xref: /freebsd/contrib/mandoc/man_validate.c (revision 06410c1b51637e5e1f392d553b5008948af58014)
1 /* $Id: man_validate.c,v 1.161 2025/07/09 12:51:06 schwarze Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Copyright (c) 2010-2020, 2023, 2025 Ingo Schwarze <schwarze@openbsd.org>
4  * Copyright (c) 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011 Kristaps Dzonsons <kristaps@bsd.lv>
5  *
6  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
7  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
8  * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
9  *
10  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHORS DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES
11  * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
12  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR
13  * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
14  * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
15  * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
16  * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
17  *
18  * Validation module for man(7) syntax trees used by mandoc(1).
19  */
20 #include "config.h"
21 
22 #include <sys/types.h>
23 
24 #include <assert.h>
25 #include <ctype.h>
26 #include <errno.h>
27 #include <limits.h>
28 #include <stdarg.h>
29 #include <stdio.h>
30 #include <stdlib.h>
31 #include <string.h>
32 #include <time.h>
33 
34 #include "mandoc_aux.h"
35 #include "mandoc.h"
36 #include "mandoc_xr.h"
37 #include "roff.h"
38 #include "man.h"
39 #include "libmandoc.h"
40 #include "roff_int.h"
41 #include "libman.h"
42 #include "tag.h"
43 
44 #define	CHKARGS	  struct roff_man *man, struct roff_node *n
45 
46 typedef	void	(*v_check)(CHKARGS);
47 
48 static	void	  check_par(CHKARGS);
49 static	void	  check_part(CHKARGS);
50 static	void	  check_root(CHKARGS);
51 static	void	  check_tag(struct roff_node *, struct roff_node *);
52 static	void	  check_text(CHKARGS);
53 
54 static	void	  post_AT(CHKARGS);
55 static	void	  post_EE(CHKARGS);
56 static	void	  post_EX(CHKARGS);
57 static	void	  post_IP(CHKARGS);
58 static	void	  post_MR(CHKARGS);
59 static	void	  post_OP(CHKARGS);
60 static	void	  post_SH(CHKARGS);
61 static	void	  post_TH(CHKARGS);
62 static	void	  post_TP(CHKARGS);
63 static	void	  post_UC(CHKARGS);
64 static	void	  post_UR(CHKARGS);
65 static	void	  post_in(CHKARGS);
66 
67 static	const v_check man_valids[MAN_MAX - MAN_TH] = {
68 	post_TH,    /* TH */
69 	post_SH,    /* SH */
70 	post_SH,    /* SS */
71 	post_TP,    /* TP */
72 	post_TP,    /* TQ */
73 	check_par,  /* LP */
74 	check_par,  /* PP */
75 	check_par,  /* P */
76 	post_IP,    /* IP */
77 	NULL,       /* HP */
78 	NULL,       /* SM */
79 	NULL,       /* SB */
80 	NULL,       /* BI */
81 	NULL,       /* IB */
82 	NULL,       /* BR */
83 	NULL,       /* RB */
84 	NULL,       /* R */
85 	NULL,       /* B */
86 	NULL,       /* I */
87 	NULL,       /* IR */
88 	NULL,       /* RI */
89 	NULL,       /* RE */
90 	check_part, /* RS */
91 	NULL,       /* DT */
92 	post_UC,    /* UC */
93 	NULL,       /* PD */
94 	post_AT,    /* AT */
95 	post_in,    /* in */
96 	NULL,       /* SY */
97 	NULL,       /* YS */
98 	post_OP,    /* OP */
99 	post_EX,    /* EX */
100 	post_EE,    /* EE */
101 	post_UR,    /* UR */
102 	NULL,       /* UE */
103 	post_UR,    /* MT */
104 	NULL,       /* ME */
105 	post_MR,    /* MR */
106 };
107 
108 
109 /* Validate the subtree rooted at man->last. */
110 void
111 man_validate(struct roff_man *man)
112 {
113 	struct roff_node *n;
114 	const v_check	 *cp;
115 
116 	/*
117 	 * Iterate over all children, recursing into each one
118 	 * in turn, depth-first.
119 	 */
120 
121 	n = man->last;
122 	man->last = man->last->child;
123 	while (man->last != NULL) {
124 		man_validate(man);
125 		if (man->last == n)
126 			man->last = man->last->child;
127 		else
128 			man->last = man->last->next;
129 	}
130 
131 	/* Finally validate the macro itself. */
132 
133 	man->last = n;
134 	man->next = ROFF_NEXT_SIBLING;
135 	switch (n->type) {
136 	case ROFFT_TEXT:
137 		check_text(man, n);
138 		break;
139 	case ROFFT_ROOT:
140 		check_root(man, n);
141 		break;
142 	case ROFFT_COMMENT:
143 	case ROFFT_EQN:
144 	case ROFFT_TBL:
145 		break;
146 	default:
147 		if (n->tok < ROFF_MAX) {
148 			roff_validate(man);
149 			break;
150 		}
151 		assert(n->tok >= MAN_TH && n->tok < MAN_MAX);
152 		cp = man_valids + (n->tok - MAN_TH);
153 		if (*cp)
154 			(*cp)(man, n);
155 		if (man->last == n)
156 			n->flags |= NODE_VALID;
157 		break;
158 	}
159 }
160 
161 static void
162 check_root(CHKARGS)
163 {
164 	assert((man->flags & (MAN_BLINE | MAN_ELINE)) == 0);
165 
166 	if (n->last == NULL || n->last->type == ROFFT_COMMENT)
167 		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_DOC_EMPTY, n->line, n->pos, NULL);
168 	else
169 		man->meta.hasbody = 1;
170 
171 	if (NULL == man->meta.title) {
172 		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_TH_NOTITLE, n->line, n->pos, NULL);
173 
174 		/*
175 		 * If a title hasn't been set, do so now (by
176 		 * implication, date and section also aren't set).
177 		 */
178 
179 		man->meta.title = mandoc_strdup("");
180 		man->meta.msec = mandoc_strdup("");
181 		man->meta.date = mandoc_normdate(NULL, NULL);
182 	}
183 
184 	if (man->meta.os_e &&
185 	    (man->meta.rcsids & (1 << man->meta.os_e)) == 0)
186 		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_RCS_MISSING, 0, 0,
187 		    man->meta.os_e == MANDOC_OS_OPENBSD ?
188 		    "(OpenBSD)" : "(NetBSD)");
189 }
190 
191 /*
192  * Skip leading whitespace, dashes, backslashes, and font escapes,
193  * then create a tag if the first following byte is a letter.
194  * Priority is high unless whitespace is present.
195  */
196 static void
197 check_tag(struct roff_node *n, struct roff_node *nt)
198 {
199 	const char	*cp, *arg;
200 	int		 prio, sz;
201 
202 	if (nt == NULL || nt->type != ROFFT_TEXT)
203 		return;
204 
205 	cp = nt->string;
206 	prio = TAG_STRONG;
207 	for (;;) {
208 		switch (*cp) {
209 		case ' ':
210 		case '\t':
211 			prio = TAG_WEAK;
212 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
213 		case '-':
214 			cp++;
215 			break;
216 		case '\\':
217 			cp++;
218 			switch (mandoc_escape(&cp, &arg, &sz)) {
219 			case ESCAPE_FONT:
220 			case ESCAPE_FONTBOLD:
221 			case ESCAPE_FONTITALIC:
222 			case ESCAPE_FONTBI:
223 			case ESCAPE_FONTROMAN:
224 			case ESCAPE_FONTCR:
225 			case ESCAPE_FONTCB:
226 			case ESCAPE_FONTCI:
227 			case ESCAPE_FONTPREV:
228 			case ESCAPE_IGNORE:
229 				break;
230 			case ESCAPE_SPECIAL:
231 				if (sz != 1)
232 					return;
233 				switch (*arg) {
234 				case '-':
235 				case 'e':
236 					break;
237 				default:
238 					return;
239 				}
240 				break;
241 			default:
242 				return;
243 			}
244 			break;
245 		default:
246 			if (isalpha((unsigned char)*cp))
247 				tag_put(cp, prio, n);
248 			return;
249 		}
250 	}
251 }
252 
253 static void
254 check_text(CHKARGS)
255 {
256 	char		*cp, *p;
257 
258 	if (n->flags & NODE_NOFILL)
259 		return;
260 
261 	cp = n->string;
262 	for (p = cp; NULL != (p = strchr(p, '\t')); p++)
263 		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_FI_TAB,
264 		    n->line, n->pos + (int)(p - cp), NULL);
265 }
266 
267 static void
268 post_EE(CHKARGS)
269 {
270 	if ((n->flags & NODE_NOFILL) == 0)
271 		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_FI_SKIP, n->line, n->pos, "EE");
272 }
273 
274 static void
275 post_EX(CHKARGS)
276 {
277 	if (n->flags & NODE_NOFILL)
278 		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_NF_SKIP, n->line, n->pos, "EX");
279 }
280 
281 static void
282 post_OP(CHKARGS)
283 {
284 
285 	if (n->child == NULL)
286 		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_OP_EMPTY, n->line, n->pos, "OP");
287 	else if (n->child->next != NULL && n->child->next->next != NULL) {
288 		n = n->child->next->next;
289 		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_ARG_EXCESS,
290 		    n->line, n->pos, "OP ... %s", n->string);
291 	}
292 }
293 
294 static void
295 post_SH(CHKARGS)
296 {
297 	struct roff_node	*nc;
298 	char			*cp, *tag;
299 
300 	nc = n->child;
301 	switch (n->type) {
302 	case ROFFT_BLOCK:
303 		if ((nc = n->prev) != NULL && nc->tok == ROFF_br) {
304 			mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_PAR_SKIP, nc->line, nc->pos,
305 			    "%s before first %s", roff_name[nc->tok],
306 			    roff_name[n->tok]);
307 			roff_node_delete(man, nc);
308 		}
309 		return;
310 	case ROFFT_HEAD:
311 		tag = NULL;
312 		deroff(&tag, n);
313 		if (tag != NULL) {
314 			for (cp = tag; *cp != '\0'; cp++)
315 				if (*cp == ' ')
316 					*cp = '_';
317 			if (nc != NULL && nc->type == ROFFT_TEXT &&
318 			    strcmp(nc->string, tag) == 0)
319 				tag_put(NULL, TAG_STRONG, n);
320 			else
321 				tag_put(tag, TAG_FALLBACK, n);
322 			free(tag);
323 		}
324 		return;
325 	case ROFFT_BODY:
326 		if (nc != NULL)
327 			break;
328 		return;
329 	default:
330 		return;
331 	}
332 
333 	if ((nc->tok == MAN_LP || nc->tok == MAN_PP || nc->tok == MAN_P) &&
334 	    nc->body->child != NULL) {
335 		while (nc->body->last != NULL) {
336 			man->next = ROFF_NEXT_CHILD;
337 			roff_node_relink(man, nc->body->last);
338 			man->last = n;
339 		}
340 	}
341 
342 	if (nc->tok == MAN_LP || nc->tok == MAN_PP || nc->tok == MAN_P ||
343 	    nc->tok == ROFF_sp || nc->tok == ROFF_br) {
344 		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_PAR_SKIP, nc->line, nc->pos,
345 		    "%s after %s", roff_name[nc->tok], roff_name[n->tok]);
346 		roff_node_delete(man, nc);
347 	}
348 
349 	/*
350 	 * Trailing PP is empty, so it is deleted by check_par().
351 	 * Trailing sp is significant.
352 	 */
353 
354 	if ((nc = n->last) != NULL && nc->tok == ROFF_br) {
355 		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_PAR_SKIP,
356 		    nc->line, nc->pos, "%s at the end of %s",
357 		    roff_name[nc->tok], roff_name[n->tok]);
358 		roff_node_delete(man, nc);
359 	}
360 }
361 
362 static void
363 post_UR(CHKARGS)
364 {
365 	if (n->type == ROFFT_HEAD && n->child == NULL)
366 		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_UR_NOHEAD, n->line, n->pos,
367 		    "%s", roff_name[n->tok]);
368 }
369 
370 static void
371 check_part(CHKARGS)
372 {
373 	if (n->type == ROFFT_BODY && n->child == NULL)
374 		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_BLK_EMPTY, n->line, n->pos,
375 		    "%s", roff_name[n->tok]);
376 }
377 
378 static void
379 check_par(CHKARGS)
380 {
381 
382 	switch (n->type) {
383 	case ROFFT_BLOCK:
384 		if (n->body->child == NULL)
385 			roff_node_delete(man, n);
386 		break;
387 	case ROFFT_BODY:
388 		if (n->child != NULL &&
389 		    (n->child->tok == ROFF_sp || n->child->tok == ROFF_br)) {
390 			mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_PAR_SKIP,
391 			    n->child->line, n->child->pos,
392 			    "%s after %s", roff_name[n->child->tok],
393 			    roff_name[n->tok]);
394 			roff_node_delete(man, n->child);
395 		}
396 		if (n->child == NULL)
397 			mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_PAR_SKIP, n->line, n->pos,
398 			    "%s empty", roff_name[n->tok]);
399 		break;
400 	case ROFFT_HEAD:
401 		if (n->child != NULL)
402 			mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_ARG_SKIP,
403 			    n->line, n->pos, "%s %s%s",
404 			    roff_name[n->tok], n->child->string,
405 			    n->child->next != NULL ? " ..." : "");
406 		break;
407 	default:
408 		break;
409 	}
410 }
411 
412 static void
413 post_IP(CHKARGS)
414 {
415 	switch (n->type) {
416 	case ROFFT_BLOCK:
417 		if (n->head->child == NULL && n->body->child == NULL)
418 			roff_node_delete(man, n);
419 		break;
420 	case ROFFT_HEAD:
421 		check_tag(n, n->child);
422 		break;
423 	case ROFFT_BODY:
424 		if (n->parent->head->child == NULL && n->child == NULL)
425 			mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_PAR_SKIP, n->line, n->pos,
426 			    "%s empty", roff_name[n->tok]);
427 		break;
428 	default:
429 		break;
430 	}
431 }
432 
433 /*
434  * The first next-line element in the head is the tag.
435  * If that's a font macro, use its first child instead.
436  */
437 static void
438 post_TP(CHKARGS)
439 {
440 	struct roff_node *nt;
441 
442 	if (n->type != ROFFT_HEAD || (nt = n->child) == NULL)
443 		return;
444 
445 	while ((nt->flags & NODE_LINE) == 0)
446 		if ((nt = nt->next) == NULL)
447 			return;
448 
449 	switch (nt->tok) {
450 	case MAN_B:
451 	case MAN_BI:
452 	case MAN_BR:
453 	case MAN_I:
454 	case MAN_IB:
455 	case MAN_IR:
456 		nt = nt->child;
457 		break;
458 	default:
459 		break;
460 	}
461 	check_tag(n, nt);
462 }
463 
464 static void
465 post_TH(CHKARGS)
466 {
467 	struct roff_node *nb;
468 	const char	*p;
469 
470 	free(man->meta.title);
471 	free(man->meta.vol);
472 	free(man->meta.os);
473 	free(man->meta.msec);
474 	free(man->meta.date);
475 
476 	man->meta.title = man->meta.vol = man->meta.date =
477 	    man->meta.msec = man->meta.os = NULL;
478 
479 	nb = n;
480 
481 	/* ->TITLE<- MSEC DATE OS VOL */
482 
483 	n = n->child;
484 	if (n != NULL && n->string != NULL && *n->string != '\0') {
485 		for (p = n->string; *p != '\0'; p++) {
486 			/* Only warn about this once... */
487 			if (isalpha((unsigned char)*p) &&
488 			    ! isupper((unsigned char)*p)) {
489 				mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_TITLE_CASE, n->line,
490 				    n->pos + (int)(p - n->string),
491 				    "TH %s", n->string);
492 				break;
493 			}
494 		}
495 		man->meta.title = mandoc_strdup(n->string);
496 	} else {
497 		man->meta.title = mandoc_strdup("UNTITLED");
498 		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_DT_NOTITLE, nb->line, nb->pos, "TH");
499 	}
500 
501 	/* TITLE ->MSEC<- DATE OS VOL */
502 
503 	if (n != NULL)
504 		n = n->next;
505 	if (n != NULL && n->string != NULL) {
506 		man->meta.msec = mandoc_strdup(n->string);
507 		if (man->filesec != '\0' &&
508 		    man->filesec != *n->string &&
509 		    *n->string >= '1' && *n->string <= '9')
510 			mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_MSEC_FILE, n->line, n->pos,
511 			    "*.%c vs TH ... %c", man->filesec, *n->string);
512 	} else {
513 		man->meta.msec = mandoc_strdup("");
514 		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_MSEC_MISSING,
515 		    nb->line, nb->pos, "TH %s", man->meta.title);
516 	}
517 
518 	/* TITLE MSEC ->DATE<- OS VOL */
519 
520 	if (n != NULL)
521 		n = n->next;
522 	if (man->quick && n != NULL)
523 		man->meta.date = mandoc_strdup("");
524 	else
525 		man->meta.date = mandoc_normdate(n, nb);
526 
527 	/* TITLE MSEC DATE ->OS<- VOL */
528 
529 	if (n && (n = n->next))
530 		man->meta.os = mandoc_strdup(n->string);
531 	else if (man->os_s != NULL)
532 		man->meta.os = mandoc_strdup(man->os_s);
533 	if (man->meta.os_e == MANDOC_OS_OTHER && man->meta.os != NULL) {
534 		if (strstr(man->meta.os, "OpenBSD") != NULL)
535 			man->meta.os_e = MANDOC_OS_OPENBSD;
536 		else if (strstr(man->meta.os, "NetBSD") != NULL)
537 			man->meta.os_e = MANDOC_OS_NETBSD;
538 	}
539 
540 	/* TITLE MSEC DATE OS ->VOL<- */
541 	/* If missing, use the default VOL name for MSEC. */
542 
543 	if (n && (n = n->next))
544 		man->meta.vol = mandoc_strdup(n->string);
545 	else if ('\0' != man->meta.msec[0] &&
546 	    (NULL != (p = mandoc_a2msec(man->meta.msec))))
547 		man->meta.vol = mandoc_strdup(p);
548 
549 	if (n != NULL && (n = n->next) != NULL)
550 		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_ARG_EXCESS,
551 		    n->line, n->pos, "TH ... %s", n->string);
552 
553 	/*
554 	 * Remove the `TH' node after we've processed it for our
555 	 * meta-data.
556 	 */
557 	roff_node_delete(man, man->last);
558 }
559 
560 static void
561 post_MR(CHKARGS)
562 {
563 	struct roff_node *nch;
564 
565 	if ((nch = n->child) == NULL) {
566 		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_NM_NONAME, n->line, n->pos, "MR");
567 		return;
568 	}
569 	if (nch->next == NULL) {
570 		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_XR_NOSEC,
571 		    n->line, n->pos, "MR %s", nch->string);
572 		return;
573 	}
574 	if (mandoc_xr_add(nch->next->string, nch->string, nch->line, nch->pos))
575 		mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_XR_SELF, nch->line, nch->pos,
576 		    "MR %s %s", nch->string, nch->next->string);
577 	if ((nch = nch->next->next) == NULL || nch->next == NULL)
578 		return;
579 
580 	mandoc_msg(MANDOCERR_ARG_EXCESS, nch->next->line, nch->next->pos,
581 	    "MR ... %s", nch->next->string);
582 	while (nch->next != NULL)
583 		roff_node_delete(man, nch->next);
584 }
585 
586 static void
587 post_UC(CHKARGS)
588 {
589 	static const char * const bsd_versions[] = {
590 	    "3rd Berkeley Distribution",
591 	    "4th Berkeley Distribution",
592 	    "4.2 Berkeley Distribution",
593 	    "4.3 Berkeley Distribution",
594 	    "4.4 Berkeley Distribution",
595 	};
596 
597 	const char	*p, *s;
598 
599 	n = n->child;
600 
601 	if (n == NULL || n->type != ROFFT_TEXT)
602 		p = bsd_versions[0];
603 	else {
604 		s = n->string;
605 		if (0 == strcmp(s, "3"))
606 			p = bsd_versions[0];
607 		else if (0 == strcmp(s, "4"))
608 			p = bsd_versions[1];
609 		else if (0 == strcmp(s, "5"))
610 			p = bsd_versions[2];
611 		else if (0 == strcmp(s, "6"))
612 			p = bsd_versions[3];
613 		else if (0 == strcmp(s, "7"))
614 			p = bsd_versions[4];
615 		else
616 			p = bsd_versions[0];
617 	}
618 
619 	free(man->meta.os);
620 	man->meta.os = mandoc_strdup(p);
621 }
622 
623 static void
624 post_AT(CHKARGS)
625 {
626 	static const char * const unix_versions[] = {
627 	    "7th Edition",
628 	    "System III",
629 	    "System V",
630 	    "System V Release 2",
631 	};
632 
633 	struct roff_node *nn;
634 	const char	*p, *s;
635 
636 	n = n->child;
637 
638 	if (n == NULL || n->type != ROFFT_TEXT)
639 		p = unix_versions[0];
640 	else {
641 		s = n->string;
642 		if (0 == strcmp(s, "3"))
643 			p = unix_versions[0];
644 		else if (0 == strcmp(s, "4"))
645 			p = unix_versions[1];
646 		else if (0 == strcmp(s, "5")) {
647 			nn = n->next;
648 			if (nn != NULL &&
649 			    nn->type == ROFFT_TEXT &&
650 			    nn->string[0] != '\0')
651 				p = unix_versions[3];
652 			else
653 				p = unix_versions[2];
654 		} else
655 			p = unix_versions[0];
656 	}
657 
658 	free(man->meta.os);
659 	man->meta.os = mandoc_strdup(p);
660 }
661 
662 static void
663 post_in(CHKARGS)
664 {
665 	char	*s;
666 
667 	if (n->parent->tok != MAN_TP ||
668 	    n->parent->type != ROFFT_HEAD ||
669 	    n->child == NULL ||
670 	    *n->child->string == '+' ||
671 	    *n->child->string == '-')
672 		return;
673 	mandoc_asprintf(&s, "+%s", n->child->string);
674 	free(n->child->string);
675 	n->child->string = s;
676 }
677