xref: /freebsd/sys/arm64/vmm/vmm_mmu.c (revision e2990a9ee479b7d31bceb75310c0f290cdfb8504)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (C) 2017 Alexandru Elisei <alexandru.elisei@gmail.com>
5  *
6  * This software was developed by Alexandru Elisei under sponsorship
7  * from the FreeBSD Foundation.
8  *
9  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
10  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11  * are met:
12  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
16  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
17  *
18  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
19  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
20  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
21  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
22  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
23  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
24  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
25  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
26  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
27  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
28  * SUCH DAMAGE.
29  */
30 
31 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
32 
33 #include <sys/types.h>
34 #include <sys/malloc.h>
35 #include <sys/lock.h>
36 #include <sys/mutex.h>
37 #include <vm/vm.h>
38 #include <vm/pmap.h>
39 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
40 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
41 #include <vm/vm_phys.h>
42 
43 #include <machine/atomic.h>
44 #include <machine/machdep.h>
45 #include <machine/vm.h>
46 #include <machine/vmm.h>
47 #include <machine/vmparam.h>
48 
49 #include "mmu.h"
50 #include "arm64.h"
51 
52 static struct mtx vmmpmap_mtx;
53 static pt_entry_t *l0;
54 static vm_paddr_t l0_paddr;
55 
56 bool
vmmpmap_init(void)57 vmmpmap_init(void)
58 {
59 	vm_page_t m;
60 
61 	m = vm_page_alloc_noobj(VM_ALLOC_WIRED | VM_ALLOC_ZERO);
62 	if (m == NULL)
63 		return (false);
64 
65 	l0_paddr = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m);
66 	l0 = (pd_entry_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(l0_paddr);
67 
68 	mtx_init(&vmmpmap_mtx, "vmm pmap", NULL, MTX_DEF);
69 
70 	return (true);
71 }
72 
73 static void
vmmpmap_release_l3(pd_entry_t l2e)74 vmmpmap_release_l3(pd_entry_t l2e)
75 {
76 	pt_entry_t *l3 __diagused;
77 	vm_page_t m;
78 	int i;
79 
80 	l3 = (pd_entry_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(l2e & ~ATTR_MASK);
81 	for (i = 0; i < Ln_ENTRIES; i++) {
82 		KASSERT(l3[i] == 0, ("%s: l3 still mapped: %p %lx", __func__,
83 		    &l3[i], l3[i]));
84 	}
85 
86 	m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(l2e & ~ATTR_MASK);
87 	vm_page_unwire_noq(m);
88 	vm_page_free(m);
89 }
90 
91 static void
vmmpmap_release_l2(pd_entry_t l1e)92 vmmpmap_release_l2(pd_entry_t l1e)
93 {
94 	pt_entry_t *l2;
95 	vm_page_t m;
96 	int i;
97 
98 	l2 = (pd_entry_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(l1e & ~ATTR_MASK);
99 	for (i = 0; i < Ln_ENTRIES; i++) {
100 		if (l2[i] != 0) {
101 			vmmpmap_release_l3(l2[i]);
102 		}
103 	}
104 
105 	m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(l1e & ~ATTR_MASK);
106 	vm_page_unwire_noq(m);
107 	vm_page_free(m);
108 }
109 
110 static void
vmmpmap_release_l1(pd_entry_t l0e)111 vmmpmap_release_l1(pd_entry_t l0e)
112 {
113 	pt_entry_t *l1;
114 	vm_page_t m;
115 	int i;
116 
117 	l1 = (pd_entry_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(l0e & ~ATTR_MASK);
118 	for (i = 0; i < Ln_ENTRIES; i++) {
119 		if (l1[i] != 0) {
120 			vmmpmap_release_l2(l1[i]);
121 		}
122 	}
123 
124 	m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(l0e & ~ATTR_MASK);
125 	vm_page_unwire_noq(m);
126 	vm_page_free(m);
127 }
128 
129 void
vmmpmap_fini(void)130 vmmpmap_fini(void)
131 {
132 	vm_page_t m;
133 	int i;
134 
135 	/* Remove the remaining entries */
136 	for (i = 0; i < L0_ENTRIES; i++) {
137 		if (l0[i] != 0) {
138 			vmmpmap_release_l1(l0[i]);
139 		}
140 	}
141 
142 	m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(l0_paddr);
143 	vm_page_unwire_noq(m);
144 	vm_page_free(m);
145 
146 	mtx_destroy(&vmmpmap_mtx);
147 }
148 
149 uint64_t
vmmpmap_to_ttbr0(void)150 vmmpmap_to_ttbr0(void)
151 {
152 
153 	return (l0_paddr);
154 }
155 
156 /* Returns a pointer to the level 1 table, allocating if needed. */
157 static pt_entry_t *
vmmpmap_l1_table(vm_offset_t va)158 vmmpmap_l1_table(vm_offset_t va)
159 {
160 	pt_entry_t new_l0e, l0e, *l1;
161 	vm_page_t m;
162 	int rv;
163 
164 	m = NULL;
165 again:
166 	l0e = atomic_load_64(&l0[pmap_l0_index(va)]);
167 	if ((l0e & ATTR_DESCR_VALID) == 0) {
168 		/* Allocate a page for the level 1 table */
169 		if (m == NULL) {
170 			m = vm_page_alloc_noobj(VM_ALLOC_WIRED | VM_ALLOC_ZERO);
171 			if (m == NULL)
172 				return (NULL);
173 		}
174 
175 		new_l0e = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) | L0_TABLE;
176 
177 		mtx_lock(&vmmpmap_mtx);
178 		rv = atomic_cmpset_64(&l0[pmap_l0_index(va)], l0e, new_l0e);
179 		mtx_unlock(&vmmpmap_mtx);
180 		/* We may have raced another thread, try again */
181 		if (rv == 0)
182 			goto again;
183 
184 		/* The cmpset succeeded */
185 		l0e = new_l0e;
186 	} else if (m != NULL) {
187 		/* We allocated a page that wasn't used */
188 		vm_page_unwire_noq(m);
189 		vm_page_free_zero(m);
190 	}
191 
192 	l1 = (pd_entry_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(l0e & ~ATTR_MASK);
193 	return (l1);
194 }
195 
196 static pt_entry_t *
vmmpmap_l2_table(vm_offset_t va)197 vmmpmap_l2_table(vm_offset_t va)
198 {
199 	pt_entry_t new_l1e, l1e, *l1, *l2;
200 	vm_page_t m;
201 	int rv;
202 
203 	l1 = vmmpmap_l1_table(va);
204 	if (l1 == NULL)
205 		return (NULL);
206 
207 	m = NULL;
208 again:
209 	l1e = atomic_load_64(&l1[pmap_l1_index(va)]);
210 	if ((l1e & ATTR_DESCR_VALID) == 0) {
211 		/* Allocate a page for the level 2 table */
212 		if (m == NULL) {
213 			m = vm_page_alloc_noobj(VM_ALLOC_WIRED | VM_ALLOC_ZERO);
214 			if (m == NULL)
215 				return (NULL);
216 		}
217 
218 		new_l1e = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) | L1_TABLE;
219 
220 		mtx_lock(&vmmpmap_mtx);
221 		rv = atomic_cmpset_64(&l1[pmap_l1_index(va)], l1e, new_l1e);
222 		mtx_unlock(&vmmpmap_mtx);
223 		/* We may have raced another thread, try again */
224 		if (rv == 0)
225 			goto again;
226 
227 		/* The cmpset succeeded */
228 		l1e = new_l1e;
229 	} else if (m != NULL) {
230 		/* We allocated a page that wasn't used */
231 		vm_page_unwire_noq(m);
232 		vm_page_free_zero(m);
233 	}
234 
235 	l2 = (pd_entry_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(l1e & ~ATTR_MASK);
236 	return (l2);
237 }
238 
239 static pd_entry_t *
vmmpmap_l3_table(vm_offset_t va)240 vmmpmap_l3_table(vm_offset_t va)
241 {
242 	pt_entry_t new_l2e, l2e, *l2, *l3;
243 	vm_page_t m;
244 	int rv;
245 
246 	l2 = vmmpmap_l2_table(va);
247 	if (l2 == NULL)
248 		return (NULL);
249 
250 	m = NULL;
251 again:
252 	l2e = atomic_load_64(&l2[pmap_l2_index(va)]);
253 	if ((l2e & ATTR_DESCR_VALID) == 0) {
254 		/* Allocate a page for the level 3 table */
255 		if (m == NULL) {
256 			m = vm_page_alloc_noobj(VM_ALLOC_WIRED | VM_ALLOC_ZERO);
257 			if (m == NULL)
258 				return (NULL);
259 		}
260 
261 		new_l2e = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) | L2_TABLE;
262 
263 		mtx_lock(&vmmpmap_mtx);
264 		rv = atomic_cmpset_64(&l2[pmap_l2_index(va)], l2e, new_l2e);
265 		mtx_unlock(&vmmpmap_mtx);
266 		/* We may have raced another thread, try again */
267 		if (rv == 0)
268 			goto again;
269 
270 		/* The cmpset succeeded */
271 		l2e = new_l2e;
272 	} else if (m != NULL) {
273 		/* We allocated a page that wasn't used */
274 		vm_page_unwire_noq(m);
275 		vm_page_free_zero(m);
276 	}
277 
278 	l3 = (pt_entry_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(l2e & ~ATTR_MASK);
279 	return (l3);
280 }
281 
282 /*
283  * Creates an EL2 entry in the hyp_pmap. Similar to pmap_kenter.
284  */
285 bool
vmmpmap_enter(vm_offset_t va,vm_size_t size,vm_paddr_t pa,vm_prot_t prot)286 vmmpmap_enter(vm_offset_t va, vm_size_t size, vm_paddr_t pa, vm_prot_t prot)
287 {
288 	pd_entry_t l3e, *l3;
289 
290 	KASSERT((pa & L3_OFFSET) == 0,
291 	   ("%s: Invalid physical address", __func__));
292 	KASSERT((va & L3_OFFSET) == 0,
293 	   ("%s: Invalid virtual address", __func__));
294 	KASSERT((size & PAGE_MASK) == 0,
295 	    ("%s: Mapping is not page-sized", __func__));
296 
297 	l3e = ATTR_AF | ATTR_SH(ATTR_SH_IS) | L3_PAGE;
298 	/* This bit is res1 at EL2 */
299 	l3e |= ATTR_S1_AP(ATTR_S1_AP_USER);
300 	/* Only normal memory is used at EL2 */
301 	l3e |= ATTR_S1_IDX(VM_MEMATTR_DEFAULT);
302 
303 	if ((prot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE) == 0) {
304 		/* PXN is res0 at EL2. UXN is XN */
305 		l3e |= ATTR_S1_UXN;
306 	}
307 	if ((prot & VM_PROT_WRITE) == 0) {
308 		l3e |= ATTR_S1_AP(ATTR_S1_AP_RO);
309 	}
310 
311 	while (size > 0) {
312 		l3 = vmmpmap_l3_table(va);
313 		if (l3 == NULL)
314 			return (false);
315 
316 #ifdef INVARIANTS
317 		/*
318 		 * Ensure no other threads can write to l3 between the KASSERT
319 		 * and store.
320 		 */
321 		mtx_lock(&vmmpmap_mtx);
322 #endif
323 		KASSERT(atomic_load_64(&l3[pmap_l3_index(va)]) == 0,
324 		    ("%s: VA already mapped", __func__));
325 
326 		atomic_store_64(&l3[pmap_l3_index(va)], l3e | pa);
327 #ifdef INVARIANTS
328 		mtx_unlock(&vmmpmap_mtx);
329 #endif
330 
331 		size -= PAGE_SIZE;
332 		pa += PAGE_SIZE;
333 		va += PAGE_SIZE;
334 	}
335 
336 	return (true);
337 }
338 
339 void
vmmpmap_remove(vm_offset_t va,vm_size_t size,bool invalidate)340 vmmpmap_remove(vm_offset_t va, vm_size_t size, bool invalidate)
341 {
342 	pt_entry_t l0e, *l1, l1e, *l2, l2e;
343 	pd_entry_t *l3, l3e, **l3_list;
344 	vm_offset_t eva, va_next, sva;
345 	size_t i;
346 
347 	KASSERT((va & L3_OFFSET) == 0,
348 	   ("%s: Invalid virtual address", __func__));
349 	KASSERT((size & PAGE_MASK) == 0,
350 	    ("%s: Mapping is not page-sized", __func__));
351 
352 	if (invalidate) {
353 		l3_list = malloc((size / PAGE_SIZE) * sizeof(l3_list[0]),
354 		    M_TEMP, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
355 	}
356 
357 	sva = va;
358 	eva = va + size;
359 	mtx_lock(&vmmpmap_mtx);
360 	for (i = 0; va < eva; va = va_next) {
361 		l0e = atomic_load_64(&l0[pmap_l0_index(va)]);
362 		if (l0e == 0) {
363 			va_next = (va + L0_SIZE) & ~L0_OFFSET;
364 			if (va_next < va)
365 				va_next = eva;
366 			continue;
367 		}
368 		MPASS((l0e & ATTR_DESCR_MASK) == L0_TABLE);
369 
370 		l1 = (pd_entry_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(l0e & ~ATTR_MASK);
371 		l1e = atomic_load_64(&l1[pmap_l1_index(va)]);
372 		if (l1e == 0) {
373 			va_next = (va + L1_SIZE) & ~L1_OFFSET;
374 			if (va_next < va)
375 				va_next = eva;
376 			continue;
377 		}
378 		MPASS((l1e & ATTR_DESCR_MASK) == L1_TABLE);
379 
380 		l2 = (pd_entry_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(l1e & ~ATTR_MASK);
381 		l2e = atomic_load_64(&l2[pmap_l2_index(va)]);
382 		if (l2e == 0) {
383 			va_next = (va + L2_SIZE) & ~L2_OFFSET;
384 			if (va_next < va)
385 				va_next = eva;
386 			continue;
387 		}
388 		MPASS((l2e & ATTR_DESCR_MASK) == L2_TABLE);
389 
390 		l3 = (pd_entry_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(l2e & ~ATTR_MASK);
391 		if (invalidate) {
392 			l3e = atomic_load_64(&l3[pmap_l3_index(va)]);
393 			MPASS(l3e != 0);
394 			/*
395 			 * Mark memory as read-only so we can invalidate
396 			 * the cache.
397 			 */
398 			l3e &= ~ATTR_S1_AP_MASK;
399 			l3e |= ATTR_S1_AP(ATTR_S1_AP_RO);
400 			atomic_store_64(&l3[pmap_l3_index(va)], l3e);
401 
402 			l3_list[i] = &l3[pmap_l3_index(va)];
403 			i++;
404 		} else {
405 			/*
406 			 * The caller is responsible for clearing the cache &
407 			 * handling the TLB
408 			 */
409 			atomic_store_64(&l3[pmap_l3_index(va)], 0);
410 		}
411 
412 		va_next = (va + L3_SIZE) & ~L3_OFFSET;
413 		if (va_next < va)
414 			va_next = eva;
415 	}
416 	mtx_unlock(&vmmpmap_mtx);
417 
418 	if (invalidate) {
419 		/* Invalidate the memory from the D-cache */
420 		vmm_call_hyp(HYP_DC_CIVAC, sva, size);
421 
422 		for (i = 0; i < (size / PAGE_SIZE); i++) {
423 			atomic_store_64(l3_list[i], 0);
424 		}
425 
426 		vmm_call_hyp(HYP_EL2_TLBI, HYP_EL2_TLBI_VA, sva, size);
427 
428 		free(l3_list, M_TEMP);
429 	}
430 }
431