1 /*-
2 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
3 *
4 * Copyright (C) 1992-1994,2001 by Joerg Wunsch, Dresden
5 * All rights reserved.
6 *
7 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9 * are met:
10 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15 *
16 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR(S) ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
17 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
18 * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
19 * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
20 * INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
21 * (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
22 * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
23 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
24 * STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
25 * ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
26 * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
27 */
28
29 #include <sys/types.h>
30 #include <sys/fdcio.h>
31 #include <sys/stat.h>
32
33 #include <ctype.h>
34 #include <err.h>
35 #include <errno.h>
36 #include <fcntl.h>
37 #include <paths.h>
38 #include <stdio.h>
39 #include <stdlib.h>
40 #include <string.h>
41 #include <strings.h>
42 #include <sysexits.h>
43 #include <unistd.h>
44
45 #include "fdutil.h"
46
47 static void
format_track(int fd,int cyl,int secs,int head,int rate,int gaplen,int secsize,int fill,int interleave,int offset)48 format_track(int fd, int cyl, int secs, int head, int rate,
49 int gaplen, int secsize, int fill, int interleave,
50 int offset)
51 {
52 struct fd_formb f;
53 int i, j, il[FD_MAX_NSEC + 1];
54
55 memset(il, 0, sizeof il);
56 for(j = 0, i = 1 + offset; i <= secs + offset; i++) {
57 while(il[(j % secs) + 1])
58 j++;
59 il[(j % secs) + 1] = i;
60 j += interleave;
61 }
62
63 f.format_version = FD_FORMAT_VERSION;
64 f.head = head;
65 f.cyl = cyl;
66 f.transfer_rate = rate;
67
68 f.fd_formb_secshift = secsize;
69 f.fd_formb_nsecs = secs;
70 f.fd_formb_gaplen = gaplen;
71 f.fd_formb_fillbyte = fill;
72 for(i = 0; i < secs; i++) {
73 f.fd_formb_cylno(i) = cyl;
74 f.fd_formb_headno(i) = head;
75 f.fd_formb_secno(i) = il[i+1];
76 f.fd_formb_secsize(i) = secsize;
77 }
78 (void)ioctl(fd, FD_FORM, (caddr_t)&f);
79 }
80
81 static int
verify_track(int fd,int track,int tracksize)82 verify_track(int fd, int track, int tracksize)
83 {
84 static char *buf;
85 static int bufsz;
86 int fdopts = -1, ofdopts, rv = 0;
87
88 if (ioctl(fd, FD_GOPTS, &fdopts) < 0)
89 warn("warning: ioctl(FD_GOPTS)");
90 else {
91 ofdopts = fdopts;
92 fdopts |= FDOPT_NORETRY;
93 (void)ioctl(fd, FD_SOPTS, &fdopts);
94 }
95
96 if (bufsz < tracksize)
97 buf = realloc(buf, bufsz = tracksize);
98 if (buf == NULL)
99 errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "out of memory");
100 if (lseek (fd, (long) track * tracksize, 0) < 0)
101 rv = -1;
102 /* try twice reading it, without using the normal retrier */
103 else if (read (fd, buf, tracksize) != tracksize
104 && read (fd, buf, tracksize) != tracksize)
105 rv = -1;
106 if (fdopts != -1)
107 (void)ioctl(fd, FD_SOPTS, &ofdopts);
108 return (rv);
109 }
110
111 static void
usage(void)112 usage (void)
113 {
114 errx(EX_USAGE,
115 "usage: fdformat [-F fill] [-f fmt] [-s fmtstr] [-nqvy] device");
116 }
117
118 static int
yes(void)119 yes (void)
120 {
121 char reply[256], *p;
122
123 reply[sizeof(reply) - 1] = 0;
124 for (;;) {
125 fflush(stdout);
126 if (!fgets (reply, sizeof(reply) - 1, stdin))
127 return (0);
128 for (p=reply; *p==' ' || *p=='\t'; ++p)
129 continue;
130 if (*p=='y' || *p=='Y')
131 return (1);
132 if (*p=='n' || *p=='N' || *p=='\n' || *p=='\r')
133 return (0);
134 printf("Answer `yes' or `no': ");
135 }
136 }
137
138 int
main(int argc,char ** argv)139 main(int argc, char **argv)
140 {
141 enum fd_drivetype type;
142 struct fd_type fdt, newft, *fdtp;
143 struct stat sb;
144 #define MAXPRINTERRS 10
145 struct fdc_status fdcs[MAXPRINTERRS];
146 int format, fill, quiet, verify, verify_only, confirm;
147 int fd, c, i, track, error, tracks_per_dot, bytes_per_track, errs;
148 int flags;
149 char *fmtstring, *device;
150 const char *name, *descr;
151
152 format = quiet = verify_only = confirm = 0;
153 verify = 1;
154 fill = 0xf6;
155 fmtstring = 0;
156
157 while((c = getopt(argc, argv, "F:f:nqs:vy")) != -1)
158 switch(c) {
159 case 'F': /* fill byte */
160 if (getnum(optarg, &fill)) {
161 fprintf(stderr,
162 "Bad argument %s to -F option; must be numeric\n",
163 optarg);
164 usage();
165 }
166 break;
167
168 case 'f': /* format in kilobytes */
169 if (getnum(optarg, &format)) {
170 fprintf(stderr,
171 "Bad argument %s to -f option; must be numeric\n",
172 optarg);
173 usage();
174 }
175 break;
176
177 case 'n': /* don't verify */
178 verify = 0;
179 break;
180
181 case 'q': /* quiet */
182 quiet = 1;
183 break;
184
185 case 's': /* format string with detailed options */
186 fmtstring = optarg;
187 break;
188
189 case 'v': /* verify only */
190 verify = 1;
191 verify_only = 1;
192 break;
193
194 case 'y': /* confirm */
195 confirm = 1;
196 break;
197
198 default:
199 usage();
200 }
201
202 if(optind != argc - 1)
203 usage();
204
205 if (stat(argv[optind], &sb) == -1 && errno == ENOENT) {
206 /* try prepending _PATH_DEV */
207 device = malloc(strlen(argv[optind]) + sizeof(_PATH_DEV) + 1);
208 if (device == NULL)
209 errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "out of memory");
210 strcpy(device, _PATH_DEV);
211 strcat(device, argv[optind]);
212 if (stat(device, &sb) == -1) {
213 free(device);
214 device = argv[optind]; /* let it fail below */
215 }
216 } else {
217 device = argv[optind];
218 }
219
220 if ((fd = open(device, O_RDWR | O_NONBLOCK)) < 0)
221 err(EX_OSERR, "open(%s)", device);
222
223 /*
224 * Device initialization.
225 *
226 * First, get the device type descriptor. This tells us about
227 * the media geometry data we need to format a medium. It also
228 * lets us know quickly whether the device name actually points
229 * to a floppy disk drive.
230 *
231 * Then, obtain any drive options. We're mainly interested to
232 * see whether we're currently working on a device with media
233 * density autoselection (FDOPT_AUTOSEL). Then, we add the
234 * device option to tell the kernel not to log media errors,
235 * since we can handle them ourselves. If the device does
236 * media density autoselection, we then need to set the device
237 * type appropriately, since by opening with O_NONBLOCK we
238 * told the driver to bypass media autoselection (otherwise we
239 * wouldn't stand a chance to format an unformatted or damaged
240 * medium). We do not attempt to set the media type on any
241 * other devices since this is a privileged operation. For the
242 * same reason, specifying -f and -s options is only possible
243 * for autoselecting devices.
244 *
245 * Finally, we are ready to turn off O_NONBLOCK, and start to
246 * actually format something.
247 */
248 if(ioctl(fd, FD_GTYPE, &fdt) < 0)
249 errx(EX_OSERR, "not a floppy disk: %s", device);
250 if (ioctl(fd, FD_GDTYPE, &type) == -1)
251 err(EX_OSERR, "ioctl(FD_GDTYPE)");
252 if (format) {
253 getname(type, &name, &descr);
254 fdtp = get_fmt(format, type);
255 if (fdtp == NULL)
256 errx(EX_USAGE,
257 "unknown format %d KB for drive type %s",
258 format, name);
259 fdt = *fdtp;
260 }
261 if (fmtstring) {
262 parse_fmt(fmtstring, type, fdt, &newft);
263 fdt = newft;
264 }
265 if (ioctl(fd, FD_STYPE, &fdt) < 0)
266 err(EX_OSERR, "ioctl(FD_STYPE)");
267 if ((flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL, 0)) == -1)
268 err(EX_OSERR, "fcntl(F_GETFL)");
269 flags &= ~O_NONBLOCK;
270 if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, flags) == -1)
271 err(EX_OSERR, "fcntl(F_SETFL)");
272
273 bytes_per_track = fdt.sectrac * (128 << fdt.secsize);
274
275 /* XXX 20/40 = 0.5 */
276 tracks_per_dot = (fdt.tracks * fdt.heads + 20) / 40;
277
278 if (verify_only) {
279 if(!quiet)
280 printf("Verify %dK floppy `%s'.\n",
281 fdt.tracks * fdt.heads * bytes_per_track / 1024,
282 device);
283 }
284 else if(!quiet && !confirm) {
285 printf("Format %dK floppy `%s'? (y/n): ",
286 fdt.tracks * fdt.heads * bytes_per_track / 1024,
287 device);
288 if(!yes()) {
289 printf("Not confirmed.\n");
290 return (EX_UNAVAILABLE);
291 }
292 }
293
294 /*
295 * Formatting.
296 */
297 if(!quiet) {
298 printf("Processing ");
299 for (i = 0; i < (fdt.tracks * fdt.heads) / tracks_per_dot; i++)
300 putchar('-');
301 printf("\rProcessing ");
302 fflush(stdout);
303 }
304
305 error = errs = 0;
306
307 for (track = 0; track < fdt.tracks * fdt.heads; track++) {
308 if (!verify_only) {
309 format_track(fd, track / fdt.heads, fdt.sectrac,
310 track % fdt.heads, fdt.trans, fdt.f_gap,
311 fdt.secsize, fill, fdt.f_inter,
312 track % fdt.heads? fdt.offset_side2: 0);
313 if(!quiet && !((track + 1) % tracks_per_dot)) {
314 putchar('F');
315 fflush(stdout);
316 }
317 }
318 if (verify) {
319 if (verify_track(fd, track, bytes_per_track) < 0) {
320 error = 1;
321 if (errs < MAXPRINTERRS && errno == EIO) {
322 if (ioctl(fd, FD_GSTAT, fdcs + errs) ==
323 -1)
324 errx(EX_IOERR,
325 "floppy IO error, but no FDC status");
326 errs++;
327 }
328 }
329 if(!quiet && !((track + 1) % tracks_per_dot)) {
330 if (!verify_only)
331 putchar('\b');
332 if (error) {
333 putchar('E');
334 error = 0;
335 }
336 else
337 putchar('V');
338 fflush(stdout);
339 }
340 }
341 }
342 if(!quiet)
343 printf(" done.\n");
344
345 if (!quiet && errs) {
346 fflush(stdout);
347 fprintf(stderr, "Errors encountered:\nCyl Head Sect Error\n");
348 for (i = 0; i < errs && i < MAXPRINTERRS; i++) {
349 fprintf(stderr, " %2d %2d %2d ",
350 fdcs[i].status[3], fdcs[i].status[4],
351 fdcs[i].status[5]);
352 printstatus(fdcs + i, 1);
353 putc('\n', stderr);
354 }
355 if (errs >= MAXPRINTERRS)
356 fprintf(stderr, "(Further errors not printed.)\n");
357 }
358
359 return errs != 0;
360 }
361