xref: /freebsd/crypto/openssh/sshkey.h (revision bb5c77e9d281d6def6835d48249898764bc6a5fe)
1 /* $OpenBSD: sshkey.h,v 1.74 2026/06/14 03:59:34 djm Exp $ */
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 2000, 2001 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  * are met:
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
17  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
18  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
19  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
20  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
21  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
22  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
23  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
24  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
25  */
26 #ifndef SSHKEY_H
27 #define SSHKEY_H
28 
29 #include <sys/types.h>
30 
31 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
32 #include <openssl/rsa.h>
33 #include <openssl/evp.h>
34 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
35 #  include <openssl/ec.h>
36 #  include <openssl/ecdsa.h>
37 # else /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
38 #  define EC_KEY	void
39 #  define EC_GROUP	void
40 #  define EC_POINT	void
41 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
42 #define SSH_OPENSSL_VERSION OpenSSL_version(OPENSSL_VERSION)
43 #else /* WITH_OPENSSL */
44 # define BIGNUM		void
45 # define RSA		void
46 # define EC_KEY		void
47 # define EC_GROUP	void
48 # define EC_POINT	void
49 # define EVP_PKEY	void
50 #define SSH_OPENSSL_VERSION "without OpenSSL"
51 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
52 
53 #define SSH_RSA_MINIMUM_MODULUS_SIZE	1024
54 #define SSH_KEY_MAX_SIGN_DATA_SIZE	(1 << 20)
55 
56 struct sshbuf;
57 
58 /* Key types */
59 enum sshkey_types {
60 	KEY_RSA,
61 	KEY_ECDSA,
62 	KEY_ED25519,
63 	KEY_RSA_CERT,
64 	KEY_ECDSA_CERT,
65 	KEY_ED25519_CERT,
66 	KEY_ECDSA_SK,
67 	KEY_ECDSA_SK_CERT,
68 	KEY_ED25519_SK,
69 	KEY_ED25519_SK_CERT,
70 	KEY_MLDSA44_ED25519,
71 	KEY_MLDSA44_ED25519_CERT,
72 	KEY_UNSPEC
73 };
74 
75 /* Default fingerprint hash */
76 #define SSH_FP_HASH_DEFAULT	SSH_DIGEST_SHA256
77 
78 /* Fingerprint representation formats */
79 enum sshkey_fp_rep {
80 	SSH_FP_DEFAULT = 0,
81 	SSH_FP_HEX,
82 	SSH_FP_BASE64,
83 	SSH_FP_BUBBLEBABBLE,
84 	SSH_FP_RANDOMART
85 };
86 
87 /* Private key serialisation formats, used on the wire */
88 enum sshkey_serialize_rep {
89 	SSHKEY_SERIALIZE_DEFAULT = 0,
90 };
91 
92 /* Private key disk formats */
93 enum sshkey_private_format {
94 	SSHKEY_PRIVATE_OPENSSH = 0,
95 	SSHKEY_PRIVATE_PEM = 1,
96 	SSHKEY_PRIVATE_PKCS8 = 2,
97 };
98 
99 /* key is stored in external hardware */
100 #define SSHKEY_FLAG_EXT		0x0001
101 
102 #define SSHKEY_CERT_MAX_PRINCIPALS	256
103 /* XXX opacify? */
104 struct sshkey_cert {
105 	struct sshbuf	*certblob; /* Kept around for use on wire */
106 	u_int		 type; /* SSH2_CERT_TYPE_USER or SSH2_CERT_TYPE_HOST */
107 	uint64_t	 serial;
108 	char		*key_id;
109 	u_int		 nprincipals;
110 	char		**principals;
111 	uint64_t	 valid_after, valid_before;
112 	struct sshbuf	*critical;
113 	struct sshbuf	*extensions;
114 	struct sshkey	*signature_key;
115 	char		*signature_type;
116 };
117 
118 /* XXX opacify? */
119 struct sshkey {
120 	int	 type;
121 	int	 flags;
122 	/* KEY_ECDSA and KEY_ECDSA_SK */
123 	int	 ecdsa_nid;	/* NID of curve */
124 	/* libcrypto-backed keys */
125 	EVP_PKEY *pkey;
126 	/* KEY_ED25519 and KEY_ED25519_SK */
127 	u_char	*ed25519_sk;
128 	u_char	*ed25519_pk;
129 	/* KEY_MLDSA44_ED25519 */
130 	u_char	*mldsa_ed25519_sk;
131 	u_char	*mldsa_ed25519_pk;
132 	/* KEY_ECDSA_SK and KEY_ED25519_SK */
133 	char	*sk_application;
134 	uint8_t	sk_flags;
135 	struct sshbuf *sk_key_handle;
136 	struct sshbuf *sk_reserved;
137 	/* Certificates */
138 	struct sshkey_cert *cert;
139 	/* Private key shielding */
140 	u_char	*shielded_private;
141 	size_t	shielded_len;
142 	u_char	*shield_prekey;
143 	size_t	shield_prekey_len;
144 };
145 
146 #define	ED25519_SK_SZ	crypto_sign_ed25519_SECRETKEYBYTES
147 #define	ED25519_PK_SZ	crypto_sign_ed25519_PUBLICKEYBYTES
148 
149 /* Additional fields contained in signature */
150 struct sshkey_sig_details {
151 	uint32_t sk_counter;	/* U2F signature counter */
152 	uint8_t sk_flags;	/* U2F signature flags; see ssh-sk.h */
153 };
154 
155 struct sshkey_impl_funcs {
156 	u_int (*size)(const struct sshkey *);	/* optional */
157 	int (*alloc)(struct sshkey *);		/* optional */
158 	void (*cleanup)(struct sshkey *);	/* optional */
159 	int (*equal)(const struct sshkey *, const struct sshkey *);
160 	int (*serialize_public)(const struct sshkey *, struct sshbuf *,
161 	    enum sshkey_serialize_rep);
162 	int (*deserialize_public)(const char *, struct sshbuf *,
163 	    struct sshkey *);
164 	int (*serialize_private)(const struct sshkey *, struct sshbuf *,
165 	    enum sshkey_serialize_rep);
166 	int (*deserialize_private)(const char *, struct sshbuf *,
167 	    struct sshkey *);
168 	int (*generate)(struct sshkey *, int);	/* optional */
169 	int (*copy_public)(const struct sshkey *, struct sshkey *);
170 	int (*sign)(struct sshkey *, u_char **, size_t *,
171 	    const u_char *, size_t, const char *,
172 	    const char *, const char *, u_int); /* optional */
173 	int (*verify)(const struct sshkey *, const u_char *, size_t,
174 	    const u_char *, size_t, const char *, u_int,
175 	    struct sshkey_sig_details **);
176 };
177 
178 struct sshkey_impl {
179 	const char *name;
180 	const char *shortname;
181 	const char *sigalg;
182 	int type;
183 	int nid;
184 	int cert;
185 	int sigonly;
186 	int keybits;
187 	const struct sshkey_impl_funcs *funcs;
188 };
189 
190 struct sshkey	*sshkey_new(int);
191 void		 sshkey_free(struct sshkey *);
192 int		 sshkey_equal_public(const struct sshkey *,
193     const struct sshkey *);
194 int		 sshkey_equal(const struct sshkey *, const struct sshkey *);
195 char		*sshkey_fingerprint(const struct sshkey *,
196     int, enum sshkey_fp_rep);
197 int		 sshkey_fingerprint_raw(const struct sshkey *k,
198     int, u_char **retp, size_t *lenp);
199 const char	*sshkey_type(const struct sshkey *);
200 const char	*sshkey_cert_type(const struct sshkey *);
201 int		 sshkey_format_text(const struct sshkey *, struct sshbuf *);
202 int		 sshkey_write(const struct sshkey *, FILE *);
203 int		 sshkey_read(struct sshkey *, char **);
204 u_int		 sshkey_size(const struct sshkey *);
205 
206 int		 sshkey_generate(int type, u_int bits, struct sshkey **keyp);
207 int		 sshkey_from_private(const struct sshkey *, struct sshkey **);
208 
209 int		 sshkey_is_shielded(struct sshkey *);
210 int		 sshkey_shield_private(struct sshkey *);
211 int		 sshkey_unshield_private(struct sshkey *);
212 
213 int	 sshkey_type_from_name(const char *);
214 int	 sshkey_type_from_shortname(const char *);
215 int	 sshkey_is_cert(const struct sshkey *);
216 int	 sshkey_is_sk(const struct sshkey *);
217 int	 sshkey_type_is_cert(int);
218 int	 sshkey_type_plain(int);
219 
220 /* Returns non-zero if key name match sigalgs pattern list. (handles RSA) */
221 int	 sshkey_match_keyname_to_sigalgs(const char *, const char *);
222 
223 int	 sshkey_to_certified(struct sshkey *);
224 int	 sshkey_drop_cert(struct sshkey *);
225 int	 sshkey_cert_copy(const struct sshkey *, struct sshkey *);
226 int	 sshkey_cert_check_authority(const struct sshkey *, int, int,
227     uint64_t, const char *, const char **);
228 int	 sshkey_cert_check_authority_now(const struct sshkey *, int, int,
229     const char *, const char **);
230 int	 sshkey_cert_check_host(const struct sshkey *, const char *,
231     const char *, const char **);
232 size_t	 sshkey_format_cert_validity(const struct sshkey_cert *,
233     char *, size_t) __attribute__((__bounded__(__string__, 2, 3)));
234 int	 sshkey_check_cert_sigtype(const struct sshkey *, const char *);
235 
236 int	 sshkey_certify(struct sshkey *, struct sshkey *,
237     const char *, const char *, const char *);
238 /* Variant allowing use of a custom signature function (e.g. for ssh-agent) */
239 typedef int sshkey_certify_signer(struct sshkey *, u_char **, size_t *,
240     const u_char *, size_t, const char *, const char *, const char *,
241     u_int, void *);
242 int	 sshkey_certify_custom(struct sshkey *, struct sshkey *, const char *,
243     const char *, const char *, sshkey_certify_signer *, void *);
244 
245 int		 sshkey_ecdsa_nid_from_name(const char *);
246 int		 sshkey_curve_name_to_nid(const char *);
247 const char *	 sshkey_curve_nid_to_name(int);
248 u_int		 sshkey_curve_nid_to_bits(int);
249 int		 sshkey_ecdsa_bits_to_nid(int);
250 int		 sshkey_ecdsa_key_to_nid(const EC_KEY *);
251 int		 sshkey_ecdsa_pkey_to_nid(EVP_PKEY *);
252 int		 sshkey_ec_nid_to_hash_alg(int nid);
253 int		 sshkey_ec_validate_public(const EC_GROUP *, const EC_POINT *);
254 int		 sshkey_ec_validate_private(const EC_KEY *);
255 const char	*sshkey_ssh_name(const struct sshkey *);
256 const char	*sshkey_ssh_name_plain(const struct sshkey *);
257 int		 sshkey_names_valid2(const char *, int, int);
258 char		*sshkey_alg_list(int, int, int, char);
259 
260 int	 sshkey_from_blob(const u_char *, size_t, struct sshkey **);
261 int	 sshkey_fromb(struct sshbuf *, struct sshkey **);
262 int	 sshkey_froms(struct sshbuf *, struct sshkey **);
263 int	 sshkey_to_blob(const struct sshkey *, u_char **, size_t *);
264 int	 sshkey_to_base64(const struct sshkey *, char **);
265 int	 sshkey_putb(const struct sshkey *, struct sshbuf *);
266 int	 sshkey_puts(const struct sshkey *, struct sshbuf *);
267 int	 sshkey_plain_to_blob(const struct sshkey *, u_char **, size_t *);
268 int	 sshkey_putb_plain(const struct sshkey *, struct sshbuf *);
269 int	 sshkey_puts_plain(const struct sshkey *, struct sshbuf *);
270 
271 int	 sshkey_sign(struct sshkey *, u_char **, size_t *,
272     const u_char *, size_t, const char *, const char *, const char *, u_int);
273 int	 sshkey_verify(const struct sshkey *, const u_char *, size_t,
274     const u_char *, size_t, const char *, u_int, struct sshkey_sig_details **);
275 int	 sshkey_check_sigtype(const u_char *, size_t, const char *);
276 const char *sshkey_sigalg_by_name(const char *);
277 int	 sshkey_get_sigtype(const u_char *, size_t, char **);
278 
279 /* Signing and verification backend for libcrypto-backed keys */
280 int	sshkey_pkey_digest_sign(EVP_PKEY*, int, u_char **,
281     size_t *, const u_char *, size_t);
282 int	sshkey_pkey_digest_verify(EVP_PKEY *, int, const u_char *,
283     size_t, u_char *, size_t);
284 
285 /* for debug */
286 void	sshkey_dump_ec_point(const EC_GROUP *, const EC_POINT *);
287 void	sshkey_dump_ec_key(const EC_KEY *);
288 
289 /* private key parsing and serialisation */
290 int	sshkey_private_serialize(struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *buf);
291 int	sshkey_private_deserialize(struct sshbuf *buf,  struct sshkey **keyp);
292 
293 /* private key file format parsing and serialisation */
294 int	sshkey_private_to_fileblob(struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *blob,
295     const char *passphrase, const char *comment,
296     int format, const char *openssh_format_cipher, int openssh_format_rounds);
297 int	sshkey_parse_private_fileblob(struct sshbuf *buffer,
298     const char *passphrase, struct sshkey **keyp, char **commentp);
299 int	sshkey_parse_private_fileblob_type(struct sshbuf *blob, int type,
300     const char *passphrase, struct sshkey **keyp, char **commentp);
301 int	sshkey_parse_pubkey_from_private_fileblob_type(struct sshbuf *blob,
302     int type, struct sshkey **pubkeyp);
303 
304 int sshkey_check_rsa_length(const struct sshkey *, int);
305 int	ssh_rsa_hash_id_from_keyname(const char *);
306 const char *ssh_rsa_hash_alg_ident(int);
307 int	ssh_rsa_encode_store_sig(int, const u_char *, size_t,
308 	    u_char **, size_t *);
309 int	ssh_ecdsa_encode_store_sig(const struct sshkey *,
310 	    const BIGNUM *, const BIGNUM *, u_char **, size_t *);
311 int	ssh_ed25519_encode_store_sig(const u_char *, size_t,
312 	    u_char **, size_t *);
313 /* XXX should be internal, but used by ssh-keygen */
314 int ssh_rsa_complete_crt_parameters(const BIGNUM *, const BIGNUM *,
315     const BIGNUM *, const BIGNUM *, BIGNUM **, BIGNUM **);
316 
317 void	 sshkey_sig_details_free(struct sshkey_sig_details *);
318 
319 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
320 int	sshkey_ecdsa_fixup_group(EVP_PKEY *k); /* ssh-ecdsa.c */
321 #endif
322 
323 #ifdef SSHKEY_INTERNAL
324 int	sshkey_sk_fields_equal(const struct sshkey *a, const struct sshkey *b);
325 void	sshkey_sk_cleanup(struct sshkey *k);
326 int	sshkey_serialize_sk(const struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *b);
327 int	sshkey_copy_public_sk(const struct sshkey *from, struct sshkey *to);
328 int	sshkey_deserialize_sk(struct sshbuf *b, struct sshkey *key);
329 int	sshkey_serialize_private_sk(const struct sshkey *key,
330     struct sshbuf *buf);
331 int	sshkey_private_deserialize_sk(struct sshbuf *buf, struct sshkey *k);
332 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
333 int	check_rsa_length(const RSA *rsa); /* XXX remove */
334 #endif
335 #endif
336 
337 #if !defined(WITH_OPENSSL)
338 # undef RSA
339 # undef EC_KEY
340 # undef EC_GROUP
341 # undef EC_POINT
342 # undef EVP_PKEY
343 #elif !defined(OPENSSL_HAS_ECC)
344 # undef EC_KEY
345 # undef EC_GROUP
346 # undef EC_POINT
347 #endif
348 
349 #endif /* SSHKEY_H */
350