xref: /linux/init/main.c (revision 27b9989b87119da2f33f2c0fcbb8984ab4ebdf1a)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  *  linux/init/main.c
4  *
5  *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
6  *
7  *  GK 2/5/95  -  Changed to support mounting root fs via NFS
8  *  Added initrd & change_root: Werner Almesberger & Hans Lermen, Feb '96
9  *  Moan early if gcc is old, avoiding bogus kernels - Paul Gortmaker, May '96
10  *  Simplified starting of init:  Michael A. Griffith <grif@acm.org>
11  */
12 
13 #define DEBUG		/* Enable initcall_debug */
14 
15 #include <linux/types.h>
16 #include <linux/export.h>
17 #include <linux/extable.h>
18 #include <linux/module.h>
19 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
20 #include <linux/binfmts.h>
21 #include <linux/kernel.h>
22 #include <linux/syscalls.h>
23 #include <linux/stackprotector.h>
24 #include <linux/string.h>
25 #include <linux/ctype.h>
26 #include <linux/delay.h>
27 #include <linux/ioport.h>
28 #include <linux/init.h>
29 #include <linux/initrd.h>
30 #include <linux/memblock.h>
31 #include <linux/acpi.h>
32 #include <linux/bootconfig.h>
33 #include <linux/console.h>
34 #include <linux/nmi.h>
35 #include <linux/percpu.h>
36 #include <linux/kmod.h>
37 #include <linux/kprobes.h>
38 #include <linux/kmsan.h>
39 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
40 #include <linux/kernel_stat.h>
41 #include <linux/start_kernel.h>
42 #include <linux/security.h>
43 #include <linux/smp.h>
44 #include <linux/profile.h>
45 #include <linux/kfence.h>
46 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
47 #include <linux/srcu.h>
48 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
49 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
50 #include <linux/buildid.h>
51 #include <linux/writeback.h>
52 #include <linux/cpu.h>
53 #include <linux/cpuset.h>
54 #include <linux/memcontrol.h>
55 #include <linux/cgroup.h>
56 #include <linux/efi.h>
57 #include <linux/tick.h>
58 #include <linux/sched/isolation.h>
59 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
60 #include <linux/taskstats_kern.h>
61 #include <linux/delayacct.h>
62 #include <linux/unistd.h>
63 #include <linux/utsname.h>
64 #include <linux/rmap.h>
65 #include <linux/mempolicy.h>
66 #include <linux/key.h>
67 #include <linux/debug_locks.h>
68 #include <linux/debugobjects.h>
69 #include <linux/lockdep.h>
70 #include <linux/kmemleak.h>
71 #include <linux/padata.h>
72 #include <linux/pid_namespace.h>
73 #include <linux/device/driver.h>
74 #include <linux/kthread.h>
75 #include <linux/sched.h>
76 #include <linux/sched/init.h>
77 #include <linux/signal.h>
78 #include <linux/idr.h>
79 #include <linux/kgdb.h>
80 #include <linux/ftrace.h>
81 #include <linux/async.h>
82 #include <linux/shmem_fs.h>
83 #include <linux/slab.h>
84 #include <linux/perf_event.h>
85 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
86 #include <linux/pti.h>
87 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
88 #include <linux/sched/clock.h>
89 #include <linux/sched/task.h>
90 #include <linux/sched/task_stack.h>
91 #include <linux/context_tracking.h>
92 #include <linux/random.h>
93 #include <linux/moduleloader.h>
94 #include <linux/list.h>
95 #include <linux/integrity.h>
96 #include <linux/proc_ns.h>
97 #include <linux/io.h>
98 #include <linux/cache.h>
99 #include <linux/rodata_test.h>
100 #include <linux/jump_label.h>
101 #include <linux/kcsan.h>
102 #include <linux/init_syscalls.h>
103 #include <linux/stackdepot.h>
104 #include <linux/randomize_kstack.h>
105 #include <linux/pidfs.h>
106 #include <linux/ptdump.h>
107 #include <net/net_namespace.h>
108 
109 #include <asm/io.h>
110 #include <asm/setup.h>
111 #include <asm/sections.h>
112 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
113 
114 #define CREATE_TRACE_POINTS
115 #include <trace/events/initcall.h>
116 
117 #include <kunit/test.h>
118 
119 static int kernel_init(void *);
120 
121 /*
122  * Debug helper: via this flag we know that we are in 'early bootup code'
123  * where only the boot processor is running with IRQ disabled.  This means
124  * two things - IRQ must not be enabled before the flag is cleared and some
125  * operations which are not allowed with IRQ disabled are allowed while the
126  * flag is set.
127  */
128 bool early_boot_irqs_disabled __read_mostly;
129 
130 enum system_states system_state __read_mostly;
131 EXPORT_SYMBOL(system_state);
132 
133 /*
134  * Boot command-line arguments
135  */
136 #define MAX_INIT_ARGS CONFIG_INIT_ENV_ARG_LIMIT
137 #define MAX_INIT_ENVS CONFIG_INIT_ENV_ARG_LIMIT
138 
139 /* Default late time init is NULL. archs can override this later. */
140 void (*__initdata late_time_init)(void);
141 
142 /* Untouched command line saved by arch-specific code. */
143 char __initdata boot_command_line[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE];
144 /* Untouched saved command line (eg. for /proc) */
145 char *saved_command_line __ro_after_init;
146 unsigned int saved_command_line_len __ro_after_init;
147 /* Command line for parameter parsing */
148 static char *static_command_line;
149 /* Untouched extra command line */
150 static char *extra_command_line;
151 /* Extra init arguments */
152 static char *extra_init_args;
153 
154 #ifdef CONFIG_BOOT_CONFIG
155 /* Is bootconfig on command line? */
156 static bool bootconfig_found;
157 static size_t initargs_offs;
158 #else
159 # define bootconfig_found false
160 # define initargs_offs 0
161 #endif
162 
163 static char *execute_command;
164 static char *ramdisk_execute_command = "/init";
165 
166 /*
167  * Used to generate warnings if static_key manipulation functions are used
168  * before jump_label_init is called.
169  */
170 bool static_key_initialized __read_mostly;
171 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(static_key_initialized);
172 
173 /*
174  * If set, this is an indication to the drivers that reset the underlying
175  * device before going ahead with the initialization otherwise driver might
176  * rely on the BIOS and skip the reset operation.
177  *
178  * This is useful if kernel is booting in an unreliable environment.
179  * For ex. kdump situation where previous kernel has crashed, BIOS has been
180  * skipped and devices will be in unknown state.
181  */
182 unsigned int reset_devices;
183 EXPORT_SYMBOL(reset_devices);
184 
set_reset_devices(char * str)185 static int __init set_reset_devices(char *str)
186 {
187 	reset_devices = 1;
188 	return 1;
189 }
190 
191 __setup("reset_devices", set_reset_devices);
192 
193 static const char *argv_init[MAX_INIT_ARGS+2] = { "init", NULL, };
194 const char *envp_init[MAX_INIT_ENVS+2] = { "HOME=/", "TERM=linux", NULL, };
195 static const char *panic_later, *panic_param;
196 
obsolete_checksetup(char * line)197 static bool __init obsolete_checksetup(char *line)
198 {
199 	const struct obs_kernel_param *p;
200 	bool had_early_param = false;
201 
202 	p = __setup_start;
203 	do {
204 		int n = strlen(p->str);
205 		if (parameqn(line, p->str, n)) {
206 			if (p->early) {
207 				/* Already done in parse_early_param?
208 				 * (Needs exact match on param part).
209 				 * Keep iterating, as we can have early
210 				 * params and __setups of same names 8( */
211 				if (line[n] == '\0' || line[n] == '=')
212 					had_early_param = true;
213 			} else if (!p->setup_func) {
214 				pr_warn("Parameter %s is obsolete, ignored\n",
215 					p->str);
216 				return true;
217 			} else if (p->setup_func(line + n))
218 				return true;
219 		}
220 		p++;
221 	} while (p < __setup_end);
222 
223 	return had_early_param;
224 }
225 
226 /*
227  * This should be approx 2 Bo*oMips to start (note initial shift), and will
228  * still work even if initially too large, it will just take slightly longer
229  */
230 unsigned long loops_per_jiffy = (1<<12);
231 EXPORT_SYMBOL(loops_per_jiffy);
232 
debug_kernel(char * str)233 static int __init debug_kernel(char *str)
234 {
235 	console_loglevel = CONSOLE_LOGLEVEL_DEBUG;
236 	return 0;
237 }
238 
quiet_kernel(char * str)239 static int __init quiet_kernel(char *str)
240 {
241 	console_loglevel = CONSOLE_LOGLEVEL_QUIET;
242 	return 0;
243 }
244 
245 early_param("debug", debug_kernel);
246 early_param("quiet", quiet_kernel);
247 
loglevel(char * str)248 static int __init loglevel(char *str)
249 {
250 	int newlevel;
251 
252 	/*
253 	 * Only update loglevel value when a correct setting was passed,
254 	 * to prevent blind crashes (when loglevel being set to 0) that
255 	 * are quite hard to debug
256 	 */
257 	if (get_option(&str, &newlevel)) {
258 		console_loglevel = newlevel;
259 		return 0;
260 	}
261 
262 	return -EINVAL;
263 }
264 
265 early_param("loglevel", loglevel);
266 
267 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
get_boot_config_from_initrd(size_t * _size)268 static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(size_t *_size)
269 {
270 	u32 size, csum;
271 	char *data;
272 	u32 *hdr;
273 	int i;
274 
275 	if (!initrd_end)
276 		return NULL;
277 
278 	data = (char *)initrd_end - BOOTCONFIG_MAGIC_LEN;
279 	/*
280 	 * Since Grub may align the size of initrd to 4, we must
281 	 * check the preceding 3 bytes as well.
282 	 */
283 	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
284 		if (!memcmp(data, BOOTCONFIG_MAGIC, BOOTCONFIG_MAGIC_LEN))
285 			goto found;
286 		data--;
287 	}
288 	return NULL;
289 
290 found:
291 	hdr = (u32 *)(data - 8);
292 	size = le32_to_cpu(hdr[0]);
293 	csum = le32_to_cpu(hdr[1]);
294 
295 	data = ((void *)hdr) - size;
296 	if ((unsigned long)data < initrd_start) {
297 		pr_err("bootconfig size %d is greater than initrd size %ld\n",
298 			size, initrd_end - initrd_start);
299 		return NULL;
300 	}
301 
302 	if (xbc_calc_checksum(data, size) != csum) {
303 		pr_err("bootconfig checksum failed\n");
304 		return NULL;
305 	}
306 
307 	/* Remove bootconfig from initramfs/initrd */
308 	initrd_end = (unsigned long)data;
309 	if (_size)
310 		*_size = size;
311 
312 	return data;
313 }
314 #else
get_boot_config_from_initrd(size_t * _size)315 static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(size_t *_size)
316 {
317 	return NULL;
318 }
319 #endif
320 
321 #ifdef CONFIG_BOOT_CONFIG
322 
323 static char xbc_namebuf[XBC_KEYLEN_MAX] __initdata;
324 
325 #define rest(dst, end) ((end) > (dst) ? (end) - (dst) : 0)
326 
xbc_snprint_cmdline(char * buf,size_t size,struct xbc_node * root)327 static int __init xbc_snprint_cmdline(char *buf, size_t size,
328 				      struct xbc_node *root)
329 {
330 	struct xbc_node *knode, *vnode;
331 	char *end = buf + size;
332 	const char *val, *q;
333 	int ret;
334 
335 	xbc_node_for_each_key_value(root, knode, val) {
336 		ret = xbc_node_compose_key_after(root, knode,
337 					xbc_namebuf, XBC_KEYLEN_MAX);
338 		if (ret < 0)
339 			return ret;
340 
341 		vnode = xbc_node_get_child(knode);
342 		if (!vnode) {
343 			ret = snprintf(buf, rest(buf, end), "%s ", xbc_namebuf);
344 			if (ret < 0)
345 				return ret;
346 			buf += ret;
347 			continue;
348 		}
349 		xbc_array_for_each_value(vnode, val) {
350 			/*
351 			 * For prettier and more readable /proc/cmdline, only
352 			 * quote the value when necessary, i.e. when it contains
353 			 * whitespace.
354 			 */
355 			q = strpbrk(val, " \t\r\n") ? "\"" : "";
356 			ret = snprintf(buf, rest(buf, end), "%s=%s%s%s ",
357 				       xbc_namebuf, q, val, q);
358 			if (ret < 0)
359 				return ret;
360 			buf += ret;
361 		}
362 	}
363 
364 	return buf - (end - size);
365 }
366 #undef rest
367 
368 /* Make an extra command line under given key word */
xbc_make_cmdline(const char * key)369 static char * __init xbc_make_cmdline(const char *key)
370 {
371 	struct xbc_node *root;
372 	char *new_cmdline;
373 	int ret, len = 0;
374 
375 	root = xbc_find_node(key);
376 	if (!root)
377 		return NULL;
378 
379 	/* Count required buffer size */
380 	len = xbc_snprint_cmdline(NULL, 0, root);
381 	if (len <= 0)
382 		return NULL;
383 
384 	new_cmdline = memblock_alloc(len + 1, SMP_CACHE_BYTES);
385 	if (!new_cmdline) {
386 		pr_err("Failed to allocate memory for extra kernel cmdline.\n");
387 		return NULL;
388 	}
389 
390 	ret = xbc_snprint_cmdline(new_cmdline, len + 1, root);
391 	if (ret < 0 || ret > len) {
392 		pr_err("Failed to print extra kernel cmdline.\n");
393 		memblock_free(new_cmdline, len + 1);
394 		return NULL;
395 	}
396 
397 	return new_cmdline;
398 }
399 
bootconfig_params(char * param,char * val,const char * unused,void * arg)400 static int __init bootconfig_params(char *param, char *val,
401 				    const char *unused, void *arg)
402 {
403 	if (strcmp(param, "bootconfig") == 0) {
404 		bootconfig_found = true;
405 	}
406 	return 0;
407 }
408 
warn_bootconfig(char * str)409 static int __init warn_bootconfig(char *str)
410 {
411 	/* The 'bootconfig' has been handled by bootconfig_params(). */
412 	return 0;
413 }
414 
setup_boot_config(void)415 static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
416 {
417 	static char tmp_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] __initdata;
418 	const char *msg, *data;
419 	int pos, ret;
420 	size_t size;
421 	char *err;
422 
423 	/* Cut out the bootconfig data even if we have no bootconfig option */
424 	data = get_boot_config_from_initrd(&size);
425 	/* If there is no bootconfig in initrd, try embedded one. */
426 	if (!data)
427 		data = xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(&size);
428 
429 	strscpy(tmp_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
430 	err = parse_args("bootconfig", tmp_cmdline, NULL, 0, 0, 0, NULL,
431 			 bootconfig_params);
432 
433 	if (IS_ERR(err) || !(bootconfig_found || IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BOOT_CONFIG_FORCE)))
434 		return;
435 
436 	/* parse_args() stops at the next param of '--' and returns an address */
437 	if (err)
438 		initargs_offs = err - tmp_cmdline;
439 
440 	if (!data) {
441 		/* If user intended to use bootconfig, show an error level message */
442 		if (bootconfig_found)
443 			pr_err("'bootconfig' found on command line, but no bootconfig found\n");
444 		else
445 			pr_info("No bootconfig data provided, so skipping bootconfig");
446 		return;
447 	}
448 
449 	if (size >= XBC_DATA_MAX) {
450 		pr_err("bootconfig size %ld greater than max size %d\n",
451 			(long)size, XBC_DATA_MAX);
452 		return;
453 	}
454 
455 	ret = xbc_init(data, size, &msg, &pos);
456 	if (ret < 0) {
457 		if (pos < 0)
458 			pr_err("Failed to init bootconfig: %s.\n", msg);
459 		else
460 			pr_err("Failed to parse bootconfig: %s at %d.\n",
461 				msg, pos);
462 	} else {
463 		xbc_get_info(&ret, NULL);
464 		pr_info("Load bootconfig: %ld bytes %d nodes\n", (long)size, ret);
465 		/* keys starting with "kernel." are passed via cmdline */
466 		extra_command_line = xbc_make_cmdline("kernel");
467 		/* Also, "init." keys are init arguments */
468 		extra_init_args = xbc_make_cmdline("init");
469 	}
470 	return;
471 }
472 
exit_boot_config(void)473 static void __init exit_boot_config(void)
474 {
475 	xbc_exit();
476 }
477 
478 #else	/* !CONFIG_BOOT_CONFIG */
479 
setup_boot_config(void)480 static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
481 {
482 	/* Remove bootconfig data from initrd */
483 	get_boot_config_from_initrd(NULL);
484 }
485 
warn_bootconfig(char * str)486 static int __init warn_bootconfig(char *str)
487 {
488 	pr_warn("WARNING: 'bootconfig' found on the kernel command line but CONFIG_BOOT_CONFIG is not set.\n");
489 	return 0;
490 }
491 
492 #define exit_boot_config()	do {} while (0)
493 
494 #endif	/* CONFIG_BOOT_CONFIG */
495 
496 early_param("bootconfig", warn_bootconfig);
497 
cmdline_has_extra_options(void)498 bool __init cmdline_has_extra_options(void)
499 {
500 	return extra_command_line || extra_init_args;
501 }
502 
503 /* Change NUL term back to "=", to make "param" the whole string. */
repair_env_string(char * param,char * val)504 static void __init repair_env_string(char *param, char *val)
505 {
506 	if (val) {
507 		/* param=val or param="val"? */
508 		if (val == param+strlen(param)+1)
509 			val[-1] = '=';
510 		else if (val == param+strlen(param)+2) {
511 			val[-2] = '=';
512 			memmove(val-1, val, strlen(val)+1);
513 		} else
514 			BUG();
515 	}
516 }
517 
518 /* Anything after -- gets handed straight to init. */
set_init_arg(char * param,char * val,const char * unused,void * arg)519 static int __init set_init_arg(char *param, char *val,
520 			       const char *unused, void *arg)
521 {
522 	unsigned int i;
523 
524 	if (panic_later)
525 		return 0;
526 
527 	repair_env_string(param, val);
528 
529 	for (i = 0; argv_init[i]; i++) {
530 		if (i == MAX_INIT_ARGS) {
531 			panic_later = "init";
532 			panic_param = param;
533 			return 0;
534 		}
535 	}
536 	argv_init[i] = param;
537 	return 0;
538 }
539 
540 /*
541  * Unknown boot options get handed to init, unless they look like
542  * unused parameters (modprobe will find them in /proc/cmdline).
543  */
unknown_bootoption(char * param,char * val,const char * unused,void * arg)544 static int __init unknown_bootoption(char *param, char *val,
545 				     const char *unused, void *arg)
546 {
547 	size_t len = strlen(param);
548 
549 	/* Handle params aliased to sysctls */
550 	if (sysctl_is_alias(param))
551 		return 0;
552 
553 	repair_env_string(param, val);
554 
555 	/* Handle obsolete-style parameters */
556 	if (obsolete_checksetup(param))
557 		return 0;
558 
559 	/* Unused module parameter. */
560 	if (strnchr(param, len, '.'))
561 		return 0;
562 
563 	if (panic_later)
564 		return 0;
565 
566 	if (val) {
567 		/* Environment option */
568 		unsigned int i;
569 		for (i = 0; envp_init[i]; i++) {
570 			if (i == MAX_INIT_ENVS) {
571 				panic_later = "env";
572 				panic_param = param;
573 			}
574 			if (!strncmp(param, envp_init[i], len+1))
575 				break;
576 		}
577 		envp_init[i] = param;
578 	} else {
579 		/* Command line option */
580 		unsigned int i;
581 		for (i = 0; argv_init[i]; i++) {
582 			if (i == MAX_INIT_ARGS) {
583 				panic_later = "init";
584 				panic_param = param;
585 			}
586 		}
587 		argv_init[i] = param;
588 	}
589 	return 0;
590 }
591 
init_setup(char * str)592 static int __init init_setup(char *str)
593 {
594 	unsigned int i;
595 
596 	execute_command = str;
597 	/*
598 	 * In case LILO is going to boot us with default command line,
599 	 * it prepends "auto" before the whole cmdline which makes
600 	 * the shell think it should execute a script with such name.
601 	 * So we ignore all arguments entered _before_ init=... [MJ]
602 	 */
603 	for (i = 1; i < MAX_INIT_ARGS; i++)
604 		argv_init[i] = NULL;
605 	return 1;
606 }
607 __setup("init=", init_setup);
608 
rdinit_setup(char * str)609 static int __init rdinit_setup(char *str)
610 {
611 	unsigned int i;
612 
613 	ramdisk_execute_command = str;
614 	/* See "auto" comment in init_setup */
615 	for (i = 1; i < MAX_INIT_ARGS; i++)
616 		argv_init[i] = NULL;
617 	return 1;
618 }
619 __setup("rdinit=", rdinit_setup);
620 
621 #ifndef CONFIG_SMP
setup_nr_cpu_ids(void)622 static inline void setup_nr_cpu_ids(void) { }
smp_prepare_cpus(unsigned int maxcpus)623 static inline void smp_prepare_cpus(unsigned int maxcpus) { }
624 #endif
625 
626 /*
627  * We need to store the untouched command line for future reference.
628  * We also need to store the touched command line since the parameter
629  * parsing is performed in place, and we should allow a component to
630  * store reference of name/value for future reference.
631  */
setup_command_line(char * command_line)632 static void __init setup_command_line(char *command_line)
633 {
634 	size_t len, xlen = 0, ilen = 0;
635 
636 	if (extra_command_line)
637 		xlen = strlen(extra_command_line);
638 	if (extra_init_args) {
639 		extra_init_args = strim(extra_init_args); /* remove trailing space */
640 		ilen = strlen(extra_init_args) + 4; /* for " -- " */
641 	}
642 
643 	len = xlen + strlen(boot_command_line) + ilen + 1;
644 
645 	saved_command_line = memblock_alloc_or_panic(len, SMP_CACHE_BYTES);
646 
647 	len = xlen + strlen(command_line) + 1;
648 
649 	static_command_line = memblock_alloc_or_panic(len, SMP_CACHE_BYTES);
650 
651 	if (xlen) {
652 		/*
653 		 * We have to put extra_command_line before boot command
654 		 * lines because there could be dashes (separator of init
655 		 * command line) in the command lines.
656 		 */
657 		strcpy(saved_command_line, extra_command_line);
658 		strcpy(static_command_line, extra_command_line);
659 	}
660 	strcpy(saved_command_line + xlen, boot_command_line);
661 	strcpy(static_command_line + xlen, command_line);
662 
663 	if (ilen) {
664 		/*
665 		 * Append supplemental init boot args to saved_command_line
666 		 * so that user can check what command line options passed
667 		 * to init.
668 		 * The order should always be
669 		 * " -- "[bootconfig init-param][cmdline init-param]
670 		 */
671 		if (initargs_offs) {
672 			len = xlen + initargs_offs;
673 			strcpy(saved_command_line + len, extra_init_args);
674 			len += ilen - 4;	/* strlen(extra_init_args) */
675 			strcpy(saved_command_line + len,
676 				boot_command_line + initargs_offs - 1);
677 		} else {
678 			len = strlen(saved_command_line);
679 			strcpy(saved_command_line + len, " -- ");
680 			len += 4;
681 			strcpy(saved_command_line + len, extra_init_args);
682 		}
683 	}
684 
685 	saved_command_line_len = strlen(saved_command_line);
686 }
687 
688 /*
689  * We need to finalize in a non-__init function or else race conditions
690  * between the root thread and the init thread may cause start_kernel to
691  * be reaped by free_initmem before the root thread has proceeded to
692  * cpu_idle.
693  *
694  * gcc-3.4 accidentally inlines this function, so use noinline.
695  */
696 
697 static __initdata DECLARE_COMPLETION(kthreadd_done);
698 
rest_init(void)699 static noinline void __ref __noreturn rest_init(void)
700 {
701 	struct task_struct *tsk;
702 	int pid;
703 
704 	rcu_scheduler_starting();
705 	/*
706 	 * We need to spawn init first so that it obtains pid 1, however
707 	 * the init task will end up wanting to create kthreads, which, if
708 	 * we schedule it before we create kthreadd, will OOPS.
709 	 */
710 	pid = user_mode_thread(kernel_init, NULL, CLONE_FS);
711 	/*
712 	 * Pin init on the boot CPU. Task migration is not properly working
713 	 * until sched_init_smp() has been run. It will set the allowed
714 	 * CPUs for init to the non isolated CPUs.
715 	 */
716 	rcu_read_lock();
717 	tsk = find_task_by_pid_ns(pid, &init_pid_ns);
718 	tsk->flags |= PF_NO_SETAFFINITY;
719 	set_cpus_allowed_ptr(tsk, cpumask_of(smp_processor_id()));
720 	rcu_read_unlock();
721 
722 	numa_default_policy();
723 	pid = kernel_thread(kthreadd, NULL, NULL, CLONE_FS | CLONE_FILES);
724 	rcu_read_lock();
725 	kthreadd_task = find_task_by_pid_ns(pid, &init_pid_ns);
726 	rcu_read_unlock();
727 
728 	/*
729 	 * Enable might_sleep() and smp_processor_id() checks.
730 	 * They cannot be enabled earlier because with CONFIG_PREEMPTION=y
731 	 * kernel_thread() would trigger might_sleep() splats. With
732 	 * CONFIG_PREEMPT_VOLUNTARY=y the init task might have scheduled
733 	 * already, but it's stuck on the kthreadd_done completion.
734 	 */
735 	system_state = SYSTEM_SCHEDULING;
736 
737 	complete(&kthreadd_done);
738 
739 	/*
740 	 * The boot idle thread must execute schedule()
741 	 * at least once to get things moving:
742 	 */
743 	schedule_preempt_disabled();
744 	/* Call into cpu_idle with preempt disabled */
745 	cpu_startup_entry(CPUHP_ONLINE);
746 }
747 
748 /* Check for early params. */
do_early_param(char * param,char * val,const char * unused,void * arg)749 static int __init do_early_param(char *param, char *val,
750 				 const char *unused, void *arg)
751 {
752 	const struct obs_kernel_param *p;
753 
754 	for (p = __setup_start; p < __setup_end; p++) {
755 		if (p->early && parameq(param, p->str)) {
756 			if (p->setup_func(val) != 0)
757 				pr_warn("Malformed early option '%s'\n", param);
758 		}
759 	}
760 	/* We accept everything at this stage. */
761 	return 0;
762 }
763 
parse_early_options(char * cmdline)764 void __init parse_early_options(char *cmdline)
765 {
766 	parse_args("early options", cmdline, NULL, 0, 0, 0, NULL,
767 		   do_early_param);
768 }
769 
770 /* Arch code calls this early on, or if not, just before other parsing. */
parse_early_param(void)771 void __init parse_early_param(void)
772 {
773 	static int done __initdata;
774 	static char tmp_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] __initdata;
775 
776 	if (done)
777 		return;
778 
779 	/* All fall through to do_early_param. */
780 	strscpy(tmp_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
781 	parse_early_options(tmp_cmdline);
782 	done = 1;
783 }
784 
arch_post_acpi_subsys_init(void)785 void __init __weak arch_post_acpi_subsys_init(void) { }
786 
smp_setup_processor_id(void)787 void __init __weak smp_setup_processor_id(void)
788 {
789 }
790 
smp_prepare_boot_cpu(void)791 void __init __weak smp_prepare_boot_cpu(void)
792 {
793 }
794 
795 # if THREAD_SIZE >= PAGE_SIZE
thread_stack_cache_init(void)796 void __init __weak thread_stack_cache_init(void)
797 {
798 }
799 #endif
800 
poking_init(void)801 void __init __weak poking_init(void) { }
802 
pgtable_cache_init(void)803 void __init __weak pgtable_cache_init(void) { }
804 
trap_init(void)805 void __init __weak trap_init(void) { }
806 
807 bool initcall_debug;
808 core_param(initcall_debug, initcall_debug, bool, 0644);
809 
810 #ifdef TRACEPOINTS_ENABLED
811 static void __init initcall_debug_enable(void);
812 #else
initcall_debug_enable(void)813 static inline void initcall_debug_enable(void)
814 {
815 }
816 #endif
817 
818 #ifdef CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_KSTACK_OFFSET
819 DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_MAYBE_RO(CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_KSTACK_OFFSET_DEFAULT,
820 			   randomize_kstack_offset);
821 DEFINE_PER_CPU(u32, kstack_offset);
822 
early_randomize_kstack_offset(char * buf)823 static int __init early_randomize_kstack_offset(char *buf)
824 {
825 	int ret;
826 	bool bool_result;
827 
828 	ret = kstrtobool(buf, &bool_result);
829 	if (ret)
830 		return ret;
831 
832 	if (bool_result)
833 		static_branch_enable(&randomize_kstack_offset);
834 	else
835 		static_branch_disable(&randomize_kstack_offset);
836 	return 0;
837 }
838 early_param("randomize_kstack_offset", early_randomize_kstack_offset);
839 #endif
840 
print_unknown_bootoptions(void)841 static void __init print_unknown_bootoptions(void)
842 {
843 	char *unknown_options;
844 	char *end;
845 	const char *const *p;
846 	size_t len;
847 
848 	if (panic_later || (!argv_init[1] && !envp_init[2]))
849 		return;
850 
851 	/*
852 	 * Determine how many options we have to print out, plus a space
853 	 * before each
854 	 */
855 	len = 1; /* null terminator */
856 	for (p = &argv_init[1]; *p; p++) {
857 		len++;
858 		len += strlen(*p);
859 	}
860 	for (p = &envp_init[2]; *p; p++) {
861 		len++;
862 		len += strlen(*p);
863 	}
864 
865 	unknown_options = memblock_alloc(len, SMP_CACHE_BYTES);
866 	if (!unknown_options) {
867 		pr_err("%s: Failed to allocate %zu bytes\n",
868 			__func__, len);
869 		return;
870 	}
871 	end = unknown_options;
872 
873 	for (p = &argv_init[1]; *p; p++)
874 		end += sprintf(end, " %s", *p);
875 	for (p = &envp_init[2]; *p; p++)
876 		end += sprintf(end, " %s", *p);
877 
878 	/* Start at unknown_options[1] to skip the initial space */
879 	pr_notice("Unknown kernel command line parameters \"%s\", will be passed to user space.\n",
880 		&unknown_options[1]);
881 	memblock_free(unknown_options, len);
882 }
883 
early_numa_node_init(void)884 static void __init early_numa_node_init(void)
885 {
886 #ifdef CONFIG_USE_PERCPU_NUMA_NODE_ID
887 #ifndef cpu_to_node
888 	int cpu;
889 
890 	/* The early_cpu_to_node() should be ready here. */
891 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu)
892 		set_cpu_numa_node(cpu, early_cpu_to_node(cpu));
893 #endif
894 #endif
895 }
896 
897 asmlinkage __visible __init __no_sanitize_address __noreturn __no_stack_protector
start_kernel(void)898 void start_kernel(void)
899 {
900 	char *command_line;
901 	char *after_dashes;
902 
903 	set_task_stack_end_magic(&init_task);
904 	smp_setup_processor_id();
905 	debug_objects_early_init();
906 	init_vmlinux_build_id();
907 
908 	cgroup_init_early();
909 
910 	local_irq_disable();
911 	early_boot_irqs_disabled = true;
912 
913 	/*
914 	 * Interrupts are still disabled. Do necessary setups, then
915 	 * enable them.
916 	 */
917 	boot_cpu_init();
918 	page_address_init();
919 	pr_notice("%s", linux_banner);
920 	setup_arch(&command_line);
921 	/* Static keys and static calls are needed by LSMs */
922 	jump_label_init();
923 	static_call_init();
924 	early_security_init();
925 	setup_boot_config();
926 	setup_command_line(command_line);
927 	setup_nr_cpu_ids();
928 	setup_per_cpu_areas();
929 	smp_prepare_boot_cpu();	/* arch-specific boot-cpu hooks */
930 	early_numa_node_init();
931 	boot_cpu_hotplug_init();
932 
933 	pr_notice("Kernel command line: %s\n", saved_command_line);
934 	/* parameters may set static keys */
935 	parse_early_param();
936 	after_dashes = parse_args("Booting kernel",
937 				  static_command_line, __start___param,
938 				  __stop___param - __start___param,
939 				  -1, -1, NULL, &unknown_bootoption);
940 	print_unknown_bootoptions();
941 	if (!IS_ERR_OR_NULL(after_dashes))
942 		parse_args("Setting init args", after_dashes, NULL, 0, -1, -1,
943 			   NULL, set_init_arg);
944 	if (extra_init_args)
945 		parse_args("Setting extra init args", extra_init_args,
946 			   NULL, 0, -1, -1, NULL, set_init_arg);
947 
948 	/* Architectural and non-timekeeping rng init, before allocator init */
949 	random_init_early(command_line);
950 
951 	/*
952 	 * These use large bootmem allocations and must precede
953 	 * initalization of page allocator
954 	 */
955 	setup_log_buf(0);
956 	vfs_caches_init_early();
957 	sort_main_extable();
958 	trap_init();
959 	mm_core_init();
960 	poking_init();
961 	ftrace_init();
962 
963 	/* trace_printk can be enabled here */
964 	early_trace_init();
965 
966 	/*
967 	 * Set up the scheduler prior starting any interrupts (such as the
968 	 * timer interrupt). Full topology setup happens at smp_init()
969 	 * time - but meanwhile we still have a functioning scheduler.
970 	 */
971 	sched_init();
972 
973 	if (WARN(!irqs_disabled(),
974 		 "Interrupts were enabled *very* early, fixing it\n"))
975 		local_irq_disable();
976 	radix_tree_init();
977 	maple_tree_init();
978 
979 	/*
980 	 * Set up housekeeping before setting up workqueues to allow the unbound
981 	 * workqueue to take non-housekeeping into account.
982 	 */
983 	housekeeping_init();
984 
985 	/*
986 	 * Allow workqueue creation and work item queueing/cancelling
987 	 * early.  Work item execution depends on kthreads and starts after
988 	 * workqueue_init().
989 	 */
990 	workqueue_init_early();
991 
992 	rcu_init();
993 	kvfree_rcu_init();
994 
995 	/* Trace events are available after this */
996 	trace_init();
997 
998 	if (initcall_debug)
999 		initcall_debug_enable();
1000 
1001 	context_tracking_init();
1002 	/* init some links before init_ISA_irqs() */
1003 	early_irq_init();
1004 	init_IRQ();
1005 	tick_init();
1006 	rcu_init_nohz();
1007 	timers_init();
1008 	srcu_init();
1009 	hrtimers_init();
1010 	softirq_init();
1011 	timekeeping_init();
1012 	time_init();
1013 
1014 	/* This must be after timekeeping is initialized */
1015 	random_init();
1016 
1017 	/* These make use of the fully initialized rng */
1018 	kfence_init();
1019 	boot_init_stack_canary();
1020 
1021 	perf_event_init();
1022 	profile_init();
1023 	call_function_init();
1024 	WARN(!irqs_disabled(), "Interrupts were enabled early\n");
1025 
1026 	early_boot_irqs_disabled = false;
1027 	local_irq_enable();
1028 
1029 	kmem_cache_init_late();
1030 
1031 	/*
1032 	 * HACK ALERT! This is early. We're enabling the console before
1033 	 * we've done PCI setups etc, and console_init() must be aware of
1034 	 * this. But we do want output early, in case something goes wrong.
1035 	 */
1036 	console_init();
1037 	if (panic_later)
1038 		panic("Too many boot %s vars at `%s'", panic_later,
1039 		      panic_param);
1040 
1041 	lockdep_init();
1042 
1043 	/*
1044 	 * Need to run this when irqs are enabled, because it wants
1045 	 * to self-test [hard/soft]-irqs on/off lock inversion bugs
1046 	 * too:
1047 	 */
1048 	locking_selftest();
1049 
1050 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
1051 	if (initrd_start && !initrd_below_start_ok &&
1052 	    page_to_pfn(virt_to_page((void *)initrd_start)) < min_low_pfn) {
1053 		pr_crit("initrd overwritten (0x%08lx < 0x%08lx) - disabling it.\n",
1054 		    page_to_pfn(virt_to_page((void *)initrd_start)),
1055 		    min_low_pfn);
1056 		initrd_start = 0;
1057 	}
1058 #endif
1059 	setup_per_cpu_pageset();
1060 	numa_policy_init();
1061 	acpi_early_init();
1062 	if (late_time_init)
1063 		late_time_init();
1064 	sched_clock_init();
1065 	calibrate_delay();
1066 
1067 	arch_cpu_finalize_init();
1068 
1069 	pid_idr_init();
1070 	anon_vma_init();
1071 #ifdef CONFIG_X86
1072 	if (efi_enabled(EFI_RUNTIME_SERVICES))
1073 		efi_enter_virtual_mode();
1074 #endif
1075 	thread_stack_cache_init();
1076 	cred_init();
1077 	fork_init();
1078 	proc_caches_init();
1079 	uts_ns_init();
1080 	key_init();
1081 	security_init();
1082 	dbg_late_init();
1083 	net_ns_init();
1084 	vfs_caches_init();
1085 	pagecache_init();
1086 	signals_init();
1087 	seq_file_init();
1088 	proc_root_init();
1089 	nsfs_init();
1090 	pidfs_init();
1091 	cpuset_init();
1092 	mem_cgroup_init();
1093 	cgroup_init();
1094 	taskstats_init_early();
1095 	delayacct_init();
1096 
1097 	acpi_subsystem_init();
1098 	arch_post_acpi_subsys_init();
1099 	kcsan_init();
1100 
1101 	/* Do the rest non-__init'ed, we're now alive */
1102 	rest_init();
1103 
1104 	/*
1105 	 * Avoid stack canaries in callers of boot_init_stack_canary for gcc-10
1106 	 * and older.
1107 	 */
1108 #if !__has_attribute(__no_stack_protector__)
1109 	prevent_tail_call_optimization();
1110 #endif
1111 }
1112 
1113 /* Call all constructor functions linked into the kernel. */
do_ctors(void)1114 static void __init do_ctors(void)
1115 {
1116 /*
1117  * For UML, the constructors have already been called by the
1118  * normal setup code as it's just a normal ELF binary, so we
1119  * cannot do it again - but we do need CONFIG_CONSTRUCTORS
1120  * even on UML for modules.
1121  */
1122 #if defined(CONFIG_CONSTRUCTORS) && !defined(CONFIG_UML)
1123 	ctor_fn_t *fn = (ctor_fn_t *) __ctors_start;
1124 
1125 	for (; fn < (ctor_fn_t *) __ctors_end; fn++)
1126 		(*fn)();
1127 #endif
1128 }
1129 
1130 #ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
1131 struct blacklist_entry {
1132 	struct list_head next;
1133 	char *buf;
1134 };
1135 
1136 static __initdata_or_module LIST_HEAD(blacklisted_initcalls);
1137 
initcall_blacklist(char * str)1138 static int __init initcall_blacklist(char *str)
1139 {
1140 	char *str_entry;
1141 	struct blacklist_entry *entry;
1142 
1143 	/* str argument is a comma-separated list of functions */
1144 	do {
1145 		str_entry = strsep(&str, ",");
1146 		if (str_entry) {
1147 			pr_debug("blacklisting initcall %s\n", str_entry);
1148 			entry = memblock_alloc_or_panic(sizeof(*entry),
1149 					       SMP_CACHE_BYTES);
1150 			entry->buf = memblock_alloc_or_panic(strlen(str_entry) + 1,
1151 						    SMP_CACHE_BYTES);
1152 			strcpy(entry->buf, str_entry);
1153 			list_add(&entry->next, &blacklisted_initcalls);
1154 		}
1155 	} while (str_entry);
1156 
1157 	return 1;
1158 }
1159 
initcall_blacklisted(initcall_t fn)1160 static bool __init_or_module initcall_blacklisted(initcall_t fn)
1161 {
1162 	struct blacklist_entry *entry;
1163 	char fn_name[KSYM_SYMBOL_LEN];
1164 	unsigned long addr;
1165 
1166 	if (list_empty(&blacklisted_initcalls))
1167 		return false;
1168 
1169 	addr = (unsigned long) dereference_function_descriptor(fn);
1170 	sprint_symbol_no_offset(fn_name, addr);
1171 
1172 	/*
1173 	 * fn will be "function_name [module_name]" where [module_name] is not
1174 	 * displayed for built-in init functions.  Strip off the [module_name].
1175 	 */
1176 	strreplace(fn_name, ' ', '\0');
1177 
1178 	list_for_each_entry(entry, &blacklisted_initcalls, next) {
1179 		if (!strcmp(fn_name, entry->buf)) {
1180 			pr_debug("initcall %s blacklisted\n", fn_name);
1181 			return true;
1182 		}
1183 	}
1184 
1185 	return false;
1186 }
1187 #else
initcall_blacklist(char * str)1188 static int __init initcall_blacklist(char *str)
1189 {
1190 	pr_warn("initcall_blacklist requires CONFIG_KALLSYMS\n");
1191 	return 0;
1192 }
1193 
initcall_blacklisted(initcall_t fn)1194 static bool __init_or_module initcall_blacklisted(initcall_t fn)
1195 {
1196 	return false;
1197 }
1198 #endif
1199 __setup("initcall_blacklist=", initcall_blacklist);
1200 
1201 static __init_or_module void
trace_initcall_start_cb(void * data,initcall_t fn)1202 trace_initcall_start_cb(void *data, initcall_t fn)
1203 {
1204 	ktime_t *calltime = data;
1205 
1206 	printk(KERN_DEBUG "calling  %pS @ %i\n", fn, task_pid_nr(current));
1207 	*calltime = ktime_get();
1208 }
1209 
1210 static __init_or_module void
trace_initcall_finish_cb(void * data,initcall_t fn,int ret)1211 trace_initcall_finish_cb(void *data, initcall_t fn, int ret)
1212 {
1213 	ktime_t rettime, *calltime = data;
1214 
1215 	rettime = ktime_get();
1216 	printk(KERN_DEBUG "initcall %pS returned %d after %lld usecs\n",
1217 		 fn, ret, (unsigned long long)ktime_us_delta(rettime, *calltime));
1218 }
1219 
1220 static __init_or_module void
trace_initcall_level_cb(void * data,const char * level)1221 trace_initcall_level_cb(void *data, const char *level)
1222 {
1223 	printk(KERN_DEBUG "entering initcall level: %s\n", level);
1224 }
1225 
1226 static ktime_t initcall_calltime;
1227 
1228 #ifdef TRACEPOINTS_ENABLED
initcall_debug_enable(void)1229 static void __init initcall_debug_enable(void)
1230 {
1231 	int ret;
1232 
1233 	ret = register_trace_initcall_start(trace_initcall_start_cb,
1234 					    &initcall_calltime);
1235 	ret |= register_trace_initcall_finish(trace_initcall_finish_cb,
1236 					      &initcall_calltime);
1237 	ret |= register_trace_initcall_level(trace_initcall_level_cb, NULL);
1238 	WARN(ret, "Failed to register initcall tracepoints\n");
1239 }
1240 # define do_trace_initcall_start	trace_initcall_start
1241 # define do_trace_initcall_finish	trace_initcall_finish
1242 # define do_trace_initcall_level	trace_initcall_level
1243 #else
do_trace_initcall_start(initcall_t fn)1244 static inline void do_trace_initcall_start(initcall_t fn)
1245 {
1246 	if (!initcall_debug)
1247 		return;
1248 	trace_initcall_start_cb(&initcall_calltime, fn);
1249 }
do_trace_initcall_finish(initcall_t fn,int ret)1250 static inline void do_trace_initcall_finish(initcall_t fn, int ret)
1251 {
1252 	if (!initcall_debug)
1253 		return;
1254 	trace_initcall_finish_cb(&initcall_calltime, fn, ret);
1255 }
do_trace_initcall_level(const char * level)1256 static inline void do_trace_initcall_level(const char *level)
1257 {
1258 	if (!initcall_debug)
1259 		return;
1260 	trace_initcall_level_cb(NULL, level);
1261 }
1262 #endif /* !TRACEPOINTS_ENABLED */
1263 
do_one_initcall(initcall_t fn)1264 int __init_or_module do_one_initcall(initcall_t fn)
1265 {
1266 	int count = preempt_count();
1267 	char msgbuf[64];
1268 	int ret;
1269 
1270 	if (initcall_blacklisted(fn))
1271 		return -EPERM;
1272 
1273 	do_trace_initcall_start(fn);
1274 	ret = fn();
1275 	do_trace_initcall_finish(fn, ret);
1276 
1277 	msgbuf[0] = 0;
1278 
1279 	if (preempt_count() != count) {
1280 		sprintf(msgbuf, "preemption imbalance ");
1281 		preempt_count_set(count);
1282 	}
1283 	if (irqs_disabled()) {
1284 		strlcat(msgbuf, "disabled interrupts ", sizeof(msgbuf));
1285 		local_irq_enable();
1286 	}
1287 	WARN(msgbuf[0], "initcall %pS returned with %s\n", fn, msgbuf);
1288 
1289 	add_latent_entropy();
1290 	return ret;
1291 }
1292 
1293 
1294 static initcall_entry_t *initcall_levels[] __initdata = {
1295 	__initcall0_start,
1296 	__initcall1_start,
1297 	__initcall2_start,
1298 	__initcall3_start,
1299 	__initcall4_start,
1300 	__initcall5_start,
1301 	__initcall6_start,
1302 	__initcall7_start,
1303 	__initcall_end,
1304 };
1305 
1306 /* Keep these in sync with initcalls in include/linux/init.h */
1307 static const char *initcall_level_names[] __initdata = {
1308 	"pure",
1309 	"core",
1310 	"postcore",
1311 	"arch",
1312 	"subsys",
1313 	"fs",
1314 	"device",
1315 	"late",
1316 };
1317 
ignore_unknown_bootoption(char * param,char * val,const char * unused,void * arg)1318 static int __init ignore_unknown_bootoption(char *param, char *val,
1319 			       const char *unused, void *arg)
1320 {
1321 	return 0;
1322 }
1323 
do_initcall_level(int level,char * command_line)1324 static void __init do_initcall_level(int level, char *command_line)
1325 {
1326 	initcall_entry_t *fn;
1327 
1328 	parse_args(initcall_level_names[level],
1329 		   command_line, __start___param,
1330 		   __stop___param - __start___param,
1331 		   level, level,
1332 		   NULL, ignore_unknown_bootoption);
1333 
1334 	do_trace_initcall_level(initcall_level_names[level]);
1335 	for (fn = initcall_levels[level]; fn < initcall_levels[level+1]; fn++)
1336 		do_one_initcall(initcall_from_entry(fn));
1337 }
1338 
do_initcalls(void)1339 static void __init do_initcalls(void)
1340 {
1341 	int level;
1342 	size_t len = saved_command_line_len + 1;
1343 	char *command_line;
1344 
1345 	command_line = kzalloc(len, GFP_KERNEL);
1346 	if (!command_line)
1347 		panic("%s: Failed to allocate %zu bytes\n", __func__, len);
1348 
1349 	for (level = 0; level < ARRAY_SIZE(initcall_levels) - 1; level++) {
1350 		/* Parser modifies command_line, restore it each time */
1351 		strcpy(command_line, saved_command_line);
1352 		do_initcall_level(level, command_line);
1353 	}
1354 
1355 	kfree(command_line);
1356 }
1357 
1358 /*
1359  * Ok, the machine is now initialized. None of the devices
1360  * have been touched yet, but the CPU subsystem is up and
1361  * running, and memory and process management works.
1362  *
1363  * Now we can finally start doing some real work..
1364  */
do_basic_setup(void)1365 static void __init do_basic_setup(void)
1366 {
1367 	cpuset_init_smp();
1368 	driver_init();
1369 	init_irq_proc();
1370 	do_ctors();
1371 	do_initcalls();
1372 }
1373 
do_pre_smp_initcalls(void)1374 static void __init do_pre_smp_initcalls(void)
1375 {
1376 	initcall_entry_t *fn;
1377 
1378 	do_trace_initcall_level("early");
1379 	for (fn = __initcall_start; fn < __initcall0_start; fn++)
1380 		do_one_initcall(initcall_from_entry(fn));
1381 }
1382 
run_init_process(const char * init_filename)1383 static int run_init_process(const char *init_filename)
1384 {
1385 	const char *const *p;
1386 
1387 	argv_init[0] = init_filename;
1388 	pr_info("Run %s as init process\n", init_filename);
1389 	pr_debug("  with arguments:\n");
1390 	for (p = argv_init; *p; p++)
1391 		pr_debug("    %s\n", *p);
1392 	pr_debug("  with environment:\n");
1393 	for (p = envp_init; *p; p++)
1394 		pr_debug("    %s\n", *p);
1395 	return kernel_execve(init_filename, argv_init, envp_init);
1396 }
1397 
try_to_run_init_process(const char * init_filename)1398 static int try_to_run_init_process(const char *init_filename)
1399 {
1400 	int ret;
1401 
1402 	ret = run_init_process(init_filename);
1403 
1404 	if (ret && ret != -ENOENT) {
1405 		pr_err("Starting init: %s exists but couldn't execute it (error %d)\n",
1406 		       init_filename, ret);
1407 	}
1408 
1409 	return ret;
1410 }
1411 
1412 static noinline void __init kernel_init_freeable(void);
1413 
1414 #if defined(CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX) || defined(CONFIG_STRICT_MODULE_RWX)
1415 bool rodata_enabled __ro_after_init = true;
1416 
1417 #ifndef arch_parse_debug_rodata
arch_parse_debug_rodata(char * str)1418 static inline bool arch_parse_debug_rodata(char *str) { return false; }
1419 #endif
1420 
set_debug_rodata(char * str)1421 static int __init set_debug_rodata(char *str)
1422 {
1423 	if (arch_parse_debug_rodata(str))
1424 		return 0;
1425 
1426 	if (str && !strcmp(str, "on"))
1427 		rodata_enabled = true;
1428 	else if (str && !strcmp(str, "off"))
1429 		rodata_enabled = false;
1430 	else
1431 		pr_warn("Invalid option string for rodata: '%s'\n", str);
1432 	return 0;
1433 }
1434 early_param("rodata", set_debug_rodata);
1435 #endif
1436 
mark_readonly(void)1437 static void mark_readonly(void)
1438 {
1439 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX) && rodata_enabled) {
1440 		/*
1441 		 * load_module() results in W+X mappings, which are cleaned
1442 		 * up with init_free_wq. Let's make sure that queued work is
1443 		 * flushed so that we don't hit false positives looking for
1444 		 * insecure pages which are W+X.
1445 		 */
1446 		flush_module_init_free_work();
1447 		jump_label_init_ro();
1448 		mark_rodata_ro();
1449 		debug_checkwx();
1450 		rodata_test();
1451 	} else if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX)) {
1452 		pr_info("Kernel memory protection disabled.\n");
1453 	} else if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX)) {
1454 		pr_warn("Kernel memory protection not selected by kernel config.\n");
1455 	} else {
1456 		pr_warn("This architecture does not have kernel memory protection.\n");
1457 	}
1458 }
1459 
free_initmem(void)1460 void __weak free_initmem(void)
1461 {
1462 	free_initmem_default(POISON_FREE_INITMEM);
1463 }
1464 
kernel_init(void * unused)1465 static int __ref kernel_init(void *unused)
1466 {
1467 	int ret;
1468 
1469 	/*
1470 	 * Wait until kthreadd is all set-up.
1471 	 */
1472 	wait_for_completion(&kthreadd_done);
1473 
1474 	kernel_init_freeable();
1475 	/* need to finish all async __init code before freeing the memory */
1476 	async_synchronize_full();
1477 
1478 	system_state = SYSTEM_FREEING_INITMEM;
1479 	kprobe_free_init_mem();
1480 	ftrace_free_init_mem();
1481 	kgdb_free_init_mem();
1482 	exit_boot_config();
1483 	free_initmem();
1484 	mark_readonly();
1485 
1486 	/*
1487 	 * Kernel mappings are now finalized - update the userspace page-table
1488 	 * to finalize PTI.
1489 	 */
1490 	pti_finalize();
1491 
1492 	system_state = SYSTEM_RUNNING;
1493 	numa_default_policy();
1494 
1495 	rcu_end_inkernel_boot();
1496 
1497 	do_sysctl_args();
1498 
1499 	if (ramdisk_execute_command) {
1500 		ret = run_init_process(ramdisk_execute_command);
1501 		if (!ret)
1502 			return 0;
1503 		pr_err("Failed to execute %s (error %d)\n",
1504 		       ramdisk_execute_command, ret);
1505 	}
1506 
1507 	/*
1508 	 * We try each of these until one succeeds.
1509 	 *
1510 	 * The Bourne shell can be used instead of init if we are
1511 	 * trying to recover a really broken machine.
1512 	 */
1513 	if (execute_command) {
1514 		ret = run_init_process(execute_command);
1515 		if (!ret)
1516 			return 0;
1517 		panic("Requested init %s failed (error %d).",
1518 		      execute_command, ret);
1519 	}
1520 
1521 	if (CONFIG_DEFAULT_INIT[0] != '\0') {
1522 		ret = run_init_process(CONFIG_DEFAULT_INIT);
1523 		if (ret)
1524 			pr_err("Default init %s failed (error %d)\n",
1525 			       CONFIG_DEFAULT_INIT, ret);
1526 		else
1527 			return 0;
1528 	}
1529 
1530 	if (!try_to_run_init_process("/sbin/init") ||
1531 	    !try_to_run_init_process("/etc/init") ||
1532 	    !try_to_run_init_process("/bin/init") ||
1533 	    !try_to_run_init_process("/bin/sh"))
1534 		return 0;
1535 
1536 	panic("No working init found.  Try passing init= option to kernel. "
1537 	      "See Linux Documentation/admin-guide/init.rst for guidance.");
1538 }
1539 
1540 /* Open /dev/console, for stdin/stdout/stderr, this should never fail */
console_on_rootfs(void)1541 void __init console_on_rootfs(void)
1542 {
1543 	struct file *file = filp_open("/dev/console", O_RDWR, 0);
1544 
1545 	if (IS_ERR(file)) {
1546 		pr_err("Warning: unable to open an initial console.\n");
1547 		return;
1548 	}
1549 	init_dup(file);
1550 	init_dup(file);
1551 	init_dup(file);
1552 	fput(file);
1553 }
1554 
kernel_init_freeable(void)1555 static noinline void __init kernel_init_freeable(void)
1556 {
1557 	/* Now the scheduler is fully set up and can do blocking allocations */
1558 	gfp_allowed_mask = __GFP_BITS_MASK;
1559 
1560 	/*
1561 	 * init can allocate pages on any node
1562 	 */
1563 	set_mems_allowed(node_states[N_MEMORY]);
1564 
1565 	cad_pid = get_pid(task_pid(current));
1566 
1567 	smp_prepare_cpus(setup_max_cpus);
1568 
1569 	workqueue_init();
1570 
1571 	init_mm_internals();
1572 
1573 	do_pre_smp_initcalls();
1574 	lockup_detector_init();
1575 
1576 	smp_init();
1577 	sched_init_smp();
1578 
1579 	workqueue_init_topology();
1580 	async_init();
1581 	padata_init();
1582 	page_alloc_init_late();
1583 
1584 	do_basic_setup();
1585 
1586 	kunit_run_all_tests();
1587 
1588 	wait_for_initramfs();
1589 	console_on_rootfs();
1590 
1591 	/*
1592 	 * check if there is an early userspace init.  If yes, let it do all
1593 	 * the work
1594 	 */
1595 	if (init_eaccess(ramdisk_execute_command) != 0) {
1596 		ramdisk_execute_command = NULL;
1597 		prepare_namespace();
1598 	}
1599 
1600 	/*
1601 	 * Ok, we have completed the initial bootup, and
1602 	 * we're essentially up and running. Get rid of the
1603 	 * initmem segments and start the user-mode stuff..
1604 	 *
1605 	 * rootfs is available now, try loading the public keys
1606 	 * and default modules
1607 	 */
1608 
1609 	integrity_load_keys();
1610 }
1611