xref: /linux/drivers/android/binder_internal.h (revision 1959e18cc0b842c53836265548e99be8694a11a7)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2 
3 #ifndef _LINUX_BINDER_INTERNAL_H
4 #define _LINUX_BINDER_INTERNAL_H
5 
6 #include <linux/fs.h>
7 #include <linux/list.h>
8 #include <linux/miscdevice.h>
9 #include <linux/mutex.h>
10 #include <linux/refcount.h>
11 #include <linux/stddef.h>
12 #include <linux/types.h>
13 #include <linux/uidgid.h>
14 #include <uapi/linux/android/binderfs.h>
15 #include "binder_alloc.h"
16 #include "dbitmap.h"
17 
18 struct binder_context {
19 	struct binder_node *binder_context_mgr_node;
20 	struct mutex context_mgr_node_lock;
21 	kuid_t binder_context_mgr_uid;
22 	const char *name;
23 };
24 
25 /**
26  * struct binder_device - information about a binder device node
27  * @hlist:          list of binder devices
28  * @miscdev:        information about a binder character device node
29  * @context:        binder context information
30  * @binderfs_inode: This is the inode of the root dentry of the super block
31  *                  belonging to a binderfs mount.
32  */
33 struct binder_device {
34 	struct hlist_node hlist;
35 	struct miscdevice miscdev;
36 	struct binder_context context;
37 	struct inode *binderfs_inode;
38 	refcount_t ref;
39 };
40 
41 /**
42  * binderfs_mount_opts - mount options for binderfs
43  * @max: maximum number of allocatable binderfs binder devices
44  * @stats_mode: enable binder stats in binderfs.
45  */
46 struct binderfs_mount_opts {
47 	int max;
48 	int stats_mode;
49 };
50 
51 /**
52  * binderfs_info - information about a binderfs mount
53  * @ipc_ns:         The ipc namespace the binderfs mount belongs to.
54  * @control_dentry: This records the dentry of this binderfs mount
55  *                  binder-control device.
56  * @root_uid:       uid that needs to be used when a new binder device is
57  *                  created.
58  * @root_gid:       gid that needs to be used when a new binder device is
59  *                  created.
60  * @mount_opts:     The mount options in use.
61  * @device_count:   The current number of allocated binder devices.
62  * @proc_log_dir:   Pointer to the directory dentry containing process-specific
63  *                  logs.
64  */
65 struct binderfs_info {
66 	struct ipc_namespace *ipc_ns;
67 	struct dentry *control_dentry;
68 	kuid_t root_uid;
69 	kgid_t root_gid;
70 	struct binderfs_mount_opts mount_opts;
71 	int device_count;
72 	struct dentry *proc_log_dir;
73 };
74 
75 extern const struct file_operations binder_fops;
76 
77 extern char *binder_devices_param;
78 
79 #ifdef CONFIG_ANDROID_BINDERFS
80 extern bool is_binderfs_device(const struct inode *inode);
81 extern struct dentry *binderfs_create_file(struct dentry *dir, const char *name,
82 					   const struct file_operations *fops,
83 					   void *data);
84 #else
is_binderfs_device(const struct inode * inode)85 static inline bool is_binderfs_device(const struct inode *inode)
86 {
87 	return false;
88 }
binderfs_create_file(struct dentry * dir,const char * name,const struct file_operations * fops,void * data)89 static inline struct dentry *binderfs_create_file(struct dentry *dir,
90 					   const char *name,
91 					   const struct file_operations *fops,
92 					   void *data)
93 {
94 	return NULL;
95 }
96 #endif
97 
98 #ifdef CONFIG_ANDROID_BINDERFS
99 extern int __init init_binderfs(void);
100 #else
init_binderfs(void)101 static inline int __init init_binderfs(void)
102 {
103 	return 0;
104 }
105 #endif
106 
107 struct binder_debugfs_entry {
108 	const char *name;
109 	umode_t mode;
110 	const struct file_operations *fops;
111 	void *data;
112 };
113 
114 extern const struct binder_debugfs_entry binder_debugfs_entries[];
115 
116 #define binder_for_each_debugfs_entry(entry)	\
117 	for ((entry) = binder_debugfs_entries;	\
118 	     (entry)->name;			\
119 	     (entry)++)
120 
121 enum binder_stat_types {
122 	BINDER_STAT_PROC,
123 	BINDER_STAT_THREAD,
124 	BINDER_STAT_NODE,
125 	BINDER_STAT_REF,
126 	BINDER_STAT_DEATH,
127 	BINDER_STAT_TRANSACTION,
128 	BINDER_STAT_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE,
129 	BINDER_STAT_FREEZE,
130 	BINDER_STAT_COUNT
131 };
132 
133 struct binder_stats {
134 	atomic_t br[_IOC_NR(BR_CLEAR_FREEZE_NOTIFICATION_DONE) + 1];
135 	atomic_t bc[_IOC_NR(BC_FREEZE_NOTIFICATION_DONE) + 1];
136 	atomic_t obj_created[BINDER_STAT_COUNT];
137 	atomic_t obj_deleted[BINDER_STAT_COUNT];
138 };
139 
140 /**
141  * struct binder_work - work enqueued on a worklist
142  * @entry:             node enqueued on list
143  * @type:              type of work to be performed
144  *
145  * There are separate work lists for proc, thread, and node (async).
146  */
147 struct binder_work {
148 	struct list_head entry;
149 
150 	enum binder_work_type {
151 		BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION = 1,
152 		BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE,
153 		BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION_PENDING,
154 		BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION_ONEWAY_SPAM_SUSPECT,
155 		BINDER_WORK_RETURN_ERROR,
156 		BINDER_WORK_NODE,
157 		BINDER_WORK_DEAD_BINDER,
158 		BINDER_WORK_DEAD_BINDER_AND_CLEAR,
159 		BINDER_WORK_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION,
160 		BINDER_WORK_FROZEN_BINDER,
161 		BINDER_WORK_CLEAR_FREEZE_NOTIFICATION,
162 	} type;
163 };
164 
165 struct binder_error {
166 	struct binder_work work;
167 	uint32_t cmd;
168 };
169 
170 /**
171  * struct binder_node - binder node bookkeeping
172  * @debug_id:             unique ID for debugging
173  *                        (invariant after initialized)
174  * @lock:                 lock for node fields
175  * @work:                 worklist element for node work
176  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock)
177  * @rb_node:              element for proc->nodes tree
178  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock)
179  * @dead_node:            element for binder_dead_nodes list
180  *                        (protected by binder_dead_nodes_lock)
181  * @proc:                 binder_proc that owns this node
182  *                        (invariant after initialized)
183  * @refs:                 list of references on this node
184  *                        (protected by @lock)
185  * @internal_strong_refs: used to take strong references when
186  *                        initiating a transaction
187  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock if @proc
188  *                        and by @lock)
189  * @local_weak_refs:      weak user refs from local process
190  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock if @proc
191  *                        and by @lock)
192  * @local_strong_refs:    strong user refs from local process
193  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock if @proc
194  *                        and by @lock)
195  * @tmp_refs:             temporary kernel refs
196  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock while @proc
197  *                        is valid, and by binder_dead_nodes_lock
198  *                        if @proc is NULL. During inc/dec and node release
199  *                        it is also protected by @lock to provide safety
200  *                        as the node dies and @proc becomes NULL)
201  * @ptr:                  userspace pointer for node
202  *                        (invariant, no lock needed)
203  * @cookie:               userspace cookie for node
204  *                        (invariant, no lock needed)
205  * @has_strong_ref:       userspace notified of strong ref
206  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock if @proc
207  *                        and by @lock)
208  * @pending_strong_ref:   userspace has acked notification of strong ref
209  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock if @proc
210  *                        and by @lock)
211  * @has_weak_ref:         userspace notified of weak ref
212  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock if @proc
213  *                        and by @lock)
214  * @pending_weak_ref:     userspace has acked notification of weak ref
215  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock if @proc
216  *                        and by @lock)
217  * @has_async_transaction: async transaction to node in progress
218  *                        (protected by @lock)
219  * @accept_fds:           file descriptor operations supported for node
220  *                        (invariant after initialized)
221  * @min_priority:         minimum scheduling priority
222  *                        (invariant after initialized)
223  * @txn_security_ctx:     require sender's security context
224  *                        (invariant after initialized)
225  * @async_todo:           list of async work items
226  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock)
227  *
228  * Bookkeeping structure for binder nodes.
229  */
230 struct binder_node {
231 	int debug_id;
232 	spinlock_t lock;
233 	struct binder_work work;
234 	union {
235 		struct rb_node rb_node;
236 		struct hlist_node dead_node;
237 	};
238 	struct binder_proc *proc;
239 	struct hlist_head refs;
240 	int internal_strong_refs;
241 	int local_weak_refs;
242 	int local_strong_refs;
243 	int tmp_refs;
244 	binder_uintptr_t ptr;
245 	binder_uintptr_t cookie;
246 	struct {
247 		/*
248 		 * bitfield elements protected by
249 		 * proc inner_lock
250 		 */
251 		u8 has_strong_ref:1;
252 		u8 pending_strong_ref:1;
253 		u8 has_weak_ref:1;
254 		u8 pending_weak_ref:1;
255 	};
256 	struct {
257 		/*
258 		 * invariant after initialization
259 		 */
260 		u8 accept_fds:1;
261 		u8 txn_security_ctx:1;
262 		u8 min_priority;
263 	};
264 	bool has_async_transaction;
265 	struct list_head async_todo;
266 };
267 
268 struct binder_ref_death {
269 	/**
270 	 * @work: worklist element for death notifications
271 	 *        (protected by inner_lock of the proc that
272 	 *        this ref belongs to)
273 	 */
274 	struct binder_work work;
275 	binder_uintptr_t cookie;
276 };
277 
278 struct binder_ref_freeze {
279 	struct binder_work work;
280 	binder_uintptr_t cookie;
281 	bool is_frozen:1;
282 	bool sent:1;
283 	bool resend:1;
284 };
285 
286 /**
287  * struct binder_ref_data - binder_ref counts and id
288  * @debug_id:        unique ID for the ref
289  * @desc:            unique userspace handle for ref
290  * @strong:          strong ref count (debugging only if not locked)
291  * @weak:            weak ref count (debugging only if not locked)
292  *
293  * Structure to hold ref count and ref id information. Since
294  * the actual ref can only be accessed with a lock, this structure
295  * is used to return information about the ref to callers of
296  * ref inc/dec functions.
297  */
298 struct binder_ref_data {
299 	int debug_id;
300 	uint32_t desc;
301 	int strong;
302 	int weak;
303 };
304 
305 /**
306  * struct binder_ref - struct to track references on nodes
307  * @data:        binder_ref_data containing id, handle, and current refcounts
308  * @rb_node_desc: node for lookup by @data.desc in proc's rb_tree
309  * @rb_node_node: node for lookup by @node in proc's rb_tree
310  * @node_entry:  list entry for node->refs list in target node
311  *               (protected by @node->lock)
312  * @proc:        binder_proc containing ref
313  * @node:        binder_node of target node. When cleaning up a
314  *               ref for deletion in binder_cleanup_ref, a non-NULL
315  *               @node indicates the node must be freed
316  * @death:       pointer to death notification (ref_death) if requested
317  *               (protected by @node->lock)
318  * @freeze:      pointer to freeze notification (ref_freeze) if requested
319  *               (protected by @node->lock)
320  *
321  * Structure to track references from procA to target node (on procB). This
322  * structure is unsafe to access without holding @proc->outer_lock.
323  */
324 struct binder_ref {
325 	/* Lookups needed: */
326 	/*   node + proc => ref (transaction) */
327 	/*   desc + proc => ref (transaction, inc/dec ref) */
328 	/*   node => refs + procs (proc exit) */
329 	struct binder_ref_data data;
330 	struct rb_node rb_node_desc;
331 	struct rb_node rb_node_node;
332 	struct hlist_node node_entry;
333 	struct binder_proc *proc;
334 	struct binder_node *node;
335 	struct binder_ref_death *death;
336 	struct binder_ref_freeze *freeze;
337 };
338 
339 /**
340  * struct binder_proc - binder process bookkeeping
341  * @proc_node:            element for binder_procs list
342  * @threads:              rbtree of binder_threads in this proc
343  *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
344  * @nodes:                rbtree of binder nodes associated with
345  *                        this proc ordered by node->ptr
346  *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
347  * @refs_by_desc:         rbtree of refs ordered by ref->desc
348  *                        (protected by @outer_lock)
349  * @refs_by_node:         rbtree of refs ordered by ref->node
350  *                        (protected by @outer_lock)
351  * @waiting_threads:      threads currently waiting for proc work
352  *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
353  * @pid                   PID of group_leader of process
354  *                        (invariant after initialized)
355  * @tsk                   task_struct for group_leader of process
356  *                        (invariant after initialized)
357  * @cred                  struct cred associated with the `struct file`
358  *                        in binder_open()
359  *                        (invariant after initialized)
360  * @deferred_work_node:   element for binder_deferred_list
361  *                        (protected by binder_deferred_lock)
362  * @deferred_work:        bitmap of deferred work to perform
363  *                        (protected by binder_deferred_lock)
364  * @outstanding_txns:     number of transactions to be transmitted before
365  *                        processes in freeze_wait are woken up
366  *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
367  * @is_dead:              process is dead and awaiting free
368  *                        when outstanding transactions are cleaned up
369  *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
370  * @is_frozen:            process is frozen and unable to service
371  *                        binder transactions
372  *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
373  * @sync_recv:            process received sync transactions since last frozen
374  *                        bit 0: received sync transaction after being frozen
375  *                        bit 1: new pending sync transaction during freezing
376  *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
377  * @async_recv:           process received async transactions since last frozen
378  *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
379  * @freeze_wait:          waitqueue of processes waiting for all outstanding
380  *                        transactions to be processed
381  *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
382  * @dmap                  dbitmap to manage available reference descriptors
383  *                        (protected by @outer_lock)
384  * @todo:                 list of work for this process
385  *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
386  * @stats:                per-process binder statistics
387  *                        (atomics, no lock needed)
388  * @delivered_death:      list of delivered death notification
389  *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
390  * @delivered_freeze:     list of delivered freeze notification
391  *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
392  * @max_threads:          cap on number of binder threads
393  *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
394  * @requested_threads:    number of binder threads requested but not
395  *                        yet started. In current implementation, can
396  *                        only be 0 or 1.
397  *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
398  * @requested_threads_started: number binder threads started
399  *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
400  * @tmp_ref:              temporary reference to indicate proc is in use
401  *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
402  * @default_priority:     default scheduler priority
403  *                        (invariant after initialized)
404  * @debugfs_entry:        debugfs node
405  * @alloc:                binder allocator bookkeeping
406  * @context:              binder_context for this proc
407  *                        (invariant after initialized)
408  * @inner_lock:           can nest under outer_lock and/or node lock
409  * @outer_lock:           no nesting under innor or node lock
410  *                        Lock order: 1) outer, 2) node, 3) inner
411  * @binderfs_entry:       process-specific binderfs log file
412  * @oneway_spam_detection_enabled: process enabled oneway spam detection
413  *                        or not
414  *
415  * Bookkeeping structure for binder processes
416  */
417 struct binder_proc {
418 	struct hlist_node proc_node;
419 	struct rb_root threads;
420 	struct rb_root nodes;
421 	struct rb_root refs_by_desc;
422 	struct rb_root refs_by_node;
423 	struct list_head waiting_threads;
424 	int pid;
425 	struct task_struct *tsk;
426 	const struct cred *cred;
427 	struct hlist_node deferred_work_node;
428 	int deferred_work;
429 	int outstanding_txns;
430 	bool is_dead;
431 	bool is_frozen;
432 	bool sync_recv;
433 	bool async_recv;
434 	wait_queue_head_t freeze_wait;
435 	struct dbitmap dmap;
436 	struct list_head todo;
437 	struct binder_stats stats;
438 	struct list_head delivered_death;
439 	struct list_head delivered_freeze;
440 	u32 max_threads;
441 	int requested_threads;
442 	int requested_threads_started;
443 	int tmp_ref;
444 	long default_priority;
445 	struct dentry *debugfs_entry;
446 	struct binder_alloc alloc;
447 	struct binder_context *context;
448 	spinlock_t inner_lock;
449 	spinlock_t outer_lock;
450 	struct dentry *binderfs_entry;
451 	bool oneway_spam_detection_enabled;
452 };
453 
454 /**
455  * struct binder_thread - binder thread bookkeeping
456  * @proc:                 binder process for this thread
457  *                        (invariant after initialization)
458  * @rb_node:              element for proc->threads rbtree
459  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock)
460  * @waiting_thread_node:  element for @proc->waiting_threads list
461  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock)
462  * @pid:                  PID for this thread
463  *                        (invariant after initialization)
464  * @looper:               bitmap of looping state
465  *                        (only accessed by this thread)
466  * @looper_needs_return:  looping thread needs to exit driver
467  *                        (no lock needed)
468  * @transaction_stack:    stack of in-progress transactions for this thread
469  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock)
470  * @todo:                 list of work to do for this thread
471  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock)
472  * @process_todo:         whether work in @todo should be processed
473  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock)
474  * @return_error:         transaction errors reported by this thread
475  *                        (only accessed by this thread)
476  * @reply_error:          transaction errors reported by target thread
477  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock)
478  * @ee:                   extended error information from this thread
479  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock)
480  * @wait:                 wait queue for thread work
481  * @stats:                per-thread statistics
482  *                        (atomics, no lock needed)
483  * @tmp_ref:              temporary reference to indicate thread is in use
484  *                        (atomic since @proc->inner_lock cannot
485  *                        always be acquired)
486  * @is_dead:              thread is dead and awaiting free
487  *                        when outstanding transactions are cleaned up
488  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock)
489  *
490  * Bookkeeping structure for binder threads.
491  */
492 struct binder_thread {
493 	struct binder_proc *proc;
494 	struct rb_node rb_node;
495 	struct list_head waiting_thread_node;
496 	int pid;
497 	int looper;              /* only modified by this thread */
498 	bool looper_need_return; /* can be written by other thread */
499 	struct binder_transaction *transaction_stack;
500 	struct list_head todo;
501 	bool process_todo;
502 	struct binder_error return_error;
503 	struct binder_error reply_error;
504 	struct binder_extended_error ee;
505 	wait_queue_head_t wait;
506 	struct binder_stats stats;
507 	atomic_t tmp_ref;
508 	bool is_dead;
509 };
510 
511 /**
512  * struct binder_txn_fd_fixup - transaction fd fixup list element
513  * @fixup_entry:          list entry
514  * @file:                 struct file to be associated with new fd
515  * @offset:               offset in buffer data to this fixup
516  * @target_fd:            fd to use by the target to install @file
517  *
518  * List element for fd fixups in a transaction. Since file
519  * descriptors need to be allocated in the context of the
520  * target process, we pass each fd to be processed in this
521  * struct.
522  */
523 struct binder_txn_fd_fixup {
524 	struct list_head fixup_entry;
525 	struct file *file;
526 	size_t offset;
527 	int target_fd;
528 };
529 
530 struct binder_transaction {
531 	int debug_id;
532 	struct binder_work work;
533 	struct binder_thread *from;
534 	pid_t from_pid;
535 	pid_t from_tid;
536 	struct binder_transaction *from_parent;
537 	struct binder_proc *to_proc;
538 	struct binder_thread *to_thread;
539 	struct binder_transaction *to_parent;
540 	unsigned need_reply:1;
541 	/* unsigned is_dead:1; */       /* not used at the moment */
542 
543 	struct binder_buffer *buffer;
544 	unsigned int    code;
545 	unsigned int    flags;
546 	long    priority;
547 	long    saved_priority;
548 	kuid_t  sender_euid;
549 	ktime_t start_time;
550 	struct list_head fd_fixups;
551 	binder_uintptr_t security_ctx;
552 	/**
553 	 * @lock:  protects @from, @to_proc, and @to_thread
554 	 *
555 	 * @from, @to_proc, and @to_thread can be set to NULL
556 	 * during thread teardown
557 	 */
558 	spinlock_t lock;
559 };
560 
561 /**
562  * struct binder_object - union of flat binder object types
563  * @hdr:   generic object header
564  * @fbo:   binder object (nodes and refs)
565  * @fdo:   file descriptor object
566  * @bbo:   binder buffer pointer
567  * @fdao:  file descriptor array
568  *
569  * Used for type-independent object copies
570  */
571 struct binder_object {
572 	union {
573 		struct binder_object_header hdr;
574 		struct flat_binder_object fbo;
575 		struct binder_fd_object fdo;
576 		struct binder_buffer_object bbo;
577 		struct binder_fd_array_object fdao;
578 	};
579 };
580 
581 /**
582  * Add a binder device to binder_devices
583  * @device: the new binder device to add to the global list
584  */
585 void binder_add_device(struct binder_device *device);
586 
587 /**
588  * Remove a binder device to binder_devices
589  * @device: the binder device to remove from the global list
590  */
591 void binder_remove_device(struct binder_device *device);
592 
593 #endif /* _LINUX_BINDER_INTERNAL_H */
594