xref: /freebsd/stand/i386/loader/main.c (revision 62d1ec7889a864a4c50f727f913384ea50e8a88e)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1998 Michael Smith <msmith@freebsd.org>
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
15  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
17  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
18  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
19  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
20  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
21  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
22  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
23  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
24  * SUCH DAMAGE.
25  */
26 
27 /*
28  * MD bootstrap main() and assorted miscellaneous
29  * commands.
30  */
31 
32 #include <stand.h>
33 #include <stddef.h>
34 #include <string.h>
35 #include <machine/bootinfo.h>
36 #include <machine/cpufunc.h>
37 #include <machine/psl.h>
38 #include <sys/disk.h>
39 #include <sys/reboot.h>
40 #include <common/drv.h>
41 
42 #include "bootstrap.h"
43 #include "common/bootargs.h"
44 #include "libi386/libi386.h"
45 #include <smbios.h>
46 #include "btxv86.h"
47 
48 #ifdef LOADER_ZFS_SUPPORT
49 #include <sys/zfs_bootenv.h>
50 #include "libzfs.h"
51 #endif
52 
53 _Static_assert(sizeof(struct bootargs) == BOOTARGS_SIZE, "Bootarg size bad");
54 _Static_assert(offsetof(struct bootargs, bootinfo) == BA_BOOTINFO, "BA_BOOTINFO");
55 _Static_assert(offsetof(struct bootargs, bootflags) == BA_BOOTFLAGS, "BA_BOOTFLAGS");
56 _Static_assert(offsetof(struct bootinfo, bi_size) == BI_SIZE, "BI_SIZE");
57 
58 /* Arguments passed in from the boot1/boot2 loader */
59 static struct bootargs *kargs;
60 static uint32_t		initial_howto;
61 static uint32_t		initial_bootdev;
62 static struct bootinfo	*initial_bootinfo;
63 
64 static int		isa_inb(int port);
65 static void		isa_outb(int port, int value);
66 
67 #ifdef LOADER_ZFS_SUPPORT
68 struct zfs_boot_args	*zargs;
69 static void		i386_zfs_probe(void);
70 #endif
71 
72 struct arch_switch	archsw = {		/* MI/MD interface boundary */
73 	.arch_autoload = i386_autoload,
74 	.arch_getdev = i386_getdev,
75 	.arch_copyin = i386_copyin,
76 	.arch_copyout = i386_copyout,
77 	.arch_readin = i386_readin,
78 	.arch_isainb = isa_inb,
79 	.arch_isaoutb = isa_outb,
80 	.arch_hypervisor = x86_hypervisor,
81 #ifdef LOADER_ZFS_SUPPORT
82 	.arch_zfs_probe = i386_zfs_probe,
83 #endif
84 };
85 
86 static void		extract_currdev(void);
87 void			exit(int code);
88 #ifdef LOADER_GELI_SUPPORT
89 #include "geliboot.h"
90 struct geli_boot_args	*gargs;
91 struct geli_boot_data	*gbdata;
92 #endif
93 
94 /* XXX debugging */
95 extern char end[];
96 
97 static void *heap_top;
98 static void *heap_bottom;
99 
100 caddr_t
ptov(uintptr_t x)101 ptov(uintptr_t x)
102 {
103 	return (PTOV(x));
104 }
105 
106 int
main(void)107 main(void)
108 {
109 	/* Pick up arguments */
110 	kargs = (void *)__args;
111 	initial_howto = kargs->howto;
112 	initial_bootdev = kargs->bootdev;
113 	initial_bootinfo = kargs->bootinfo ?
114 	    (struct bootinfo *)PTOV(kargs->bootinfo) : NULL;
115 
116 	/* Initialize the v86 register set to a known-good state. */
117 	bzero(&v86, sizeof(v86));
118 	v86.efl = PSL_RESERVED_DEFAULT | PSL_I;
119 
120 	/*
121 	 * Initialise the heap as early as possible.
122 	 * Once this is done, malloc() is usable.
123 	 */
124 	bios_getmem();
125 
126 #if defined(LOADER_BZIP2_SUPPORT) || \
127     defined(LOADER_GPT_SUPPORT) || defined(LOADER_ZFS_SUPPORT)
128 	if (high_heap_size > 0) {
129 		heap_top = PTOV(high_heap_base + high_heap_size);
130 		heap_bottom = PTOV(high_heap_base);
131 		if (high_heap_base < memtop_copyin)
132 			memtop_copyin = high_heap_base;
133 	} else
134 #endif
135 	{
136 		heap_top = (void *)PTOV(bios_basemem);
137 		heap_bottom = (void *)end;
138 	}
139 	setheap(heap_bottom, heap_top);
140 
141 	/*
142 	 * Now that malloc is usable, allocate a buffer for tslog and start
143 	 * logging timestamps during the boot process.
144 	 */
145 	tslog_init();
146 
147 	/*
148 	 * detect ACPI for future reference. This may set console to comconsole
149 	 * if we do have ACPI SPCR table.
150 	 */
151 	biosacpi_detect();
152 
153 	/*
154 	 * XXX Chicken-and-egg problem; we want to have console output early,
155 	 * but some console attributes may depend on reading from eg. the boot
156 	 * device, which we can't do yet.
157 	 *
158 	 * We can use printf() etc. once this is done.
159 	 * If the previous boot stage has requested a serial console,
160 	 * prefer that.
161 	 */
162 	bi_setboothowto(initial_howto);
163 	if (initial_howto & RB_MULTIPLE) {
164 		if (initial_howto & RB_SERIAL)
165 			setenv("console", "comconsole vidconsole", 1);
166 		else
167 			setenv("console", "vidconsole comconsole", 1);
168 	} else if (initial_howto & RB_SERIAL) {
169 		setenv("console", "comconsole", 1);
170 	} else if (initial_howto & RB_MUTE) {
171 		setenv("console", "nullconsole", 1);
172 	}
173 	cons_probe();
174 
175 	/* Set up currdev variable to have hooks in place. */
176 	env_setenv("currdev", EV_VOLATILE | EV_NOHOOK, "",
177 	    gen_setcurrdev, env_nounset);
178 
179 	/*
180 	 * Initialise the block cache. Set the upper limit.
181 	 */
182 	bcache_init(32768, 512);
183 
184 	/*
185 	 * Special handling for PXE and CD booting.
186 	 */
187 	if (kargs->bootinfo == 0) {
188 		/*
189 		 * We only want the PXE disk to try to init itself in the below
190 		 * walk through devsw if we actually booted off of PXE.
191 		 */
192 		if (kargs->bootflags & KARGS_FLAGS_PXE)
193 			pxe_enable(kargs->pxeinfo ?
194 			    PTOV(kargs->pxeinfo) : NULL);
195 		else if (kargs->bootflags & KARGS_FLAGS_CD)
196 			bc_add(initial_bootdev);
197 	}
198 
199 #ifdef LOADER_ZFS_SUPPORT
200 	/*
201 	 * zfsboot and gptzfsboot have always passed KARGS_FLAGS_ZFS,
202 	 * so if that is set along with KARGS_FLAGS_EXTARG we know we
203 	 * can interpret the extarg data as a struct zfs_boot_args.
204 	 */
205 #define	KARGS_EXTARGS_ZFS	(KARGS_FLAGS_EXTARG | KARGS_FLAGS_ZFS)
206 
207 	if ((kargs->bootflags & KARGS_EXTARGS_ZFS) == KARGS_EXTARGS_ZFS) {
208 		zargs = (struct zfs_boot_args *)(kargs + 1);
209 	}
210 #endif /* LOADER_ZFS_SUPPORT */
211 
212 #ifdef LOADER_GELI_SUPPORT
213 	/*
214 	 * If we decided earlier that we have zfs_boot_args extarg data,
215 	 * and it is big enough to contain the embedded geli data
216 	 * (the early zfs_boot_args structs weren't), then init the gbdata
217 	 * pointer accordingly. If there is extarg data which isn't
218 	 * zfs_boot_args data, determine whether it is geli_boot_args data.
219 	 * Recent versions of gptboot set KARGS_FLAGS_GELI to indicate that.
220 	 * Earlier versions didn't, but we presume that's what we
221 	 * have if the extarg size exactly matches the size of the
222 	 * geli_boot_args struct during that pre-flag era.
223 	 */
224 #define	LEGACY_GELI_ARGS_SIZE	260	/* This can never change */
225 
226 #ifdef LOADER_ZFS_SUPPORT
227 	if (zargs != NULL) {
228 		if (zargs->size > offsetof(struct zfs_boot_args, gelidata)) {
229 			gbdata = &zargs->gelidata;
230 		}
231 	} else
232 #endif /* LOADER_ZFS_SUPPORT */
233 	if ((kargs->bootflags & KARGS_FLAGS_EXTARG) != 0) {
234 		gargs = (struct geli_boot_args *)(kargs + 1);
235 		if ((kargs->bootflags & KARGS_FLAGS_GELI) ||
236 		    gargs->size == LEGACY_GELI_ARGS_SIZE) {
237 			gbdata = &gargs->gelidata;
238 		}
239 	}
240 
241 	if (gbdata != NULL)
242 		import_geli_boot_data(gbdata);
243 #endif /* LOADER_GELI_SUPPORT */
244 
245 	devinit();
246 
247 	printf("BIOS %dkB/%dkB available memory\n", bios_basemem / 1024,
248 	    bios_extmem / 1024);
249 	if (initial_bootinfo != NULL) {
250 		initial_bootinfo->bi_basemem = bios_basemem / 1024;
251 		initial_bootinfo->bi_extmem = bios_extmem / 1024;
252 	}
253 
254 	/* detect SMBIOS for future reference */
255 	smbios_detect(NULL);
256 
257 	/* detect PCI BIOS for future reference */
258 	biospci_detect();
259 
260 	printf("\n%s", bootprog_info);
261 
262 	extract_currdev();		/* set $currdev and $loaddev */
263 	autoload_font(true);
264 
265 	bios_getsmap();
266 
267 	interact();
268 
269 	/* if we ever get here, it is an error */
270 	return (1);
271 }
272 
273 /*
274  * Set the 'current device' by (if possible) recovering the boot device as
275  * supplied by the initial bootstrap.
276  *
277  * XXX should be extended for netbooting.
278  */
279 static void
extract_currdev(void)280 extract_currdev(void)
281 {
282 	struct i386_devdesc	new_currdev;
283 #ifdef LOADER_ZFS_SUPPORT
284 	char			buf[20];
285 	char			*bootonce;
286 #endif
287 	int			biosdev = -1;
288 
289 	/* Assume we are booting from a BIOS disk by default */
290 	new_currdev.dd.d_dev = &bioshd;
291 
292 	/* new-style boot loaders such as pxeldr and cdldr */
293 	if (kargs->bootinfo == 0) {
294 		if ((kargs->bootflags & KARGS_FLAGS_CD) != 0) {
295 			/* we are booting from a CD with cdboot */
296 			new_currdev.dd.d_dev = &bioscd;
297 			new_currdev.dd.d_unit = bd_bios2unit(initial_bootdev);
298 		} else if ((kargs->bootflags & KARGS_FLAGS_PXE) != 0) {
299 			/* we are booting from pxeldr */
300 			new_currdev.dd.d_dev = &pxedisk;
301 			new_currdev.dd.d_unit = 0;
302 		} else {
303 			/* we don't know what our boot device is */
304 			new_currdev.disk.d_slice = -1;
305 			new_currdev.disk.d_partition = 0;
306 			biosdev = -1;
307 		}
308 #ifdef LOADER_ZFS_SUPPORT
309 	} else if ((kargs->bootflags & KARGS_FLAGS_ZFS) != 0) {
310 		/*
311 		 * zargs was set in main() if we have new style extended
312 		 * argument
313 		 */
314 		if (zargs != NULL &&
315 		    zargs->size >=
316 		    offsetof(struct zfs_boot_args, primary_pool)) {
317 			/* sufficient data is provided */
318 			new_currdev.zfs.pool_guid = zargs->pool;
319 			new_currdev.zfs.root_guid = zargs->root;
320 			if (zargs->size >= sizeof(*zargs) &&
321 			    zargs->primary_vdev != 0) {
322 				sprintf(buf, "%llu", zargs->primary_pool);
323 				setenv("vfs.zfs.boot.primary_pool", buf, 1);
324 				sprintf(buf, "%llu", zargs->primary_vdev);
325 				setenv("vfs.zfs.boot.primary_vdev", buf, 1);
326 			}
327 		} else {
328 			/* old style zfsboot block */
329 			new_currdev.zfs.pool_guid = kargs->zfspool;
330 			new_currdev.zfs.root_guid = 0;
331 		}
332 		new_currdev.dd.d_dev = &zfs_dev;
333 
334 		if ((bootonce = malloc(VDEV_PAD_SIZE)) != NULL) {
335 			if (zfs_get_bootonce(&new_currdev, OS_BOOTONCE_USED,
336 			    bootonce, VDEV_PAD_SIZE) == 0) {
337 				setenv("zfs-bootonce", bootonce, 1);
338 			}
339 			free(bootonce);
340 			(void) zfs_attach_nvstore(&new_currdev);
341 		}
342 
343 #endif
344 	} else if ((initial_bootdev & B_MAGICMASK) != B_DEVMAGIC) {
345 		/* The passed-in boot device is bad */
346 		new_currdev.disk.d_slice = -1;
347 		new_currdev.disk.d_partition = 0;
348 		biosdev = -1;
349 	} else {
350 		new_currdev.disk.d_slice = B_SLICE(initial_bootdev) - 1;
351 		new_currdev.disk.d_partition = B_PARTITION(initial_bootdev);
352 		biosdev = initial_bootinfo->bi_bios_dev;
353 
354 		/*
355 		 * If we are booted by an old bootstrap, we have to guess at
356 		 * the BIOS unit number. We will lose if there is more than
357 		 * one disk type and we are not booting from the
358 		 * lowest-numbered disk type (ie. SCSI when IDE also exists).
359 		 */
360 		if ((biosdev == 0) && (B_TYPE(initial_bootdev) != 2)) {
361 			/*
362 			 * biosdev doesn't match major, assume harddisk
363 			 */
364 			biosdev = 0x80 + B_UNIT(initial_bootdev);
365 		}
366 	}
367 
368 	/*
369 	 * If we are booting off of a BIOS disk and we didn't succeed
370 	 * in determining which one we booted off of, just use disk0:
371 	 * as a reasonable default.
372 	 */
373 	if ((new_currdev.dd.d_dev->dv_type == bioshd.dv_type) &&
374 	    ((new_currdev.dd.d_unit = bd_bios2unit(biosdev)) == -1)) {
375 		printf("Can't work out which disk we are booting "
376 		    "from.\nGuessed BIOS device 0x%x not found by "
377 		    "probes, defaulting to disk0:\n", biosdev);
378 		new_currdev.dd.d_unit = 0;
379 	}
380 
381 #ifdef LOADER_ZFS_SUPPORT
382 	if (new_currdev.dd.d_dev->dv_type == DEVT_ZFS)
383 		init_zfs_boot_options(devformat(&new_currdev.dd));
384 #endif
385 
386 	set_currdev(devformat(&new_currdev.dd));
387 }
388 
389 COMMAND_SET(reboot, "reboot", "reboot the system", command_reboot);
390 
391 static int
command_reboot(int argc,char * argv[])392 command_reboot(int argc, char *argv[])
393 {
394 	int i;
395 
396 	for (i = 0; devsw[i] != NULL; ++i)
397 		if (devsw[i]->dv_cleanup != NULL)
398 			(devsw[i]->dv_cleanup)();
399 
400 	printf("Rebooting...\n");
401 	delay(1000000);
402 	__exit(0);
403 }
404 
405 /* provide this for panic, as it's not in the startup code */
406 void
exit(int code)407 exit(int code)
408 {
409 	__exit(code);
410 }
411 
412 COMMAND_SET(heap, "heap", "show heap usage", command_heap);
413 
414 static int
command_heap(int argc,char * argv[])415 command_heap(int argc, char *argv[])
416 {
417 	mallocstats();
418 	printf("heap base at %p, top at %p, upper limit at %p\n", heap_bottom,
419 	    sbrk(0), heap_top);
420 	return (CMD_OK);
421 }
422 
423 /* ISA bus access functions for PnP. */
424 static int
isa_inb(int port)425 isa_inb(int port)
426 {
427 
428 	return (inb(port));
429 }
430 
431 static void
isa_outb(int port,int value)432 isa_outb(int port, int value)
433 {
434 
435 	outb(port, value);
436 }
437 
438 #ifdef LOADER_ZFS_SUPPORT
439 static void
i386_zfs_probe(void)440 i386_zfs_probe(void)
441 {
442 	char devname[32];
443 	struct i386_devdesc dev;
444 
445 	/*
446 	 * Open all the disks we can find and see if we can reconstruct
447 	 * ZFS pools from them.
448 	 */
449 	dev.dd.d_dev = &bioshd;
450 	for (dev.dd.d_unit = 0; bd_unit2bios(&dev) >= 0; dev.dd.d_unit++) {
451 		snprintf(devname, sizeof(devname), "%s%d:", bioshd.dv_name,
452 		    dev.dd.d_unit);
453 		zfs_probe_dev(devname, NULL, true);
454 	}
455 }
456 #endif
457