complete lines
727 		 * if at least one newline was found when searching in reverse.
728 		 * All complete lines are flushed.
729 		 * This does not take NUL characters into account.
730 		 */
731 		cp = memrchr(state->buf, '\n', state->pos);
732 		if (cp != NULL) {
733 			size_t bytes_line = cp - state->buf + 1;
734 			assert(bytes_line <= state->pos);
735 			do_output(state->buf, bytes_line, state);
736 			state->pos -= bytes_line;
737 			memmove(state->buf, cp + 1, state->pos);
738 		}
739 		/* Wait until the buffer is full. */
740 		if (state->pos < LBUF_SIZE - 1) {
741 			return true;
742 		}
743 		do_output(state->buf, state->pos, state);
744 		state->pos = 0;
745 		return true;
746 	} else if (rv == -1) {
747 		/* EINTR should trigger another read. */
748 		if (errno == EINTR) {
749 			return true;
750 		} else {
751 			warn("read");
752 			return false;
753 		}
754 	}
755 	/* Upon EOF, we have to flush what's left of the buffer. */
756 	if (state->pos > 0) {
757 		do_output(state->buf, state->pos, state);
758 		state->pos = 0;
759 	}
760 	return false;
761 }
762 
763 /*
764  * The default behavior is to stay silent if the user wants to redirect
765  * output to a file and/or syslog. If neither are provided, then we bounce
766  * everything back to parent's stdout.
767  */
768 static void
do_output(const unsigned char * buf,size_t len,struct daemon_state * state)769 do_output(const unsigned char *buf, size_t len, struct daemon_state *state)
770 {
771 	assert(len <= LBUF_SIZE);
772 	assert(state != NULL);
773 
774 	if (len < 1) {
775 		return;
776 	}
777 	if (state->syslog_enabled) {
778 		syslog(state->syslog_priority, "%.*s", (int)len, buf);
779 	}
780 	if (state->output_fd != -1) {
781 		if (write(state->output_fd, buf, len) == -1)
782 			warn("write");
783 	}
784 	if (state->keep_fds_open &&
785 	    !state->syslog_enabled &&
786 	    state->output_fd == -1) {
787 		printf("%.*s", (int)len, buf);
788 	}
789 }
790 
791 static int
open_log(const char * outfn,mode_t outfm)792 open_log(const char *outfn, mode_t outfm)
793 {
794 
795 	return open(outfn, O_CREAT | O_WRONLY | O_APPEND | O_CLOEXEC, outfm);
796 }
797 
798 static void
reopen_log(struct daemon_state * state)799 reopen_log(struct daemon_state *state)
800 {
801 	int outfd;
802 
803 	outfd = open_log(state->output_filename, state->output_file_mode);
804 	if (state->output_fd >= 0) {
805 		close(state->output_fd);
806 	}
807 	state->output_fd = outfd;
808 }
809 
810 static void
daemon_state_init(struct daemon_state * state)811 daemon_state_init(struct daemon_state *state)
812 {
813 	*state = (struct daemon_state) {
814 		.buf = {0},
815 		.pos = 0,
816 		.argv = NULL,
817 		.parent_pidfh = NULL,
818 		.child_pidfh = NULL,
819 		.child_pidfile = NULL,
820 		.parent_pidfile = NULL,
821 		.title = NULL,
822 		.user = NULL,
823 		.mode = MODE_DAEMON,
824 		.restart_enabled = false,
825 		.pid = 0,
826 		.pipe_rd = -1,
827 		.pipe_wr = -1,
828 		.keep_cur_workdir = 1,
829 		.kqueue_fd = -1,
830 		.restart_delay = 1,
831 		.stdmask = STDOUT_FILENO | STDERR_FILENO,
832 		.syslog_enabled = false,
833 		.log_reopen = false,
834 		.syslog_priority = LOG_NOTICE,
835 		.syslog_tag = "daemon",
836 		.syslog_facility = LOG_DAEMON,
837 		.keep_fds_open = 1,
838 		.output_fd = -1,
839 		.output_filename = NULL,
840 		.output_file_mode = 0600,
841 		.restart_count = -1,
842 		.restarted_count = 0
843 	};
844 }
845 
846 static _Noreturn void
daemon_terminate(struct daemon_state * state)847 daemon_terminate(struct daemon_state *state)
848 {
849 	assert(state != NULL);
850 
851 	if (state->kqueue_fd >= 0) {
852 		close(state->kqueue_fd);
853 	}
854 	if (state->output_fd >= 0) {
855 		close(state->output_fd);
856 	}
857 	if (state->pipe_rd >= 0) {
858 		close(state->pipe_rd);
859 	}
860 
861 	if (state->pipe_wr >= 0) {
862 		close(state->pipe_wr);
863 	}
864 	if (state->syslog_enabled) {
865 		closelog();
866 	}
867 	pidfile_remove(state->child_pidfh);
868 	pidfile_remove(state->parent_pidfh);
869 
870 	/*
871 	 * Note that the exit value here doesn't matter in the case of a clean
872 	 * exit; daemon(3) already detached us from the caller, nothing is left
873 	 * to care about this one.
874 	 */
875 	exit(1);
876 }
877 
878 /*
879  * Returns true if SIGCHILD came from state->pid due to its exit.
880  */
881 static bool
daemon_is_child_dead(struct daemon_state * state)882 daemon_is_child_dead(struct daemon_state *state)
883 {
884 	int status;
885 
886 	for (;;) {
887 		int who = waitpid(-1, &status, WNOHANG);
888 		if (state->pid == who && (WIFEXITED(status) ||
889 		    WIFSIGNALED(status))) {
890 			return true;
891 		}
892 		if (who == 0) {
893 			return false;
894 		}
895 		if (who == -1 && errno != EINTR) {
896 			warn("waitpid");
897 			return false;
898 		}
899 	}
900 }
901 
902 static void
daemon_set_child_pipe(struct daemon_state * state)903 daemon_set_child_pipe(struct daemon_state *state)
904 {
905 	if (state->stdmask & STDERR_FILENO) {
906 		if (dup2(state->pipe_wr, STDERR_FILENO) == -1) {
907 			err(1, "dup2");
908 		}
909 	}
910 	if (state->stdmask & STDOUT_FILENO) {
911 		if (dup2(state->pipe_wr, STDOUT_FILENO) == -1) {
912 			err(1, "dup2");
913 		}
914 	}
915 	if (state->pipe_wr != STDERR_FILENO &&
916 	    state->pipe_wr != STDOUT_FILENO) {
917 		close(state->pipe_wr);
918 	}
919 
920 	/* The child gets dup'd pipes. */
921 	close(state->pipe_rd);
922 }
923 
924 static int
daemon_setup_kqueue(void)925 daemon_setup_kqueue(void)
926 {
927 	int kq;
928 	struct kevent event = { 0 };
929 
930 	kq = kqueuex(KQUEUE_CLOEXEC);
931 	if (kq == -1) {
932 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "kqueue");
933 	}
934 
935 	EV_SET(&event, SIGHUP,  EVFILT_SIGNAL, EV_ADD, 0, 0, NULL);
936 	if (kevent(kq, &event, 1, NULL, 0, NULL) == -1) {
937 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "failed to register kevent");
938 	}
939 
940 	EV_SET(&event, SIGTERM, EVFILT_SIGNAL, EV_ADD, 0, 0, NULL);
941 	if (kevent(kq, &event, 1, NULL, 0, NULL) == -1) {
942 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "failed to register kevent");
943 	}
944 
945 	EV_SET(&event, SIGCHLD, EVFILT_SIGNAL, EV_ADD, 0, 0, NULL);
946 	if (kevent(kq, &event, 1, NULL, 0, NULL) == -1) {
947 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "failed to register kevent");
948 	}
949 
950 	return (kq);
951 }
952 
953 static int
pidfile_truncate(struct pidfh * pfh)954 pidfile_truncate(struct pidfh *pfh)
955 {
956 	int pfd = pidfile_fileno(pfh);
957 
958 	assert(pfd >= 0);
959 
960 	if (ftruncate(pfd, 0) == -1)
961 		return (-1);
962 
963 	/*
964 	 * pidfile_write(3) will always pwrite(..., 0) today, but let's assume
965 	 * it may not always and do a best-effort reset of the position just to
966 	 * set a good example.
967 	 */
968 	(void)lseek(pfd, 0, SEEK_SET);
969 	return (0);
970 }
971