xref: /freebsd/crypto/openssl/doc/man3/EVP_PKEY_decapsulate.pod (revision e7be843b4a162e68651d3911f0357ed464915629)
1=pod
2
3=head1 NAME
4
5EVP_PKEY_decapsulate_init, EVP_PKEY_auth_decapsulate_init, EVP_PKEY_decapsulate
6- Key decapsulation using a KEM algorithm with a private key
7
8=head1 SYNOPSIS
9
10 #include <openssl/evp.h>
11
12 int EVP_PKEY_decapsulate_init(EVP_PKEY_CTX *ctx, const OSSL_PARAM params[]);
13 int EVP_PKEY_auth_decapsulate_init(EVP_PKEY_CTX *ctx, EVP_PKEY *authpub,
14                                   const OSSL_PARAM params[]);
15 int EVP_PKEY_decapsulate(EVP_PKEY_CTX *ctx,
16                          unsigned char *unwrapped, size_t *unwrappedlen,
17                          const unsigned char *wrapped, size_t wrappedlen);
18
19=head1 DESCRIPTION
20
21The EVP_PKEY_decapsulate_init() function initializes a private key algorithm
22context I<ctx> for a decapsulation operation and then sets the I<params>
23on the context in the same way as calling L<EVP_PKEY_CTX_set_params(3)>.
24Note that I<ctx> usually is produced using L<EVP_PKEY_CTX_new_from_pkey(3)>,
25specifying the private key to use.
26
27The EVP_PKEY_auth_decapsulate_init() function is similar to
28EVP_PKEY_decapsulate_init() but also passes an I<authpub> authentication public
29key that is used during decapsulation.
30
31The EVP_PKEY_decapsulate() function performs a private key decapsulation
32operation using I<ctx>. The data to be decapsulated is specified using the
33I<wrapped> and I<wrappedlen> parameters (which must both non-NULL).
34
35The I<wrapped> parameter is an output argument, to which the decapsulated
36shared secret is written.
37The shared secret may not match the peer's value even when decapsulation
38returns success.
39Instead, the shared secret must be used to derive a key that is used to
40authenticate data subsequently received from the peer.
41If I<unwrapped> is NULL then the size of the output shared secret buffer is
42written to I<*unwrappedlen> and no decapsulation is performed, this makes it
43possible to determine the required buffer size at run time.  Otherwise, the
44decapsulated secret data is written to I<unwrapped> and the length of shared
45secret is written to I<*unwrappedlen>.
46
47Note that the value pointed to by I<unwrappedlen> (which must NOT be B<NULL>)
48must be initialised to the length of I<unwrapped>, so that the call can
49validate it is of sufficient size to hold the result of the operation.
50
51Absent detailed prior knowledge of the internals of the specific KEM
52algorithm, callers SHOULD NOT assume that the returned shared secret
53is necessarily of the maximum possible length.
54The length returned via I<*unwrappedlen> SHOULD be used to determine the actual
55length of the output.
56
57=head1 NOTES
58
59After the call to EVP_PKEY_decapsulate_init() algorithm-specific parameters
60for the operation may be set or modified using L<EVP_PKEY_CTX_set_params(3)>.
61
62=head1 RETURN VALUES
63
64EVP_PKEY_decapsulate_init(), EVP_PKEY_auth_decapsulate_init() and
65EVP_PKEY_decapsulate() return 1 for success and 0 or a negative value for
66failure. In particular a return value of -2 indicates the operation is not
67supported by the private key algorithm.
68
69=head1 EXAMPLES
70
71Decapsulate data using RSA:
72
73 #include <openssl/evp.h>
74
75 /*
76  * NB: assumes rsa_priv_key is an RSA private key,
77  * and that in, inlen are already set up to contain encapsulated data.
78  */
79
80 EVP_PKEY_CTX *ctx = NULL;
81 size_t secretlen = 0;
82 unsigned char *secret = NULL;;
83
84 ctx = EVP_PKEY_CTX_new_from_pkey(libctx, rsa_priv_key, NULL);
85 if (ctx == NULL)
86     /* Error */
87 if (EVP_PKEY_decapsulate_init(ctx, NULL) <= 0)
88     /* Error */
89
90 /* Set the mode - only 'RSASVE' is currently supported */
91 if (EVP_PKEY_CTX_set_kem_op(ctx, "RSASVE") <= 0)
92     /* Error */
93
94 /* Determine buffer length */
95 if (EVP_PKEY_decapsulate(ctx, NULL, &secretlen, in, inlen) <= 0)
96     /* Error */
97
98 secret = OPENSSL_malloc(secretlen);
99 if (secret == NULL)
100     /* malloc failure */
101
102 /* Decapsulated secret data is secretlen bytes long */
103 if (EVP_PKEY_decapsulate(ctx, secret, &secretlen, in, inlen) <= 0)
104     /* Error */
105
106
107=head1 SEE ALSO
108
109L<EVP_PKEY_CTX_new_from_pkey(3)>,
110L<EVP_PKEY_encapsulate(3)>,
111L<EVP_KEM-RSA(7)>,
112L<EVP_KEM-X25519(7)>,
113L<EVP_KEM-EC(7)>,
114L<EVP_KEM-ML-KEM-512(7)>,
115L<EVP_KEM-ML-KEM-768(7)>,
116L<EVP_KEM-ML-KEM-1024(7)>
117
118=head1 HISTORY
119
120The functions EVP_PKEY_decapsulate_init() and EVP_PKEY_decapsulate() were added
121in OpenSSL 3.0.
122
123The function EVP_PKEY_auth_decapsulate_init() was added in OpenSSL 3.2.
124
125Support for B<ML-KEM> was added in OpenSSL 3.5.
126
127=head1 COPYRIGHT
128
129Copyright 2020-2025 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
130
131Licensed under the Apache License 2.0 (the "License").  You may not use
132this file except in compliance with the License.  You can obtain a copy
133in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at
134L<https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html>.
135
136=cut
137