xref: /freebsd/lib/libc/gen/exec.c (revision 8ccd0b876e67fda6249f294ff484798cc1e1569f)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #include "namespace.h"
33 #include <sys/param.h>
34 #include <sys/stat.h>
35 #include <errno.h>
36 #include <unistd.h>
37 #include <stdlib.h>
38 #include <string.h>
39 #include <stdio.h>
40 #include <paths.h>
41 
42 #include <stdarg.h>
43 #include "un-namespace.h"
44 #include "libc_private.h"
45 
46 static const char execvPe_err_preamble[] = "execvP: ";
47 static const char execvPe_err_trailer[] = ": path too long\n";
48 
49 int
execl(const char * name,const char * arg,...)50 execl(const char *name, const char *arg, ...)
51 {
52 	va_list ap;
53 	const char **argv;
54 	int n;
55 
56 	va_start(ap, arg);
57 	n = 1;
58 	while (va_arg(ap, char *) != NULL)
59 		n++;
60 	va_end(ap);
61 	argv = alloca((n + 1) * sizeof(*argv));
62 	if (argv == NULL) {
63 		errno = ENOMEM;
64 		return (-1);
65 	}
66 	va_start(ap, arg);
67 	n = 1;
68 	argv[0] = arg;
69 	while ((argv[n] = va_arg(ap, char *)) != NULL)
70 		n++;
71 	va_end(ap);
72 	return (_execve(name, __DECONST(char **, argv), environ));
73 }
74 
75 int
execle(const char * name,const char * arg,...)76 execle(const char *name, const char *arg, ...)
77 {
78 	va_list ap;
79 	const char **argv;
80 	char **envp;
81 	int n;
82 
83 	va_start(ap, arg);
84 	n = 1;
85 	while (va_arg(ap, char *) != NULL)
86 		n++;
87 	va_end(ap);
88 	argv = alloca((n + 1) * sizeof(*argv));
89 	if (argv == NULL) {
90 		errno = ENOMEM;
91 		return (-1);
92 	}
93 	va_start(ap, arg);
94 	n = 1;
95 	argv[0] = arg;
96 	while ((argv[n] = va_arg(ap, char *)) != NULL)
97 		n++;
98 	envp = va_arg(ap, char **);
99 	va_end(ap);
100 	return (_execve(name, __DECONST(char **, argv), envp));
101 }
102 
103 int
execlp(const char * name,const char * arg,...)104 execlp(const char *name, const char *arg, ...)
105 {
106 	va_list ap;
107 	const char **argv;
108 	int n;
109 
110 	va_start(ap, arg);
111 	n = 1;
112 	while (va_arg(ap, char *) != NULL)
113 		n++;
114 	va_end(ap);
115 	argv = alloca((n + 1) * sizeof(*argv));
116 	if (argv == NULL) {
117 		errno = ENOMEM;
118 		return (-1);
119 	}
120 	va_start(ap, arg);
121 	n = 1;
122 	argv[0] = arg;
123 	while ((argv[n] = va_arg(ap, char *)) != NULL)
124 		n++;
125 	va_end(ap);
126 	return (execvp(name, __DECONST(char **, argv)));
127 }
128 
129 int
execv(const char * name,char * const * argv)130 execv(const char *name, char * const *argv)
131 {
132 	(void)_execve(name, argv, environ);
133 	return (-1);
134 }
135 
136 int
execvp(const char * name,char * const * argv)137 execvp(const char *name, char * const *argv)
138 {
139 	return (execvpe(name, argv, environ));
140 }
141 
142 static int
execvPe(const char * name,const char * path,char * const * argv,char * const * envp)143 execvPe(const char *name, const char *path, char * const *argv,
144     char * const *envp)
145 {
146 	const char **memp;
147 	size_t cnt, lp, ln;
148 	int eacces, save_errno;
149 	char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
150 	const char *bp, *np, *op, *p;
151 	struct stat sb;
152 
153 	eacces = 0;
154 
155 	/* If it's an absolute or relative path name, it's easy. */
156 	if (strchr(name, '/')) {
157 		bp = name;
158 		op = NULL;
159 		goto retry;
160 	}
161 	bp = buf;
162 
163 	/* If it's an empty path name, fail in the usual POSIX way. */
164 	if (*name == '\0') {
165 		errno = ENOENT;
166 		return (-1);
167 	}
168 
169 	op = path;
170 	ln = strlen(name);
171 	while (op != NULL) {
172 		np = strchrnul(op, ':');
173 
174 		/*
175 		 * It's a SHELL path -- double, leading and trailing colons
176 		 * mean the current directory.
177 		 */
178 		if (np == op) {
179 			/* Empty component. */
180 			p = ".";
181 			lp = 1;
182 		} else {
183 			/* Non-empty component. */
184 			p = op;
185 			lp = np - op;
186 		}
187 
188 		/* Advance to the next component or terminate after this. */
189 		if (*np == '\0')
190 			op = NULL;
191 		else
192 			op = np + 1;
193 
194 		/*
195 		 * If the path is too long complain.  This is a possible
196 		 * security issue; given a way to make the path too long
197 		 * the user may execute the wrong program.
198 		 */
199 		if (lp + ln + 2 > sizeof(buf)) {
200 			(void)_write(STDERR_FILENO, execvPe_err_preamble,
201 			    sizeof(execvPe_err_preamble) - 1);
202 			(void)_write(STDERR_FILENO, p, lp);
203 			(void)_write(STDERR_FILENO, execvPe_err_trailer,
204 			    sizeof(execvPe_err_trailer) - 1);
205 			continue;
206 		}
207 		bcopy(p, buf, lp);
208 		buf[lp] = '/';
209 		bcopy(name, buf + lp + 1, ln);
210 		buf[lp + ln + 1] = '\0';
211 
212 retry:		(void)_execve(bp, argv, envp);
213 		switch (errno) {
214 		case E2BIG:
215 			goto done;
216 		case ELOOP:
217 		case ENAMETOOLONG:
218 		case ENOENT:
219 			break;
220 		case ENOEXEC:
221 			for (cnt = 0; argv[cnt]; ++cnt)
222 				;
223 
224 			/*
225 			 * cnt may be 0 above; always allocate at least
226 			 * 3 entries so that we can at least fit "sh", bp, and
227 			 * the NULL terminator.  We can rely on cnt to take into
228 			 * account the NULL terminator in all other scenarios,
229 			 * as we drop argv[0].
230 			 */
231 			memp = alloca(MAX(3, cnt + 2) * sizeof(char *));
232 			if (memp == NULL) {
233 				/* errno = ENOMEM; XXX override ENOEXEC? */
234 				goto done;
235 			}
236 			if (cnt > 0) {
237 				memp[0] = argv[0];
238 				memp[1] = bp;
239 				bcopy(argv + 1, memp + 2, cnt * sizeof(char *));
240 			} else {
241 				memp[0] = "sh";
242 				memp[1] = bp;
243 				memp[2] = NULL;
244 			}
245  			(void)_execve(_PATH_BSHELL,
246 			    __DECONST(char **, memp), envp);
247 			goto done;
248 		case ENOMEM:
249 			goto done;
250 		case ENOTDIR:
251 			break;
252 		case ETXTBSY:
253 			/*
254 			 * We used to retry here, but sh(1) doesn't.
255 			 */
256 			goto done;
257 		default:
258 			/*
259 			 * EACCES may be for an inaccessible directory or
260 			 * a non-executable file.  Call stat() to decide
261 			 * which.  This also handles ambiguities for EFAULT
262 			 * and EIO, and undocumented errors like ESTALE.
263 			 * We hope that the race for a stat() is unimportant.
264 			 */
265 			save_errno = errno;
266 			if (stat(bp, &sb) != 0)
267 				break;
268 			if (save_errno == EACCES) {
269 				eacces = 1;
270 				continue;
271 			}
272 			errno = save_errno;
273 			goto done;
274 		}
275 	}
276 	if (eacces)
277 		errno = EACCES;
278 	else
279 		errno = ENOENT;
280 done:
281 	return (-1);
282 }
283 
284 int
execvP(const char * name,const char * path,char * const argv[])285 execvP(const char *name, const char *path, char * const argv[])
286 {
287 	return execvPe(name, path, argv, environ);
288 }
289 
290 int
execvpe(const char * name,char * const argv[],char * const envp[])291 execvpe(const char *name, char * const argv[], char * const envp[])
292 {
293 	const char *path;
294 
295 	/* Get the path we're searching. */
296 	if ((path = getenv("PATH")) == NULL)
297 		path = _PATH_DEFPATH;
298 
299 	return (execvPe(name, path, argv, envp));
300 }
301