xref: /linux/arch/x86/include/asm/ptrace.h (revision 79790b6818e96c58fe2bffee1b418c16e64e7b80)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2 #ifndef _ASM_X86_PTRACE_H
3 #define _ASM_X86_PTRACE_H
4 
5 #include <asm/segment.h>
6 #include <asm/page_types.h>
7 #include <uapi/asm/ptrace.h>
8 
9 #ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
10 #ifdef __i386__
11 
12 struct pt_regs {
13 	/*
14 	 * NB: 32-bit x86 CPUs are inconsistent as what happens in the
15 	 * following cases (where %seg represents a segment register):
16 	 *
17 	 * - pushl %seg: some do a 16-bit write and leave the high
18 	 *   bits alone
19 	 * - movl %seg, [mem]: some do a 16-bit write despite the movl
20 	 * - IDT entry: some (e.g. 486) will leave the high bits of CS
21 	 *   and (if applicable) SS undefined.
22 	 *
23 	 * Fortunately, x86-32 doesn't read the high bits on POP or IRET,
24 	 * so we can just treat all of the segment registers as 16-bit
25 	 * values.
26 	 */
27 	unsigned long bx;
28 	unsigned long cx;
29 	unsigned long dx;
30 	unsigned long si;
31 	unsigned long di;
32 	unsigned long bp;
33 	unsigned long ax;
34 	unsigned short ds;
35 	unsigned short __dsh;
36 	unsigned short es;
37 	unsigned short __esh;
38 	unsigned short fs;
39 	unsigned short __fsh;
40 	/*
41 	 * On interrupt, gs and __gsh store the vector number.  They never
42 	 * store gs any more.
43 	 */
44 	unsigned short gs;
45 	unsigned short __gsh;
46 	/* On interrupt, this is the error code. */
47 	unsigned long orig_ax;
48 	unsigned long ip;
49 	unsigned short cs;
50 	unsigned short __csh;
51 	unsigned long flags;
52 	unsigned long sp;
53 	unsigned short ss;
54 	unsigned short __ssh;
55 };
56 
57 #else /* __i386__ */
58 
59 struct fred_cs {
60 		/* CS selector */
61 	u64	cs	: 16,
62 		/* Stack level at event time */
63 		sl	:  2,
64 		/* IBT in WAIT_FOR_ENDBRANCH state */
65 		wfe	:  1,
66 			: 45;
67 };
68 
69 struct fred_ss {
70 		/* SS selector */
71 	u64	ss	: 16,
72 		/* STI state */
73 		sti	:  1,
74 		/* Set if syscall, sysenter or INT n */
75 		swevent	:  1,
76 		/* Event is NMI type */
77 		nmi	:  1,
78 			: 13,
79 		/* Event vector */
80 		vector	:  8,
81 			:  8,
82 		/* Event type */
83 		type	:  4,
84 			:  4,
85 		/* Event was incident to enclave execution */
86 		enclave	:  1,
87 		/* CPU was in long mode */
88 		lm	:  1,
89 		/*
90 		 * Nested exception during FRED delivery, not set
91 		 * for #DF.
92 		 */
93 		nested	:  1,
94 			:  1,
95 		/*
96 		 * The length of the instruction causing the event.
97 		 * Only set for INTO, INT1, INT3, INT n, SYSCALL
98 		 * and SYSENTER.  0 otherwise.
99 		 */
100 		insnlen	:  4;
101 };
102 
103 struct pt_regs {
104 	/*
105 	 * C ABI says these regs are callee-preserved. They aren't saved on
106 	 * kernel entry unless syscall needs a complete, fully filled
107 	 * "struct pt_regs".
108 	 */
109 	unsigned long r15;
110 	unsigned long r14;
111 	unsigned long r13;
112 	unsigned long r12;
113 	unsigned long bp;
114 	unsigned long bx;
115 
116 	/* These regs are callee-clobbered. Always saved on kernel entry. */
117 	unsigned long r11;
118 	unsigned long r10;
119 	unsigned long r9;
120 	unsigned long r8;
121 	unsigned long ax;
122 	unsigned long cx;
123 	unsigned long dx;
124 	unsigned long si;
125 	unsigned long di;
126 
127 	/*
128 	 * orig_ax is used on entry for:
129 	 * - the syscall number (syscall, sysenter, int80)
130 	 * - error_code stored by the CPU on traps and exceptions
131 	 * - the interrupt number for device interrupts
132 	 *
133 	 * A FRED stack frame starts here:
134 	 *   1) It _always_ includes an error code;
135 	 *
136 	 *   2) The return frame for ERET[US] starts here, but
137 	 *      the content of orig_ax is ignored.
138 	 */
139 	unsigned long orig_ax;
140 
141 	/* The IRETQ return frame starts here */
142 	unsigned long ip;
143 
144 	union {
145 		/* CS selector */
146 		u16		cs;
147 		/* The extended 64-bit data slot containing CS */
148 		u64		csx;
149 		/* The FRED CS extension */
150 		struct fred_cs	fred_cs;
151 	};
152 
153 	unsigned long flags;
154 	unsigned long sp;
155 
156 	union {
157 		/* SS selector */
158 		u16		ss;
159 		/* The extended 64-bit data slot containing SS */
160 		u64		ssx;
161 		/* The FRED SS extension */
162 		struct fred_ss	fred_ss;
163 	};
164 
165 	/*
166 	 * Top of stack on IDT systems, while FRED systems have extra fields
167 	 * defined above for storing exception related information, e.g. CR2 or
168 	 * DR6.
169 	 */
170 };
171 
172 #endif /* !__i386__ */
173 
174 #ifdef CONFIG_PARAVIRT
175 #include <asm/paravirt_types.h>
176 #endif
177 
178 #include <asm/proto.h>
179 
180 struct cpuinfo_x86;
181 struct task_struct;
182 
183 extern unsigned long profile_pc(struct pt_regs *regs);
184 
185 extern unsigned long
186 convert_ip_to_linear(struct task_struct *child, struct pt_regs *regs);
187 extern void send_sigtrap(struct pt_regs *regs, int error_code, int si_code);
188 
189 
regs_return_value(struct pt_regs * regs)190 static inline unsigned long regs_return_value(struct pt_regs *regs)
191 {
192 	return regs->ax;
193 }
194 
regs_set_return_value(struct pt_regs * regs,unsigned long rc)195 static inline void regs_set_return_value(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long rc)
196 {
197 	regs->ax = rc;
198 }
199 
200 /*
201  * user_mode(regs) determines whether a register set came from user
202  * mode.  On x86_32, this is true if V8086 mode was enabled OR if the
203  * register set was from protected mode with RPL-3 CS value.  This
204  * tricky test checks that with one comparison.
205  *
206  * On x86_64, vm86 mode is mercifully nonexistent, and we don't need
207  * the extra check.
208  */
user_mode(struct pt_regs * regs)209 static __always_inline int user_mode(struct pt_regs *regs)
210 {
211 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
212 	return ((regs->cs & SEGMENT_RPL_MASK) | (regs->flags & X86_VM_MASK)) >= USER_RPL;
213 #else
214 	return !!(regs->cs & 3);
215 #endif
216 }
217 
v8086_mode(struct pt_regs * regs)218 static __always_inline int v8086_mode(struct pt_regs *regs)
219 {
220 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
221 	return (regs->flags & X86_VM_MASK);
222 #else
223 	return 0;	/* No V86 mode support in long mode */
224 #endif
225 }
226 
user_64bit_mode(struct pt_regs * regs)227 static inline bool user_64bit_mode(struct pt_regs *regs)
228 {
229 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
230 #ifndef CONFIG_PARAVIRT_XXL
231 	/*
232 	 * On non-paravirt systems, this is the only long mode CPL 3
233 	 * selector.  We do not allow long mode selectors in the LDT.
234 	 */
235 	return regs->cs == __USER_CS;
236 #else
237 	/* Headers are too twisted for this to go in paravirt.h. */
238 	return regs->cs == __USER_CS || regs->cs == pv_info.extra_user_64bit_cs;
239 #endif
240 #else /* !CONFIG_X86_64 */
241 	return false;
242 #endif
243 }
244 
245 /*
246  * Determine whether the register set came from any context that is running in
247  * 64-bit mode.
248  */
any_64bit_mode(struct pt_regs * regs)249 static inline bool any_64bit_mode(struct pt_regs *regs)
250 {
251 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
252 	return !user_mode(regs) || user_64bit_mode(regs);
253 #else
254 	return false;
255 #endif
256 }
257 
258 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
259 #define current_user_stack_pointer()	current_pt_regs()->sp
260 #define compat_user_stack_pointer()	current_pt_regs()->sp
261 
ip_within_syscall_gap(struct pt_regs * regs)262 static __always_inline bool ip_within_syscall_gap(struct pt_regs *regs)
263 {
264 	bool ret = (regs->ip >= (unsigned long)entry_SYSCALL_64 &&
265 		    regs->ip <  (unsigned long)entry_SYSCALL_64_safe_stack);
266 
267 	ret = ret || (regs->ip >= (unsigned long)entry_SYSRETQ_unsafe_stack &&
268 		      regs->ip <  (unsigned long)entry_SYSRETQ_end);
269 #ifdef CONFIG_IA32_EMULATION
270 	ret = ret || (regs->ip >= (unsigned long)entry_SYSCALL_compat &&
271 		      regs->ip <  (unsigned long)entry_SYSCALL_compat_safe_stack);
272 	ret = ret || (regs->ip >= (unsigned long)entry_SYSRETL_compat_unsafe_stack &&
273 		      regs->ip <  (unsigned long)entry_SYSRETL_compat_end);
274 #endif
275 
276 	return ret;
277 }
278 #endif
279 
kernel_stack_pointer(struct pt_regs * regs)280 static inline unsigned long kernel_stack_pointer(struct pt_regs *regs)
281 {
282 	return regs->sp;
283 }
284 
instruction_pointer(struct pt_regs * regs)285 static inline unsigned long instruction_pointer(struct pt_regs *regs)
286 {
287 	return regs->ip;
288 }
289 
instruction_pointer_set(struct pt_regs * regs,unsigned long val)290 static inline void instruction_pointer_set(struct pt_regs *regs,
291 		unsigned long val)
292 {
293 	regs->ip = val;
294 }
295 
frame_pointer(struct pt_regs * regs)296 static inline unsigned long frame_pointer(struct pt_regs *regs)
297 {
298 	return regs->bp;
299 }
300 
user_stack_pointer(struct pt_regs * regs)301 static inline unsigned long user_stack_pointer(struct pt_regs *regs)
302 {
303 	return regs->sp;
304 }
305 
user_stack_pointer_set(struct pt_regs * regs,unsigned long val)306 static inline void user_stack_pointer_set(struct pt_regs *regs,
307 		unsigned long val)
308 {
309 	regs->sp = val;
310 }
311 
regs_irqs_disabled(struct pt_regs * regs)312 static __always_inline bool regs_irqs_disabled(struct pt_regs *regs)
313 {
314 	return !(regs->flags & X86_EFLAGS_IF);
315 }
316 
317 /* Query offset/name of register from its name/offset */
318 extern int regs_query_register_offset(const char *name);
319 extern const char *regs_query_register_name(unsigned int offset);
320 #define MAX_REG_OFFSET (offsetof(struct pt_regs, ss))
321 
322 /**
323  * regs_get_register() - get register value from its offset
324  * @regs:	pt_regs from which register value is gotten.
325  * @offset:	offset number of the register.
326  *
327  * regs_get_register returns the value of a register. The @offset is the
328  * offset of the register in struct pt_regs address which specified by @regs.
329  * If @offset is bigger than MAX_REG_OFFSET, this returns 0.
330  */
regs_get_register(struct pt_regs * regs,unsigned int offset)331 static inline unsigned long regs_get_register(struct pt_regs *regs,
332 					      unsigned int offset)
333 {
334 	if (unlikely(offset > MAX_REG_OFFSET))
335 		return 0;
336 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
337 	/* The selector fields are 16-bit. */
338 	if (offset == offsetof(struct pt_regs, cs) ||
339 	    offset == offsetof(struct pt_regs, ss) ||
340 	    offset == offsetof(struct pt_regs, ds) ||
341 	    offset == offsetof(struct pt_regs, es) ||
342 	    offset == offsetof(struct pt_regs, fs) ||
343 	    offset == offsetof(struct pt_regs, gs)) {
344 		return *(u16 *)((unsigned long)regs + offset);
345 
346 	}
347 #endif
348 	return *(unsigned long *)((unsigned long)regs + offset);
349 }
350 
351 /**
352  * regs_within_kernel_stack() - check the address in the stack
353  * @regs:	pt_regs which contains kernel stack pointer.
354  * @addr:	address which is checked.
355  *
356  * regs_within_kernel_stack() checks @addr is within the kernel stack page(s).
357  * If @addr is within the kernel stack, it returns true. If not, returns false.
358  */
regs_within_kernel_stack(struct pt_regs * regs,unsigned long addr)359 static inline int regs_within_kernel_stack(struct pt_regs *regs,
360 					   unsigned long addr)
361 {
362 	return ((addr & ~(THREAD_SIZE - 1)) == (regs->sp & ~(THREAD_SIZE - 1)));
363 }
364 
365 /**
366  * regs_get_kernel_stack_nth_addr() - get the address of the Nth entry on stack
367  * @regs:	pt_regs which contains kernel stack pointer.
368  * @n:		stack entry number.
369  *
370  * regs_get_kernel_stack_nth() returns the address of the @n th entry of the
371  * kernel stack which is specified by @regs. If the @n th entry is NOT in
372  * the kernel stack, this returns NULL.
373  */
regs_get_kernel_stack_nth_addr(struct pt_regs * regs,unsigned int n)374 static inline unsigned long *regs_get_kernel_stack_nth_addr(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned int n)
375 {
376 	unsigned long *addr = (unsigned long *)regs->sp;
377 
378 	addr += n;
379 	if (regs_within_kernel_stack(regs, (unsigned long)addr))
380 		return addr;
381 	else
382 		return NULL;
383 }
384 
385 /* To avoid include hell, we can't include uaccess.h */
386 extern long copy_from_kernel_nofault(void *dst, const void *src, size_t size);
387 
388 /**
389  * regs_get_kernel_stack_nth() - get Nth entry of the stack
390  * @regs:	pt_regs which contains kernel stack pointer.
391  * @n:		stack entry number.
392  *
393  * regs_get_kernel_stack_nth() returns @n th entry of the kernel stack which
394  * is specified by @regs. If the @n th entry is NOT in the kernel stack
395  * this returns 0.
396  */
regs_get_kernel_stack_nth(struct pt_regs * regs,unsigned int n)397 static inline unsigned long regs_get_kernel_stack_nth(struct pt_regs *regs,
398 						      unsigned int n)
399 {
400 	unsigned long *addr;
401 	unsigned long val;
402 	long ret;
403 
404 	addr = regs_get_kernel_stack_nth_addr(regs, n);
405 	if (addr) {
406 		ret = copy_from_kernel_nofault(&val, addr, sizeof(val));
407 		if (!ret)
408 			return val;
409 	}
410 	return 0;
411 }
412 
413 /**
414  * regs_get_kernel_argument() - get Nth function argument in kernel
415  * @regs:	pt_regs of that context
416  * @n:		function argument number (start from 0)
417  *
418  * regs_get_argument() returns @n th argument of the function call.
419  * Note that this chooses most probably assignment, in some case
420  * it can be incorrect.
421  * This is expected to be called from kprobes or ftrace with regs
422  * where the top of stack is the return address.
423  */
regs_get_kernel_argument(struct pt_regs * regs,unsigned int n)424 static inline unsigned long regs_get_kernel_argument(struct pt_regs *regs,
425 						     unsigned int n)
426 {
427 	static const unsigned int argument_offs[] = {
428 #ifdef __i386__
429 		offsetof(struct pt_regs, ax),
430 		offsetof(struct pt_regs, dx),
431 		offsetof(struct pt_regs, cx),
432 #define NR_REG_ARGUMENTS 3
433 #else
434 		offsetof(struct pt_regs, di),
435 		offsetof(struct pt_regs, si),
436 		offsetof(struct pt_regs, dx),
437 		offsetof(struct pt_regs, cx),
438 		offsetof(struct pt_regs, r8),
439 		offsetof(struct pt_regs, r9),
440 #define NR_REG_ARGUMENTS 6
441 #endif
442 	};
443 
444 	if (n >= NR_REG_ARGUMENTS) {
445 		n -= NR_REG_ARGUMENTS - 1;
446 		return regs_get_kernel_stack_nth(regs, n);
447 	} else
448 		return regs_get_register(regs, argument_offs[n]);
449 }
450 
451 #define arch_has_single_step()	(1)
452 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_DEBUGCTLMSR
453 #define arch_has_block_step()	(1)
454 #else
455 #define arch_has_block_step()	(boot_cpu_data.x86 >= 6)
456 #endif
457 
458 #define ARCH_HAS_USER_SINGLE_STEP_REPORT
459 
460 struct user_desc;
461 extern int do_get_thread_area(struct task_struct *p, int idx,
462 			      struct user_desc __user *info);
463 extern int do_set_thread_area(struct task_struct *p, int idx,
464 			      struct user_desc __user *info, int can_allocate);
465 
466 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
467 # define do_set_thread_area_64(p, s, t)	do_arch_prctl_64(p, s, t)
468 #else
469 # define do_set_thread_area_64(p, s, t)	(0)
470 #endif
471 
472 #endif /* !__ASSEMBLY__ */
473 #endif /* _ASM_X86_PTRACE_H */
474