xref: /freebsd/sys/contrib/openzfs/module/zfs/zap_micro.c (revision 22649d4dba730d46244fd2dff4fd174903c8379f)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: CDDL-1.0
2 /*
3  * This file and its contents are supplied under the terms of the
4  * Common Development and Distribution License ("CDDL"), version 1.0.
5  * You may only use this file in accordance with the terms of version
6  * 1.0 of the CDDL.
7  *
8  * A full copy of the text of the CDDL should have accompanied this
9  * source.  A copy of the CDDL is also available via the Internet at
10  * https://opensource.org/license/CDDL-1.0.
11  */
12 
13 /*
14  * Copyright (c) 2005, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
15  * Copyright (c) 2011, 2018 by Delphix. All rights reserved.
16  * Copyright (c) 2014 Spectra Logic Corporation, All rights reserved.
17  * Copyright 2017 Nexenta Systems, Inc.
18  * Copyright (c) 2024, Klara, Inc.
19  */
20 
21 #include <sys/zio.h>
22 #include <sys/spa.h>
23 #include <sys/dmu.h>
24 #include <sys/zfs_context.h>
25 #include <sys/zap.h>
26 #include <sys/zap_impl.h>
27 #include <sys/zap_leaf.h>
28 #include <sys/btree.h>
29 #include <sys/arc.h>
30 #include <sys/dmu_objset.h>
31 #include <sys/spa_impl.h>
32 
33 #ifdef _KERNEL
34 #include <sys/sunddi.h>
35 #endif
36 
37 /*
38  * The maximum size (in bytes) of a microzap before it is converted to a
39  * fatzap. It will be rounded up to next multiple of 512 (SPA_MINBLOCKSIZE).
40  *
41  * By definition, a microzap must fit into a single block, so this has
42  * traditionally been SPA_OLD_MAXBLOCKSIZE, and is set to that by default.
43  * Setting this higher requires both the large_blocks feature (to even create
44  * blocks that large) and the large_microzap feature (to enable the stream
45  * machinery to understand not to try to split a microzap block).
46  *
47  * If large_microzap is enabled, this value will be clamped to
48  * spa_maxblocksize(), up to 1M. If not, it will be clamped to
49  * SPA_OLD_MAXBLOCKSIZE.
50  */
51 static int zap_micro_max_size = SPA_OLD_MAXBLOCKSIZE;
52 
53 /*
54  * The 1M upper limit is necessary because the count of chunks in a microzap
55  * block is stored as a uint16_t (mze_chunkid). Each chunk is 64 bytes, and the
56  * first is used to store a header, so there are 32767 usable chunks, which is
57  * just under 2M. 1M is the largest power-2-rounded block size under 2M, so we
58  * must set the limit there.
59  */
60 #define	MZAP_MAX_SIZE	(1048576)
61 
62 uint64_t
zap_get_micro_max_size(spa_t * spa)63 zap_get_micro_max_size(spa_t *spa)
64 {
65 	uint64_t maxsz = MIN(MZAP_MAX_SIZE,
66 	    P2ROUNDUP(zap_micro_max_size, SPA_MINBLOCKSIZE));
67 	if (maxsz <= SPA_OLD_MAXBLOCKSIZE)
68 		return (maxsz);
69 	if (spa_feature_is_enabled(spa, SPA_FEATURE_LARGE_MICROZAP))
70 		return (MIN(maxsz, spa_maxblocksize(spa)));
71 	return (SPA_OLD_MAXBLOCKSIZE);
72 }
73 
74 void
mzap_byteswap(mzap_phys_t * buf,size_t size)75 mzap_byteswap(mzap_phys_t *buf, size_t size)
76 {
77 	buf->mz_block_type = BSWAP_64(buf->mz_block_type);
78 	buf->mz_salt = BSWAP_64(buf->mz_salt);
79 	buf->mz_normflags = BSWAP_64(buf->mz_normflags);
80 	int max = (size / MZAP_ENT_LEN) - 1;
81 	for (int i = 0; i < max; i++) {
82 		buf->mz_chunk[i].mze_value =
83 		    BSWAP_64(buf->mz_chunk[i].mze_value);
84 		buf->mz_chunk[i].mze_cd =
85 		    BSWAP_32(buf->mz_chunk[i].mze_cd);
86 	}
87 }
88 
89 __attribute__((always_inline)) inline
90 static int
mze_compare(const void * arg1,const void * arg2)91 mze_compare(const void *arg1, const void *arg2)
92 {
93 	const mzap_ent_t *mze1 = arg1;
94 	const mzap_ent_t *mze2 = arg2;
95 
96 	return (TREE_CMP((uint64_t)(mze1->mze_hash) << 32 | mze1->mze_cd,
97 	    (uint64_t)(mze2->mze_hash) << 32 | mze2->mze_cd));
98 }
99 
ZFS_BTREE_FIND_IN_BUF_FUNC(mze_find_in_buf,mzap_ent_t,mze_compare)100 ZFS_BTREE_FIND_IN_BUF_FUNC(mze_find_in_buf, mzap_ent_t,
101     mze_compare)
102 
103 static void
104 mze_insert(zap_t *zap, uint16_t chunkid, uint64_t hash)
105 {
106 	mzap_ent_t mze;
107 
108 	ASSERT(zap->zap_ismicro);
109 	ASSERT(RW_WRITE_HELD(&zap->zap_rwlock));
110 
111 	mze.mze_chunkid = chunkid;
112 	ASSERT0(hash & 0xffffffff);
113 	mze.mze_hash = hash >> 32;
114 	ASSERT3U(MZE_PHYS(zap, &mze)->mze_cd, <=, 0xffff);
115 	mze.mze_cd = (uint16_t)MZE_PHYS(zap, &mze)->mze_cd;
116 	ASSERT(MZE_PHYS(zap, &mze)->mze_name[0] != 0);
117 	zfs_btree_add(&zap->zap_m.zap_tree, &mze);
118 }
119 
120 mzap_ent_t *
mze_find(zap_name_t * zn,zfs_btree_index_t * idx)121 mze_find(zap_name_t *zn, zfs_btree_index_t *idx)
122 {
123 	mzap_ent_t mze_tofind;
124 	mzap_ent_t *mze;
125 	zfs_btree_t *tree = &zn->zn_zap->zap_m.zap_tree;
126 
127 	ASSERT(zn->zn_zap->zap_ismicro);
128 	ASSERT(RW_LOCK_HELD(&zn->zn_zap->zap_rwlock));
129 
130 	ASSERT0(zn->zn_hash & 0xffffffff);
131 	mze_tofind.mze_hash = zn->zn_hash >> 32;
132 	mze_tofind.mze_cd = 0;
133 
134 	mze = zfs_btree_find(tree, &mze_tofind, idx);
135 	if (mze == NULL)
136 		mze = zfs_btree_next(tree, idx, idx);
137 	for (; mze && mze->mze_hash == mze_tofind.mze_hash;
138 	    mze = zfs_btree_next(tree, idx, idx)) {
139 		ASSERT3U(mze->mze_cd, ==, MZE_PHYS(zn->zn_zap, mze)->mze_cd);
140 		if (zap_match(zn, MZE_PHYS(zn->zn_zap, mze)->mze_name))
141 			return (mze);
142 	}
143 
144 	return (NULL);
145 }
146 
147 static uint32_t
mze_find_unused_cd(zap_t * zap,uint64_t hash)148 mze_find_unused_cd(zap_t *zap, uint64_t hash)
149 {
150 	mzap_ent_t mze_tofind;
151 	zfs_btree_index_t idx;
152 	zfs_btree_t *tree = &zap->zap_m.zap_tree;
153 
154 	ASSERT(zap->zap_ismicro);
155 	ASSERT(RW_LOCK_HELD(&zap->zap_rwlock));
156 
157 	ASSERT0(hash & 0xffffffff);
158 	hash >>= 32;
159 	mze_tofind.mze_hash = hash;
160 	mze_tofind.mze_cd = 0;
161 
162 	uint32_t cd = 0;
163 	for (mzap_ent_t *mze = zfs_btree_find(tree, &mze_tofind, &idx);
164 	    mze && mze->mze_hash == hash;
165 	    mze = zfs_btree_next(tree, &idx, &idx)) {
166 		if (mze->mze_cd != cd)
167 			break;
168 		cd++;
169 	}
170 
171 	return (cd);
172 }
173 
174 /*
175  * Each mzap entry requires at max : 4 chunks
176  * 3 chunks for names + 1 chunk for value.
177  */
178 #define	MZAP_ENT_CHUNKS	(1 + ZAP_LEAF_ARRAY_NCHUNKS(MZAP_NAME_LEN) + \
179 	ZAP_LEAF_ARRAY_NCHUNKS(sizeof (uint64_t)))
180 
181 /*
182  * Check if the current entry keeps the colliding entries under the fatzap leaf
183  * size.
184  */
185 boolean_t
mze_canfit_fzap_leaf(zap_name_t * zn,uint64_t hash)186 mze_canfit_fzap_leaf(zap_name_t *zn, uint64_t hash)
187 {
188 	zap_t *zap = zn->zn_zap;
189 	mzap_ent_t mze_tofind;
190 	zfs_btree_index_t idx;
191 	zfs_btree_t *tree = &zap->zap_m.zap_tree;
192 	uint32_t mzap_ents = 0;
193 
194 	ASSERT0(hash & 0xffffffff);
195 	hash >>= 32;
196 	mze_tofind.mze_hash = hash;
197 	mze_tofind.mze_cd = 0;
198 
199 	for (mzap_ent_t *mze = zfs_btree_find(tree, &mze_tofind, &idx);
200 	    mze && mze->mze_hash == hash;
201 	    mze = zfs_btree_next(tree, &idx, &idx)) {
202 		mzap_ents++;
203 	}
204 
205 	/* Include the new entry being added */
206 	mzap_ents++;
207 
208 	return (ZAP_LEAF_NUMCHUNKS_DEF > (mzap_ents * MZAP_ENT_CHUNKS));
209 }
210 
211 void
mze_destroy(zap_t * zap)212 mze_destroy(zap_t *zap)
213 {
214 	zfs_btree_clear(&zap->zap_m.zap_tree);
215 	zfs_btree_destroy(&zap->zap_m.zap_tree);
216 }
217 
218 zap_t *
mzap_open(dmu_buf_t * db)219 mzap_open(dmu_buf_t *db)
220 {
221 	zap_t *winner;
222 	uint64_t *zap_hdr = (uint64_t *)db->db_data;
223 	uint64_t zap_block_type = zap_hdr[0];
224 	uint64_t zap_magic = zap_hdr[1];
225 
226 	ASSERT3U(MZAP_ENT_LEN, ==, sizeof (mzap_ent_phys_t));
227 
228 	zap_t *zap = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (zap_t), KM_SLEEP);
229 	rw_init(&zap->zap_rwlock, NULL, RW_DEFAULT, NULL);
230 	rw_enter(&zap->zap_rwlock, RW_WRITER);
231 	zap->zap_objset = dmu_buf_get_objset(db);
232 	zap->zap_object = db->db_object;
233 	zap->zap_dbuf = db;
234 
235 	if (zap_block_type != ZBT_MICRO) {
236 		mutex_init(&zap->zap_f.zap_num_entries_mtx, 0, MUTEX_DEFAULT,
237 		    0);
238 		zap->zap_f.zap_block_shift = highbit64(db->db_size) - 1;
239 		if (zap_block_type != ZBT_HEADER || zap_magic != ZAP_MAGIC) {
240 			winner = NULL;	/* No actual winner here... */
241 			goto handle_winner;
242 		}
243 	} else {
244 		zap->zap_ismicro = TRUE;
245 	}
246 
247 	/*
248 	 * Make sure that zap_ismicro is set before we let others see it,
249 	 * because zap_lock() checks zap_ismicro without the lock held.
250 	 */
251 	dmu_buf_init_user(&zap->zap_dbu, zap_evict_sync, NULL, &zap->zap_dbuf);
252 	winner = dmu_buf_set_user(db, &zap->zap_dbu);
253 
254 	if (winner != NULL)
255 		goto handle_winner;
256 
257 	if (zap->zap_ismicro) {
258 		zap->zap_salt = zap_m_phys(zap)->mz_salt;
259 		zap->zap_normflags = zap_m_phys(zap)->mz_normflags;
260 		zap->zap_m.zap_num_chunks = db->db_size / MZAP_ENT_LEN - 1;
261 
262 		/*
263 		 * Reduce B-tree leaf from 4KB to 512 bytes to reduce memmove()
264 		 * overhead on massive inserts below.  It still allows to store
265 		 * 62 entries before we have to add 2KB B-tree core node.
266 		 */
267 		zfs_btree_create_custom(&zap->zap_m.zap_tree, mze_compare,
268 		    mze_find_in_buf, sizeof (mzap_ent_t), 512);
269 
270 		zap_name_t *zn = zap_name_alloc(zap, B_FALSE);
271 		for (uint16_t i = 0; i < zap->zap_m.zap_num_chunks; i++) {
272 			mzap_ent_phys_t *mze =
273 			    &zap_m_phys(zap)->mz_chunk[i];
274 			if (mze->mze_name[0]) {
275 				zap->zap_m.zap_num_entries++;
276 				zap_name_init_str(zn, mze->mze_name, 0);
277 				mze_insert(zap, i, zn->zn_hash);
278 			}
279 		}
280 		zap_name_free(zn);
281 	} else {
282 		zap->zap_salt = zap_f_phys(zap)->zap_salt;
283 		zap->zap_normflags = zap_f_phys(zap)->zap_normflags;
284 
285 		ASSERT3U(sizeof (struct zap_leaf_header), ==,
286 		    2*ZAP_LEAF_CHUNKSIZE);
287 
288 		/*
289 		 * The embedded pointer table should not overlap the
290 		 * other members.
291 		 */
292 		ASSERT3P(&ZAP_EMBEDDED_PTRTBL_ENT(zap, 0), >,
293 		    &zap_f_phys(zap)->zap_salt);
294 
295 		/*
296 		 * The embedded pointer table should end at the end of
297 		 * the block
298 		 */
299 		ASSERT3U((uintptr_t)&ZAP_EMBEDDED_PTRTBL_ENT(zap,
300 		    1<<ZAP_EMBEDDED_PTRTBL_SHIFT(zap)) -
301 		    (uintptr_t)zap_f_phys(zap), ==,
302 		    zap->zap_dbuf->db_size);
303 	}
304 	rw_exit(&zap->zap_rwlock);
305 	return (zap);
306 
307 handle_winner:
308 	rw_exit(&zap->zap_rwlock);
309 	rw_destroy(&zap->zap_rwlock);
310 	if (!zap->zap_ismicro)
311 		mutex_destroy(&zap->zap_f.zap_num_entries_mtx);
312 	kmem_free(zap, sizeof (zap_t));
313 	return (winner);
314 }
315 
316 int
mzap_upgrade(zap_t ** zapp,dmu_tx_t * tx,zap_flags_t flags)317 mzap_upgrade(zap_t **zapp, dmu_tx_t *tx, zap_flags_t flags)
318 {
319 	int err = 0;
320 	zap_t *zap = *zapp;
321 
322 	ASSERT(RW_WRITE_HELD(&zap->zap_rwlock));
323 
324 	int sz = zap->zap_dbuf->db_size;
325 	mzap_phys_t *mzp = vmem_alloc(sz, KM_SLEEP);
326 	memcpy(mzp, zap->zap_dbuf->db_data, sz);
327 	int nchunks = zap->zap_m.zap_num_chunks;
328 
329 	if (!flags) {
330 		err = dmu_object_set_blocksize(zap->zap_objset, zap->zap_object,
331 		    1ULL << fzap_default_block_shift, 0, tx);
332 		if (err != 0) {
333 			vmem_free(mzp, sz);
334 			return (err);
335 		}
336 	}
337 
338 	dprintf("upgrading obj=%llu with %u chunks\n",
339 	    (u_longlong_t)zap->zap_object, nchunks);
340 	/* XXX destroy the tree later, so we can use the stored hash value */
341 	mze_destroy(zap);
342 
343 	fzap_upgrade(zap, tx, flags);
344 
345 	zap_name_t *zn = zap_name_alloc(zap, B_FALSE);
346 	for (int i = 0; i < nchunks; i++) {
347 		mzap_ent_phys_t *mze = &mzp->mz_chunk[i];
348 		if (mze->mze_name[0] == 0)
349 			continue;
350 		dprintf("adding %s=%llu\n",
351 		    mze->mze_name, (u_longlong_t)mze->mze_value);
352 		zap_name_init_str(zn, mze->mze_name, 0);
353 		/* If we fail here, we would end up losing entries */
354 		VERIFY0(fzap_add_cd(zn, 8, 1, &mze->mze_value, mze->mze_cd,
355 		    tx));
356 	}
357 	zap_name_free(zn);
358 	vmem_free(mzp, sz);
359 	*zapp = zap;
360 	return (0);
361 }
362 
363 /*
364  * The "normflags" determine the behavior of the matchtype_t which is
365  * passed to zap_lookup_norm().  Names which have the same normalized
366  * version will be stored with the same hash value, and therefore we can
367  * perform normalization-insensitive lookups.  We can be Unicode form-
368  * insensitive and/or case-insensitive.  The following flags are valid for
369  * "normflags":
370  *
371  * U8_TEXTPREP_NFC
372  * U8_TEXTPREP_NFD
373  * U8_TEXTPREP_NFKC
374  * U8_TEXTPREP_NFKD
375  * U8_TEXTPREP_TOUPPER
376  *
377  * The *_NF* (Normalization Form) flags are mutually exclusive; at most one
378  * of them may be supplied.
379  */
380 void
mzap_create_impl(dnode_t * dn,int normflags,zap_flags_t flags,dmu_tx_t * tx)381 mzap_create_impl(dnode_t *dn, int normflags, zap_flags_t flags, dmu_tx_t *tx)
382 {
383 	dmu_buf_t *db;
384 
385 	VERIFY0(dmu_buf_hold_by_dnode(dn, 0, FTAG, &db, DMU_READ_NO_PREFETCH));
386 
387 	dmu_buf_will_dirty(db, tx);
388 	mzap_phys_t *zp = db->db_data;
389 	zp->mz_block_type = ZBT_MICRO;
390 	zp->mz_salt =
391 	    ((uintptr_t)db ^ (uintptr_t)tx ^ (dn->dn_object << 1)) | 1ULL;
392 	zp->mz_normflags = normflags;
393 
394 	if (flags != 0) {
395 		zap_t *zap;
396 		/* Only fat zap supports flags; upgrade immediately. */
397 		VERIFY0(zap_lock_by_dnode(dn, tx,
398 		    RW_WRITER, B_FALSE, B_FALSE, FTAG, &zap));
399 		VERIFY0(mzap_upgrade(&zap, tx, flags));
400 		zap_unlock(zap, FTAG);
401 	}
402 
403 	dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
404 }
405 
406 /*
407  * zn may be NULL; if not specified, it will be computed if needed.
408  * See also the comment above zap_entry_normalization_conflict().
409  */
410 boolean_t
mzap_normalization_conflict(zap_t * zap,zap_name_t * zn,mzap_ent_t * mze,zfs_btree_index_t * idx)411 mzap_normalization_conflict(zap_t *zap, zap_name_t *zn, mzap_ent_t *mze,
412     zfs_btree_index_t *idx)
413 {
414 	boolean_t allocdzn = B_FALSE;
415 	mzap_ent_t *other;
416 	zfs_btree_index_t oidx;
417 
418 	if (zap->zap_normflags == 0)
419 		return (B_FALSE);
420 
421 	for (other = zfs_btree_prev(&zap->zap_m.zap_tree, idx, &oidx);
422 	    other && other->mze_hash == mze->mze_hash;
423 	    other = zfs_btree_prev(&zap->zap_m.zap_tree, &oidx, &oidx)) {
424 
425 		if (zn == NULL) {
426 			zn = zap_name_alloc_str(zap,
427 			    MZE_PHYS(zap, mze)->mze_name, MT_NORMALIZE);
428 			allocdzn = B_TRUE;
429 		}
430 		if (zap_match(zn, MZE_PHYS(zap, other)->mze_name)) {
431 			if (allocdzn)
432 				zap_name_free(zn);
433 			return (B_TRUE);
434 		}
435 	}
436 
437 	for (other = zfs_btree_next(&zap->zap_m.zap_tree, idx, &oidx);
438 	    other && other->mze_hash == mze->mze_hash;
439 	    other = zfs_btree_next(&zap->zap_m.zap_tree, &oidx, &oidx)) {
440 
441 		if (zn == NULL) {
442 			zn = zap_name_alloc_str(zap,
443 			    MZE_PHYS(zap, mze)->mze_name, MT_NORMALIZE);
444 			allocdzn = B_TRUE;
445 		}
446 		if (zap_match(zn, MZE_PHYS(zap, other)->mze_name)) {
447 			if (allocdzn)
448 				zap_name_free(zn);
449 			return (B_TRUE);
450 		}
451 	}
452 
453 	if (allocdzn)
454 		zap_name_free(zn);
455 	return (B_FALSE);
456 }
457 
458 void
mzap_addent(zap_name_t * zn,uint64_t value)459 mzap_addent(zap_name_t *zn, uint64_t value)
460 {
461 	zap_t *zap = zn->zn_zap;
462 	uint16_t start = zap->zap_m.zap_alloc_next;
463 
464 	ASSERT(RW_WRITE_HELD(&zap->zap_rwlock));
465 
466 #ifdef ZFS_DEBUG
467 	for (int i = 0; i < zap->zap_m.zap_num_chunks; i++) {
468 		mzap_ent_phys_t *mze = &zap_m_phys(zap)->mz_chunk[i];
469 		ASSERT(strcmp(zn->zn_key_orig, mze->mze_name) != 0);
470 	}
471 #endif
472 
473 	uint32_t cd = mze_find_unused_cd(zap, zn->zn_hash);
474 	/* given the limited size of the microzap, this can't happen */
475 	ASSERT(cd < zap_maxcd(zap));
476 
477 again:
478 	for (uint16_t i = start; i < zap->zap_m.zap_num_chunks; i++) {
479 		mzap_ent_phys_t *mze = &zap_m_phys(zap)->mz_chunk[i];
480 		if (mze->mze_name[0] == 0) {
481 			mze->mze_value = value;
482 			mze->mze_cd = cd;
483 			(void) strlcpy(mze->mze_name, zn->zn_key_orig,
484 			    sizeof (mze->mze_name));
485 			zap->zap_m.zap_num_entries++;
486 			zap->zap_m.zap_alloc_next = i+1;
487 			if (zap->zap_m.zap_alloc_next ==
488 			    zap->zap_m.zap_num_chunks)
489 				zap->zap_m.zap_alloc_next = 0;
490 			mze_insert(zap, i, zn->zn_hash);
491 			return;
492 		}
493 	}
494 	if (start != 0) {
495 		start = 0;
496 		goto again;
497 	}
498 	cmn_err(CE_PANIC, "out of entries!");
499 }
500 
501 ZFS_MODULE_PARAM(zfs, , zap_micro_max_size, INT, ZMOD_RW,
502 	"Maximum micro ZAP size before converting to a fat ZAP, "
503 	    "in bytes (max 1M)");
504