xref: /linux/include/linux/writeback.h (revision f73a058be5d70dd81a43f16b2bbff4b1576a7af8)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2 /*
3  * include/linux/writeback.h
4  */
5 #ifndef WRITEBACK_H
6 #define WRITEBACK_H
7 
8 #include <linux/sched.h>
9 #include <linux/workqueue.h>
10 #include <linux/fs.h>
11 #include <linux/flex_proportions.h>
12 #include <linux/backing-dev-defs.h>
13 #include <linux/blk_types.h>
14 #include <linux/pagevec.h>
15 
16 struct bio;
17 
18 DECLARE_PER_CPU(int, dirty_throttle_leaks);
19 
20 /*
21  * The global dirty threshold is normally equal to the global dirty limit,
22  * except when the system suddenly allocates a lot of anonymous memory and
23  * knocks down the global dirty threshold quickly, in which case the global
24  * dirty limit will follow down slowly to prevent livelocking all dirtier tasks.
25  */
26 #define DIRTY_SCOPE		8
27 
28 struct backing_dev_info;
29 
30 /*
31  * fs/fs-writeback.c
32  */
33 enum writeback_sync_modes {
34 	WB_SYNC_NONE,	/* Don't wait on anything */
35 	WB_SYNC_ALL,	/* Wait on every mapping */
36 };
37 
38 /*
39  * A control structure which tells the writeback code what to do.  These are
40  * always on the stack, and hence need no locking.  They are always initialised
41  * in a manner such that unspecified fields are set to zero.
42  */
43 struct writeback_control {
44 	/* public fields that can be set and/or consumed by the caller: */
45 	long nr_to_write;		/* Write this many pages, and decrement
46 					   this for each page written */
47 	long pages_skipped;		/* Pages which were not written */
48 
49 	/*
50 	 * For a_ops->writepages(): if start or end are non-zero then this is
51 	 * a hint that the filesystem need only write out the pages inside that
52 	 * byterange.  The byte at `end' is included in the writeout request.
53 	 */
54 	loff_t range_start;
55 	loff_t range_end;
56 
57 	enum writeback_sync_modes sync_mode;
58 
59 	unsigned for_kupdate:1;		/* A kupdate writeback */
60 	unsigned for_background:1;	/* A background writeback */
61 	unsigned tagged_writepages:1;	/* tag-and-write to avoid livelock */
62 	unsigned for_reclaim:1;		/* Invoked from the page allocator */
63 	unsigned range_cyclic:1;	/* range_start is cyclic */
64 	unsigned for_sync:1;		/* sync(2) WB_SYNC_ALL writeback */
65 	unsigned unpinned_netfs_wb:1;	/* Cleared I_PINNING_NETFS_WB */
66 
67 	/*
68 	 * When writeback IOs are bounced through async layers, only the
69 	 * initial synchronous phase should be accounted towards inode
70 	 * cgroup ownership arbitration to avoid confusion.  Later stages
71 	 * can set the following flag to disable the accounting.
72 	 */
73 	unsigned no_cgroup_owner:1;
74 
75 	/* To enable batching of swap writes to non-block-device backends,
76 	 * "plug" can be set point to a 'struct swap_iocb *'.  When all swap
77 	 * writes have been submitted, if with swap_iocb is not NULL,
78 	 * swap_write_unplug() should be called.
79 	 */
80 	struct swap_iocb **swap_plug;
81 
82 	/* internal fields used by the ->writepages implementation: */
83 	struct folio_batch fbatch;
84 	pgoff_t index;
85 	int saved_err;
86 
87 #ifdef CONFIG_CGROUP_WRITEBACK
88 	struct bdi_writeback *wb;	/* wb this writeback is issued under */
89 	struct inode *inode;		/* inode being written out */
90 
91 	/* foreign inode detection, see wbc_detach_inode() */
92 	int wb_id;			/* current wb id */
93 	int wb_lcand_id;		/* last foreign candidate wb id */
94 	int wb_tcand_id;		/* this foreign candidate wb id */
95 	size_t wb_bytes;		/* bytes written by current wb */
96 	size_t wb_lcand_bytes;		/* bytes written by last candidate */
97 	size_t wb_tcand_bytes;		/* bytes written by this candidate */
98 #endif
99 };
100 
101 static inline blk_opf_t wbc_to_write_flags(struct writeback_control *wbc)
102 {
103 	blk_opf_t flags = 0;
104 
105 	if (wbc->sync_mode == WB_SYNC_ALL)
106 		flags |= REQ_SYNC;
107 	else if (wbc->for_kupdate || wbc->for_background)
108 		flags |= REQ_BACKGROUND;
109 
110 	return flags;
111 }
112 
113 #ifdef CONFIG_CGROUP_WRITEBACK
114 #define wbc_blkcg_css(wbc) \
115 	((wbc)->wb ? (wbc)->wb->blkcg_css : blkcg_root_css)
116 #else
117 #define wbc_blkcg_css(wbc)		(blkcg_root_css)
118 #endif /* CONFIG_CGROUP_WRITEBACK */
119 
120 /*
121  * A wb_domain represents a domain that wb's (bdi_writeback's) belong to
122  * and are measured against each other in.  There always is one global
123  * domain, global_wb_domain, that every wb in the system is a member of.
124  * This allows measuring the relative bandwidth of each wb to distribute
125  * dirtyable memory accordingly.
126  */
127 struct wb_domain {
128 	spinlock_t lock;
129 
130 	/*
131 	 * Scale the writeback cache size proportional to the relative
132 	 * writeout speed.
133 	 *
134 	 * We do this by keeping a floating proportion between BDIs, based
135 	 * on page writeback completions [end_page_writeback()]. Those
136 	 * devices that write out pages fastest will get the larger share,
137 	 * while the slower will get a smaller share.
138 	 *
139 	 * We use page writeout completions because we are interested in
140 	 * getting rid of dirty pages. Having them written out is the
141 	 * primary goal.
142 	 *
143 	 * We introduce a concept of time, a period over which we measure
144 	 * these events, because demand can/will vary over time. The length
145 	 * of this period itself is measured in page writeback completions.
146 	 */
147 	struct fprop_global completions;
148 	struct timer_list period_timer;	/* timer for aging of completions */
149 	unsigned long period_time;
150 
151 	/*
152 	 * The dirtyable memory and dirty threshold could be suddenly
153 	 * knocked down by a large amount (eg. on the startup of KVM in a
154 	 * swapless system). This may throw the system into deep dirty
155 	 * exceeded state and throttle heavy/light dirtiers alike. To
156 	 * retain good responsiveness, maintain global_dirty_limit for
157 	 * tracking slowly down to the knocked down dirty threshold.
158 	 *
159 	 * Both fields are protected by ->lock.
160 	 */
161 	unsigned long dirty_limit_tstamp;
162 	unsigned long dirty_limit;
163 };
164 
165 /**
166  * wb_domain_size_changed - memory available to a wb_domain has changed
167  * @dom: wb_domain of interest
168  *
169  * This function should be called when the amount of memory available to
170  * @dom has changed.  It resets @dom's dirty limit parameters to prevent
171  * the past values which don't match the current configuration from skewing
172  * dirty throttling.  Without this, when memory size of a wb_domain is
173  * greatly reduced, the dirty throttling logic may allow too many pages to
174  * be dirtied leading to consecutive unnecessary OOMs and may get stuck in
175  * that situation.
176  */
177 static inline void wb_domain_size_changed(struct wb_domain *dom)
178 {
179 	spin_lock(&dom->lock);
180 	dom->dirty_limit_tstamp = jiffies;
181 	dom->dirty_limit = 0;
182 	spin_unlock(&dom->lock);
183 }
184 
185 /*
186  * fs/fs-writeback.c
187  */
188 struct bdi_writeback;
189 void writeback_inodes_sb(struct super_block *, enum wb_reason reason);
190 void writeback_inodes_sb_nr(struct super_block *, unsigned long nr,
191 							enum wb_reason reason);
192 void try_to_writeback_inodes_sb(struct super_block *sb, enum wb_reason reason);
193 void sync_inodes_sb(struct super_block *);
194 void wakeup_flusher_threads(enum wb_reason reason);
195 void wakeup_flusher_threads_bdi(struct backing_dev_info *bdi,
196 				enum wb_reason reason);
197 void inode_wait_for_writeback(struct inode *inode);
198 void inode_io_list_del(struct inode *inode);
199 
200 /* writeback.h requires fs.h; it, too, is not included from here. */
201 static inline void wait_on_inode(struct inode *inode)
202 {
203 	wait_on_bit(&inode->i_state, __I_NEW, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
204 }
205 
206 #ifdef CONFIG_CGROUP_WRITEBACK
207 
208 #include <linux/cgroup.h>
209 #include <linux/bio.h>
210 
211 void __inode_attach_wb(struct inode *inode, struct folio *folio);
212 void wbc_attach_and_unlock_inode(struct writeback_control *wbc,
213 				 struct inode *inode)
214 	__releases(&inode->i_lock);
215 void wbc_detach_inode(struct writeback_control *wbc);
216 void wbc_account_cgroup_owner(struct writeback_control *wbc, struct page *page,
217 			      size_t bytes);
218 int cgroup_writeback_by_id(u64 bdi_id, int memcg_id,
219 			   enum wb_reason reason, struct wb_completion *done);
220 void cgroup_writeback_umount(void);
221 bool cleanup_offline_cgwb(struct bdi_writeback *wb);
222 
223 /**
224  * inode_attach_wb - associate an inode with its wb
225  * @inode: inode of interest
226  * @folio: folio being dirtied (may be NULL)
227  *
228  * If @inode doesn't have its wb, associate it with the wb matching the
229  * memcg of @folio or, if @folio is NULL, %current.  May be called w/ or w/o
230  * @inode->i_lock.
231  */
232 static inline void inode_attach_wb(struct inode *inode, struct folio *folio)
233 {
234 	if (!inode->i_wb)
235 		__inode_attach_wb(inode, folio);
236 }
237 
238 /**
239  * inode_detach_wb - disassociate an inode from its wb
240  * @inode: inode of interest
241  *
242  * @inode is being freed.  Detach from its wb.
243  */
244 static inline void inode_detach_wb(struct inode *inode)
245 {
246 	if (inode->i_wb) {
247 		WARN_ON_ONCE(!(inode->i_state & I_CLEAR));
248 		wb_put(inode->i_wb);
249 		inode->i_wb = NULL;
250 	}
251 }
252 
253 /**
254  * wbc_attach_fdatawrite_inode - associate wbc and inode for fdatawrite
255  * @wbc: writeback_control of interest
256  * @inode: target inode
257  *
258  * This function is to be used by __filemap_fdatawrite_range(), which is an
259  * alternative entry point into writeback code, and first ensures @inode is
260  * associated with a bdi_writeback and attaches it to @wbc.
261  */
262 static inline void wbc_attach_fdatawrite_inode(struct writeback_control *wbc,
263 					       struct inode *inode)
264 {
265 	spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
266 	inode_attach_wb(inode, NULL);
267 	wbc_attach_and_unlock_inode(wbc, inode);
268 }
269 
270 /**
271  * wbc_init_bio - writeback specific initializtion of bio
272  * @wbc: writeback_control for the writeback in progress
273  * @bio: bio to be initialized
274  *
275  * @bio is a part of the writeback in progress controlled by @wbc.  Perform
276  * writeback specific initialization.  This is used to apply the cgroup
277  * writeback context.  Must be called after the bio has been associated with
278  * a device.
279  */
280 static inline void wbc_init_bio(struct writeback_control *wbc, struct bio *bio)
281 {
282 	/*
283 	 * pageout() path doesn't attach @wbc to the inode being written
284 	 * out.  This is intentional as we don't want the function to block
285 	 * behind a slow cgroup.  Ultimately, we want pageout() to kick off
286 	 * regular writeback instead of writing things out itself.
287 	 */
288 	if (wbc->wb)
289 		bio_associate_blkg_from_css(bio, wbc->wb->blkcg_css);
290 }
291 
292 #else	/* CONFIG_CGROUP_WRITEBACK */
293 
294 static inline void inode_attach_wb(struct inode *inode, struct folio *folio)
295 {
296 }
297 
298 static inline void inode_detach_wb(struct inode *inode)
299 {
300 }
301 
302 static inline void wbc_attach_and_unlock_inode(struct writeback_control *wbc,
303 					       struct inode *inode)
304 	__releases(&inode->i_lock)
305 {
306 	spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
307 }
308 
309 static inline void wbc_attach_fdatawrite_inode(struct writeback_control *wbc,
310 					       struct inode *inode)
311 {
312 }
313 
314 static inline void wbc_detach_inode(struct writeback_control *wbc)
315 {
316 }
317 
318 static inline void wbc_init_bio(struct writeback_control *wbc, struct bio *bio)
319 {
320 }
321 
322 static inline void wbc_account_cgroup_owner(struct writeback_control *wbc,
323 					    struct page *page, size_t bytes)
324 {
325 }
326 
327 static inline void cgroup_writeback_umount(void)
328 {
329 }
330 
331 #endif	/* CONFIG_CGROUP_WRITEBACK */
332 
333 /*
334  * mm/page-writeback.c
335  */
336 void laptop_io_completion(struct backing_dev_info *info);
337 void laptop_sync_completion(void);
338 void laptop_mode_timer_fn(struct timer_list *t);
339 bool node_dirty_ok(struct pglist_data *pgdat);
340 int wb_domain_init(struct wb_domain *dom, gfp_t gfp);
341 #ifdef CONFIG_CGROUP_WRITEBACK
342 void wb_domain_exit(struct wb_domain *dom);
343 #endif
344 
345 extern struct wb_domain global_wb_domain;
346 
347 /* These are exported to sysctl. */
348 extern unsigned int dirty_writeback_interval;
349 extern unsigned int dirty_expire_interval;
350 extern unsigned int dirtytime_expire_interval;
351 extern int laptop_mode;
352 
353 int dirtytime_interval_handler(struct ctl_table *table, int write,
354 		void *buffer, size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos);
355 
356 void global_dirty_limits(unsigned long *pbackground, unsigned long *pdirty);
357 unsigned long wb_calc_thresh(struct bdi_writeback *wb, unsigned long thresh);
358 unsigned long cgwb_calc_thresh(struct bdi_writeback *wb);
359 
360 void wb_update_bandwidth(struct bdi_writeback *wb);
361 
362 /* Invoke balance dirty pages in async mode. */
363 #define BDP_ASYNC 0x0001
364 
365 void balance_dirty_pages_ratelimited(struct address_space *mapping);
366 int balance_dirty_pages_ratelimited_flags(struct address_space *mapping,
367 		unsigned int flags);
368 
369 bool wb_over_bg_thresh(struct bdi_writeback *wb);
370 
371 struct folio *writeback_iter(struct address_space *mapping,
372 		struct writeback_control *wbc, struct folio *folio, int *error);
373 
374 typedef int (*writepage_t)(struct folio *folio, struct writeback_control *wbc,
375 				void *data);
376 
377 int write_cache_pages(struct address_space *mapping,
378 		      struct writeback_control *wbc, writepage_t writepage,
379 		      void *data);
380 int do_writepages(struct address_space *mapping, struct writeback_control *wbc);
381 void writeback_set_ratelimit(void);
382 void tag_pages_for_writeback(struct address_space *mapping,
383 			     pgoff_t start, pgoff_t end);
384 
385 bool filemap_dirty_folio(struct address_space *mapping, struct folio *folio);
386 bool folio_redirty_for_writepage(struct writeback_control *, struct folio *);
387 bool redirty_page_for_writepage(struct writeback_control *, struct page *);
388 
389 void sb_mark_inode_writeback(struct inode *inode);
390 void sb_clear_inode_writeback(struct inode *inode);
391 
392 #endif		/* WRITEBACK_H */
393