xref: /freebsd/sys/netinet/cc/cc_cubic.c (revision a2f579635f6726b2eb3e7f622985fde1abcd0d82)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2008-2010 Lawrence Stewart <lstewart@freebsd.org>
5  * Copyright (c) 2010 The FreeBSD Foundation
6  * All rights reserved.
7  *
8  * This software was developed by Lawrence Stewart while studying at the Centre
9  * for Advanced Internet Architectures, Swinburne University of Technology, made
10  * possible in part by a grant from the Cisco University Research Program Fund
11  * at Community Foundation Silicon Valley.
12  *
13  * Portions of this software were developed at the Centre for Advanced
14  * Internet Architectures, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne,
15  * Australia by David Hayes under sponsorship from the FreeBSD Foundation.
16  *
17  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
18  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
19  * are met:
20  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
21  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
22  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
23  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
24  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
25  *
26  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
27  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
28  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
29  * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
30  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
31  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
32  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
33  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
34  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
35  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
36  * SUCH DAMAGE.
37  */
38 
39 /*
40  * An implementation of the CUBIC congestion control algorithm for FreeBSD,
41  * based on the Internet RFC9438 by Xu, Ha, Rhee, Goel, and Eggert.
42  * Originally released as part of the NewTCP research project at Swinburne
43  * University of Technology's Centre for Advanced Internet Architectures,
44  * Melbourne, Australia, which was made possible in part by a grant from the
45  * Cisco University Research Program Fund at Community Foundation Silicon
46  * Valley. More details are available at:
47  *   http://caia.swin.edu.au/urp/newtcp/
48  */
49 
50 #include <sys/param.h>
51 #include <sys/kernel.h>
52 #include <sys/limits.h>
53 #include <sys/malloc.h>
54 #include <sys/module.h>
55 #include <sys/socket.h>
56 #include <sys/socketvar.h>
57 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
58 #include <sys/systm.h>
59 
60 #include <net/vnet.h>
61 
62 #include <net/route.h>
63 #include <net/route/nhop.h>
64 
65 #include <netinet/in_pcb.h>
66 #include <netinet/tcp.h>
67 #include <netinet/tcp_seq.h>
68 #include <netinet/tcp_timer.h>
69 #include <netinet/tcp_var.h>
70 #include <netinet/tcp_log_buf.h>
71 #include <netinet/tcp_hpts.h>
72 #include <netinet/cc/cc.h>
73 #include <netinet/cc/cc_cubic.h>
74 #include <netinet/cc/cc_module.h>
75 
76 static void	cubic_ack_received(struct cc_var *ccv, ccsignal_t type);
77 static void	cubic_cb_destroy(struct cc_var *ccv);
78 static int	cubic_cb_init(struct cc_var *ccv, void *ptr);
79 static void	cubic_cong_signal(struct cc_var *ccv, ccsignal_t type);
80 static void	cubic_conn_init(struct cc_var *ccv);
81 static int	cubic_mod_init(void);
82 static void	cubic_post_recovery(struct cc_var *ccv);
83 static void	cubic_record_rtt(struct cc_var *ccv);
84 static uint32_t	cubic_get_ssthresh(struct cc_var *ccv, uint32_t maxseg);
85 static void	cubic_after_idle(struct cc_var *ccv);
86 static size_t	cubic_data_sz(void);
87 static void	cubic_newround(struct cc_var *ccv, uint32_t round_cnt);
88 static void	cubic_rttsample(struct cc_var *ccv, uint32_t usec_rtt,
89        uint32_t rxtcnt, uint32_t fas);
90 
91 struct cc_algo cubic_cc_algo = {
92 	.name = "cubic",
93 	.ack_received = cubic_ack_received,
94 	.cb_destroy = cubic_cb_destroy,
95 	.cb_init = cubic_cb_init,
96 	.cong_signal = cubic_cong_signal,
97 	.conn_init = cubic_conn_init,
98 	.mod_init = cubic_mod_init,
99 	.post_recovery = cubic_post_recovery,
100 	.after_idle = cubic_after_idle,
101 	.cc_data_sz = cubic_data_sz,
102 	.rttsample = cubic_rttsample,
103 	.newround = cubic_newround
104 };
105 
106 static void
cubic_log_hystart_event(struct cc_var * ccv,struct cubic * cubicd,uint8_t mod,uint32_t flex1)107 cubic_log_hystart_event(struct cc_var *ccv, struct cubic *cubicd, uint8_t mod, uint32_t flex1)
108 {
109 	/*
110 	 * Types of logs (mod value)
111 	 * 1 - rtt_thresh in flex1, checking to see if RTT is to great.
112 	 * 2 - rtt is too great, rtt_thresh in flex1.
113 	 * 3 - CSS is active incr in flex1
114 	 * 4 - A new round is beginning flex1 is round count
115 	 * 5 - A new RTT measurement flex1 is the new measurement.
116 	 * 6 - We enter CA ssthresh is also in flex1.
117 	 * 7 - Socket option to change hystart executed opt.val in flex1.
118 	 * 8 - Back out of CSS into SS, flex1 is the css_baseline_minrtt
119 	 * 9 - We enter CA, via an ECN mark.
120 	 * 10 - We enter CA, via a loss.
121 	 * 11 - We have slipped out of SS into CA via cwnd growth.
122 	 * 12 - After idle has re-enabled hystart++
123 	 */
124 	struct tcpcb *tp;
125 
126 	if (hystart_bblogs == 0)
127 		return;
128 	tp = ccv->tp;
129 	if (tcp_bblogging_on(tp)) {
130 		union tcp_log_stackspecific log;
131 		struct timeval tv;
132 
133 		memset(&log, 0, sizeof(log));
134 		log.u_bbr.flex1 = flex1;
135 		log.u_bbr.flex2 = cubicd->css_current_round_minrtt;
136 		log.u_bbr.flex3 = cubicd->css_lastround_minrtt;
137 		log.u_bbr.flex4 = cubicd->css_rttsample_count;
138 		log.u_bbr.flex5 = cubicd->css_entered_at_round;
139 		log.u_bbr.flex6 = cubicd->css_baseline_minrtt;
140 		/* We only need bottom 16 bits of flags */
141 		log.u_bbr.flex7 = cubicd->flags & 0x0000ffff;
142 		log.u_bbr.flex8 = mod;
143 		log.u_bbr.epoch = cubicd->css_current_round;
144 		log.u_bbr.timeStamp = tcp_get_usecs(&tv);
145 		log.u_bbr.lt_epoch = cubicd->css_fas_at_css_entry;
146 		log.u_bbr.pkts_out = cubicd->css_last_fas;
147 		log.u_bbr.delivered = cubicd->css_lowrtt_fas;
148 		log.u_bbr.pkt_epoch = ccv->flags;
149 		TCP_LOG_EVENTP(tp, NULL,
150 		    &tptosocket(tp)->so_rcv,
151 		    &tptosocket(tp)->so_snd,
152 		    TCP_HYSTART, 0,
153 		    0, &log, false, &tv);
154 	}
155 }
156 
157 static void
cubic_does_slow_start(struct cc_var * ccv,struct cubic * cubicd)158 cubic_does_slow_start(struct cc_var *ccv, struct cubic *cubicd)
159 {
160 	/*
161 	 * In slow-start with ABC enabled and no RTO in sight?
162 	 * (Must not use abc_l_var > 1 if slow starting after
163 	 * an RTO. On RTO, snd_nxt = snd_una, so the
164 	 * snd_nxt == snd_max check is sufficient to
165 	 * handle this).
166 	 *
167 	 * XXXLAS: Find a way to signal SS after RTO that
168 	 * doesn't rely on tcpcb vars.
169 	 */
170 	u_int cw = CCV(ccv, snd_cwnd);
171 	uint32_t mss = tcp_fixed_maxseg(ccv->tp);
172 	u_int incr = mss;
173 	uint16_t abc_val;
174 
175 	cubicd->flags |= CUBICFLAG_IN_SLOWSTART;
176 	if (ccv->flags & CCF_USE_LOCAL_ABC)
177 		abc_val = ccv->labc;
178 	else
179 		abc_val = V_tcp_abc_l_var;
180 	if ((ccv->flags & CCF_HYSTART_ALLOWED) &&
181 	    (cubicd->flags & CUBICFLAG_HYSTART_ENABLED) &&
182 	    ((cubicd->flags & CUBICFLAG_HYSTART_IN_CSS) == 0)) {
183 		/*
184 		 * Hystart is allowed and still enabled and we are not yet
185 		 * in CSS. Lets check to see if we can make a decision on
186 		 * if we need to go into CSS.
187 		 */
188 		if ((cubicd->css_rttsample_count >= hystart_n_rttsamples) &&
189 		    (cubicd->css_current_round_minrtt != 0xffffffff) &&
190 		    (cubicd->css_lastround_minrtt != 0xffffffff)) {
191 			uint32_t rtt_thresh;
192 
193 			/* Clamp (minrtt_thresh, lastround/8, maxrtt_thresh) */
194 			rtt_thresh = (cubicd->css_lastround_minrtt >> 3);
195 			if (rtt_thresh < hystart_minrtt_thresh)
196 				rtt_thresh = hystart_minrtt_thresh;
197 			if (rtt_thresh > hystart_maxrtt_thresh)
198 				rtt_thresh = hystart_maxrtt_thresh;
199 			cubic_log_hystart_event(ccv, cubicd, 1, rtt_thresh);
200 
201 			if (cubicd->css_current_round_minrtt >= (cubicd->css_lastround_minrtt + rtt_thresh)) {
202 				/* Enter CSS */
203 				cubicd->flags |= CUBICFLAG_HYSTART_IN_CSS;
204 				cubicd->css_fas_at_css_entry = cubicd->css_lowrtt_fas;
205 				/*
206 				 * The draft (v4) calls for us to set baseline to css_current_round_min
207 				 * but that can cause an oscillation. We probably shoudl be using
208 				 * css_lastround_minrtt, but the authors insist that will cause
209 				 * issues on exiting early. We will leave the draft version for now
210 				 * but I suspect this is incorrect.
211 				 */
212 				cubicd->css_baseline_minrtt = cubicd->css_current_round_minrtt;
213 				cubicd->css_entered_at_round = cubicd->css_current_round;
214 				cubic_log_hystart_event(ccv, cubicd, 2, rtt_thresh);
215 			}
216 		}
217 	}
218 	if (CCV(ccv, snd_nxt) == CCV(ccv, snd_max))
219 		incr = min(ccv->bytes_this_ack,
220 			   ccv->nsegs * abc_val * mss);
221 	else
222 		incr = min(ccv->bytes_this_ack, mss);
223 
224 	/* Only if Hystart is enabled will the flag get set */
225 	if (cubicd->flags & CUBICFLAG_HYSTART_IN_CSS) {
226 		incr /= hystart_css_growth_div;
227 		cubic_log_hystart_event(ccv, cubicd, 3, incr);
228 	}
229 	/* ABC is on by default, so incr equals 0 frequently. */
230 	if (incr > 0)
231 		CCV(ccv, snd_cwnd) = min((cw + incr),
232 					 TCP_MAXWIN << CCV(ccv, snd_scale));
233 }
234 
235 static void
cubic_ack_received(struct cc_var * ccv,ccsignal_t type)236 cubic_ack_received(struct cc_var *ccv, ccsignal_t type)
237 {
238 	struct cubic *cubic_data;
239 	uint32_t W_est, W_cubic, cwin, target, incr;
240 	int usecs_since_epoch;
241 	uint32_t mss = tcp_fixed_maxseg(ccv->tp);
242 
243 	cwin = CCV(ccv, snd_cwnd);
244 	cubic_data = ccv->cc_data;
245 	cubic_record_rtt(ccv);
246 
247 	/*
248 	 * For a regular ACK and we're not in cong/fast recovery and
249 	 * we're cwnd limited, always recalculate cwnd.
250 	 */
251 	if (type == CC_ACK && !IN_RECOVERY(CCV(ccv, t_flags)) &&
252 	    (ccv->flags & CCF_CWND_LIMITED)) {
253 		 /* Use the logic in NewReno ack_received() for slow start. */
254 		if (cwin <= CCV(ccv, snd_ssthresh) ||
255 		    cubic_data->min_rtt_usecs == TCPTV_SRTTBASE) {
256 			cubic_does_slow_start(ccv, cubic_data);
257 		} else {
258 			if (cubic_data->flags & CUBICFLAG_HYSTART_IN_CSS) {
259 				/*
260 				 * We have slipped into CA with
261 				 * CSS active. Deactivate all.
262 				 */
263 				/* Turn off the CSS flag */
264 				cubic_data->flags &= ~CUBICFLAG_HYSTART_IN_CSS;
265 				/* Disable use of CSS in the future except long idle  */
266 				cubic_data->flags &= ~CUBICFLAG_HYSTART_ENABLED;
267 				cubic_log_hystart_event(ccv, cubic_data, 11, CCV(ccv, snd_ssthresh));
268 			}
269 			if (cubic_data->flags & (CUBICFLAG_IN_SLOWSTART |
270 						 CUBICFLAG_CONG_EVENT   |
271 						 CUBICFLAG_IN_APPLIMIT)) {
272 				/*
273 				 * At the beginning of the current congestion
274 				 * avoidance stage, The epoch variables
275 				 * (t_epoch, cwnd_epoch, K) are updated in the
276 				 * following three cases:
277 				 * 1) just exited the slow start
278 				 * 2) after a congestion event
279 				 * 3) application-limited
280 				 */
281 				cubic_data->t_epoch = ticks;
282 				cubic_data->cwnd_epoch = cwin;
283 				cubic_data->K = cubic_k(cubic_data->W_max / mss,
284 							cubic_data->cwnd_epoch / mss);
285 				cubic_data->flags &= ~(CUBICFLAG_IN_SLOWSTART |
286 						       CUBICFLAG_CONG_EVENT   |
287 						       CUBICFLAG_IN_APPLIMIT);
288 
289 				if (cubic_data->flags & CUBICFLAG_RTO_EVENT) {
290 					/* RFC9438 Section 4.8: Timeout */
291 					cubic_data->flags &= ~CUBICFLAG_RTO_EVENT;
292 					cubic_data->W_max = cwin;
293 					cubic_data->K = 0;
294 				}
295 			}
296 			usecs_since_epoch = (ticks - cubic_data->t_epoch) * tick;
297 			if (usecs_since_epoch < 0) {
298 				/*
299 				 * dragging t_epoch along
300 				 */
301 				usecs_since_epoch = INT_MAX;
302 				cubic_data->t_epoch = ticks - INT_MAX;
303 			}
304 			W_est = tf_cwnd(ccv);
305 			/*
306 			 * The mean RTT is used to best reflect the equations.
307 			 */
308 			W_cubic = cubic_cwnd(usecs_since_epoch +
309 					     cubic_data->mean_rtt_usecs,
310 					     cubic_data->W_max,
311 					     mss,
312 					     cubic_data->K);
313 
314 			if (W_cubic < W_est) {
315 				/* RFC9438 Section 4.3: Reno-friendly region */
316 				CCV(ccv, snd_cwnd) = W_est;
317 				cubic_data->flags |= CUBICFLAG_IN_TF;
318 			} else {
319 				/*
320 				 * RFC9438 Section 4.4 or 4.5:
321 				 * Concave or Convex Region
322 				 */
323 				if (W_cubic < cwin) {
324 					target = cwin;
325 				} else if (W_cubic > ((cwin * 3) >> 1)) {
326 					target = (cwin * 3) >> 1;
327 				} else {
328 					target = W_cubic;
329 				}
330 				incr = (((target - cwin) << CUBIC_SHIFT) /
331 					cwin * mss) >> CUBIC_SHIFT;
332 				CCV(ccv, snd_cwnd) = cwin + incr;
333 			}
334 		}
335 	} else if (type == CC_ACK && !IN_RECOVERY(CCV(ccv, t_flags)) &&
336 	    !(ccv->flags & CCF_CWND_LIMITED)) {
337 		cubic_data->flags |= CUBICFLAG_IN_APPLIMIT;
338 	}
339 }
340 
341 /*
342  * This is a CUBIC specific implementation of after_idle.
343  *   - Reset cwnd by calling New Reno implementation of after_idle.
344  *   - Reset t_epoch.
345  */
346 static void
cubic_after_idle(struct cc_var * ccv)347 cubic_after_idle(struct cc_var *ccv)
348 {
349 	struct cubic *cubic_data = ccv->cc_data;
350 	uint32_t mss = tcp_fixed_maxseg(ccv->tp);
351 
352 	cubic_data->W_max = ulmax(cubic_data->W_max, CCV(ccv, snd_cwnd));
353 	cubic_data->K = cubic_k(cubic_data->W_max / mss, cubic_data->cwnd_epoch / mss);
354 	if ((cubic_data->flags & CUBICFLAG_HYSTART_ENABLED) == 0) {
355 		/*
356 		 * Re-enable hystart if we have been idle.
357 		 */
358 		cubic_data->flags &= ~CUBICFLAG_HYSTART_IN_CSS;
359 		cubic_data->flags |= CUBICFLAG_HYSTART_ENABLED;
360 		cubic_log_hystart_event(ccv, cubic_data, 12, CCV(ccv, snd_ssthresh));
361 	}
362 	newreno_cc_after_idle(ccv);
363 	cubic_data->t_epoch = ticks;
364 }
365 
366 static void
cubic_cb_destroy(struct cc_var * ccv)367 cubic_cb_destroy(struct cc_var *ccv)
368 {
369 	free(ccv->cc_data, M_CC_MEM);
370 }
371 
372 static size_t
cubic_data_sz(void)373 cubic_data_sz(void)
374 {
375 	return (sizeof(struct cubic));
376 }
377 
378 static int
cubic_cb_init(struct cc_var * ccv,void * ptr)379 cubic_cb_init(struct cc_var *ccv, void *ptr)
380 {
381 	struct cubic *cubic_data;
382 
383 	INP_WLOCK_ASSERT(tptoinpcb(ccv->tp));
384 	if (ptr == NULL) {
385 		cubic_data = malloc(sizeof(struct cubic), M_CC_MEM, M_NOWAIT|M_ZERO);
386 		if (cubic_data == NULL)
387 			return (ENOMEM);
388 	} else
389 		cubic_data = ptr;
390 
391 	/* Init some key variables with sensible defaults. */
392 	cubic_data->t_epoch = 0;
393 	cubic_data->cwnd_epoch = 0;
394 	cubic_data->K = 0;
395 	cubic_data->min_rtt_usecs = TCPTV_SRTTBASE;
396 	cubic_data->mean_rtt_usecs = 1;
397 
398 	ccv->cc_data = cubic_data;
399 	cubic_data->flags = CUBICFLAG_HYSTART_ENABLED;
400 	/* At init set both to infinity */
401 	cubic_data->css_lastround_minrtt = 0xffffffff;
402 	cubic_data->css_current_round_minrtt = 0xffffffff;
403 	cubic_data->css_current_round = 0;
404 	cubic_data->css_baseline_minrtt = 0xffffffff;
405 	cubic_data->css_rttsample_count = 0;
406 	cubic_data->css_entered_at_round = 0;
407 	cubic_data->css_fas_at_css_entry = 0;
408 	cubic_data->css_lowrtt_fas = 0;
409 	cubic_data->css_last_fas = 0;
410 
411 	return (0);
412 }
413 
414 /*
415  * Perform any necessary tasks before we enter congestion recovery.
416  */
417 static void
cubic_cong_signal(struct cc_var * ccv,ccsignal_t type)418 cubic_cong_signal(struct cc_var *ccv, ccsignal_t type)
419 {
420 	struct cubic *cubic_data;
421 	uint32_t mss, pipe, ssthresh;
422 
423 	cubic_data = ccv->cc_data;
424 	mss = tcp_fixed_maxseg(ccv->tp);
425 
426 	switch (type) {
427 	case CC_NDUPACK:
428 		if (cubic_data->flags & CUBICFLAG_HYSTART_ENABLED) {
429 			/* Make sure the flags are all off we had a loss */
430 			cubic_data->flags &= ~CUBICFLAG_HYSTART_ENABLED;
431 			cubic_data->flags &= ~CUBICFLAG_HYSTART_IN_CSS;
432 			cubic_log_hystart_event(ccv, cubic_data, 10, CCV(ccv, snd_ssthresh));
433 		}
434 		if (!IN_FASTRECOVERY(CCV(ccv, t_flags))) {
435 			if (!IN_CONGRECOVERY(CCV(ccv, t_flags))) {
436 				ssthresh = cubic_get_ssthresh(ccv, mss);
437 				CCV(ccv, snd_ssthresh) = max(ssthresh, 2 * mss);
438 				/*
439 				 * The congestion flag will recalculate K at the
440 				 * beginning of the congestion avoidance stage.
441 				 */
442 				cubic_data->flags |= CUBICFLAG_CONG_EVENT;
443 			}
444 			ENTER_RECOVERY(CCV(ccv, t_flags));
445 		}
446 		break;
447 
448 	case CC_ECN:
449 		if (cubic_data->flags & CUBICFLAG_HYSTART_ENABLED) {
450 			/* Make sure the flags are all off we had a loss */
451 			cubic_data->flags &= ~CUBICFLAG_HYSTART_ENABLED;
452 			cubic_data->flags &= ~CUBICFLAG_HYSTART_IN_CSS;
453 			cubic_log_hystart_event(ccv, cubic_data, 9, CCV(ccv, snd_ssthresh));
454 		}
455 		if (!IN_CONGRECOVERY(CCV(ccv, t_flags))) {
456 			ssthresh = cubic_get_ssthresh(ccv, mss);
457 			CCV(ccv, snd_ssthresh) = max(ssthresh, 2 * mss);
458 			CCV(ccv, snd_cwnd) = max(ssthresh, mss);
459 			/*
460 			 * The congestion flag will recalculate K at the
461 			 * beginning of the congestion avoidance stage.
462 			 */
463 			cubic_data->flags |= CUBICFLAG_CONG_EVENT;
464 			ENTER_CONGRECOVERY(CCV(ccv, t_flags));
465 		}
466 		break;
467 
468 	case CC_RTO:
469 		/* RFC9438 Section 4.8: Timeout */
470 		if (CCV(ccv, t_rxtshift) == 1) {
471 			/*
472 			 * Remember the state only for the first RTO event. This
473 			 * will help us restore the state to the values seen
474 			 * at the most recent congestion avoidance stage before
475 			 * the current RTO event.
476 			 */
477 			cubic_data->undo_t_epoch = cubic_data->t_epoch;
478 			cubic_data->undo_cwnd_epoch = cubic_data->cwnd_epoch;
479 			cubic_data->undo_W_max = cubic_data->W_max;
480 			cubic_data->undo_K = cubic_data->K;
481 			pipe = tcp_compute_pipe(ccv->tp);
482 			CCV(ccv, snd_ssthresh) = max(2,
483 				(((uint64_t)min(CCV(ccv, snd_wnd), pipe) *
484 				CUBIC_BETA) >> CUBIC_SHIFT) / mss) * mss;
485 		}
486 		/*
487 		 * The RTO flag will recalculate K at the
488 		 * beginning of the congestion avoidance stage.
489 		 */
490 		cubic_data->flags |= CUBICFLAG_RTO_EVENT;
491 		CCV(ccv, snd_cwnd) = mss;
492 		break;
493 
494 	case CC_RTO_ERR:
495 		cubic_data->flags &= ~CUBICFLAG_RTO_EVENT;
496 		cubic_data->K = cubic_data->undo_K;
497 		cubic_data->W_max = cubic_data->undo_W_max;
498 		cubic_data->cwnd_epoch = cubic_data->undo_cwnd_epoch;
499 		cubic_data->t_epoch = cubic_data->undo_t_epoch;
500 		break;
501 	default:
502 		break;
503 	}
504 }
505 
506 static void
cubic_conn_init(struct cc_var * ccv)507 cubic_conn_init(struct cc_var *ccv)
508 {
509 	struct cubic *cubic_data;
510 
511 	cubic_data = ccv->cc_data;
512 
513 	/*
514 	 * Ensure we have a sane initial value for W_max recorded. Without
515 	 * this here bad things happen when entries from the TCP hostcache
516 	 * get used.
517 	 */
518 	cubic_data->W_max = UINT_MAX;
519 }
520 
521 static int
cubic_mod_init(void)522 cubic_mod_init(void)
523 {
524 	return (0);
525 }
526 
527 /*
528  * Perform any necessary tasks before we exit congestion recovery.
529  */
530 static void
cubic_post_recovery(struct cc_var * ccv)531 cubic_post_recovery(struct cc_var *ccv)
532 {
533 	struct cubic *cubic_data;
534 	int pipe;
535 	uint32_t mss = tcp_fixed_maxseg(ccv->tp);
536 
537 	cubic_data = ccv->cc_data;
538 	pipe = 0;
539 
540 	if (IN_FASTRECOVERY(CCV(ccv, t_flags))) {
541 		/*
542 		 * If inflight data is less than ssthresh, set cwnd
543 		 * conservatively to avoid a burst of data, as suggested in
544 		 * the NewReno RFC. Otherwise, use the CUBIC method.
545 		 */
546 		pipe = tcp_compute_pipe(ccv->tp);
547 		if (pipe < CCV(ccv, snd_ssthresh))
548 			/*
549 			 * Ensure that cwnd does not collapse to 1 MSS under
550 			 * adverse conditions. Implements RFC6582
551 			 */
552 			CCV(ccv, snd_cwnd) = max(pipe, mss) + mss;
553 		else
554 			/* Update cwnd based on beta and adjusted W_max. */
555 			CCV(ccv, snd_cwnd) = max(((uint64_t)cubic_data->W_max *
556 			    CUBIC_BETA) >> CUBIC_SHIFT,
557 			    2 * mss);
558 	}
559 
560 	/* Calculate the average RTT between congestion epochs. */
561 	if (cubic_data->epoch_ack_count > 0 &&
562 	    cubic_data->sum_rtt_usecs >= cubic_data->epoch_ack_count) {
563 		cubic_data->mean_rtt_usecs = (int)(cubic_data->sum_rtt_usecs /
564 		    cubic_data->epoch_ack_count);
565 	}
566 
567 	cubic_data->epoch_ack_count = 0;
568 	cubic_data->sum_rtt_usecs = 0;
569 }
570 
571 /*
572  * Record the min RTT and sum samples for the epoch average RTT calculation.
573  */
574 static void
cubic_record_rtt(struct cc_var * ccv)575 cubic_record_rtt(struct cc_var *ccv)
576 {
577 	struct cubic *cubic_data;
578 	uint32_t t_srtt_usecs;
579 
580 	/* Ignore srtt until a min number of samples have been taken. */
581 	if (CCV(ccv, t_rttupdated) >= CUBIC_MIN_RTT_SAMPLES) {
582 		cubic_data = ccv->cc_data;
583 		t_srtt_usecs = tcp_get_srtt(ccv->tp,
584 					    TCP_TMR_GRANULARITY_USEC);
585 		/*
586 		 * Record the current SRTT as our minrtt if it's the smallest
587 		 * we've seen or minrtt is currently equal to its initialised
588 		 * value.
589 		 *
590 		 * XXXLAS: Should there be some hysteresis for minrtt?
591 		 */
592 		if ((t_srtt_usecs < cubic_data->min_rtt_usecs ||
593 		    cubic_data->min_rtt_usecs == TCPTV_SRTTBASE)) {
594 			/* A minimal rtt is a single unshifted tick of a ticks
595 			 * timer. */
596 			cubic_data->min_rtt_usecs = max(tick >> TCP_RTT_SHIFT,
597 							t_srtt_usecs);
598 
599 			/*
600 			 * If the connection is within its first congestion
601 			 * epoch, ensure we prime mean_rtt_usecs with a
602 			 * reasonable value until the epoch average RTT is
603 			 * calculated in cubic_post_recovery().
604 			 */
605 			if (cubic_data->min_rtt_usecs >
606 			    cubic_data->mean_rtt_usecs)
607 				cubic_data->mean_rtt_usecs =
608 				    cubic_data->min_rtt_usecs;
609 		}
610 
611 		/* Sum samples for epoch average RTT calculation. */
612 		cubic_data->sum_rtt_usecs += t_srtt_usecs;
613 		cubic_data->epoch_ack_count++;
614 	}
615 }
616 
617 /*
618  * Return the new value for ssthresh in the event of a congestion.
619  */
620 static uint32_t
cubic_get_ssthresh(struct cc_var * ccv,uint32_t maxseg)621 cubic_get_ssthresh(struct cc_var *ccv, uint32_t maxseg)
622 {
623 	struct cubic *cubic_data;
624 	uint32_t cwnd, pipe;
625 
626 	cubic_data = ccv->cc_data;
627 	cwnd = CCV(ccv, snd_cwnd);
628 
629 	/* RFC9438 Section 4.7: Fast convergence */
630 	if (cwnd < cubic_data->W_max) {
631 		cwnd = ((uint64_t)cwnd * CUBIC_FC_FACTOR) >> CUBIC_SHIFT;
632 	}
633 	cubic_data->W_max = cwnd;
634 
635 	if (cubic_data->flags & CUBICFLAG_IN_TF) {
636 		/* If in the TCP friendly region, follow what newreno does. */
637 		return (newreno_cc_cwnd_on_multiplicative_decrease(ccv, maxseg));
638 
639 	} else {
640 		/*
641 		 * RFC9438 Section 4.6: Multiplicative Decrease
642 		 * Outside the TCP friendly region, set ssthresh to the size of
643 		 * inflight_size * beta.
644 		 */
645 		pipe = tcp_compute_pipe(ccv->tp);
646 		return ((pipe * CUBIC_BETA) >> CUBIC_SHIFT);
647 	}
648 }
649 
650 static void
cubic_rttsample(struct cc_var * ccv,uint32_t usec_rtt,uint32_t rxtcnt,uint32_t fas)651 cubic_rttsample(struct cc_var *ccv, uint32_t usec_rtt, uint32_t rxtcnt, uint32_t fas)
652 {
653 	struct cubic *cubicd;
654 
655 	cubicd = ccv->cc_data;
656 	if (rxtcnt > 1) {
657 		/*
658 		 * Only look at RTT's that are non-ambiguous.
659 		 */
660 		return;
661 	}
662 	cubicd->css_rttsample_count++;
663 	cubicd->css_last_fas = fas;
664 	if (cubicd->css_current_round_minrtt > usec_rtt) {
665 		cubicd->css_current_round_minrtt = usec_rtt;
666 		cubicd->css_lowrtt_fas = cubicd->css_last_fas;
667 	}
668 	if ((cubicd->css_rttsample_count >= hystart_n_rttsamples) &&
669 	    (cubicd->css_current_round_minrtt != 0xffffffff) &&
670 	    (cubicd->css_current_round_minrtt < cubicd->css_baseline_minrtt) &&
671 	    (cubicd->css_lastround_minrtt != 0xffffffff)) {
672 		/*
673 		 * We were in CSS and the RTT is now less, we
674 		 * entered CSS erroneously.
675 		 */
676 		cubicd->flags &= ~CUBICFLAG_HYSTART_IN_CSS;
677 		cubic_log_hystart_event(ccv, cubicd, 8, cubicd->css_baseline_minrtt);
678 		cubicd->css_baseline_minrtt = 0xffffffff;
679 	}
680 	if (cubicd->flags & CUBICFLAG_HYSTART_ENABLED)
681 		cubic_log_hystart_event(ccv, cubicd, 5, usec_rtt);
682 }
683 
684 static void
cubic_newround(struct cc_var * ccv,uint32_t round_cnt)685 cubic_newround(struct cc_var *ccv, uint32_t round_cnt)
686 {
687 	struct cubic *cubicd;
688 
689 	cubicd = ccv->cc_data;
690 	/* We have entered a new round */
691 	cubicd->css_lastround_minrtt = cubicd->css_current_round_minrtt;
692 	cubicd->css_current_round_minrtt = 0xffffffff;
693 	cubicd->css_rttsample_count = 0;
694 	cubicd->css_current_round = round_cnt;
695 	if ((cubicd->flags & CUBICFLAG_HYSTART_IN_CSS) &&
696 	    ((round_cnt - cubicd->css_entered_at_round) >= hystart_css_rounds)) {
697 		/* Enter CA */
698 		if (ccv->flags & CCF_HYSTART_CAN_SH_CWND) {
699 			/*
700 			 * We engage more than snd_ssthresh, engage
701 			 * the brakes!! Though we will stay in SS to
702 			 * creep back up again, so lets leave CSS active
703 			 * and give us hystart_css_rounds more rounds.
704 			 */
705 			if (ccv->flags & CCF_HYSTART_CONS_SSTH) {
706 				CCV(ccv, snd_ssthresh) = ((cubicd->css_lowrtt_fas + cubicd->css_fas_at_css_entry) / 2);
707 			} else {
708 				CCV(ccv, snd_ssthresh) = cubicd->css_lowrtt_fas;
709 			}
710 			CCV(ccv, snd_cwnd) = cubicd->css_fas_at_css_entry;
711 			cubicd->css_entered_at_round = round_cnt;
712 		} else {
713 			CCV(ccv, snd_ssthresh) = CCV(ccv, snd_cwnd);
714 			/* Turn off the CSS flag */
715 			cubicd->flags &= ~CUBICFLAG_HYSTART_IN_CSS;
716 			/* Disable use of CSS in the future except long idle  */
717 			cubicd->flags &= ~CUBICFLAG_HYSTART_ENABLED;
718 		}
719 		cubic_log_hystart_event(ccv, cubicd, 6, CCV(ccv, snd_ssthresh));
720 	}
721 	if (cubicd->flags & CUBICFLAG_HYSTART_ENABLED)
722 		cubic_log_hystart_event(ccv, cubicd, 4, round_cnt);
723 }
724 
725 DECLARE_CC_MODULE(cubic, &cubic_cc_algo);
726 MODULE_VERSION(cubic, 2);
727