xref: /linux/fs/devpts/inode.c (revision 3618002d007244be851fb5f314c6ddc61b8b860d)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
2 /* -*- linux-c -*- --------------------------------------------------------- *
3  *
4  * linux/fs/devpts/inode.c
5  *
6  *  Copyright 1998-2004 H. Peter Anvin -- All Rights Reserved
7  *
8  * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
9 
10 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
11 
12 #include <linux/module.h>
13 #include <linux/init.h>
14 #include <linux/fs.h>
15 #include <linux/fs_context.h>
16 #include <linux/fs_parser.h>
17 #include <linux/sched.h>
18 #include <linux/namei.h>
19 #include <linux/slab.h>
20 #include <linux/mount.h>
21 #include <linux/tty.h>
22 #include <linux/mutex.h>
23 #include <linux/magic.h>
24 #include <linux/idr.h>
25 #include <linux/devpts_fs.h>
26 #include <linux/fsnotify.h>
27 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
28 
29 #define DEVPTS_DEFAULT_MODE 0600
30 /*
31  * ptmx is a new node in /dev/pts and will be unused in legacy (single-
32  * instance) mode. To prevent surprises in user space, set permissions of
33  * ptmx to 0. Use 'chmod' or remount with '-o ptmxmode' to set meaningful
34  * permissions.
35  */
36 #define DEVPTS_DEFAULT_PTMX_MODE 0000
37 #define PTMX_MINOR	2
38 
39 /*
40  * sysctl support for setting limits on the number of Unix98 ptys allocated.
41  * Otherwise one can eat up all kernel memory by opening /dev/ptmx repeatedly.
42  */
43 static int pty_limit = NR_UNIX98_PTY_DEFAULT;
44 static int pty_reserve = NR_UNIX98_PTY_RESERVE;
45 static int pty_limit_min;
46 static int pty_limit_max = INT_MAX;
47 static atomic_t pty_count = ATOMIC_INIT(0);
48 
49 static const struct ctl_table pty_table[] = {
50 	{
51 		.procname	= "max",
52 		.maxlen		= sizeof(int),
53 		.mode		= 0644,
54 		.data		= &pty_limit,
55 		.proc_handler	= proc_dointvec_minmax,
56 		.extra1		= &pty_limit_min,
57 		.extra2		= &pty_limit_max,
58 	}, {
59 		.procname	= "reserve",
60 		.maxlen		= sizeof(int),
61 		.mode		= 0644,
62 		.data		= &pty_reserve,
63 		.proc_handler	= proc_dointvec_minmax,
64 		.extra1		= &pty_limit_min,
65 		.extra2		= &pty_limit_max,
66 	}, {
67 		.procname	= "nr",
68 		.maxlen		= sizeof(int),
69 		.mode		= 0444,
70 		.data		= &pty_count,
71 		.proc_handler	= proc_dointvec,
72 	},
73 };
74 
75 struct pts_mount_opts {
76 	int setuid;
77 	int setgid;
78 	kuid_t   uid;
79 	kgid_t   gid;
80 	umode_t mode;
81 	umode_t ptmxmode;
82 	int reserve;
83 	int max;
84 };
85 
86 enum {
87 	Opt_uid, Opt_gid, Opt_mode, Opt_ptmxmode, Opt_newinstance,  Opt_max,
88 	Opt_err
89 };
90 
91 static const struct fs_parameter_spec devpts_param_specs[] = {
92 	fsparam_gid	("gid",		Opt_gid),
93 	fsparam_s32	("max",		Opt_max),
94 	fsparam_u32oct	("mode",	Opt_mode),
95 	fsparam_flag	("newinstance",	Opt_newinstance),
96 	fsparam_u32oct	("ptmxmode",	Opt_ptmxmode),
97 	fsparam_uid	("uid",		Opt_uid),
98 	{}
99 };
100 
101 struct pts_fs_info {
102 	struct ida allocated_ptys;
103 	struct pts_mount_opts mount_opts;
104 	struct super_block *sb;
105 	struct dentry *ptmx_dentry;
106 };
107 
DEVPTS_SB(struct super_block * sb)108 static inline struct pts_fs_info *DEVPTS_SB(struct super_block *sb)
109 {
110 	return sb->s_fs_info;
111 }
112 
devpts_ptmx_path(struct path * path)113 static int devpts_ptmx_path(struct path *path)
114 {
115 	struct super_block *sb;
116 	int err;
117 
118 	/* Is a devpts filesystem at "pts" in the same directory? */
119 	err = path_pts(path);
120 	if (err)
121 		return err;
122 
123 	/* Is the path the root of a devpts filesystem? */
124 	sb = path->mnt->mnt_sb;
125 	if ((sb->s_magic != DEVPTS_SUPER_MAGIC) ||
126 	    (path->mnt->mnt_root != sb->s_root))
127 		return -ENODEV;
128 
129 	return 0;
130 }
131 
132 /*
133  * Try to find a suitable devpts filesystem. We support the following
134  * scenarios:
135  * - The ptmx device node is located in the same directory as the devpts
136  *   mount where the pts device nodes are located.
137  *   This is e.g. the case when calling open on the /dev/pts/ptmx device
138  *   node when the devpts filesystem is mounted at /dev/pts.
139  * - The ptmx device node is located outside the devpts filesystem mount
140  *   where the pts device nodes are located. For example, the ptmx device
141  *   is a symlink, separate device node, or bind-mount.
142  *   A supported scenario is bind-mounting /dev/pts/ptmx to /dev/ptmx and
143  *   then calling open on /dev/ptmx. In this case a suitable pts
144  *   subdirectory can be found in the common parent directory /dev of the
145  *   devpts mount and the ptmx bind-mount, after resolving the /dev/ptmx
146  *   bind-mount.
147  *   If no suitable pts subdirectory can be found this function will fail.
148  *   This is e.g. the case when bind-mounting /dev/pts/ptmx to /ptmx.
149  */
devpts_mntget(struct file * filp,struct pts_fs_info * fsi)150 struct vfsmount *devpts_mntget(struct file *filp, struct pts_fs_info *fsi)
151 {
152 	struct path path;
153 	int err = 0;
154 
155 	path = filp->f_path;
156 	path_get(&path);
157 
158 	/* Walk upward while the start point is a bind mount of
159 	 * a single file.
160 	 */
161 	while (path.mnt->mnt_root == path.dentry)
162 		if (follow_up(&path) == 0)
163 			break;
164 
165 	/* devpts_ptmx_path() finds a devpts fs or returns an error. */
166 	if ((path.mnt->mnt_sb->s_magic != DEVPTS_SUPER_MAGIC) ||
167 	    (DEVPTS_SB(path.mnt->mnt_sb) != fsi))
168 		err = devpts_ptmx_path(&path);
169 	dput(path.dentry);
170 	if (!err) {
171 		if (DEVPTS_SB(path.mnt->mnt_sb) == fsi)
172 			return path.mnt;
173 
174 		err = -ENODEV;
175 	}
176 
177 	mntput(path.mnt);
178 	return ERR_PTR(err);
179 }
180 
devpts_acquire(struct file * filp)181 struct pts_fs_info *devpts_acquire(struct file *filp)
182 {
183 	struct pts_fs_info *result;
184 	struct path path;
185 	struct super_block *sb;
186 
187 	path = filp->f_path;
188 	path_get(&path);
189 
190 	/* Has the devpts filesystem already been found? */
191 	if (path.mnt->mnt_sb->s_magic != DEVPTS_SUPER_MAGIC) {
192 		int err;
193 
194 		err = devpts_ptmx_path(&path);
195 		if (err) {
196 			result = ERR_PTR(err);
197 			goto out;
198 		}
199 	}
200 
201 	/*
202 	 * pty code needs to hold extra references in case of last /dev/tty close
203 	 */
204 	sb = path.mnt->mnt_sb;
205 	atomic_inc(&sb->s_active);
206 	result = DEVPTS_SB(sb);
207 
208 out:
209 	path_put(&path);
210 	return result;
211 }
212 
devpts_release(struct pts_fs_info * fsi)213 void devpts_release(struct pts_fs_info *fsi)
214 {
215 	deactivate_super(fsi->sb);
216 }
217 
218 /*
219  * devpts_parse_param - Parse mount parameters
220  */
devpts_parse_param(struct fs_context * fc,struct fs_parameter * param)221 static int devpts_parse_param(struct fs_context *fc, struct fs_parameter *param)
222 {
223 	struct pts_fs_info *fsi = fc->s_fs_info;
224 	struct pts_mount_opts *opts = &fsi->mount_opts;
225 	struct fs_parse_result result;
226 	int opt;
227 
228 	opt = fs_parse(fc, devpts_param_specs, param, &result);
229 	if (opt < 0)
230 		return opt;
231 
232 	switch (opt) {
233 	case Opt_uid:
234 		opts->uid = result.uid;
235 		opts->setuid = 1;
236 		break;
237 	case Opt_gid:
238 		opts->gid = result.gid;
239 		opts->setgid = 1;
240 		break;
241 	case Opt_mode:
242 		opts->mode = result.uint_32 & S_IALLUGO;
243 		break;
244 	case Opt_ptmxmode:
245 		opts->ptmxmode = result.uint_32 & S_IALLUGO;
246 		break;
247 	case Opt_newinstance:
248 		break;
249 	case Opt_max:
250 		if (result.uint_32 > NR_UNIX98_PTY_MAX)
251 			return invalf(fc, "max out of range");
252 		opts->max = result.uint_32;
253 		break;
254 	}
255 
256 	return 0;
257 }
258 
mknod_ptmx(struct super_block * sb,struct fs_context * fc)259 static int mknod_ptmx(struct super_block *sb, struct fs_context *fc)
260 {
261 	int mode;
262 	int rc = -ENOMEM;
263 	struct dentry *dentry;
264 	struct inode *inode;
265 	struct dentry *root = sb->s_root;
266 	struct pts_fs_info *fsi = DEVPTS_SB(sb);
267 	struct pts_mount_opts *opts = &fsi->mount_opts;
268 	kuid_t ptmx_uid = current_fsuid();
269 	kgid_t ptmx_gid = current_fsgid();
270 
271 	inode_lock(d_inode(root));
272 
273 	/* If we have already created ptmx node, return */
274 	if (fsi->ptmx_dentry) {
275 		rc = 0;
276 		goto out;
277 	}
278 
279 	dentry = d_alloc_name(root, "ptmx");
280 	if (!dentry) {
281 		pr_err("Unable to alloc dentry for ptmx node\n");
282 		goto out;
283 	}
284 
285 	/*
286 	 * Create a new 'ptmx' node in this mount of devpts.
287 	 */
288 	inode = new_inode(sb);
289 	if (!inode) {
290 		pr_err("Unable to alloc inode for ptmx node\n");
291 		dput(dentry);
292 		goto out;
293 	}
294 
295 	inode->i_ino = 2;
296 	simple_inode_init_ts(inode);
297 
298 	mode = S_IFCHR|opts->ptmxmode;
299 	init_special_inode(inode, mode, MKDEV(TTYAUX_MAJOR, 2));
300 	inode->i_uid = ptmx_uid;
301 	inode->i_gid = ptmx_gid;
302 
303 	d_add(dentry, inode);
304 
305 	fsi->ptmx_dentry = dentry;
306 	rc = 0;
307 out:
308 	inode_unlock(d_inode(root));
309 	return rc;
310 }
311 
update_ptmx_mode(struct pts_fs_info * fsi)312 static void update_ptmx_mode(struct pts_fs_info *fsi)
313 {
314 	struct inode *inode;
315 	if (fsi->ptmx_dentry) {
316 		inode = d_inode(fsi->ptmx_dentry);
317 		inode->i_mode = S_IFCHR|fsi->mount_opts.ptmxmode;
318 	}
319 }
320 
devpts_reconfigure(struct fs_context * fc)321 static int devpts_reconfigure(struct fs_context *fc)
322 {
323 	struct pts_fs_info *fsi = DEVPTS_SB(fc->root->d_sb);
324 	struct pts_fs_info *new = fc->s_fs_info;
325 
326 	/* Apply the revised options.  We don't want to change ->reserve.
327 	 * Ideally, we'd update each option conditionally on it having been
328 	 * explicitly changed, but the default is to reset everything so that
329 	 * would break UAPI...
330 	 */
331 	fsi->mount_opts.setuid		= new->mount_opts.setuid;
332 	fsi->mount_opts.setgid		= new->mount_opts.setgid;
333 	fsi->mount_opts.uid		= new->mount_opts.uid;
334 	fsi->mount_opts.gid		= new->mount_opts.gid;
335 	fsi->mount_opts.mode		= new->mount_opts.mode;
336 	fsi->mount_opts.ptmxmode	= new->mount_opts.ptmxmode;
337 	fsi->mount_opts.max		= new->mount_opts.max;
338 
339 	/*
340 	 * parse_mount_options() restores options to default values
341 	 * before parsing and may have changed ptmxmode. So, update the
342 	 * mode in the inode too. Bogus options don't fail the remount,
343 	 * so do this even on error return.
344 	 */
345 	update_ptmx_mode(fsi);
346 
347 	return 0;
348 }
349 
devpts_show_options(struct seq_file * seq,struct dentry * root)350 static int devpts_show_options(struct seq_file *seq, struct dentry *root)
351 {
352 	struct pts_fs_info *fsi = DEVPTS_SB(root->d_sb);
353 	struct pts_mount_opts *opts = &fsi->mount_opts;
354 
355 	if (opts->setuid)
356 		seq_printf(seq, ",uid=%u",
357 			   from_kuid_munged(&init_user_ns, opts->uid));
358 	if (opts->setgid)
359 		seq_printf(seq, ",gid=%u",
360 			   from_kgid_munged(&init_user_ns, opts->gid));
361 	seq_printf(seq, ",mode=%03o", opts->mode);
362 	seq_printf(seq, ",ptmxmode=%03o", opts->ptmxmode);
363 	if (opts->max < NR_UNIX98_PTY_MAX)
364 		seq_printf(seq, ",max=%d", opts->max);
365 
366 	return 0;
367 }
368 
369 static const struct super_operations devpts_sops = {
370 	.statfs		= simple_statfs,
371 	.show_options	= devpts_show_options,
372 };
373 
devpts_fill_super(struct super_block * s,struct fs_context * fc)374 static int devpts_fill_super(struct super_block *s, struct fs_context *fc)
375 {
376 	struct pts_fs_info *fsi = DEVPTS_SB(s);
377 	struct inode *inode;
378 
379 	s->s_iflags &= ~SB_I_NODEV;
380 	s->s_blocksize = 1024;
381 	s->s_blocksize_bits = 10;
382 	s->s_magic = DEVPTS_SUPER_MAGIC;
383 	s->s_op = &devpts_sops;
384 	s->s_d_op = &simple_dentry_operations;
385 	s->s_time_gran = 1;
386 	fsi->sb = s;
387 
388 	inode = new_inode(s);
389 	if (!inode)
390 		return -ENOMEM;
391 	inode->i_ino = 1;
392 	simple_inode_init_ts(inode);
393 	inode->i_mode = S_IFDIR | S_IRUGO | S_IXUGO | S_IWUSR;
394 	inode->i_op = &simple_dir_inode_operations;
395 	inode->i_fop = &simple_dir_operations;
396 	set_nlink(inode, 2);
397 
398 	s->s_root = d_make_root(inode);
399 	if (!s->s_root) {
400 		pr_err("get root dentry failed\n");
401 		return -ENOMEM;
402 	}
403 
404 	return mknod_ptmx(s, fc);
405 }
406 
407 /*
408  * devpts_get_tree()
409  *
410  *     Mount a new (private) instance of devpts.  PTYs created in this
411  *     instance are independent of the PTYs in other devpts instances.
412  */
devpts_get_tree(struct fs_context * fc)413 static int devpts_get_tree(struct fs_context *fc)
414 {
415 	return get_tree_nodev(fc, devpts_fill_super);
416 }
417 
devpts_free_fc(struct fs_context * fc)418 static void devpts_free_fc(struct fs_context *fc)
419 {
420 	kfree(fc->s_fs_info);
421 }
422 
423 static const struct fs_context_operations devpts_context_ops = {
424 	.free		= devpts_free_fc,
425 	.parse_param	= devpts_parse_param,
426 	.get_tree	= devpts_get_tree,
427 	.reconfigure	= devpts_reconfigure,
428 };
429 
430 /*
431  * Set up the filesystem mount context.
432  */
devpts_init_fs_context(struct fs_context * fc)433 static int devpts_init_fs_context(struct fs_context *fc)
434 {
435 	struct pts_fs_info *fsi;
436 
437 	fsi = kzalloc(sizeof(struct pts_fs_info), GFP_KERNEL);
438 	if (!fsi)
439 		return -ENOMEM;
440 
441 	ida_init(&fsi->allocated_ptys);
442 	fsi->mount_opts.uid     = GLOBAL_ROOT_UID;
443 	fsi->mount_opts.gid     = GLOBAL_ROOT_GID;
444 	fsi->mount_opts.mode    = DEVPTS_DEFAULT_MODE;
445 	fsi->mount_opts.ptmxmode = DEVPTS_DEFAULT_PTMX_MODE;
446 	fsi->mount_opts.max     = NR_UNIX98_PTY_MAX;
447 
448 	if (fc->purpose == FS_CONTEXT_FOR_MOUNT &&
449 	    current->nsproxy->mnt_ns == init_task.nsproxy->mnt_ns)
450 		fsi->mount_opts.reserve = true;
451 
452 	fc->s_fs_info = fsi;
453 	fc->ops = &devpts_context_ops;
454 	return 0;
455 }
456 
devpts_kill_sb(struct super_block * sb)457 static void devpts_kill_sb(struct super_block *sb)
458 {
459 	struct pts_fs_info *fsi = DEVPTS_SB(sb);
460 
461 	if (fsi)
462 		ida_destroy(&fsi->allocated_ptys);
463 	kfree(fsi);
464 	kill_litter_super(sb);
465 }
466 
467 static struct file_system_type devpts_fs_type = {
468 	.name		= "devpts",
469 	.init_fs_context = devpts_init_fs_context,
470 	.parameters	= devpts_param_specs,
471 	.kill_sb	= devpts_kill_sb,
472 	.fs_flags	= FS_USERNS_MOUNT,
473 };
474 
475 /*
476  * The normal naming convention is simply /dev/pts/<number>; this conforms
477  * to the System V naming convention
478  */
479 
devpts_new_index(struct pts_fs_info * fsi)480 int devpts_new_index(struct pts_fs_info *fsi)
481 {
482 	int index = -ENOSPC;
483 
484 	if (atomic_inc_return(&pty_count) >= (pty_limit -
485 			  (fsi->mount_opts.reserve ? 0 : pty_reserve)))
486 		goto out;
487 
488 	index = ida_alloc_max(&fsi->allocated_ptys, fsi->mount_opts.max - 1,
489 			GFP_KERNEL);
490 
491 out:
492 	if (index < 0)
493 		atomic_dec(&pty_count);
494 	return index;
495 }
496 
devpts_kill_index(struct pts_fs_info * fsi,int idx)497 void devpts_kill_index(struct pts_fs_info *fsi, int idx)
498 {
499 	ida_free(&fsi->allocated_ptys, idx);
500 	atomic_dec(&pty_count);
501 }
502 
503 /**
504  * devpts_pty_new -- create a new inode in /dev/pts/
505  * @fsi: Filesystem info for this instance.
506  * @index: used as a name of the node
507  * @priv: what's given back by devpts_get_priv
508  *
509  * The dentry for the created inode is returned.
510  * Remove it from /dev/pts/ with devpts_pty_kill().
511  */
devpts_pty_new(struct pts_fs_info * fsi,int index,void * priv)512 struct dentry *devpts_pty_new(struct pts_fs_info *fsi, int index, void *priv)
513 {
514 	struct dentry *dentry;
515 	struct super_block *sb = fsi->sb;
516 	struct inode *inode;
517 	struct dentry *root;
518 	struct pts_mount_opts *opts;
519 	char s[12];
520 
521 	root = sb->s_root;
522 	opts = &fsi->mount_opts;
523 
524 	inode = new_inode(sb);
525 	if (!inode)
526 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
527 
528 	inode->i_ino = index + 3;
529 	inode->i_uid = opts->setuid ? opts->uid : current_fsuid();
530 	inode->i_gid = opts->setgid ? opts->gid : current_fsgid();
531 	simple_inode_init_ts(inode);
532 	init_special_inode(inode, S_IFCHR|opts->mode, MKDEV(UNIX98_PTY_SLAVE_MAJOR, index));
533 
534 	sprintf(s, "%d", index);
535 
536 	dentry = d_alloc_name(root, s);
537 	if (dentry) {
538 		dentry->d_fsdata = priv;
539 		d_add(dentry, inode);
540 		fsnotify_create(d_inode(root), dentry);
541 	} else {
542 		iput(inode);
543 		dentry = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
544 	}
545 
546 	return dentry;
547 }
548 
549 /**
550  * devpts_get_priv -- get private data for a slave
551  * @dentry: dentry of the slave
552  *
553  * Returns whatever was passed as priv in devpts_pty_new for a given inode.
554  */
devpts_get_priv(struct dentry * dentry)555 void *devpts_get_priv(struct dentry *dentry)
556 {
557 	if (dentry->d_sb->s_magic != DEVPTS_SUPER_MAGIC)
558 		return NULL;
559 	return dentry->d_fsdata;
560 }
561 
562 /**
563  * devpts_pty_kill -- remove inode form /dev/pts/
564  * @dentry: dentry of the slave to be removed
565  *
566  * This is an inverse operation of devpts_pty_new.
567  */
devpts_pty_kill(struct dentry * dentry)568 void devpts_pty_kill(struct dentry *dentry)
569 {
570 	WARN_ON_ONCE(dentry->d_sb->s_magic != DEVPTS_SUPER_MAGIC);
571 
572 	dentry->d_fsdata = NULL;
573 	drop_nlink(dentry->d_inode);
574 	d_drop(dentry);
575 	fsnotify_unlink(d_inode(dentry->d_parent), dentry);
576 	dput(dentry);	/* d_alloc_name() in devpts_pty_new() */
577 }
578 
init_devpts_fs(void)579 static int __init init_devpts_fs(void)
580 {
581 	int err = register_filesystem(&devpts_fs_type);
582 	if (!err) {
583 		register_sysctl("kernel/pty", pty_table);
584 	}
585 	return err;
586 }
587 module_init(init_devpts_fs)
588