xref: /freebsd/sbin/mdmfs/mdmfs.c (revision 5b21d4ad060acb06c72e0458daebec9bcbf0cefd)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2001 Dima Dorfman.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
17  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
19  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
20  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
21  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
22  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
23  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
24  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
25  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
26  * SUCH DAMAGE.
27  */
28 
29 /*
30  * mdmfs (md/MFS) is a wrapper around mdconfig(8),
31  * newfs(8), and mount(8) that mimics the command line option set of
32  * the deprecated mount_mfs(8).
33  */
34 
35 #include <sys/param.h>
36 #include <sys/linker.h>
37 #include <sys/mdioctl.h>
38 #include <sys/module.h>
39 #include <sys/mount.h>
40 #include <sys/stat.h>
41 #include <sys/wait.h>
42 
43 #include <assert.h>
44 #include <err.h>
45 #include <errno.h>
46 #include <fcntl.h>
47 #include <grp.h>
48 #include <inttypes.h>
49 #include <paths.h>
50 #include <pwd.h>
51 #include <stdarg.h>
52 #include <stdio.h>
53 #include <stdlib.h>
54 #include <string.h>
55 #include <ctype.h>
56 #include <unistd.h>
57 
58 typedef enum { false, true } bool;
59 
60 struct mtpt_info {
61 	uid_t		 mi_uid;
62 	bool		 mi_have_uid;
63 	gid_t		 mi_gid;
64 	bool		 mi_have_gid;
65 	mode_t		 mi_mode;
66 	bool		 mi_have_mode;
67 	bool		 mi_forced_pw;
68 };
69 
70 static	bool debug;		/* Emit debugging information? */
71 static	bool loudsubs;		/* Suppress output from helper programs? */
72 static	bool norun;		/* Actually run the helper programs? */
73 static	int unit;      		/* The unit we're working with. */
74 static	const char *mdname;	/* Name of memory disk device (e.g., "md"). */
75 static	const char *mdsuffix;	/* Suffix of memory disk device (e.g., ".uzip"). */
76 static	size_t mdnamelen;	/* Length of mdname. */
77 static	const char *path_mdconfig =_PATH_MDCONFIG;
78 
79 static void	 argappend(char **, const char *, ...) __printflike(2, 3);
80 static void	 debugprintf(const char *, ...) __printflike(1, 2);
81 static void	 do_mdconfig_attach(const char *, const enum md_types);
82 static void	 do_mdconfig_attach_au(const char *, const enum md_types);
83 static void	 do_mdconfig_detach(void);
84 static void	 do_mount_md(const char *, const char *);
85 static void	 do_mount_tmpfs(const char *, const char *);
86 static void	 do_mtptsetup(const char *, struct mtpt_info *);
87 static void	 do_newfs(const char *);
88 static void	 do_copy(const char *, const char *);
89 static void	 extract_ugid(const char *, struct mtpt_info *);
90 static int	 run(int *, const char *, ...) __printflike(2, 3);
91 static const char *run_exitstr(int);
92 static int	 run_exitnumber(int);
93 static void	 usage(void);
94 
95 int
main(int argc,char ** argv)96 main(int argc, char **argv)
97 {
98 	struct mtpt_info mi;		/* Mountpoint info. */
99 	intmax_t mdsize;
100 	char *mdconfig_arg, *newfs_arg,	/* Args to helper programs. */
101 	    *mount_arg;
102 	enum md_types mdtype;		/* The type of our memory disk. */
103 	bool have_mdtype, mlmac;
104 	bool detach, softdep, autounit, newfs;
105 	const char *mtpoint, *size_arg, *skel, *unitstr;
106 	char *p;
107 	int ch, idx, rv;
108 	void *set;
109 	unsigned long ul;
110 
111 	/* Misc. initialization. */
112 	(void)memset(&mi, '\0', sizeof(mi));
113 	detach = true;
114 	softdep = true;
115 	autounit = false;
116 	mlmac = false;
117 	newfs = true;
118 	have_mdtype = false;
119 	skel = NULL;
120 	mdtype = MD_SWAP;
121 	mdname = MD_NAME;
122 	mdnamelen = strlen(mdname);
123 	mdsize = 0;
124 	/*
125 	 * Can't set these to NULL.  They may be passed to the
126 	 * respective programs without modification.  I.e., we may not
127 	 * receive any command-line options which will caused them to
128 	 * be modified.
129 	 */
130 	mdconfig_arg = strdup("");
131 	newfs_arg = strdup("");
132 	mount_arg = strdup("");
133 	size_arg = NULL;
134 
135 	/* If we were started as mount_mfs or mfs, imply -C. */
136 	if (strcmp(getprogname(), "mount_mfs") == 0 ||
137 	    strcmp(getprogname(), "mfs") == 0) {
138 		/* Make compatibility assumptions. */
139 		mi.mi_mode = 01777;
140 		mi.mi_have_mode = true;
141 	}
142 
143 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv,
144 	    "a:b:Cc:Dd:E:e:F:f:hi:k:LlMm:NnO:o:Pp:Ss:tT:Uv:w:X")) != -1)
145 		switch (ch) {
146 		case 'a':
147 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-a %s", optarg);
148 			break;
149 		case 'b':
150 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-b %s", optarg);
151 			break;
152 		case 'C':
153 			/* Ignored for compatibility. */
154 			break;
155 		case 'c':
156 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-c %s", optarg);
157 			break;
158 		case 'D':
159 			detach = false;
160 			break;
161 		case 'd':
162 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-d %s", optarg);
163 			break;
164 		case 'E':
165 			path_mdconfig = optarg;
166 			break;
167 		case 'e':
168 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-e %s", optarg);
169 			break;
170 		case 'F':
171 			if (have_mdtype)
172 				usage();
173 			mdtype = MD_VNODE;
174 			have_mdtype = true;
175 			argappend(&mdconfig_arg, "-f %s", optarg);
176 			break;
177 		case 'f':
178 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-f %s", optarg);
179 			break;
180 		case 'h':
181 			usage();
182 			break;
183 		case 'i':
184 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-i %s", optarg);
185 			break;
186 		case 'k':
187 			skel = optarg;
188 			break;
189 		case 'L':
190 			loudsubs = true;
191 			break;
192 		case 'l':
193 			mlmac = true;
194 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-l");
195 			break;
196 		case 'M':
197 			if (have_mdtype)
198 				usage();
199 			mdtype = MD_MALLOC;
200 			have_mdtype = true;
201 			argappend(&mdconfig_arg, "-o reserve");
202 			break;
203 		case 'm':
204 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-m %s", optarg);
205 			break;
206 		case 'N':
207 			norun = true;
208 			break;
209 		case 'n':
210 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-n");
211 			break;
212 		case 'O':
213 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-o %s", optarg);
214 			break;
215 		case 'o':
216 			argappend(&mount_arg, "-o %s", optarg);
217 			break;
218 		case 'P':
219 			newfs = false;
220 			break;
221 		case 'p':
222 			if ((set = setmode(optarg)) == NULL)
223 				usage();
224 			mi.mi_mode = getmode(set, S_IRWXU | S_IRWXG | S_IRWXO);
225 			mi.mi_have_mode = true;
226 			mi.mi_forced_pw = true;
227 			free(set);
228 			break;
229 		case 'S':
230 			softdep = false;
231 			break;
232 		case 's':
233 			size_arg = optarg;
234 			break;
235 		case 't':
236 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-t");
237 			break;
238 		case 'T':
239 			argappend(&mount_arg, "-t %s", optarg);
240 			break;
241 		case 'U':
242 			softdep = true;
243 			break;
244 		case 'v':
245 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-O %s", optarg);
246 			break;
247 		case 'w':
248 			extract_ugid(optarg, &mi);
249 			mi.mi_forced_pw = true;
250 			break;
251 		case 'X':
252 			debug = true;
253 			break;
254 		default:
255 			usage();
256 		}
257 	argc -= optind;
258 	argv += optind;
259 	if (argc < 2)
260 		usage();
261 
262 	/*
263 	 * Historically our size arg was passed directly to mdconfig, which
264 	 * treats a number without a suffix as a count of 512-byte sectors;
265 	 * tmpfs would treat it as a count of bytes.  To get predictable
266 	 * behavior for 'auto' we document that the size always uses mdconfig
267 	 * rules.  To make that work, decode the size here so it can be passed
268 	 * to either tmpfs or mdconfig as a count of bytes.
269 	 */
270 	if (size_arg != NULL) {
271 		mdsize = (intmax_t)strtoumax(size_arg, &p, 0);
272 		if (p == size_arg || (p[0] != 0 && p[1] != 0) || mdsize < 0)
273 			errx(1, "invalid size '%s'", size_arg);
274 		switch (*p) {
275 		case 'p':
276 		case 'P':
277 			mdsize *= 1024;
278 		case 't':
279 		case 'T':
280 			mdsize *= 1024;
281 		case 'g':
282 		case 'G':
283 			mdsize *= 1024;
284 		case 'm':
285 		case 'M':
286 			mdsize *= 1024;
287 		case 'k':
288 		case 'K':
289 			mdsize *= 1024;
290 		case 'b':
291 		case 'B':
292 			break;
293 		case '\0':
294 			mdsize *= 512;
295 			break;
296 		default:
297 			errx(1, "invalid size suffix on '%s'", size_arg);
298 		}
299 	}
300 
301 	/*
302 	 * Based on the command line 'md-device' either mount a tmpfs filesystem
303 	 * or configure the md device then format and mount a filesystem on it.
304 	 * If the device is 'auto' use tmpfs if it is available and there is no
305 	 * request for multilabel MAC (which tmpfs does not support).
306 	 */
307 	unitstr = argv[0];
308 	mtpoint = argv[1];
309 
310 	if (strcmp(unitstr, "auto") == 0) {
311 		if (mlmac)
312 			idx = -1; /* Must use md for mlmac. */
313 		else if ((idx = modfind("tmpfs")) == -1)
314 			idx = kldload("tmpfs");
315 		if (idx == -1)
316 			unitstr = "md";
317 		else
318 			unitstr = "tmpfs";
319 	}
320 
321 	if (strcmp(unitstr, "tmpfs") == 0) {
322 		if (size_arg != NULL && mdsize != 0)
323 			argappend(&mount_arg, "-o size=%jd", mdsize);
324 		do_mount_tmpfs(mount_arg, mtpoint);
325 	} else {
326 		if (size_arg != NULL)
327 			argappend(&mdconfig_arg, "-s %jdB", mdsize);
328 		if (strncmp(unitstr, "/dev/", 5) == 0)
329 			unitstr += 5;
330 		if (strncmp(unitstr, mdname, mdnamelen) == 0)
331 			unitstr += mdnamelen;
332 		if (!isdigit(*unitstr)) {
333 			autounit = true;
334 			unit = -1;
335 			mdsuffix = unitstr;
336 		} else {
337 			ul = strtoul(unitstr, &p, 10);
338 			if (ul == ULONG_MAX)
339 				errx(1, "bad device unit: %s", unitstr);
340 			unit = ul;
341 			mdsuffix = p;	/* can be empty */
342 		}
343 
344 		if (!have_mdtype)
345 			mdtype = MD_SWAP;
346 		if (softdep)
347 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-U");
348 		if (mdtype != MD_VNODE && !newfs)
349 			errx(1, "-P requires a vnode-backed disk");
350 
351 		/* Do the work. */
352 		if (detach && !autounit)
353 			do_mdconfig_detach();
354 		if (autounit)
355 			do_mdconfig_attach_au(mdconfig_arg, mdtype);
356 		else
357 			do_mdconfig_attach(mdconfig_arg, mdtype);
358 		if (newfs)
359 			do_newfs(newfs_arg);
360 		if (!softdep) {
361 			rv = run(NULL, "%s %s /dev/%s%d", _PATH_TUNEFS,
362 			    "-n disable", mdname, unit);
363 			if (rv)
364 				errx(1, "tunefs exited %s %d", run_exitstr(rv),
365 				    run_exitnumber(rv));
366 		}
367 		do_mount_md(mount_arg, mtpoint);
368 	}
369 
370 	do_mtptsetup(mtpoint, &mi);
371 	if (skel != NULL)
372 		do_copy(mtpoint, skel);
373 
374 	return (0);
375 }
376 
377 /*
378  * Append the expansion of 'fmt' to the buffer pointed to by '*dstp';
379  * reallocate as required.
380  */
381 static void
argappend(char ** dstp,const char * fmt,...)382 argappend(char **dstp, const char *fmt, ...)
383 {
384 	char *old, *new;
385 	va_list ap;
386 
387 	old = *dstp;
388 	assert(old != NULL);
389 
390 	va_start(ap, fmt);
391 	if (vasprintf(&new, fmt,ap) == -1)
392 		errx(1, "vasprintf");
393 	va_end(ap);
394 
395 	*dstp = new;
396 	if (asprintf(&new, "%s %s", old, new) == -1)
397 		errx(1, "asprintf");
398 	free(*dstp);
399 	free(old);
400 
401 	*dstp = new;
402 }
403 
404 /*
405  * If run-time debugging is enabled, print the expansion of 'fmt'.
406  * Otherwise, do nothing.
407  */
408 static void
debugprintf(const char * fmt,...)409 debugprintf(const char *fmt, ...)
410 {
411 	va_list ap;
412 
413 	if (!debug)
414 		return;
415 	fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: ");
416 	va_start(ap, fmt);
417 	vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
418 	va_end(ap);
419 	fprintf(stderr, "\n");
420 	fflush(stderr);
421 }
422 
423 /*
424  * Attach a memory disk with a known unit.
425  */
426 static void
do_mdconfig_attach(const char * args,const enum md_types mdtype)427 do_mdconfig_attach(const char *args, const enum md_types mdtype)
428 {
429 	int rv;
430 	const char *ta;		/* Type arg. */
431 
432 	switch (mdtype) {
433 	case MD_SWAP:
434 		ta = "-t swap";
435 		break;
436 	case MD_VNODE:
437 		ta = "-t vnode";
438 		break;
439 	case MD_MALLOC:
440 		ta = "-t malloc";
441 		break;
442 	default:
443 		abort();
444 	}
445 	rv = run(NULL, "%s -a %s%s -u %s%d", path_mdconfig, ta, args,
446 	    mdname, unit);
447 	if (rv)
448 		errx(1, "mdconfig (attach) exited %s %d", run_exitstr(rv),
449 		    run_exitnumber(rv));
450 }
451 
452 /*
453  * Attach a memory disk with an unknown unit; use autounit.
454  */
455 static void
do_mdconfig_attach_au(const char * args,const enum md_types mdtype)456 do_mdconfig_attach_au(const char *args, const enum md_types mdtype)
457 {
458 	const char *ta;		/* Type arg. */
459 	char *linep;
460 	char linebuf[12];	/* 32-bit unit (10) + '\n' (1) + '\0' (1) */
461 	int fd;			/* Standard output of mdconfig invocation. */
462 	FILE *sfd;
463 	int rv;
464 	char *p;
465 	size_t linelen;
466 	unsigned long ul;
467 
468 	switch (mdtype) {
469 	case MD_SWAP:
470 		ta = "-t swap";
471 		break;
472 	case MD_VNODE:
473 		ta = "-t vnode";
474 		break;
475 	case MD_MALLOC:
476 		ta = "-t malloc";
477 		break;
478 	default:
479 		abort();
480 	}
481 	rv = run(&fd, "%s -a %s%s", path_mdconfig, ta, args);
482 	if (rv)
483 		errx(1, "mdconfig (attach) exited %s %d", run_exitstr(rv),
484 		    run_exitnumber(rv));
485 
486 	/* Receive the unit number. */
487 	if (norun) {	/* Since we didn't run, we can't read.  Fake it. */
488 		unit = 0;
489 		return;
490 	}
491 	sfd = fdopen(fd, "r");
492 	if (sfd == NULL)
493 		err(1, "fdopen");
494 	linep = fgetln(sfd, &linelen);
495 	/* If the output format changes, we want to know about it. */
496 	if (linep == NULL || linelen <= mdnamelen + 1 ||
497 	    linelen - mdnamelen >= sizeof(linebuf) ||
498 	    strncmp(linep, mdname, mdnamelen) != 0)
499 		errx(1, "unexpected output from mdconfig (attach)");
500 	linep += mdnamelen;
501 	linelen -= mdnamelen;
502 	/* Can't use strlcpy because linep is not NULL-terminated. */
503 	strncpy(linebuf, linep, linelen);
504 	linebuf[linelen] = '\0';
505 	ul = strtoul(linebuf, &p, 10);
506 	if (ul == ULONG_MAX || *p != '\n')
507 		errx(1, "unexpected output from mdconfig (attach)");
508 	unit = ul;
509 
510 	fclose(sfd);
511 }
512 
513 /*
514  * Detach a memory disk.
515  */
516 static void
do_mdconfig_detach(void)517 do_mdconfig_detach(void)
518 {
519 	int rv;
520 
521 	rv = run(NULL, "%s -d -u %s%d", path_mdconfig, mdname, unit);
522 	if (rv && debug)	/* This is allowed to fail. */
523 		warnx("mdconfig (detach) exited %s %d (ignored)",
524 		    run_exitstr(rv), run_exitnumber(rv));
525 }
526 
527 /*
528  * Mount the configured memory disk.
529  */
530 static void
do_mount_md(const char * args,const char * mtpoint)531 do_mount_md(const char *args, const char *mtpoint)
532 {
533 	int rv;
534 
535 	rv = run(NULL, "%s%s /dev/%s%d%s %s", _PATH_MOUNT, args,
536 	    mdname, unit, mdsuffix, mtpoint);
537 	if (rv)
538 		errx(1, "mount exited %s %d", run_exitstr(rv),
539 		    run_exitnumber(rv));
540 }
541 
542 /*
543  * Mount the configured tmpfs.
544  */
545 static void
do_mount_tmpfs(const char * args,const char * mtpoint)546 do_mount_tmpfs(const char *args, const char *mtpoint)
547 {
548 	int rv;
549 
550 	rv = run(NULL, "%s -t tmpfs %s tmp %s", _PATH_MOUNT, args, mtpoint);
551 	if (rv)
552 		errx(1, "tmpfs mount exited %s %d", run_exitstr(rv),
553 		    run_exitnumber(rv));
554 }
555 
556 /*
557  * Various configuration of the mountpoint.  Mostly, enact 'mip'.
558  */
559 static void
do_mtptsetup(const char * mtpoint,struct mtpt_info * mip)560 do_mtptsetup(const char *mtpoint, struct mtpt_info *mip)
561 {
562 	struct statfs sfs;
563 
564 	if (!mip->mi_have_mode && !mip->mi_have_uid && !mip->mi_have_gid)
565 		return;
566 
567 	if (!norun) {
568 		if (statfs(mtpoint, &sfs) == -1) {
569 			warn("statfs: %s", mtpoint);
570 			return;
571 		}
572 		if ((sfs.f_flags & MNT_RDONLY) != 0) {
573 			if (mip->mi_forced_pw) {
574 				warnx(
575 	"Not changing mode/owner of %s since it is read-only",
576 				    mtpoint);
577 			} else {
578 				debugprintf(
579 	"Not changing mode/owner of %s since it is read-only",
580 				    mtpoint);
581 			}
582 			return;
583 		}
584 	}
585 
586 	if (mip->mi_have_mode) {
587 		debugprintf("changing mode of %s to %o.", mtpoint,
588 		    mip->mi_mode);
589 		if (!norun)
590 			if (chmod(mtpoint, mip->mi_mode) == -1)
591 				err(1, "chmod: %s", mtpoint);
592 	}
593 	/*
594 	 * We have to do these separately because the user may have
595 	 * only specified one of them.
596 	 */
597 	if (mip->mi_have_uid) {
598 		debugprintf("changing owner (user) or %s to %u.", mtpoint,
599 		    mip->mi_uid);
600 		if (!norun)
601 			if (chown(mtpoint, mip->mi_uid, -1) == -1)
602 				err(1, "chown %s to %u (user)", mtpoint,
603 				    mip->mi_uid);
604 	}
605 	if (mip->mi_have_gid) {
606 		debugprintf("changing owner (group) or %s to %u.", mtpoint,
607 		    mip->mi_gid);
608 		if (!norun)
609 			if (chown(mtpoint, -1, mip->mi_gid) == -1)
610 				err(1, "chown %s to %u (group)", mtpoint,
611 				    mip->mi_gid);
612 	}
613 }
614 
615 /*
616  * Put a file system on the memory disk.
617  */
618 static void
do_newfs(const char * args)619 do_newfs(const char *args)
620 {
621 	int rv;
622 
623 	rv = run(NULL, "%s%s /dev/%s%d", _PATH_NEWFS, args, mdname, unit);
624 	if (rv)
625 		errx(1, "newfs exited %s %d", run_exitstr(rv),
626 		    run_exitnumber(rv));
627 }
628 
629 
630 /*
631  * Copy skel into the mountpoint.
632  */
633 static void
do_copy(const char * mtpoint,const char * skel)634 do_copy(const char *mtpoint, const char *skel)
635 {
636 	int rv;
637 
638 	rv = chdir(skel);
639 	if (rv != 0)
640 		err(1, "chdir to %s", skel);
641 	rv = run(NULL, "/bin/pax -rw -pe . %s", mtpoint);
642 	if (rv != 0)
643 		errx(1, "skel copy failed");
644 }
645 
646 /*
647  * 'str' should be a user and group name similar to the last argument
648  * to chown(1); i.e., a user, followed by a colon, followed by a
649  * group.  The user and group in 'str' may be either a [ug]id or a
650  * name.  Upon return, the uid and gid fields in 'mip' will contain
651  * the uid and gid of the user and group name in 'str', respectively.
652  *
653  * In other words, this derives a user and group id from a string
654  * formatted like the last argument to chown(1).
655  *
656  * Notice: At this point we don't support only a username or only a
657  * group name. do_mtptsetup already does, so when this feature is
658  * desired, this is the only routine that needs to be changed.
659  */
660 static void
extract_ugid(const char * str,struct mtpt_info * mip)661 extract_ugid(const char *str, struct mtpt_info *mip)
662 {
663 	char *ug;			/* Writable 'str'. */
664 	char *user, *group;		/* Result of extracton. */
665 	struct passwd *pw;
666 	struct group *gr;
667 	char *p;
668 	uid_t *uid;
669 	gid_t *gid;
670 
671 	uid = &mip->mi_uid;
672 	gid = &mip->mi_gid;
673 	mip->mi_have_uid = mip->mi_have_gid = false;
674 
675 	/* Extract the user and group from 'str'.  Format above. */
676 	ug = strdup(str);
677 	assert(ug != NULL);
678 	group = ug;
679 	user = strsep(&group, ":");
680 	if (user == NULL || group == NULL || *user == '\0' || *group == '\0')
681 		usage();
682 
683 	/* Derive uid. */
684 	*uid = strtoul(user, &p, 10);
685 	if (*uid == (uid_t)ULONG_MAX)
686 		usage();
687 	if (*p != '\0') {
688 		pw = getpwnam(user);
689 		if (pw == NULL)
690 			errx(1, "invalid user: %s", user);
691 		*uid = pw->pw_uid;
692 	}
693 	mip->mi_have_uid = true;
694 
695 	/* Derive gid. */
696 	*gid = strtoul(group, &p, 10);
697 	if (*gid == (gid_t)ULONG_MAX)
698 		usage();
699 	if (*p != '\0') {
700 		gr = getgrnam(group);
701 		if (gr == NULL)
702 			errx(1, "invalid group: %s", group);
703 		*gid = gr->gr_gid;
704 	}
705 	mip->mi_have_gid = true;
706 
707 	free(ug);
708 }
709 
710 /*
711  * Run a process with command name and arguments pointed to by the
712  * formatted string 'cmdline'.  Since system(3) is not used, the first
713  * space-delimited token of 'cmdline' must be the full pathname of the
714  * program to run.
715  *
716  * The return value is the return code of the process spawned, or a negative
717  * signal number if the process exited due to an uncaught signal.
718  *
719  * If 'ofd' is non-NULL, it is set to the standard output of
720  * the program spawned (i.e., you can read from ofd and get the output
721  * of the program).
722  */
723 static int
run(int * ofd,const char * cmdline,...)724 run(int *ofd, const char *cmdline, ...)
725 {
726 	char **argv, **argvp;		/* Result of splitting 'cmd'. */
727 	int argc;
728 	char *cmd;			/* Expansion of 'cmdline'. */
729 	int pid, status;		/* Child info. */
730 	int pfd[2];			/* Pipe to the child. */
731 	int nfd;			/* Null (/dev/null) file descriptor. */
732 	bool dup2dn;			/* Dup /dev/null to stdout? */
733 	va_list ap;
734 	char *p;
735 	int rv, i;
736 
737 	dup2dn = true;
738 	va_start(ap, cmdline);
739 	rv = vasprintf(&cmd, cmdline, ap);
740 	if (rv == -1)
741 		err(1, "vasprintf");
742 	va_end(ap);
743 
744 	/* Split up 'cmd' into 'argv' for use with execve. */
745 	for (argc = 1, p = cmd; (p = strchr(p, ' ')) != NULL; p++)
746 		argc++;		/* 'argc' generation loop. */
747 	argv = (char **)malloc(sizeof(*argv) * (argc + 1));
748 	assert(argv != NULL);
749 	for (p = cmd, argvp = argv; (*argvp = strsep(&p, " ")) != NULL;)
750 		if (**argvp != '\0')
751 			if (++argvp >= &argv[argc]) {
752 				*argvp = NULL;
753 				break;
754 			}
755 	assert(*argv);
756 	/* The argv array ends up NULL-terminated here. */
757 
758 	/* Make sure the above loop works as expected. */
759 	if (debug) {
760 		/*
761 		 * We can't, but should, use debugprintf here.  First,
762 		 * it appends a trailing newline to the output, and
763 		 * second it prepends "DEBUG: " to the output.  The
764 		 * former is a problem for this would-be first call,
765 		 * and the latter for the would-be call inside the
766 		 * loop.
767 		 */
768 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: running:");
769 		/* Should be equivalent to 'cmd' (before strsep, of course). */
770 		for (i = 0; argv[i] != NULL; i++)
771 			(void)fprintf(stderr, " %s", argv[i]);
772 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "\n");
773 	}
774 
775 	/* Create a pipe if necessary and fork the helper program. */
776 	if (ofd != NULL) {
777 		if (pipe(&pfd[0]) == -1)
778 			err(1, "pipe");
779 		*ofd = pfd[0];
780 		dup2dn = false;
781 	}
782 	pid = fork();
783 	switch (pid) {
784 	case 0:
785 		/* XXX can we call err() in here? */
786 		if (norun)
787 			_exit(0);
788 		if (ofd != NULL)
789 			if (dup2(pfd[1], STDOUT_FILENO) < 0)
790 				err(1, "dup2");
791 		if (!loudsubs) {
792 			nfd = open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_RDWR);
793 			if (nfd == -1)
794 				err(1, "open: %s", _PATH_DEVNULL);
795 			if (dup2(nfd, STDIN_FILENO) < 0)
796 				err(1, "dup2");
797 			if (dup2dn)
798 				if (dup2(nfd, STDOUT_FILENO) < 0)
799 				   err(1, "dup2");
800 			if (dup2(nfd, STDERR_FILENO) < 0)
801 				err(1, "dup2");
802 		}
803 
804 		(void)execv(argv[0], argv);
805 		warn("exec: %s", argv[0]);
806 		_exit(-1);
807 	case -1:
808 		err(1, "fork");
809 	}
810 
811 	free(cmd);
812 	free(argv);
813 	while (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) != pid)
814 		;
815 	if (WIFEXITED(status))
816 		return (WEXITSTATUS(status));
817 	if (WIFSIGNALED(status))
818 		return (-WTERMSIG(status));
819 	err(1, "unexpected waitpid status: 0x%x", status);
820 }
821 
822 /*
823  * If run() returns non-zero, provide a string explaining why.
824  */
825 static const char *
run_exitstr(int rv)826 run_exitstr(int rv)
827 {
828 	if (rv > 0)
829 		return ("with error code");
830 	if (rv < 0)
831 		return ("with signal");
832 	return (NULL);
833 }
834 
835 /*
836  * If run returns non-zero, provide a relevant number.
837  */
838 static int
run_exitnumber(int rv)839 run_exitnumber(int rv)
840 {
841 	if (rv < 0)
842 		return (-rv);
843 	return (rv);
844 }
845 
846 static void
usage(void)847 usage(void)
848 {
849 
850 	fprintf(stderr,
851 "usage: %s [-DLlMNnPStUX] [-a maxcontig] [-b block-size]\n"
852 "\t[-c blocks-per-cylinder-group][-d max-extent-size] [-E path-mdconfig]\n"
853 "\t[-e maxbpg] [-F file] [-f frag-size] [-i bytes] [-k skel]\n"
854 "\t[-m percent-free] [-O optimization] [-o mount-options]\n"
855 "\t[-p permissions] [-s size] [-v version] [-w user:group]\n"
856 "\tmd-device mount-point\n", getprogname());
857 	exit(1);
858 }
859