xref: /freebsd/usr.bin/genl/genl.c (revision d2e6eb6046560a848cf5627b4353a6fef1421ed4)
1 /*
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright 2023 Baptiste Daroussin <bapt@FreeBSD.org>
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted providing that the following conditions~
8  * are met:
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
17  * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
18  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY
19  * DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
20  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
21  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
22  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
23  * STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
24  * IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
25  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
26  */
27 
28 #include <sys/param.h>
29 #include <sys/module.h>
30 #include <sys/socket.h>
31 
32 #include <stdint.h>
33 #include <stdlib.h>
34 #include <unistd.h>
35 #include <err.h>
36 #include <stdio.h>
37 #include <poll.h>
38 
39 #include <netlink/netlink.h>
40 #include <netlink/netlink_generic.h>
41 #include <netlink/netlink_snl.h>
42 #include <netlink/netlink_snl_generic.h>
43 #include <netlink/netlink_sysevent.h>
44 
45 #include "genl.h"
46 
47 static int monitor_mcast(int argc, char **argv);
48 static int list_families(int argc, char **argv);
49 
50 static struct commands {
51 	const char *name;
52 	const char *usage;
53 	int (*cmd)(int argc, char **argv);
54 } cmds[] = {
55 	{ "monitor", "monitor <family> [multicast group]", monitor_mcast },
56 	{ "list", "list", list_families },
57 };
58 
59 static monitor_parser_t parser_nlctrl_notify;
60 static monitor_parser_t parser_nlsysevent;
61 
62 static struct mcast_parsers {
63 	const char *family;
64 	monitor_parser_t *parser;
65 } mcast_parsers [] = {
66 	{ "nlctrl", parser_nlctrl_notify },
67 	{ "nlsysevent", parser_nlsysevent },
68 	{ "rpc", parser_rpc },
69 };
70 
71 struct nlevent {
72 	const char *name;
73 	const char *subsystem;
74 	const char *type;
75 	const char *data;
76 };
77 #define _OUT(_field) offsetof(struct nlevent, _field)
78 static struct snl_attr_parser ap_nlevent_get[] = {
79 	{ .type = NLSE_ATTR_SYSTEM, .off = _OUT(name), .cb = snl_attr_get_string },
80 	{ .type = NLSE_ATTR_SUBSYSTEM, .off = _OUT(subsystem), .cb = snl_attr_get_string },
81 	{ .type = NLSE_ATTR_TYPE, .off = _OUT(type), .cb = snl_attr_get_string },
82 	{ .type = NLSE_ATTR_DATA, .off = _OUT(data), .cb = snl_attr_get_string },
83 };
84 #undef _OUT
85 SNL_DECLARE_GENL_PARSER(nlevent_get_parser, ap_nlevent_get);
86 
87 /*
88  * We run our own parser(s) for CTRL_CMD_GETFAMILY instead of interfaces
89  * provided by <netlink_snl_generic.h>.  One reason is that we want the parsed
90  * string attributes to point into long living memory, instead of inside of
91  * just received message, hence we use snl_attr_get_stringn() instead of the
92  * snl_attr_get_string().  The shared library uses the latter to avoid creating
93  * ambiguous memory leaks.  Second reason is that genl(1) usage of the data is
94  * more extended than typical application that cares only of its own family and
95  * usually one group.  We are going to cycle around all available.
96  */
97 struct genl_ctrl_op {
98 	uint32_t id;
99 	uint32_t flags;
100 };
101 struct genl_ctrl_ops {
102 	uint32_t num_ops;
103 	struct genl_ctrl_op **ops;
104 };
105 static struct snl_attr_parser nla_p_getops[] = {
106 #define _OUT(_field)	offsetof(struct genl_ctrl_op, _field)
107 	{
108 		.type = CTRL_ATTR_OP_ID,
109 		.off = _OUT(id),
110 		.cb = snl_attr_get_uint32
111 	},
112 	{
113 		.type = CTRL_ATTR_OP_FLAGS,
114 		.off = _OUT(flags),
115 		.cb = snl_attr_get_uint32
116 	},
117 #undef _OUT
118 };
119 SNL_DECLARE_ATTR_PARSER_EXT(genl_ctrl_op_parser, sizeof(struct genl_ctrl_op),
120     nla_p_getops, NULL);
121 
122 struct genl_mcast_group {
123 	uint32_t id;
124 	const char *name;
125 };
126 struct genl_mcast_groups {
127 	uint32_t num_groups;
128 	struct genl_mcast_group **groups;
129 };
130 static struct snl_attr_parser nla_p_getmc[] = {
131 #define	_OUT(_field)	offsetof(struct genl_mcast_group, _field)
132 	{
133 		.type = CTRL_ATTR_MCAST_GRP_NAME,
134 		.off = _OUT(name),
135 		.cb = snl_attr_get_stringn,
136 	},
137 	{
138 		.type = CTRL_ATTR_MCAST_GRP_ID,
139 		.off = _OUT(id),
140 		.cb = snl_attr_get_uint32,
141 	},
142 #undef _OUT
143 };
144 SNL_DECLARE_ATTR_PARSER_EXT(genl_mc_parser, sizeof(struct genl_mcast_group),
145     nla_p_getmc, NULL);
146 
147 struct genl_family {
148 	uint16_t id;
149 	const char *name;
150 	uint32_t version;
151 	uint32_t hdrsize;
152 	uint32_t max_attr;
153 	struct genl_mcast_groups mcast_groups;
154 	struct genl_ctrl_ops ops;
155 };
156 
157 static struct snl_attr_parser nla_p_getfamily[] = {
158 #define	_OUT(_field)	offsetof(struct genl_family, _field)
159 	{
160 		.type = CTRL_ATTR_FAMILY_ID,
161 		.off = _OUT(id),
162 		.cb = snl_attr_get_uint16,
163 	},
164 	{
165 		.type = CTRL_ATTR_FAMILY_NAME,
166 		.off = _OUT(name),
167 		.cb = snl_attr_get_stringn,
168 	},
169 	{
170 		.type = CTRL_ATTR_VERSION,
171 		.off = _OUT(version),
172 		.cb = snl_attr_get_uint32,
173 	},
174 	{
175 		.type = CTRL_ATTR_VERSION,
176 		.off = _OUT(hdrsize),
177 		.cb = snl_attr_get_uint32,
178 	},
179 	{
180 		.type = CTRL_ATTR_MAXATTR,
181 		.off = _OUT(max_attr),
182 		.cb = snl_attr_get_uint32,
183 	},
184 	{
185 		.type = CTRL_ATTR_OPS,
186 		.off = _OUT(ops),
187 		.cb = snl_attr_get_parray,
188 		.arg = &genl_ctrl_op_parser,
189 	},
190 	{
191 		.type = CTRL_ATTR_MCAST_GROUPS,
192 		.off = _OUT(mcast_groups),
193 		.cb = snl_attr_get_parray,
194 		.arg = &genl_mc_parser,
195 	},
196 #undef _OUT
197 };
198 SNL_DECLARE_GENL_PARSER(genl_family_parser, nla_p_getfamily);
199 
200 static struct op_capability {
201 	uint32_t flag;
202 	const char *str;
203 } op_caps[] = {
204 	{ GENL_ADMIN_PERM, "requires admin permission" },
205 	{ GENL_CMD_CAP_DO, "can modify" },
206 	{ GENL_CMD_CAP_DUMP, "can get/dump" },
207 	{ GENL_CMD_CAP_HASPOL, "has policy" },
208 };
209 
210 static void
dump_operations(struct genl_ctrl_ops * ops)211 dump_operations(struct genl_ctrl_ops *ops)
212 {
213 	if (ops->num_ops == 0)
214 		return;
215 	printf("\tsupported operations: \n");
216 	for (uint32_t i = 0; i < ops->num_ops; i++) {
217 		bool p = true;
218 
219 		printf("\t  - ID: %#02x, Capabilities: %#02x",
220 		    ops->ops[i]->id,
221 		    ops->ops[i]->flags);
222 		for (size_t j = 0; j < nitems(op_caps); j++)
223 			if ((ops->ops[i]->flags & op_caps[j].flag) ==
224 			    op_caps[j].flag) {
225 				printf("%s%s", p ? " (" : "; ",
226 				    op_caps[j].str);
227 				p = false;
228 			}
229 		printf("%s\n", p ? "" : ")");
230 	}
231 }
232 
233 static void
dump_mcast_groups(struct genl_mcast_groups * mcast_groups)234 dump_mcast_groups(struct genl_mcast_groups *mcast_groups)
235 {
236 	if (mcast_groups->num_groups == 0)
237 		return;
238 	printf("\tmulticast groups: \n");
239 	for (uint32_t i = 0; i < mcast_groups->num_groups; i++)
240 		printf("\t  - ID: %#02x, Name: %s\n",
241 		    mcast_groups->groups[i]->id,
242 		    mcast_groups->groups[i]->name);
243 }
244 
245 static void
usage(void)246 usage(void)
247 {
248 	fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s\n", getprogname());
249 	for (size_t i = 0; i < nitems(cmds); i++)
250 		fprintf(stderr, "       %s %s\n", getprogname(), cmds[i].usage);
251 }
252 
253 static void
dump_family(struct genl_family * family)254 dump_family(struct genl_family *family)
255 {
256 	printf("Name: %s\n\tID: %#02hx, Version: %#02x, "
257 	    "header size: %d, max attributes: %d\n",
258 	    family->name, family->id, family->version,
259 	    family->hdrsize, family->max_attr);
260 	dump_operations(&family->ops);
261 	dump_mcast_groups(&family->mcast_groups);
262 }
263 
264 static void
parser_nlctrl_notify(struct snl_state * ss,struct nlmsghdr * hdr)265 parser_nlctrl_notify(struct snl_state *ss, struct nlmsghdr *hdr)
266 {
267 	struct genl_family family = {};
268 
269 	if (snl_parse_nlmsg(ss, hdr, &genl_family_parser,
270 				&family))
271 		dump_family(&family);
272 }
273 
274 static void
parser_nlsysevent(struct snl_state * ss,struct nlmsghdr * hdr)275 parser_nlsysevent(struct snl_state *ss, struct nlmsghdr *hdr)
276 {
277 	struct nlevent ne = {};
278 	if (snl_parse_nlmsg(ss, hdr, &nlevent_get_parser, &ne)) {
279 		printf("system=%s subsystem=%s type=%s", ne.name, ne.subsystem, ne.type);
280 		if (ne.data) {
281 			printf(" %s", ne.data);
282 			if (ne.data[strlen(ne.data) -1] != '\n')
283 				printf("\n");
284 		}
285 	}
286 }
287 
288 static void
parser_fallback(struct snl_state * ss __unused,struct nlmsghdr * hdr)289 parser_fallback(struct snl_state *ss __unused, struct nlmsghdr *hdr)
290 {
291 	printf("Unknown message: type 0x%x, length %u\n",
292 	    hdr->nlmsg_type, hdr->nlmsg_len);
293 }
294 
295 /* Populated by monitor_mcast() and may be used by protocol parser callbacks. */
296 static struct genl_family attrs;
297 
298 const char *
group_name(uint32_t id)299 group_name(uint32_t id)
300 {
301 	for (u_int i = 0; i < attrs.mcast_groups.num_groups; i++)
302 		if (attrs.mcast_groups.groups[i]->id == id)
303 			return (attrs.mcast_groups.groups[i]->name);
304 	return ("???");
305 }
306 
307 static int
monitor_mcast(int argc,char ** argv)308 monitor_mcast(int argc, char **argv)
309 {
310 	struct snl_state ss;
311 	struct snl_writer nw;
312 	struct nlmsghdr *hdr;
313 	struct pollfd pfd;
314 	bool found = false;
315 	bool all = false;
316 	monitor_parser_t *parser;
317 
318 	if (argc < 1 || argc > 2) {
319 		usage();
320 		return (EXIT_FAILURE);
321 	}
322 
323 	if (!snl_init(&ss, NETLINK_GENERIC))
324 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "snl_init()");
325 	snl_init_writer(&ss, &nw);
326 	snl_create_genl_msg_request(&nw, GENL_ID_CTRL, CTRL_CMD_GETFAMILY);
327 	snl_add_msg_attr_string(&nw, CTRL_ATTR_FAMILY_NAME, argv[0]);
328 	if ((hdr = snl_finalize_msg(&nw)) == NULL)
329 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "snl_finalize_msg");
330 	if (!snl_send_message(&ss, hdr))
331 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "snl_send_message");
332 	hdr = snl_read_reply(&ss, hdr->nlmsg_seq);
333 	if (hdr == NULL)
334 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "snl_read_reply");
335 	if (hdr->nlmsg_type == NLMSG_ERROR)
336 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "netlink(4) returned error");
337 	memset(&attrs, 0, sizeof(attrs));
338 	if (!snl_parse_nlmsg(&ss, hdr, &genl_family_parser, &attrs))
339 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "snl_parse_nlmsg CTRL_CMD_GETFAMILY");
340 
341 	if (argc == 1)
342 		all = true;
343 	for (u_int i = 0; i < attrs.mcast_groups.num_groups; i++) {
344 		if (all ||
345 		    strcmp(attrs.mcast_groups.groups[i]->name, argv[1]) == 0) {
346 			found = true;
347 			if (setsockopt(ss.fd, SOL_NETLINK,
348 			    NETLINK_ADD_MEMBERSHIP,
349 			    &attrs.mcast_groups.groups[i]->id,
350 			    sizeof(attrs.mcast_groups.groups[i]->id))
351 			    == -1)
352 				err(EXIT_FAILURE, "Cannot subscribe to command "
353 				    "notify");
354 			if (!all)
355 				break;
356 		}
357 	}
358 	if (!found)
359 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "No such multicast group '%s'"
360 		    " in family '%s'", argv[1], argv[0]);
361 	parser = parser_fallback;
362 	for (size_t i= 0; i < nitems(mcast_parsers); i++) {
363 		if (strcmp(mcast_parsers[i].family, argv[0]) == 0) {
364 			parser = mcast_parsers[i].parser;
365 			break;
366 		}
367 	}
368 	memset(&pfd, 0, sizeof(pfd));
369 	pfd.fd = ss.fd;
370 	pfd.events = POLLIN | POLLERR;
371 	while (true) {
372 		pfd.revents = 0;
373 		if (poll(&pfd, 1, -1) == -1) {
374 			if (errno == EINTR)
375 				continue;
376 			err(EXIT_FAILURE, "poll()");
377 		}
378 		hdr = snl_read_message(&ss);
379 		if (hdr != NULL && hdr->nlmsg_type != NLMSG_ERROR)
380 			parser(&ss, hdr);
381 
382 	}
383 
384 	return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
385 }
386 
387 int
list_families(int argc,char ** argv __unused)388 list_families(int argc, char **argv __unused)
389 {
390 	struct snl_state ss;
391 	struct snl_writer nw;
392 	struct nlmsghdr *hdr;
393 	struct snl_errmsg_data e = {};
394 	uint32_t seq_id;
395 
396 	if (argc != 0) {
397 		usage();
398 		return (EXIT_FAILURE);
399 	}
400 	if (!snl_init(&ss, NETLINK_GENERIC))
401 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "snl_init()");
402 
403 	snl_init_writer(&ss, &nw);
404 	hdr = snl_create_genl_msg_request(&nw, GENL_ID_CTRL,
405 	    CTRL_CMD_GETFAMILY);
406 	if ((hdr = snl_finalize_msg(&nw)) == NULL)
407 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "snl_finalize_msg");
408 	seq_id = hdr->nlmsg_seq;
409 	if (!snl_send_message(&ss, hdr))
410 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "snl_send_message");
411 
412 	while ((hdr = snl_read_reply_multi(&ss, seq_id, &e)) != NULL) {
413 		if (e.error != 0) {
414 			err(EXIT_FAILURE, "Error reading generic netlink");
415 		}
416 		struct genl_family family = {};
417 		if (snl_parse_nlmsg(&ss, hdr, &genl_family_parser, &family))
418 			dump_family(&family);
419 	}
420 
421 	return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
422 }
423 
424 int
main(int argc,char ** argv)425 main(int argc, char **argv)
426 {
427 	if (modfind("netlink") == -1)
428 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "require netlink module to be loaded");
429 
430 	if (argc == 1)
431 		return (list_families(0, NULL));
432 
433 	for (size_t i = 0; i < nitems(cmds); i++) {
434 		if (strcmp(argv[1], cmds[i].name) == 0)
435 			return (cmds[i].cmd(argc - 2, argv + 2));
436 	}
437 	usage();
438 
439 	return (EXIT_FAILURE);
440 }
441