xref: /freebsd/crypto/openssl/include/internal/constant_time.h (revision 44096ebd22ddd0081a357011714eff8963614b65)
1 /*
2  * Copyright 2014-2024 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
3  *
4  * Licensed under the Apache License 2.0 (the "License").  You may not use
5  * this file except in compliance with the License.  You can obtain a copy
6  * in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at
7  * https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html
8  */
9 
10 #ifndef OSSL_INTERNAL_CONSTANT_TIME_H
11 # define OSSL_INTERNAL_CONSTANT_TIME_H
12 # pragma once
13 
14 # include <stdlib.h>
15 # include <string.h>
16 # include <openssl/e_os2.h>              /* For 'ossl_inline' */
17 
18 /*-
19  * The boolean methods return a bitmask of all ones (0xff...f) for true
20  * and 0 for false. This is useful for choosing a value based on the result
21  * of a conditional in constant time. For example,
22  *      if (a < b) {
23  *        c = a;
24  *      } else {
25  *        c = b;
26  *      }
27  * can be written as
28  *      unsigned int lt = constant_time_lt(a, b);
29  *      c = constant_time_select(lt, a, b);
30  */
31 
32 /* Returns the given value with the MSB copied to all the other bits. */
33 static ossl_inline unsigned int constant_time_msb(unsigned int a);
34 /* Convenience method for uint32_t. */
35 static ossl_inline uint32_t constant_time_msb_32(uint32_t a);
36 /* Convenience method for uint64_t. */
37 static ossl_inline uint64_t constant_time_msb_64(uint64_t a);
38 
39 /* Returns 0xff..f if a < b and 0 otherwise. */
40 static ossl_inline unsigned int constant_time_lt(unsigned int a,
41                                                  unsigned int b);
42 /* Convenience method for getting an 8-bit mask. */
43 static ossl_inline unsigned char constant_time_lt_8(unsigned int a,
44                                                     unsigned int b);
45 /* Convenience method for uint64_t. */
46 static ossl_inline uint64_t constant_time_lt_64(uint64_t a, uint64_t b);
47 
48 /* Returns 0xff..f if a >= b and 0 otherwise. */
49 static ossl_inline unsigned int constant_time_ge(unsigned int a,
50                                                  unsigned int b);
51 /* Convenience method for getting an 8-bit mask. */
52 static ossl_inline unsigned char constant_time_ge_8(unsigned int a,
53                                                     unsigned int b);
54 
55 /* Returns 0xff..f if a == 0 and 0 otherwise. */
56 static ossl_inline unsigned int constant_time_is_zero(unsigned int a);
57 /* Convenience method for getting an 8-bit mask. */
58 static ossl_inline unsigned char constant_time_is_zero_8(unsigned int a);
59 /* Convenience method for getting a 32-bit mask. */
60 static ossl_inline uint32_t constant_time_is_zero_32(uint32_t a);
61 
62 /* Returns 0xff..f if a == b and 0 otherwise. */
63 static ossl_inline unsigned int constant_time_eq(unsigned int a,
64                                                  unsigned int b);
65 /* Convenience method for getting an 8-bit mask. */
66 static ossl_inline unsigned char constant_time_eq_8(unsigned int a,
67                                                     unsigned int b);
68 /* Signed integers. */
69 static ossl_inline unsigned int constant_time_eq_int(int a, int b);
70 /* Convenience method for getting an 8-bit mask. */
71 static ossl_inline unsigned char constant_time_eq_int_8(int a, int b);
72 
73 /*-
74  * Returns (mask & a) | (~mask & b).
75  *
76  * When |mask| is all 1s or all 0s (as returned by the methods above),
77  * the select methods return either |a| (if |mask| is nonzero) or |b|
78  * (if |mask| is zero).
79  */
80 static ossl_inline unsigned int constant_time_select(unsigned int mask,
81                                                      unsigned int a,
82                                                      unsigned int b);
83 /* Convenience method for unsigned chars. */
84 static ossl_inline unsigned char constant_time_select_8(unsigned char mask,
85                                                         unsigned char a,
86                                                         unsigned char b);
87 
88 /* Convenience method for uint32_t. */
89 static ossl_inline uint32_t constant_time_select_32(uint32_t mask, uint32_t a,
90                                                     uint32_t b);
91 
92 /* Convenience method for uint64_t. */
93 static ossl_inline uint64_t constant_time_select_64(uint64_t mask, uint64_t a,
94                                                     uint64_t b);
95 /* Convenience method for signed integers. */
96 static ossl_inline int constant_time_select_int(unsigned int mask, int a,
97                                                 int b);
98 
99 
100 static ossl_inline unsigned int constant_time_msb(unsigned int a)
101 {
102     return 0 - (a >> (sizeof(a) * 8 - 1));
103 }
104 
105 
106 static ossl_inline uint32_t constant_time_msb_32(uint32_t a)
107 {
108     return 0 - (a >> 31);
109 }
110 
111 static ossl_inline uint64_t constant_time_msb_64(uint64_t a)
112 {
113     return 0 - (a >> 63);
114 }
115 
116 static ossl_inline size_t constant_time_msb_s(size_t a)
117 {
118     return 0 - (a >> (sizeof(a) * 8 - 1));
119 }
120 
121 static ossl_inline unsigned int constant_time_lt(unsigned int a,
122                                                  unsigned int b)
123 {
124     return constant_time_msb(a ^ ((a ^ b) | ((a - b) ^ b)));
125 }
126 
127 static ossl_inline size_t constant_time_lt_s(size_t a, size_t b)
128 {
129     return constant_time_msb_s(a ^ ((a ^ b) | ((a - b) ^ b)));
130 }
131 
132 static ossl_inline unsigned char constant_time_lt_8(unsigned int a,
133                                                     unsigned int b)
134 {
135     return (unsigned char)constant_time_lt(a, b);
136 }
137 
138 static ossl_inline uint64_t constant_time_lt_64(uint64_t a, uint64_t b)
139 {
140     return constant_time_msb_64(a ^ ((a ^ b) | ((a - b) ^ b)));
141 }
142 
143 #ifdef BN_ULONG
144 static ossl_inline BN_ULONG constant_time_msb_bn(BN_ULONG a)
145 {
146     return 0 - (a >> (sizeof(a) * 8 - 1));
147 }
148 
149 static ossl_inline BN_ULONG constant_time_lt_bn(BN_ULONG a, BN_ULONG b)
150 {
151     return constant_time_msb_bn(a ^ ((a ^ b) | ((a - b) ^ b)));
152 }
153 
154 static ossl_inline BN_ULONG constant_time_is_zero_bn(BN_ULONG a)
155 {
156     return constant_time_msb_bn(~a & (a - 1));
157 }
158 
159 static ossl_inline BN_ULONG constant_time_eq_bn(BN_ULONG a,
160                                                 BN_ULONG b)
161 {
162     return constant_time_is_zero_bn(a ^ b);
163 }
164 #endif
165 
166 static ossl_inline unsigned int constant_time_ge(unsigned int a,
167                                                  unsigned int b)
168 {
169     return ~constant_time_lt(a, b);
170 }
171 
172 static ossl_inline size_t constant_time_ge_s(size_t a, size_t b)
173 {
174     return ~constant_time_lt_s(a, b);
175 }
176 
177 static ossl_inline unsigned char constant_time_ge_8(unsigned int a,
178                                                     unsigned int b)
179 {
180     return (unsigned char)constant_time_ge(a, b);
181 }
182 
183 static ossl_inline unsigned char constant_time_ge_8_s(size_t a, size_t b)
184 {
185     return (unsigned char)constant_time_ge_s(a, b);
186 }
187 
188 static ossl_inline unsigned int constant_time_is_zero(unsigned int a)
189 {
190     return constant_time_msb(~a & (a - 1));
191 }
192 
193 static ossl_inline size_t constant_time_is_zero_s(size_t a)
194 {
195     return constant_time_msb_s(~a & (a - 1));
196 }
197 
198 static ossl_inline unsigned char constant_time_is_zero_8(unsigned int a)
199 {
200     return (unsigned char)constant_time_is_zero(a);
201 }
202 
203 static ossl_inline uint32_t constant_time_is_zero_32(uint32_t a)
204 {
205     return constant_time_msb_32(~a & (a - 1));
206 }
207 
208 static ossl_inline uint64_t constant_time_is_zero_64(uint64_t a)
209 {
210     return constant_time_msb_64(~a & (a - 1));
211 }
212 
213 static ossl_inline unsigned int constant_time_eq(unsigned int a,
214                                                  unsigned int b)
215 {
216     return constant_time_is_zero(a ^ b);
217 }
218 
219 static ossl_inline size_t constant_time_eq_s(size_t a, size_t b)
220 {
221     return constant_time_is_zero_s(a ^ b);
222 }
223 
224 static ossl_inline unsigned char constant_time_eq_8(unsigned int a,
225                                                     unsigned int b)
226 {
227     return (unsigned char)constant_time_eq(a, b);
228 }
229 
230 static ossl_inline unsigned char constant_time_eq_8_s(size_t a, size_t b)
231 {
232     return (unsigned char)constant_time_eq_s(a, b);
233 }
234 
235 static ossl_inline unsigned int constant_time_eq_int(int a, int b)
236 {
237     return constant_time_eq((unsigned)(a), (unsigned)(b));
238 }
239 
240 static ossl_inline unsigned char constant_time_eq_int_8(int a, int b)
241 {
242     return constant_time_eq_8((unsigned)(a), (unsigned)(b));
243 }
244 
245 /*
246  * Returns the value unmodified, but avoids optimizations.
247  * The barriers prevent the compiler from narrowing down the
248  * possible value range of the mask and ~mask in the select
249  * statements, which avoids the recognition of the select
250  * and turning it into a conditional load or branch.
251  */
252 static ossl_inline unsigned int value_barrier(unsigned int a)
253 {
254 #if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_ASM) && defined(__GNUC__)
255     unsigned int r;
256     __asm__("" : "=r"(r) : "0"(a));
257 #else
258     volatile unsigned int r = a;
259 #endif
260     return r;
261 }
262 
263 /* Convenience method for uint32_t. */
264 static ossl_inline uint32_t value_barrier_32(uint32_t a)
265 {
266 #if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_ASM) && defined(__GNUC__)
267     uint32_t r;
268     __asm__("" : "=r"(r) : "0"(a));
269 #else
270     volatile uint32_t r = a;
271 #endif
272     return r;
273 }
274 
275 /* Convenience method for uint64_t. */
276 static ossl_inline uint64_t value_barrier_64(uint64_t a)
277 {
278 #if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_ASM) && defined(__GNUC__)
279     uint64_t r;
280     __asm__("" : "=r"(r) : "0"(a));
281 #else
282     volatile uint64_t r = a;
283 #endif
284     return r;
285 }
286 
287 /* Convenience method for size_t. */
288 static ossl_inline size_t value_barrier_s(size_t a)
289 {
290 #if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_ASM) && defined(__GNUC__)
291     size_t r;
292     __asm__("" : "=r"(r) : "0"(a));
293 #else
294     volatile size_t r = a;
295 #endif
296     return r;
297 }
298 
299 static ossl_inline unsigned int constant_time_select(unsigned int mask,
300                                                      unsigned int a,
301                                                      unsigned int b)
302 {
303     return (value_barrier(mask) & a) | (value_barrier(~mask) & b);
304 }
305 
306 static ossl_inline size_t constant_time_select_s(size_t mask,
307                                                  size_t a,
308                                                  size_t b)
309 {
310     return (value_barrier_s(mask) & a) | (value_barrier_s(~mask) & b);
311 }
312 
313 static ossl_inline unsigned char constant_time_select_8(unsigned char mask,
314                                                         unsigned char a,
315                                                         unsigned char b)
316 {
317     return (unsigned char)constant_time_select(mask, a, b);
318 }
319 
320 static ossl_inline int constant_time_select_int(unsigned int mask, int a,
321                                                 int b)
322 {
323     return (int)constant_time_select(mask, (unsigned)(a), (unsigned)(b));
324 }
325 
326 static ossl_inline int constant_time_select_int_s(size_t mask, int a, int b)
327 {
328     return (int)constant_time_select((unsigned)mask, (unsigned)(a),
329                                       (unsigned)(b));
330 }
331 
332 static ossl_inline uint32_t constant_time_select_32(uint32_t mask, uint32_t a,
333                                                     uint32_t b)
334 {
335     return (value_barrier_32(mask) & a) | (value_barrier_32(~mask) & b);
336 }
337 
338 static ossl_inline uint64_t constant_time_select_64(uint64_t mask, uint64_t a,
339                                                     uint64_t b)
340 {
341     return (value_barrier_64(mask) & a) | (value_barrier_64(~mask) & b);
342 }
343 
344 /*
345  * mask must be 0xFFFFFFFF or 0x00000000.
346  *
347  * if (mask) {
348  *     uint32_t tmp = *a;
349  *
350  *     *a = *b;
351  *     *b = tmp;
352  * }
353  */
354 static ossl_inline void constant_time_cond_swap_32(uint32_t mask, uint32_t *a,
355                                                    uint32_t *b)
356 {
357     uint32_t xor = *a ^ *b;
358 
359     xor &= mask;
360     *a ^= xor;
361     *b ^= xor;
362 }
363 
364 /*
365  * mask must be 0xFFFFFFFF or 0x00000000.
366  *
367  * if (mask) {
368  *     uint64_t tmp = *a;
369  *
370  *     *a = *b;
371  *     *b = tmp;
372  * }
373  */
374 static ossl_inline void constant_time_cond_swap_64(uint64_t mask, uint64_t *a,
375                                                    uint64_t *b)
376 {
377     uint64_t xor = *a ^ *b;
378 
379     xor &= mask;
380     *a ^= xor;
381     *b ^= xor;
382 }
383 
384 /*
385  * mask must be 0xFF or 0x00.
386  * "constant time" is per len.
387  *
388  * if (mask) {
389  *     unsigned char tmp[len];
390  *
391  *     memcpy(tmp, a, len);
392  *     memcpy(a, b);
393  *     memcpy(b, tmp);
394  * }
395  */
396 static ossl_inline void constant_time_cond_swap_buff(unsigned char mask,
397                                                      unsigned char *a,
398                                                      unsigned char *b,
399                                                      size_t len)
400 {
401     size_t i;
402     unsigned char tmp;
403 
404     for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
405         tmp = a[i] ^ b[i];
406         tmp &= mask;
407         a[i] ^= tmp;
408         b[i] ^= tmp;
409     }
410 }
411 
412 /*
413  * table is a two dimensional array of bytes. Each row has rowsize elements.
414  * Copies row number idx into out. rowsize and numrows are not considered
415  * private.
416  */
417 static ossl_inline void constant_time_lookup(void *out,
418                                              const void *table,
419                                              size_t rowsize,
420                                              size_t numrows,
421                                              size_t idx)
422 {
423     size_t i, j;
424     const unsigned char *tablec = (const unsigned char *)table;
425     unsigned char *outc = (unsigned char *)out;
426     unsigned char mask;
427 
428     memset(out, 0, rowsize);
429 
430     /* Note idx may underflow - but that is well defined */
431     for (i = 0; i < numrows; i++, idx--) {
432         mask = (unsigned char)constant_time_is_zero_s(idx);
433         for (j = 0; j < rowsize; j++)
434             *(outc + j) |= constant_time_select_8(mask, *(tablec++), 0);
435     }
436 }
437 
438 /*
439  * Expected usage pattern is to unconditionally set error and then
440  * wipe it if there was no actual error. |clear| is 1 or 0.
441  */
442 void err_clear_last_constant_time(int clear);
443 
444 #endif                          /* OSSL_INTERNAL_CONSTANT_TIME_H */
445