xref: /linux/arch/x86/kernel/callthunks.c (revision 2c1ed907520c50326b8f604907a8478b27881a2e)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 
3 #define pr_fmt(fmt) "callthunks: " fmt
4 
5 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
6 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
7 #include <linux/memory.h>
8 #include <linux/moduleloader.h>
9 #include <linux/static_call.h>
10 
11 #include <asm/alternative.h>
12 #include <asm/asm-offsets.h>
13 #include <asm/cpu.h>
14 #include <asm/ftrace.h>
15 #include <asm/insn.h>
16 #include <asm/kexec.h>
17 #include <asm/nospec-branch.h>
18 #include <asm/paravirt.h>
19 #include <asm/sections.h>
20 #include <asm/switch_to.h>
21 #include <asm/sync_core.h>
22 #include <asm/text-patching.h>
23 #include <asm/xen/hypercall.h>
24 
25 static int __initdata_or_module debug_callthunks;
26 
27 #define MAX_PATCH_LEN (255-1)
28 
29 #define prdbg(fmt, args...)					\
30 do {								\
31 	if (debug_callthunks)					\
32 		printk(KERN_DEBUG pr_fmt(fmt), ##args);		\
33 } while(0)
34 
debug_thunks(char * str)35 static int __init debug_thunks(char *str)
36 {
37 	debug_callthunks = 1;
38 	return 1;
39 }
40 __setup("debug-callthunks", debug_thunks);
41 
42 #ifdef CONFIG_CALL_THUNKS_DEBUG
43 DEFINE_PER_CPU(u64, __x86_call_count);
44 DEFINE_PER_CPU(u64, __x86_ret_count);
45 DEFINE_PER_CPU(u64, __x86_stuffs_count);
46 DEFINE_PER_CPU(u64, __x86_ctxsw_count);
47 EXPORT_PER_CPU_SYMBOL_GPL(__x86_ctxsw_count);
48 EXPORT_PER_CPU_SYMBOL_GPL(__x86_call_count);
49 #endif
50 
51 extern s32 __call_sites[], __call_sites_end[];
52 
53 struct core_text {
54 	unsigned long	base;
55 	unsigned long	end;
56 	const char	*name;
57 };
58 
59 static bool thunks_initialized __ro_after_init;
60 
61 static const struct core_text builtin_coretext = {
62 	.base = (unsigned long)_text,
63 	.end  = (unsigned long)_etext,
64 	.name = "builtin",
65 };
66 
67 asm (
68 	".pushsection .rodata				\n"
69 	".global skl_call_thunk_template		\n"
70 	"skl_call_thunk_template:			\n"
71 		__stringify(INCREMENT_CALL_DEPTH)"	\n"
72 	".global skl_call_thunk_tail			\n"
73 	"skl_call_thunk_tail:				\n"
74 	".popsection					\n"
75 );
76 
77 extern u8 skl_call_thunk_template[];
78 extern u8 skl_call_thunk_tail[];
79 
80 #define SKL_TMPL_SIZE \
81 	((unsigned int)(skl_call_thunk_tail - skl_call_thunk_template))
82 
83 extern void error_entry(void);
84 extern void xen_error_entry(void);
85 extern void paranoid_entry(void);
86 
within_coretext(const struct core_text * ct,void * addr)87 static inline bool within_coretext(const struct core_text *ct, void *addr)
88 {
89 	unsigned long p = (unsigned long)addr;
90 
91 	return ct->base <= p && p < ct->end;
92 }
93 
within_module_coretext(void * addr)94 static inline bool within_module_coretext(void *addr)
95 {
96 	bool ret = false;
97 
98 #ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
99 	struct module *mod;
100 
101 	preempt_disable();
102 	mod = __module_address((unsigned long)addr);
103 	if (mod && within_module_core((unsigned long)addr, mod))
104 		ret = true;
105 	preempt_enable();
106 #endif
107 	return ret;
108 }
109 
is_coretext(const struct core_text * ct,void * addr)110 static bool is_coretext(const struct core_text *ct, void *addr)
111 {
112 	if (ct && within_coretext(ct, addr))
113 		return true;
114 	if (within_coretext(&builtin_coretext, addr))
115 		return true;
116 	return within_module_coretext(addr);
117 }
118 
skip_addr(void * dest)119 static bool skip_addr(void *dest)
120 {
121 	if (dest == error_entry)
122 		return true;
123 	if (dest == paranoid_entry)
124 		return true;
125 	if (dest == xen_error_entry)
126 		return true;
127 	/* Does FILL_RSB... */
128 	if (dest == __switch_to_asm)
129 		return true;
130 	/* Accounts directly */
131 	if (dest == ret_from_fork)
132 		return true;
133 #if defined(CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU) && defined(CONFIG_AMD_MEM_ENCRYPT)
134 	if (dest == soft_restart_cpu)
135 		return true;
136 #endif
137 #ifdef CONFIG_FUNCTION_TRACER
138 	if (dest == __fentry__)
139 		return true;
140 #endif
141 #ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE
142 # ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
143 	if (dest >= (void *)__relocate_kernel_start &&
144 	    dest < (void *)__relocate_kernel_end)
145 		return true;
146 # else
147 	if (dest >= (void *)relocate_kernel &&
148 	    dest < (void*)relocate_kernel + KEXEC_CONTROL_CODE_MAX_SIZE)
149 		return true;
150 # endif
151 #endif
152 	return false;
153 }
154 
call_get_dest(void * addr)155 static __init_or_module void *call_get_dest(void *addr)
156 {
157 	struct insn insn;
158 	void *dest;
159 	int ret;
160 
161 	ret = insn_decode_kernel(&insn, addr);
162 	if (ret)
163 		return ERR_PTR(ret);
164 
165 	/* Patched out call? */
166 	if (insn.opcode.bytes[0] != CALL_INSN_OPCODE)
167 		return NULL;
168 
169 	dest = addr + insn.length + insn.immediate.value;
170 	if (skip_addr(dest))
171 		return NULL;
172 	return dest;
173 }
174 
175 static const u8 nops[] = {
176 	0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90,
177 	0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90,
178 	0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90,
179 	0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90,
180 };
181 
patch_dest(void * dest,bool direct)182 static void *patch_dest(void *dest, bool direct)
183 {
184 	unsigned int tsize = SKL_TMPL_SIZE;
185 	u8 insn_buff[MAX_PATCH_LEN];
186 	u8 *pad = dest - tsize;
187 
188 	memcpy(insn_buff, skl_call_thunk_template, tsize);
189 	apply_relocation(insn_buff, pad, tsize, skl_call_thunk_template, tsize);
190 
191 	/* Already patched? */
192 	if (!bcmp(pad, insn_buff, tsize))
193 		return pad;
194 
195 	/* Ensure there are nops */
196 	if (bcmp(pad, nops, tsize)) {
197 		pr_warn_once("Invalid padding area for %pS\n", dest);
198 		return NULL;
199 	}
200 
201 	if (direct)
202 		memcpy(pad, insn_buff, tsize);
203 	else
204 		text_poke_copy_locked(pad, insn_buff, tsize, true);
205 	return pad;
206 }
207 
patch_call(void * addr,const struct core_text * ct)208 static __init_or_module void patch_call(void *addr, const struct core_text *ct)
209 {
210 	void *pad, *dest;
211 	u8 bytes[8];
212 
213 	if (!within_coretext(ct, addr))
214 		return;
215 
216 	dest = call_get_dest(addr);
217 	if (!dest || WARN_ON_ONCE(IS_ERR(dest)))
218 		return;
219 
220 	if (!is_coretext(ct, dest))
221 		return;
222 
223 	pad = patch_dest(dest, within_coretext(ct, dest));
224 	if (!pad)
225 		return;
226 
227 	prdbg("Patch call at: %pS %px to %pS %px -> %px \n", addr, addr,
228 		dest, dest, pad);
229 	__text_gen_insn(bytes, CALL_INSN_OPCODE, addr, pad, CALL_INSN_SIZE);
230 	text_poke_early(addr, bytes, CALL_INSN_SIZE);
231 }
232 
233 static __init_or_module void
patch_call_sites(s32 * start,s32 * end,const struct core_text * ct)234 patch_call_sites(s32 *start, s32 *end, const struct core_text *ct)
235 {
236 	s32 *s;
237 
238 	for (s = start; s < end; s++)
239 		patch_call((void *)s + *s, ct);
240 }
241 
242 static __init_or_module void
patch_alt_call_sites(struct alt_instr * start,struct alt_instr * end,const struct core_text * ct)243 patch_alt_call_sites(struct alt_instr *start, struct alt_instr *end,
244 		     const struct core_text *ct)
245 {
246 	struct alt_instr *a;
247 
248 	for (a = start; a < end; a++)
249 		patch_call((void *)&a->instr_offset + a->instr_offset, ct);
250 }
251 
252 static __init_or_module void
callthunks_setup(struct callthunk_sites * cs,const struct core_text * ct)253 callthunks_setup(struct callthunk_sites *cs, const struct core_text *ct)
254 {
255 	prdbg("Patching call sites %s\n", ct->name);
256 	patch_call_sites(cs->call_start, cs->call_end, ct);
257 	patch_alt_call_sites(cs->alt_start, cs->alt_end, ct);
258 	prdbg("Patching call sites done%s\n", ct->name);
259 }
260 
callthunks_patch_builtin_calls(void)261 void __init callthunks_patch_builtin_calls(void)
262 {
263 	struct callthunk_sites cs = {
264 		.call_start	= __call_sites,
265 		.call_end	= __call_sites_end,
266 		.alt_start	= __alt_instructions,
267 		.alt_end	= __alt_instructions_end
268 	};
269 
270 	if (!cpu_feature_enabled(X86_FEATURE_CALL_DEPTH))
271 		return;
272 
273 	pr_info("Setting up call depth tracking\n");
274 	mutex_lock(&text_mutex);
275 	callthunks_setup(&cs, &builtin_coretext);
276 	thunks_initialized = true;
277 	mutex_unlock(&text_mutex);
278 }
279 
callthunks_translate_call_dest(void * dest)280 void *callthunks_translate_call_dest(void *dest)
281 {
282 	void *target;
283 
284 	lockdep_assert_held(&text_mutex);
285 
286 	if (!thunks_initialized || skip_addr(dest))
287 		return dest;
288 
289 	if (!is_coretext(NULL, dest))
290 		return dest;
291 
292 	target = patch_dest(dest, false);
293 	return target ? : dest;
294 }
295 
296 #ifdef CONFIG_BPF_JIT
is_callthunk(void * addr)297 static bool is_callthunk(void *addr)
298 {
299 	unsigned int tmpl_size = SKL_TMPL_SIZE;
300 	u8 insn_buff[MAX_PATCH_LEN];
301 	unsigned long dest;
302 	u8 *pad;
303 
304 	dest = roundup((unsigned long)addr, CONFIG_FUNCTION_ALIGNMENT);
305 	if (!thunks_initialized || skip_addr((void *)dest))
306 		return false;
307 
308 	pad = (void *)(dest - tmpl_size);
309 
310 	memcpy(insn_buff, skl_call_thunk_template, tmpl_size);
311 	apply_relocation(insn_buff, pad, tmpl_size, skl_call_thunk_template, tmpl_size);
312 
313 	return !bcmp(pad, insn_buff, tmpl_size);
314 }
315 
x86_call_depth_emit_accounting(u8 ** pprog,void * func,void * ip)316 int x86_call_depth_emit_accounting(u8 **pprog, void *func, void *ip)
317 {
318 	unsigned int tmpl_size = SKL_TMPL_SIZE;
319 	u8 insn_buff[MAX_PATCH_LEN];
320 
321 	if (!thunks_initialized)
322 		return 0;
323 
324 	/* Is function call target a thunk? */
325 	if (func && is_callthunk(func))
326 		return 0;
327 
328 	memcpy(insn_buff, skl_call_thunk_template, tmpl_size);
329 	apply_relocation(insn_buff, ip, tmpl_size, skl_call_thunk_template, tmpl_size);
330 
331 	memcpy(*pprog, insn_buff, tmpl_size);
332 	*pprog += tmpl_size;
333 	return tmpl_size;
334 }
335 #endif
336 
337 #ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
callthunks_patch_module_calls(struct callthunk_sites * cs,struct module * mod)338 void noinline callthunks_patch_module_calls(struct callthunk_sites *cs,
339 					    struct module *mod)
340 {
341 	struct core_text ct = {
342 		.base = (unsigned long)mod->mem[MOD_TEXT].base,
343 		.end  = (unsigned long)mod->mem[MOD_TEXT].base + mod->mem[MOD_TEXT].size,
344 		.name = mod->name,
345 	};
346 
347 	if (!thunks_initialized)
348 		return;
349 
350 	mutex_lock(&text_mutex);
351 	callthunks_setup(cs, &ct);
352 	mutex_unlock(&text_mutex);
353 }
354 #endif /* CONFIG_MODULES */
355 
356 #if defined(CONFIG_CALL_THUNKS_DEBUG) && defined(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS)
callthunks_debug_show(struct seq_file * m,void * p)357 static int callthunks_debug_show(struct seq_file *m, void *p)
358 {
359 	unsigned long cpu = (unsigned long)m->private;
360 
361 	seq_printf(m, "C: %16llu R: %16llu S: %16llu X: %16llu\n,",
362 		   per_cpu(__x86_call_count, cpu),
363 		   per_cpu(__x86_ret_count, cpu),
364 		   per_cpu(__x86_stuffs_count, cpu),
365 		   per_cpu(__x86_ctxsw_count, cpu));
366 	return 0;
367 }
368 
callthunks_debug_open(struct inode * inode,struct file * file)369 static int callthunks_debug_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
370 {
371 	return single_open(file, callthunks_debug_show, inode->i_private);
372 }
373 
374 static const struct file_operations dfs_ops = {
375 	.open		= callthunks_debug_open,
376 	.read		= seq_read,
377 	.llseek		= seq_lseek,
378 	.release	= single_release,
379 };
380 
callthunks_debugfs_init(void)381 static int __init callthunks_debugfs_init(void)
382 {
383 	struct dentry *dir;
384 	unsigned long cpu;
385 
386 	dir = debugfs_create_dir("callthunks", NULL);
387 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
388 		void *arg = (void *)cpu;
389 		char name [10];
390 
391 		sprintf(name, "cpu%lu", cpu);
392 		debugfs_create_file(name, 0644, dir, arg, &dfs_ops);
393 	}
394 	return 0;
395 }
396 __initcall(callthunks_debugfs_init);
397 #endif
398