xref: /freebsd/release/tools/vmimage.subr (revision f6e9474ebdd53de5cf487c7bc9e0fa6743881c23)
1#!/bin/sh
2#
3#
4#
5# Common functions for virtual machine image build scripts.
6#
7
8scriptdir=$(dirname $(realpath $0))
9. ${scriptdir}/../scripts/tools.subr
10. ${scriptdir}/../../tools/boot/install-boot.sh
11
12export PATH="/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin"
13trap "cleanup" INT QUIT TRAP ABRT TERM
14
15# Platform-specific large-scale setup
16# Most platforms use GPT, so put that as default, then special cases
17PARTSCHEME=gpt
18ROOTLABEL="gpt"
19case "${TARGET}:${TARGET_ARCH}" in
20	powerpc:powerpc*)
21		PARTSCHEME=mbr
22		ROOTLABEL="ufs"
23		NOSWAP=yes # Can't label swap partition with MBR, so no swap
24	;;
25esac
26
27err() {
28	printf "${@}\n"
29	cleanup
30	return 1
31}
32
33cleanup() {
34	if [ -c "${DESTDIR}/dev/null" ]; then
35		umount_loop ${DESTDIR}/dev 2>/dev/null
36	fi
37
38	return 0
39}
40
41metalog_add_data() {
42	local file mode type
43
44	if [ -n "${NO_ROOT}" ]; then
45		file=$1
46		if [ -f ${DESTDIR}/${file} ]; then
47			type=file
48			mode=${2:-0644}
49		elif [ -d ${DESTDIR}/${file} ]; then
50			type=dir
51			mode=${2:-0755}
52		else
53			echo "metalog_add_data: ${file} not found" >&2
54			return 1
55		fi
56		echo "${file} type=${type} uname=root gname=wheel mode=${mode}" >> \
57		    ${DESTDIR}/METALOG
58	fi
59}
60
61vm_create_base() {
62
63	mkdir -p ${DESTDIR}
64
65	return 0
66}
67
68vm_copy_base() {
69	# Defunct
70	return 0
71}
72
73vm_base_packages_list() {
74	# Output a list of package sets equivalent to what we get from
75	# "installworld installkernel distribution", aka. the full base
76	# system.
77	for S in base kernels; do
78		echo FreeBSD-set-$S
79		echo FreeBSD-set-$S-dbg
80	done
81	case ${TARGET_ARCH} in
82	amd64 | aarch64 | powerpc64)
83		echo FreeBSD-set-lib32
84		echo FreeBSD-set-lib32-dbg
85	esac
86	echo FreeBSD-set-tests
87}
88
89vm_extra_filter_base_packages() {
90	# Prototype. When overridden, allows further filtering of base system
91	# packages, reading package names from stdin and writing to stdout.
92	cat
93}
94
95vm_install_base() {
96	# Installs the FreeBSD userland/kernel to the virtual machine disk.
97
98	if [ -z "${NOPKGBASE}" ]; then
99		local pkg_cmd
100		pkg_cmd="${PKG_CMD} --rootdir ${DESTDIR} --repo-conf-dir ${PKGBASE_REPO_DIR}
101			-o ASSUME_ALWAYS_YES=yes -o IGNORE_OSVERSION=yes
102			-o ABI=${PKG_ABI} -o INSTALL_AS_USER=yes "
103		if [ -n "${NO_ROOT}" ]; then
104			pkg_cmd="$pkg_cmd -o METALOG=METALOG"
105		fi
106		$pkg_cmd update
107		selected=$(vm_base_packages_list | vm_extra_filter_base_packages)
108		$pkg_cmd install -U -r FreeBSD-base $selected
109		metalog_add_data ./var/db/pkg/local.sqlite
110		mkdir -p ${DESTDIR}/usr/local/etc/pkg/repos
111		echo 'FreeBSD-base: { enabled: yes }' > ${DESTDIR}/usr/local/etc/pkg/repos/FreeBSD.conf
112		metalog_add_data ./usr/local/etc/pkg/repos
113		metalog_add_data ./usr/local/etc/pkg/repos/FreeBSD.conf
114	else
115		cd ${WORLDDIR} && \
116			make DESTDIR=${DESTDIR} ${INSTALLOPTS} \
117			installworld installkernel distribution || \
118			err "\n\nCannot install the base system to ${DESTDIR}."
119	fi
120
121	# Bootstrap etcupdate(8) database.
122	mkdir -p ${DESTDIR}/var/db/etcupdate
123	etcupdate extract -B \
124		-M "TARGET=${TARGET} TARGET_ARCH=${TARGET_ARCH}" \
125		-s ${WORLDDIR} -d ${DESTDIR}/var/db/etcupdate \
126		-L /dev/stdout ${NO_ROOT:+-N}
127	if [ -n "${NO_ROOT}" ]; then
128		# Reroot etcupdate's internal METALOG to the whole tree
129		sed -n 's,^\.,./var/db/etcupdate/current,p' \
130		    ${DESTDIR}/var/db/etcupdate/current/METALOG | \
131		    env -i LC_COLLATE=C sort >> ${DESTDIR}/METALOG
132		rm ${DESTDIR}/var/db/etcupdate/current/METALOG
133	fi
134
135	echo '# Custom /etc/fstab for FreeBSD VM images' \
136		> ${DESTDIR}/etc/fstab
137	if [ "${VMFS}" != zfs ]; then
138		echo "/dev/${ROOTLABEL}/rootfs   /       ${VMFS}   rw,noatime      1       1" \
139			>> ${DESTDIR}/etc/fstab
140	fi
141	if [ -z "${NOSWAP}" ]; then
142		echo '/dev/gpt/swapfs  none    swap    sw      0       0' \
143			>> ${DESTDIR}/etc/fstab
144	fi
145	metalog_add_data ./etc/fstab
146
147	local hostname
148	hostname="$(echo $(uname -o) | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]')"
149	echo "hostname=\"${hostname}\"" >> ${DESTDIR}/etc/rc.conf
150	metalog_add_data ./etc/rc.conf
151	if [ "${VMFS}" = zfs ]; then
152		echo "zfs_enable=\"YES\"" >> ${DESTDIR}/etc/rc.conf
153		echo "zpool_reguid=\"zroot\"" >> ${DESTDIR}/etc/rc.conf
154		echo "zpool_upgrade=\"zroot\"" >> ${DESTDIR}/etc/rc.conf
155		echo "kern.geom.label.disk_ident.enable=0" >> ${DESTDIR}/boot/loader.conf
156		echo "zfs_load=YES" >> ${DESTDIR}/boot/loader.conf
157		metalog_add_data ./boot/loader.conf
158	fi
159
160	return 0
161}
162
163vm_emulation_setup() {
164	if [ -n "${WITHOUT_QEMU}" ]; then
165		return 0
166	fi
167	if [ -n "${QEMUSTATIC}" ]; then
168		export EMULATOR=/qemu
169		cp ${QEMUSTATIC} ${DESTDIR}/${EMULATOR}
170	fi
171
172	mkdir -p ${DESTDIR}/dev
173	mount -t devfs devfs ${DESTDIR}/dev
174	chroot ${DESTDIR} ${EMULATOR} /bin/sh /etc/rc.d/ldconfig forcestart
175	cp /etc/resolv.conf ${DESTDIR}/etc/resolv.conf
176
177	return 0
178}
179
180vm_extra_install_base() {
181	# Prototype.  When overridden, runs extra post-installworld commands
182	# as needed, based on the target virtual machine image or cloud
183	# provider image target.
184
185	return 0
186}
187
188vm_extra_enable_services() {
189	if [ -n "${VM_RC_LIST}" ]; then
190		for _rcvar in ${VM_RC_LIST}; do
191			echo ${_rcvar}_enable="YES" >> ${DESTDIR}/etc/rc.conf
192		done
193	fi
194
195	if [ -z "${VMCONFIG}" -o -c "${VMCONFIG}" ]; then
196		echo 'ifconfig_DEFAULT="DHCP inet6 accept_rtadv"' >> \
197			${DESTDIR}/etc/rc.conf
198		# Expand the filesystem to fill the disk.
199		echo 'growfs_enable="YES"' >> ${DESTDIR}/etc/rc.conf
200	fi
201
202	return 0
203}
204
205vm_extra_install_packages() {
206	if [ -z "${VM_EXTRA_PACKAGES}" ]; then
207		return 0
208	fi
209	if [ -n "${NO_ROOT}" ]; then
210		for pkg in ${VM_EXTRA_PACKAGES}; do
211			INSTALL_AS_USER=yes \
212			${PKG_CMD} \
213			    -o ABI=${PKG_ABI} \
214			    -o METALOG=${DESTDIR}/METALOG.pkg \
215			    -o REPOS_DIR=${PKG_REPOS_DIR} \
216			    -o PKG_DBDIR=${DESTDIR}/var/db/pkg \
217			    -r ${DESTDIR} \
218			    install -y -r ${PKG_REPO_NAME} $pkg
219		done
220		INSTALL_AS_USER=yes \
221		${PKG_CMD} \
222		    -o ABI=${PKG_ABI} \
223		    -o REPOS_DIR=${PKG_REPOS_DIR} \
224		    -o PKG_DBDIR=${DESTDIR}/var/db/pkg \
225		    -r ${DESTDIR} \
226		    autoremove -y
227		if [ -n "${NOPKGBASE}" ]; then
228			metalog_add_data ./var/db/pkg/local.sqlite
229		fi
230	else
231		if [ -n "${WITHOUT_QEMU}" ]; then
232			return 0
233		fi
234
235		chroot ${DESTDIR} ${EMULATOR} env ASSUME_ALWAYS_YES=yes \
236			/usr/sbin/pkg bootstrap -y
237		for p in ${VM_EXTRA_PACKAGES}; do
238			chroot ${DESTDIR} ${EMULATOR} env ASSUME_ALWAYS_YES=yes \
239				/usr/sbin/pkg install -y ${p}
240		done
241		chroot ${DESTDIR} ${EMULATOR} env ASSUME_ALWAYS_YES=yes \
242		    /usr/sbin/pkg autoremove -y
243	fi
244
245	return 0
246}
247
248vm_extra_install_ports() {
249	# Prototype.  When overridden, installs additional ports within the
250	# virtual machine environment.
251
252	return 0
253}
254
255vm_extra_pre_umount() {
256	# Prototype.  When overridden, performs additional tasks within the
257	# virtual machine environment prior to unmounting the filesystem.
258
259	return 0
260}
261
262vm_emulation_cleanup() {
263	if [ -n "${WITHOUT_QEMU}" ]; then
264		return 0
265	fi
266
267	if ! [ -z "${QEMUSTATIC}" ]; then
268		rm -f ${DESTDIR}/${EMULATOR}
269	fi
270	rm -f ${DESTDIR}/etc/resolv.conf
271	umount_loop ${DESTDIR}/dev
272	return 0
273}
274
275vm_extra_pkg_rmcache() {
276	if [ -n "${NO_ROOT}" ]; then
277		${PKG_CMD} \
278		    -o ASSUME_ALWAYS_YES=yes \
279		    -o INSTALL_AS_USER=yes \
280		    -r ${DESTDIR} \
281		    clean -y -a
282	else
283		if [ -e ${DESTDIR}/usr/local/sbin/pkg ]; then
284			chroot ${DESTDIR} ${EMULATOR} env ASSUME_ALWAYS_YES=yes \
285			    /usr/local/sbin/pkg clean -y -a
286		fi
287	fi
288
289	return 0
290}
291
292buildfs() {
293	local md tmppool
294
295	# Copy entries from METALOG.pkg into METALOG, but first check to
296	# make sure that filesystem objects still exist; some things may
297	# have been logged which no longer exist if a package was removed.
298	if [ -f ${DESTDIR}/METALOG.pkg ]; then
299		while read F REST; do
300			if [ -e ${DESTDIR}/${F} ]; then
301				echo "${F} ${REST}" >> ${DESTDIR}/METALOG
302			fi
303		done < ${DESTDIR}/METALOG.pkg
304	fi
305
306	if [ -n "${NO_ROOT}" ]; then
307		# Check for any directories in the staging tree which weren't
308		# recorded in METALOG, and record them now.  This is a quick hack
309		# to avoid creating unusable VM images and should go away once
310		# the bugs which produce such unlogged directories are gone.
311		grep type=dir ${DESTDIR}/METALOG |
312		    cut -f 1 -d ' ' |
313		    sort -u > ${DESTDIR}/METALOG.dirs
314		( cd ${DESTDIR} && find . -type d ) |
315		    sort |
316		    comm -23 - ${DESTDIR}/METALOG.dirs > ${DESTDIR}/METALOG.missingdirs
317		if [ -s ${DESTDIR}/METALOG.missingdirs ]; then
318			echo "WARNING: Directories exist but were not in METALOG"
319			cat ${DESTDIR}/METALOG.missingdirs
320		fi
321		while read DIR; do
322			metalog_add_data ${DIR}
323		done < ${DESTDIR}/METALOG.missingdirs
324
325		if [ -z "${NOPKGBASE}" ]; then
326			# Add some database files which are created by pkg triggers;
327			# at some point in the future the tools which create these
328			# files should probably learn how to record them in METALOG
329			# (which would simplify no-root installworld as well).
330			metalog_add_data ./etc/login.conf.db
331			metalog_add_data ./etc/passwd
332			metalog_add_data ./etc/pwd.db
333			metalog_add_data ./etc/spwd.db 600
334			metalog_add_data ./var/db/services.db
335		fi
336
337		if [ -n "${MISSING_METALOGS}" ]; then
338			# Hack to allow VM configurations to add files which
339			# weren't being added to METALOG appropriately.  This
340			# is mainly a workaround for the @sample bug and it
341			# should go away before FreeBSD 15.1 ships.
342			for P in ${MISSING_METALOGS}; do
343				metalog_add_data ${P}
344			done
345		fi
346
347		# Sort METALOG file; makefs produces directories with 000 permissions
348		# if their contents are seen before the directories themselves.
349		env -i LC_COLLATE=C sort -u ${DESTDIR}/METALOG > ${DESTDIR}/METALOG.sorted
350		mv ${DESTDIR}/METALOG.sorted ${DESTDIR}/METALOG
351	fi
352
353	case "${VMFS}" in
354	ufs)
355		cd ${DESTDIR} && ${MAKEFS} ${MAKEFSARGS} -o label=rootfs -o version=2 -o softupdates=1 \
356			${VMBASE} .${NO_ROOT:+/METALOG}
357		;;
358	zfs)
359		cd ${DESTDIR} && ${MAKEFS} -t zfs ${MAKEFSARGS} \
360			-o poolname=zroot -o bootfs=zroot/ROOT/default -o rootpath=/ \
361			-o fs=zroot\;mountpoint=none \
362			-o fs=zroot/ROOT\;mountpoint=none \
363			-o fs=zroot/ROOT/default\;mountpoint=/\;canmount=noauto \
364			-o fs=zroot/home\;mountpoint=/home \
365			-o fs=zroot/tmp\;mountpoint=/tmp\;exec=on\;setuid=off \
366			-o fs=zroot/usr\;mountpoint=/usr\;canmount=off \
367			-o fs=zroot/usr/ports\;setuid=off \
368			-o fs=zroot/usr/src \
369			-o fs=zroot/usr/obj \
370			-o fs=zroot/var\;mountpoint=/var\;canmount=off \
371			-o fs=zroot/var/audit\;setuid=off\;exec=off \
372			-o fs=zroot/var/crash\;setuid=off\;exec=off \
373			-o fs=zroot/var/log\;setuid=off\;exec=off \
374			-o fs=zroot/var/mail\;atime=on \
375			-o fs=zroot/var/tmp\;setuid=off \
376			${VMBASE} .${NO_ROOT:+/METALOG}
377		;;
378	*)
379		echo "Unexpected VMFS value '${VMFS}'"
380		exit 1
381		;;
382	esac
383}
384
385umount_loop() {
386	DIR=$1
387	i=0
388	sync
389	while ! umount ${DIR}; do
390		i=$(( $i + 1 ))
391		if [ $i -ge 10 ]; then
392			# This should never happen.  But, it has happened.
393			echo "Cannot umount(8) ${DIR}"
394			echo "Something has gone horribly wrong."
395			return 1
396		fi
397		sleep 1
398	done
399
400	return 0
401}
402
403vm_create_disk() {
404	local BOOTFILES BOOTPARTSOFFSET FSPARTTYPE X86GPTBOOTFILE
405
406	if [ -z "${NOSWAP}" ]; then
407		SWAPOPT="-p freebsd-swap/swapfs::${SWAPSIZE}"
408	fi
409
410	if [ -n "${VM_BOOTPARTSOFFSET}" ]; then
411		BOOTPARTSOFFSET=":${VM_BOOTPARTSOFFSET}"
412	fi
413
414	if [ -n "${CONFIG_DRIVE}" ]; then
415		CONFIG_DRIVE="-p freebsd/config-drive::${CONFIG_DRIVE_SIZE}"
416	fi
417
418	case "${VMFS}" in
419	ufs)
420		FSPARTTYPE=freebsd-ufs
421		X86GPTBOOTFILE=i386/gptboot/gptboot
422		;;
423	zfs)
424		FSPARTTYPE=freebsd-zfs
425		X86GPTBOOTFILE=i386/gptzfsboot/gptzfsboot
426		;;
427	*)
428		echo "Unexpected VMFS value '${VMFS}'"
429		return 1
430		;;
431	esac
432
433	echo "Creating image...  Please wait."
434	echo
435
436	BOOTFILES="$(env TARGET=${TARGET} TARGET_ARCH=${TARGET_ARCH} \
437		WITH_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes \
438		make -C ${WORLDDIR}/stand -V .OBJDIR)"
439	BOOTFILES="$(realpath ${BOOTFILES})"
440	MAKEFSARGS="-s ${VMSIZE} -D"
441
442	case "${TARGET}:${TARGET_ARCH}" in
443		amd64:amd64 | i386:i386)
444			ESP=yes
445			BOOTPARTS="-b ${BOOTFILES}/i386/pmbr/pmbr \
446				   -p freebsd-boot/bootfs:=${BOOTFILES}/${X86GPTBOOTFILE}${BOOTPARTSOFFSET}"
447			ROOTFSPART="-p ${FSPARTTYPE}/rootfs:=${VMBASE}"
448			MAKEFSARGS="$MAKEFSARGS -B little"
449			;;
450		arm:armv7 | arm64:aarch64 | riscv:riscv64*)
451			ESP=yes
452			BOOTPARTS=
453			ROOTFSPART="-p ${FSPARTTYPE}/rootfs:=${VMBASE}"
454			MAKEFSARGS="$MAKEFSARGS -B little"
455			;;
456		powerpc:powerpc*)
457			ESP=no
458			BOOTPARTS="-p prepboot:=${BOOTFILES}/powerpc/boot1.chrp/boot1.elf -a 1"
459			ROOTFSPART="-p freebsd:=${VMBASE}"
460			if [ ${TARGET_ARCH} = powerpc64le ]; then
461				MAKEFSARGS="$MAKEFSARGS -B little"
462			else
463				MAKEFSARGS="$MAKEFSARGS -B big"
464			fi
465			;;
466		*)
467			echo "vmimage.subr: unsupported target '${TARGET}:${TARGET_ARCH}'" >&2
468			exit 1
469			;;
470	esac
471
472	if [ ${ESP} = "yes" ]; then
473		# Create an ESP
474		espfilename=$(mktemp /tmp/efiboot.XXXXXX)
475		make_esp_file ${espfilename} ${fat32min} ${BOOTFILES}/efi/loader_lua/loader_lua.efi
476		espsuffix=""
477		if [ -z "${BOOTPARTS}" ]; then
478			espsuffix="${BOOTPARTSOFFSET}"
479		fi
480		BOOTPARTS="${BOOTPARTS} -p efi/efiboot0:=${espfilename}${espsuffix}"
481
482		# Add this to fstab
483		mkdir -p ${DESTDIR}/boot/efi
484		echo "/dev/${ROOTLABEL}/efiboot0	/boot/efi       msdosfs     rw      2       2" \
485			>> ${DESTDIR}/etc/fstab
486	fi
487
488	# Add a marker file which indicates that this image has never
489	# been booted.  Some services run only upon the first boot.
490	touch ${DESTDIR}/firstboot
491	metalog_add_data ./firstboot
492
493	echo "Building filesystem...  Please wait."
494	buildfs
495
496	echo "Building final disk image...  Please wait."
497	${MKIMG} -s ${PARTSCHEME} -f ${VMFORMAT} \
498		${BOOTPARTS} \
499		${SWAPOPT} \
500		${CONFIG_DRIVE} \
501		${ROOTFSPART} \
502		-o ${VMIMAGE}
503
504	echo "Disk image ${VMIMAGE} created."
505
506	if [ ${ESP} = "yes" ]; then
507		rm ${espfilename}
508	fi
509
510	return 0
511}
512
513vm_extra_create_disk() {
514
515	return 0
516}
517