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/linux/drivers/gpu/drm/xe/
H A Dxe_gt_sriov_pf_control_types.h16 * @XE_GT_SRIOV_STATE_WIP: indicates that some operations are in progress.
17 * @XE_GT_SRIOV_STATE_FLR_WIP: indicates that a VF FLR is in progress.
18 * @XE_GT_SRIOV_STATE_FLR_SEND_START: indicates that the PF wants to send a FLR START command.
19 * @XE_GT_SRIOV_STATE_FLR_WAIT_GUC: indicates that the PF awaits for a response from the GuC.
20 * @XE_GT_SRIOV_STATE_FLR_GUC_DONE: indicates that the PF has received a response from the GuC.
21 * @XE_GT_SRIOV_STATE_FLR_RESET_CONFIG: indicates that the PF needs to clear VF's resources.
22 * @XE_GT_SRIOV_STATE_FLR_RESET_DATA: indicates that the PF needs to clear VF's data.
23 * @XE_GT_SRIOV_STATE_FLR_RESET_MMIO: indicates that the PF needs to reset VF's registers.
24 * @XE_GT_SRIOV_STATE_FLR_SEND_FINISH: indicates that the PF wants to send a FLR FINISH message.
25 * @XE_GT_SRIOV_STATE_FLR_FAILED: indicates that VF FLR sequence failed.
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/linux/Documentation/process/
H A Dmanagement-style.rst14 to do with reality. It started as a lark, but that doesn't mean that it
27 making it painfully obvious to the questioner that we don't have a clue
37 Everybody thinks managers make decisions, and that decision-making is
39 manager must be to make it. That's very deep and obvious, but it's not
47 competent to make that decision for them.
51 Namely that you are in the wrong job, and that **they** should be managing
60 It helps to realize that the key difference between a big decision and a
62 can be made small by just always making sure that if you were wrong (and
67 And people will even see that as true leadership (*cough* bullshit
71 things that can't be undone. Don't get ushered into a corner from which
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H A D6.Followthrough.rst8 patches. One of the biggest mistakes that even experienced kernel
9 developers can make is to conclude that their work is now done. In truth,
13 It is a rare patch which is so good at its first posting that there is no
16 code. You, as the author of that code, will be expected to work with the
17 kernel community to ensure that your code is up to the kernel's quality
32 value and why you went to the trouble of writing it. But that value
36 to substantial rewrites - come from the understanding that Linux will
49 be working on the kernel years from now, but they understand that their
57 the same. Sometimes this means that the clever hack in your driver
61 What all of this comes down to is that, when reviewers send you comments,
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H A Dhandling-regressions.rst10 user's point of view; if you never read that text, go and at least skim over it
20 * When receiving a mailed report that did not CC the list, bring it into the
47 only fixing part of the issue that caused the regression, you may use
71 * When you receive a report by mail that did not CC the list, immediately bring
73 try to ensure it gets CCed again in case you reply to a reply that omitted
96 you want to see tracked; that's important, as regzbot will later look out
107 Regzbot will then automatically associate patches with the report that
133 these tags are of great value for everyone (you included) that might be looking
146 * Run a kernel with a regression that impacts usage.
156 How to realize that in practice depends on various factors. Use the following
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/linux/tools/perf/pmu-events/arch/arm64/fujitsu/a64fx/
H A Dother.json9 …"PublicDescription": "This event counts every cycle that no operation was committed because the ol…
12 …"BriefDescription": "This event counts every cycle that no operation was committed because the old…
15 …"PublicDescription": "This event counts every cycle that no instruction was committed because the …
18 …"BriefDescription": "This event counts every cycle that no instruction was committed because the o…
21 …"PublicDescription": "This event counts every cycle that no instruction was committed because the …
24 …"BriefDescription": "This event counts every cycle that no instruction was committed because the o…
27 …"PublicDescription": "This event counts every cycle that no instruction was committed because the …
30 …"BriefDescription": "This event counts every cycle that no instruction was committed because the o…
33 …"PublicDescription": "This event counts every cycle that no instruction was committed because the …
36 …"BriefDescription": "This event counts every cycle that no instruction was committed because the o…
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/linux/tools/perf/pmu-events/arch/x86/goldmont/
H A Dcache.json7 …on which likely indicates back pressure from L2Q. It also counts requests that would have gone dir…
24 …"PublicDescription": "Counts cycles that fetch is stalled due to an outstanding ICache miss. That
33 …"PublicDescription": "Counts the number of demand and prefetch transactions that the L2 XQ rejects…
41 …"PublicDescription": "Counts memory requests originating from the core that miss in the L2 cache.",
50 …"PublicDescription": "Counts memory requests originating from the core that reference a cache line…
55 "BriefDescription": "Loads retired that came from DRAM (Precise event capable)",
72that when the load address was checked by other caching agents (typically another processor) in th…
77 "BriefDescription": "Load uops retired that hit L1 data cache (Precise event capable)",
83 "PublicDescription": "Counts load uops retired that hit the L1 data cache.",
88 "BriefDescription": "Load uops retired that missed L1 data cache (Precise event capable)",
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/linux/tools/memory-model/Documentation/
H A Dglossary.txt9 dependency" extends from that load extending to the later access.
20 address dependency extends from that rcu_dereference() to that
27 Acquire: With respect to a lock, acquiring that lock, for example,
29 a special operation that includes a load and which orders that
30 load before later memory references running on that same CPU.
36 to that same variable, (in other words, the acquire load "reads
37 from" the release store), then all operations preceding that
38 store "happen before" any operations following that loa
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/linux/LICENSES/preferred/
H A DLGPL-2.145 price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have
47 service if you wish); that you receive source code or can get it if you
48 want it; that you can change the software and use pieces of it in new free
49 programs; and that you are informed that you can do these things.
51 To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
57 a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that we gave you. You
58 must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source code. If you
60 the recipients, so that they can relink them with the library after making
68 To protect each distributor, we want to make it very clear that there is no
70 else and passed on, the recipients should know that what they have is not
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H A DLGPL-2.039 General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the freedom
41 wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you want it, that you
42 can change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs; and that
45 To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone to
51 a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that we gave you. You
52 must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source code. If you
54 the recipients so that they can relink them with the library, after making
62 Also, for each distributor's protection, we want to make certain that
63 everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free library. If
65 recipients to know that what they have is not the original version, so that
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/linux/tools/perf/pmu-events/arch/x86/knightslanding/
H A Dmemory.json11 …"BriefDescription": "Counts Demand code reads and prefetch code read requests that accounts for r…
21 …"BriefDescription": "Counts Demand code reads and prefetch code read requests that accounts for d…
31 …"BriefDescription": "Counts Demand code reads and prefetch code read requests that accounts for d…
41 …"BriefDescription": "Counts Demand code reads and prefetch code read requests that accounts for r…
51 …"BriefDescription": "Counts Demand code reads and prefetch code read requests that accounts for d…
61 …"BriefDescription": "Counts Demand code reads and prefetch code read requests that accounts for d…
71 …"BriefDescription": "Counts Demand cacheable data and L1 prefetch data read requests that account…
81 …"BriefDescription": "Counts Demand cacheable data and L1 prefetch data read requests that account…
91 …"BriefDescription": "Counts Demand cacheable data and L1 prefetch data read requests that account…
101 …"BriefDescription": "Counts Demand cacheable data and L1 prefetch data read requests that account…
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H A Dcache.json3 …"BriefDescription": "Counts the number of MEC requests that were not accepted into the L2Q because…
42that reference a cache line (cacheable requests) excluding SW prefetches filling only to L2 cache …
67 …"BriefDescription": "Counts the loads retired that get the data from the other core in the same ti…
73 …"PublicDescription": "This event counts the number of load micro-ops retired that got data from an…
78 "BriefDescription": "Counts the number of load micro-ops retired that miss in L1 D cache",
82 …: "This event counts the number of load micro-ops retired that miss in L1 Data cache. Note that pr…
87 …"BriefDescription": "Counts the number of load micro-ops retired that hit in the L2 (Precise Event…
93 …"PublicDescription": "This event counts the number of load micro-uops retired that hit in the L2 (…
98 …"BriefDescription": "Counts the number of load micro-ops retired that miss in the L2 (Precise Even…
104 …"PublicDescription": "This event counts the number of load micro-ops retired that miss in the L2 (…
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/linux/tools/perf/pmu-events/arch/arm64/ampere/ampereonex/
H A Dcore-imp-def.json15 "PublicDescription": "Predictable branch speculatively executed that hit any level of BTB",
18 "BriefDescription": "Predictable branch speculatively executed that hit any level of BTB"
21 …"PublicDescription": "Predictable conditional branch speculatively executed that hit any level of …
24 …"BriefDescription": "Predictable conditional branch speculatively executed that hit any level of B…
27 …scription": "Predictable taken branch speculatively executed that hit any level of BTB that access…
30 …scription": "Predictable taken branch speculatively executed that hit any level of BTB that access…
33 …scription": "Predictable taken branch speculatively executed that hit any level of BTB that access…
36 …scription": "Predictable taken branch speculatively executed that hit any level of BTB that access…
39 …"PublicDescription": "Predictable unconditional branch speculatively executed that did not hit any…
42 …"BriefDescription": "Predictable unconditional branch speculatively executed that did not hit any …
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/linux/Documentation/admin-guide/
H A Dreporting-issues.rst15 you don't find any, install `the latest release from that series
31 If it shows the problem, search for the change that fixed it in mainline and
47 Once the report is out, answer any questions that come up and help where you
48 can. That includes keeping the ball rolling by occasionally retesting with newer
55 developers. It might be all that's needed for people already familiar with
63 a slightly different order. That's in your interest, to make sure you notice
64 early if an issue that looks like a Linux kernel problem is actually caused by
80 issue, or a really severe problem: those are 'issues of high priority' that
81 need special handling in some steps that are about to follow.
83 * Make sure it's not the kernel's surroundings that are causing the issue
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/linux/include/kunit/
H A Dtest.h98 * that makes expectations and assertions (see KUNIT_EXPECT_TRUE() and
196 * is used to lazily generate a series of arbitrarily typed values that fit into
232 * A kunit_suite is a collection of related &struct kunit_case s, such that
237 * Note that @exit and @suite_exit will run even if @init or @suite_init
298 * Because resources is a list that may be updated multiple times (with
395 * This functions similar to kunit_test_suites() except that it compiles the
399 * _probe; so that modpost suppresses warnings about referencing init data
431 * Note that some internal context data is also allocated with GFP_KERNEL,
444 * Note that some internal context data is also allocated with GFP_KERNEL,
653 * The opposite of KUNIT_FAIL(), it is an expectation that cannot fail. In other
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/linux/Documentation/filesystems/
H A Ddirectory-locking.rst12 that "inode pointer" order in the following.
37 * check that the source is not a directory
40 5. rename that is _not_ cross-directory. Locking rules:
47 * take the locks that need to be taken (exclusive), in inode pointer order
48 if need to take both (that can happen only when both source and target
51 allowed only with RENAME_EXCHANGE, and that won't be removing the target).
60 * verify that the source is not a descendent of the target and
65 The rules above obviously guarantee that all directories that are going
78 that's not a problem, but there is a nasty twist - what should we do
79 when one growing tree reaches the root of another? That can happen in
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/linux/Documentation/maintainer/
H A Drebasing-and-merging.rst12 those tools incorrectly, but avoiding problems is not actually all that
15 One thing to be aware of in general is that, unlike many other projects,
26 within a repository. There are two different types of operations that are
43 history; used improperly, it can obscure that history and introduce bugs.
45 There are a few rules of thumb that can help developers to avoid the worst
48 - History that has been exposed to the world beyond your private system
51 work is in need of rebasing, that is usually a sign that it is not yet
54 That said, there are always exceptions. Some trees (linux-next being
58 testing services. If you do expose a branch that may be unstable in
59 this way, be sure that prospective users know not to base work on it.
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/linux/tools/perf/pmu-events/arch/x86/silvermont/
H A Dcache.json3 …"BriefDescription": "Counts the number of request that were not accepted into the L2Q because the …
7that would have gone directly to the XQ, but are rejected due to a full or nearly full condition, …
15that fetch is stalled due to an outstanding ICache miss. That is, the decoder queue is able to acc…
20 … "BriefDescription": "Counts the number of request from the L2 that were not accepted into the XQ",
24 …"PublicDescription": "This event counts the number of demand and prefetch transactions that the L2…
41 …"PublicDescription": "This event counts requests originating from the core that references a cache…
69 …"PublicDescription": "This event counts the number of load ops retired that got data from the othe…
78 …ption": "This event counts the number of load ops retired that miss in L1 Data cache. Note that pr…
88 "PublicDescription": "This event counts the number of load ops retired that hit in the L2.",
98 … "PublicDescription": "This event counts the number of load ops retired that miss in the L2.",
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/linux/Documentation/RCU/
H A Dchecklist.rst9 that make use of RCU. Violating any of the rules listed below will
10 result in the same sorts of problems that leaving out a locking primitive
17 performance measurements show that RCU is nonetheless the right
36 of lockless algorithms that garbage collectors do.
54 relating to itself that other tasks can read, there by definition
55 can be no bottleneck). Note that the definition of "large" has
74 Please note that you *cannot* rely on code known to be built
87 any locks or atomic operations. This means that readers will
94 RCU-protected data structures that have been added to
100 locks (that are acquired by both readers and writers)
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/linux/Documentation/locking/
H A Drt-mutex-design.rst11 It doesn't describe the reasons why rtmutex.c exists. For that please see
13 that happen without this code, but that is in the concept to understand
17 inheritance (PI) algorithm that is used, as well as reasons for the
18 decisions that were made to implement PI in the manner that was done.
27 to use a resource that a lower priority process has (a mutex for example),
30 is something called unbounded priority inversion. That is when the high
37 that C owns and must wait and lets C run to release the lock. But in the
71 inherited priority, and A then can continue with the resource that C had.
76 Here I explain some terminology that is used in this document to help describe
77 the design that is used to implement PI.
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/linux/Documentation/power/
H A Dfreezing-of-tasks.rst18 (TASK_FROZEN, TASK_FREEZABLE and __TASK_FREEZABLE_UNSAFE) used for that.
19 The tasks that have PF_NOFREEZE unset (all user space tasks and some kernel
30 try_to_freeze_tasks() that sends a fake signal to all user space processes, and
31 wakes up all the kernel threads. All freezable tasks must react to that by
34 it loop until it is woken by an explicit TASK_FROZEN wakeup. Then, that task
41 try_to_freeze() function (defined in include/linux/freezer.h), that checks
48 that put the task to sleep (TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE) or freeze it (TASK_FROZEN) if
79 order to wake up each frozen task. Then, the tasks that have been frozen leave
112 IV. Why do we do that?
122 filesystem-related information that must be consistent with the state of the
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/linux/tools/perf/pmu-events/arch/x86/haswell/
H A Dvirtual-memory.json3 "BriefDescription": "Load misses in all DTLB levels that cause page walks",
7 "PublicDescription": "Misses in all TLB levels that cause a page walk of any page size.",
21 …"BriefDescription": "Load operations that miss the first DTLB level but hit the second and do not …
30 "BriefDescription": "Load misses that miss the DTLB and hit the STLB (2M)",
34 …"PublicDescription": "This event counts load operations from a 2M page that miss the first DTLB le…
39 "BriefDescription": "Load misses that miss the DTLB and hit the STLB (4K)",
43 …"PublicDescription": "This event counts load operations from a 4K page that miss the first DTLB le…
48 … Miss in all translation lookaside buffer (TLB) levels causes a page walk that completes of any pa…
57 "BriefDescription": "Load miss in all TLB levels causes a page walk that completes. (1G)",
65 … Miss in all translation lookaside buffer (TLB) levels causes a page walk that completes (2M/4M).",
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/linux/tools/perf/pmu-events/arch/x86/haswellx/
H A Dvirtual-memory.json3 "BriefDescription": "Load misses in all DTLB levels that cause page walks",
7 "PublicDescription": "Misses in all TLB levels that cause a page walk of any page size.",
21 …"BriefDescription": "Load operations that miss the first DTLB level but hit the second and do not …
30 "BriefDescription": "Load misses that miss the DTLB and hit the STLB (2M)",
34 …"PublicDescription": "This event counts load operations from a 2M page that miss the first DTLB le…
39 "BriefDescription": "Load misses that miss the DTLB and hit the STLB (4K)",
43 …"PublicDescription": "This event counts load operations from a 4K page that miss the first DTLB le…
48 … Miss in all translation lookaside buffer (TLB) levels causes a page walk that completes of any pa…
57 "BriefDescription": "Load miss in all TLB levels causes a page walk that completes. (1G)",
65 … Miss in all translation lookaside buffer (TLB) levels causes a page walk that completes (2M/4M).",
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/linux/Documentation/userspace-api/media/v4l/
H A Dcolorspaces.rst10 biology. Just because you have three numbers that describe the 'red',
11 'green' and 'blue' components of the color of a pixel does not mean that
12 you can accurately display that color. A colorspace defines what it
13 actually *means* to have an RGB value of e.g. (255, 0, 0). That is,
17 In order to do that we first need to have a good definition of color,
18 i.e. some way to uniquely and unambiguously define a color so that
20 the human eye has color receptors that are sensitive to three different
34 possible that different SPDs will result in the same stimulation of
39 between SPDs and the perceived color and that resulted in the CIE 1931
40 standard that defines spectral weighting functions that model the
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/linux/tools/perf/pmu-events/arch/arm64/ampere/ampereone/
H A Dcore-imp-def.json15 "PublicDescription": "Predictable branch speculatively executed that hit any level of BTB",
18 "BriefDescription": "Predictable branch speculatively executed that hit any level of BTB"
21 …"PublicDescription": "Predictable conditional branch speculatively executed that hit any level of …
24 …"BriefDescription": "Predictable conditional branch speculatively executed that hit any level of B…
27 …scription": "Predictable taken branch speculatively executed that hit any level of BTB that access…
30 …scription": "Predictable taken branch speculatively executed that hit any level of BTB that access…
33 …scription": "Predictable taken branch speculatively executed that hit any level of BTB that access…
36 …scription": "Predictable taken branch speculatively executed that hit any level of BTB that access…
39 …"PublicDescription": "Predictable unconditional branch speculatively executed that did not hit any…
42 …"BriefDescription": "Predictable unconditional branch speculatively executed that did not hit any …
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/linux/Documentation/driver-api/pm/
H A Dcpuidle.rst16 Every time one of the logical CPUs in the system (the entities that appear to
18 cores) is idle after an interrupt or equivalent wakeup event, which means that
20 with it, there is an opportunity to save energy for the processor that it
21 belongs to. That can be done by making the idle logical CPU stop fetching
25 However, there may be multiple different idle states that can be used in such a
27 (from the kernel perspective) and ask the processor to use (or "enter") that
28 particular idle state. That is the role of the CPU idle time management
32 principle, so the generic code that in principle need not depend on the hardware
33 or platform design details in it is separate from the code that interacts with
36 to enter, *drivers* that pass the governors' decisions on to the hardware and
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