xref: /linux/drivers/android/binder_internal.h (revision 3a39d672e7f48b8d6b91a09afa4b55352773b4b5)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2 
3 #ifndef _LINUX_BINDER_INTERNAL_H
4 #define _LINUX_BINDER_INTERNAL_H
5 
6 #include <linux/export.h>
7 #include <linux/fs.h>
8 #include <linux/list.h>
9 #include <linux/miscdevice.h>
10 #include <linux/mutex.h>
11 #include <linux/refcount.h>
12 #include <linux/stddef.h>
13 #include <linux/types.h>
14 #include <linux/uidgid.h>
15 #include <uapi/linux/android/binderfs.h>
16 #include "binder_alloc.h"
17 #include "dbitmap.h"
18 
19 struct binder_context {
20 	struct binder_node *binder_context_mgr_node;
21 	struct mutex context_mgr_node_lock;
22 	kuid_t binder_context_mgr_uid;
23 	const char *name;
24 };
25 
26 /**
27  * struct binder_device - information about a binder device node
28  * @hlist:          list of binder devices (only used for devices requested via
29  *                  CONFIG_ANDROID_BINDER_DEVICES)
30  * @miscdev:        information about a binder character device node
31  * @context:        binder context information
32  * @binderfs_inode: This is the inode of the root dentry of the super block
33  *                  belonging to a binderfs mount.
34  */
35 struct binder_device {
36 	struct hlist_node hlist;
37 	struct miscdevice miscdev;
38 	struct binder_context context;
39 	struct inode *binderfs_inode;
40 	refcount_t ref;
41 };
42 
43 /**
44  * binderfs_mount_opts - mount options for binderfs
45  * @max: maximum number of allocatable binderfs binder devices
46  * @stats_mode: enable binder stats in binderfs.
47  */
48 struct binderfs_mount_opts {
49 	int max;
50 	int stats_mode;
51 };
52 
53 /**
54  * binderfs_info - information about a binderfs mount
55  * @ipc_ns:         The ipc namespace the binderfs mount belongs to.
56  * @control_dentry: This records the dentry of this binderfs mount
57  *                  binder-control device.
58  * @root_uid:       uid that needs to be used when a new binder device is
59  *                  created.
60  * @root_gid:       gid that needs to be used when a new binder device is
61  *                  created.
62  * @mount_opts:     The mount options in use.
63  * @device_count:   The current number of allocated binder devices.
64  * @proc_log_dir:   Pointer to the directory dentry containing process-specific
65  *                  logs.
66  */
67 struct binderfs_info {
68 	struct ipc_namespace *ipc_ns;
69 	struct dentry *control_dentry;
70 	kuid_t root_uid;
71 	kgid_t root_gid;
72 	struct binderfs_mount_opts mount_opts;
73 	int device_count;
74 	struct dentry *proc_log_dir;
75 };
76 
77 extern const struct file_operations binder_fops;
78 
79 extern char *binder_devices_param;
80 
81 #ifdef CONFIG_ANDROID_BINDERFS
82 extern bool is_binderfs_device(const struct inode *inode);
83 extern struct dentry *binderfs_create_file(struct dentry *dir, const char *name,
84 					   const struct file_operations *fops,
85 					   void *data);
86 extern void binderfs_remove_file(struct dentry *dentry);
87 #else
is_binderfs_device(const struct inode * inode)88 static inline bool is_binderfs_device(const struct inode *inode)
89 {
90 	return false;
91 }
binderfs_create_file(struct dentry * dir,const char * name,const struct file_operations * fops,void * data)92 static inline struct dentry *binderfs_create_file(struct dentry *dir,
93 					   const char *name,
94 					   const struct file_operations *fops,
95 					   void *data)
96 {
97 	return NULL;
98 }
binderfs_remove_file(struct dentry * dentry)99 static inline void binderfs_remove_file(struct dentry *dentry) {}
100 #endif
101 
102 #ifdef CONFIG_ANDROID_BINDERFS
103 extern int __init init_binderfs(void);
104 #else
init_binderfs(void)105 static inline int __init init_binderfs(void)
106 {
107 	return 0;
108 }
109 #endif
110 
111 struct binder_debugfs_entry {
112 	const char *name;
113 	umode_t mode;
114 	const struct file_operations *fops;
115 	void *data;
116 };
117 
118 extern const struct binder_debugfs_entry binder_debugfs_entries[];
119 
120 #define binder_for_each_debugfs_entry(entry)	\
121 	for ((entry) = binder_debugfs_entries;	\
122 	     (entry)->name;			\
123 	     (entry)++)
124 
125 enum binder_stat_types {
126 	BINDER_STAT_PROC,
127 	BINDER_STAT_THREAD,
128 	BINDER_STAT_NODE,
129 	BINDER_STAT_REF,
130 	BINDER_STAT_DEATH,
131 	BINDER_STAT_TRANSACTION,
132 	BINDER_STAT_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE,
133 	BINDER_STAT_FREEZE,
134 	BINDER_STAT_COUNT
135 };
136 
137 struct binder_stats {
138 	atomic_t br[_IOC_NR(BR_CLEAR_FREEZE_NOTIFICATION_DONE) + 1];
139 	atomic_t bc[_IOC_NR(BC_FREEZE_NOTIFICATION_DONE) + 1];
140 	atomic_t obj_created[BINDER_STAT_COUNT];
141 	atomic_t obj_deleted[BINDER_STAT_COUNT];
142 };
143 
144 /**
145  * struct binder_work - work enqueued on a worklist
146  * @entry:             node enqueued on list
147  * @type:              type of work to be performed
148  *
149  * There are separate work lists for proc, thread, and node (async).
150  */
151 struct binder_work {
152 	struct list_head entry;
153 
154 	enum binder_work_type {
155 		BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION = 1,
156 		BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE,
157 		BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION_PENDING,
158 		BINDER_WORK_TRANSACTION_ONEWAY_SPAM_SUSPECT,
159 		BINDER_WORK_RETURN_ERROR,
160 		BINDER_WORK_NODE,
161 		BINDER_WORK_DEAD_BINDER,
162 		BINDER_WORK_DEAD_BINDER_AND_CLEAR,
163 		BINDER_WORK_CLEAR_DEATH_NOTIFICATION,
164 		BINDER_WORK_FROZEN_BINDER,
165 		BINDER_WORK_CLEAR_FREEZE_NOTIFICATION,
166 	} type;
167 };
168 
169 struct binder_error {
170 	struct binder_work work;
171 	uint32_t cmd;
172 };
173 
174 /**
175  * struct binder_node - binder node bookkeeping
176  * @debug_id:             unique ID for debugging
177  *                        (invariant after initialized)
178  * @lock:                 lock for node fields
179  * @work:                 worklist element for node work
180  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock)
181  * @rb_node:              element for proc->nodes tree
182  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock)
183  * @dead_node:            element for binder_dead_nodes list
184  *                        (protected by binder_dead_nodes_lock)
185  * @proc:                 binder_proc that owns this node
186  *                        (invariant after initialized)
187  * @refs:                 list of references on this node
188  *                        (protected by @lock)
189  * @internal_strong_refs: used to take strong references when
190  *                        initiating a transaction
191  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock if @proc
192  *                        and by @lock)
193  * @local_weak_refs:      weak user refs from local process
194  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock if @proc
195  *                        and by @lock)
196  * @local_strong_refs:    strong user refs from local process
197  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock if @proc
198  *                        and by @lock)
199  * @tmp_refs:             temporary kernel refs
200  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock while @proc
201  *                        is valid, and by binder_dead_nodes_lock
202  *                        if @proc is NULL. During inc/dec and node release
203  *                        it is also protected by @lock to provide safety
204  *                        as the node dies and @proc becomes NULL)
205  * @ptr:                  userspace pointer for node
206  *                        (invariant, no lock needed)
207  * @cookie:               userspace cookie for node
208  *                        (invariant, no lock needed)
209  * @has_strong_ref:       userspace notified of strong ref
210  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock if @proc
211  *                        and by @lock)
212  * @pending_strong_ref:   userspace has acked notification of strong ref
213  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock if @proc
214  *                        and by @lock)
215  * @has_weak_ref:         userspace notified of weak ref
216  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock if @proc
217  *                        and by @lock)
218  * @pending_weak_ref:     userspace has acked notification of weak ref
219  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock if @proc
220  *                        and by @lock)
221  * @has_async_transaction: async transaction to node in progress
222  *                        (protected by @lock)
223  * @accept_fds:           file descriptor operations supported for node
224  *                        (invariant after initialized)
225  * @min_priority:         minimum scheduling priority
226  *                        (invariant after initialized)
227  * @txn_security_ctx:     require sender's security context
228  *                        (invariant after initialized)
229  * @async_todo:           list of async work items
230  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock)
231  *
232  * Bookkeeping structure for binder nodes.
233  */
234 struct binder_node {
235 	int debug_id;
236 	spinlock_t lock;
237 	struct binder_work work;
238 	union {
239 		struct rb_node rb_node;
240 		struct hlist_node dead_node;
241 	};
242 	struct binder_proc *proc;
243 	struct hlist_head refs;
244 	int internal_strong_refs;
245 	int local_weak_refs;
246 	int local_strong_refs;
247 	int tmp_refs;
248 	binder_uintptr_t ptr;
249 	binder_uintptr_t cookie;
250 	struct {
251 		/*
252 		 * bitfield elements protected by
253 		 * proc inner_lock
254 		 */
255 		u8 has_strong_ref:1;
256 		u8 pending_strong_ref:1;
257 		u8 has_weak_ref:1;
258 		u8 pending_weak_ref:1;
259 	};
260 	struct {
261 		/*
262 		 * invariant after initialization
263 		 */
264 		u8 accept_fds:1;
265 		u8 txn_security_ctx:1;
266 		u8 min_priority;
267 	};
268 	bool has_async_transaction;
269 	struct list_head async_todo;
270 };
271 
272 struct binder_ref_death {
273 	/**
274 	 * @work: worklist element for death notifications
275 	 *        (protected by inner_lock of the proc that
276 	 *        this ref belongs to)
277 	 */
278 	struct binder_work work;
279 	binder_uintptr_t cookie;
280 };
281 
282 struct binder_ref_freeze {
283 	struct binder_work work;
284 	binder_uintptr_t cookie;
285 	bool is_frozen:1;
286 	bool sent:1;
287 	bool resend:1;
288 };
289 
290 /**
291  * struct binder_ref_data - binder_ref counts and id
292  * @debug_id:        unique ID for the ref
293  * @desc:            unique userspace handle for ref
294  * @strong:          strong ref count (debugging only if not locked)
295  * @weak:            weak ref count (debugging only if not locked)
296  *
297  * Structure to hold ref count and ref id information. Since
298  * the actual ref can only be accessed with a lock, this structure
299  * is used to return information about the ref to callers of
300  * ref inc/dec functions.
301  */
302 struct binder_ref_data {
303 	int debug_id;
304 	uint32_t desc;
305 	int strong;
306 	int weak;
307 };
308 
309 /**
310  * struct binder_ref - struct to track references on nodes
311  * @data:        binder_ref_data containing id, handle, and current refcounts
312  * @rb_node_desc: node for lookup by @data.desc in proc's rb_tree
313  * @rb_node_node: node for lookup by @node in proc's rb_tree
314  * @node_entry:  list entry for node->refs list in target node
315  *               (protected by @node->lock)
316  * @proc:        binder_proc containing ref
317  * @node:        binder_node of target node. When cleaning up a
318  *               ref for deletion in binder_cleanup_ref, a non-NULL
319  *               @node indicates the node must be freed
320  * @death:       pointer to death notification (ref_death) if requested
321  *               (protected by @node->lock)
322  * @freeze:      pointer to freeze notification (ref_freeze) if requested
323  *               (protected by @node->lock)
324  *
325  * Structure to track references from procA to target node (on procB). This
326  * structure is unsafe to access without holding @proc->outer_lock.
327  */
328 struct binder_ref {
329 	/* Lookups needed: */
330 	/*   node + proc => ref (transaction) */
331 	/*   desc + proc => ref (transaction, inc/dec ref) */
332 	/*   node => refs + procs (proc exit) */
333 	struct binder_ref_data data;
334 	struct rb_node rb_node_desc;
335 	struct rb_node rb_node_node;
336 	struct hlist_node node_entry;
337 	struct binder_proc *proc;
338 	struct binder_node *node;
339 	struct binder_ref_death *death;
340 	struct binder_ref_freeze *freeze;
341 };
342 
343 /**
344  * struct binder_proc - binder process bookkeeping
345  * @proc_node:            element for binder_procs list
346  * @threads:              rbtree of binder_threads in this proc
347  *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
348  * @nodes:                rbtree of binder nodes associated with
349  *                        this proc ordered by node->ptr
350  *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
351  * @refs_by_desc:         rbtree of refs ordered by ref->desc
352  *                        (protected by @outer_lock)
353  * @refs_by_node:         rbtree of refs ordered by ref->node
354  *                        (protected by @outer_lock)
355  * @waiting_threads:      threads currently waiting for proc work
356  *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
357  * @pid                   PID of group_leader of process
358  *                        (invariant after initialized)
359  * @tsk                   task_struct for group_leader of process
360  *                        (invariant after initialized)
361  * @cred                  struct cred associated with the `struct file`
362  *                        in binder_open()
363  *                        (invariant after initialized)
364  * @deferred_work_node:   element for binder_deferred_list
365  *                        (protected by binder_deferred_lock)
366  * @deferred_work:        bitmap of deferred work to perform
367  *                        (protected by binder_deferred_lock)
368  * @outstanding_txns:     number of transactions to be transmitted before
369  *                        processes in freeze_wait are woken up
370  *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
371  * @is_dead:              process is dead and awaiting free
372  *                        when outstanding transactions are cleaned up
373  *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
374  * @is_frozen:            process is frozen and unable to service
375  *                        binder transactions
376  *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
377  * @sync_recv:            process received sync transactions since last frozen
378  *                        bit 0: received sync transaction after being frozen
379  *                        bit 1: new pending sync transaction during freezing
380  *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
381  * @async_recv:           process received async transactions since last frozen
382  *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
383  * @freeze_wait:          waitqueue of processes waiting for all outstanding
384  *                        transactions to be processed
385  *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
386  * @dmap                  dbitmap to manage available reference descriptors
387  *                        (protected by @outer_lock)
388  * @todo:                 list of work for this process
389  *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
390  * @stats:                per-process binder statistics
391  *                        (atomics, no lock needed)
392  * @delivered_death:      list of delivered death notification
393  *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
394  * @delivered_freeze:     list of delivered freeze notification
395  *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
396  * @max_threads:          cap on number of binder threads
397  *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
398  * @requested_threads:    number of binder threads requested but not
399  *                        yet started. In current implementation, can
400  *                        only be 0 or 1.
401  *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
402  * @requested_threads_started: number binder threads started
403  *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
404  * @tmp_ref:              temporary reference to indicate proc is in use
405  *                        (protected by @inner_lock)
406  * @default_priority:     default scheduler priority
407  *                        (invariant after initialized)
408  * @debugfs_entry:        debugfs node
409  * @alloc:                binder allocator bookkeeping
410  * @context:              binder_context for this proc
411  *                        (invariant after initialized)
412  * @inner_lock:           can nest under outer_lock and/or node lock
413  * @outer_lock:           no nesting under innor or node lock
414  *                        Lock order: 1) outer, 2) node, 3) inner
415  * @binderfs_entry:       process-specific binderfs log file
416  * @oneway_spam_detection_enabled: process enabled oneway spam detection
417  *                        or not
418  *
419  * Bookkeeping structure for binder processes
420  */
421 struct binder_proc {
422 	struct hlist_node proc_node;
423 	struct rb_root threads;
424 	struct rb_root nodes;
425 	struct rb_root refs_by_desc;
426 	struct rb_root refs_by_node;
427 	struct list_head waiting_threads;
428 	int pid;
429 	struct task_struct *tsk;
430 	const struct cred *cred;
431 	struct hlist_node deferred_work_node;
432 	int deferred_work;
433 	int outstanding_txns;
434 	bool is_dead;
435 	bool is_frozen;
436 	bool sync_recv;
437 	bool async_recv;
438 	wait_queue_head_t freeze_wait;
439 	struct dbitmap dmap;
440 	struct list_head todo;
441 	struct binder_stats stats;
442 	struct list_head delivered_death;
443 	struct list_head delivered_freeze;
444 	u32 max_threads;
445 	int requested_threads;
446 	int requested_threads_started;
447 	int tmp_ref;
448 	long default_priority;
449 	struct dentry *debugfs_entry;
450 	struct binder_alloc alloc;
451 	struct binder_context *context;
452 	spinlock_t inner_lock;
453 	spinlock_t outer_lock;
454 	struct dentry *binderfs_entry;
455 	bool oneway_spam_detection_enabled;
456 };
457 
458 /**
459  * struct binder_thread - binder thread bookkeeping
460  * @proc:                 binder process for this thread
461  *                        (invariant after initialization)
462  * @rb_node:              element for proc->threads rbtree
463  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock)
464  * @waiting_thread_node:  element for @proc->waiting_threads list
465  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock)
466  * @pid:                  PID for this thread
467  *                        (invariant after initialization)
468  * @looper:               bitmap of looping state
469  *                        (only accessed by this thread)
470  * @looper_needs_return:  looping thread needs to exit driver
471  *                        (no lock needed)
472  * @transaction_stack:    stack of in-progress transactions for this thread
473  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock)
474  * @todo:                 list of work to do for this thread
475  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock)
476  * @process_todo:         whether work in @todo should be processed
477  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock)
478  * @return_error:         transaction errors reported by this thread
479  *                        (only accessed by this thread)
480  * @reply_error:          transaction errors reported by target thread
481  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock)
482  * @ee:                   extended error information from this thread
483  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock)
484  * @wait:                 wait queue for thread work
485  * @stats:                per-thread statistics
486  *                        (atomics, no lock needed)
487  * @tmp_ref:              temporary reference to indicate thread is in use
488  *                        (atomic since @proc->inner_lock cannot
489  *                        always be acquired)
490  * @is_dead:              thread is dead and awaiting free
491  *                        when outstanding transactions are cleaned up
492  *                        (protected by @proc->inner_lock)
493  *
494  * Bookkeeping structure for binder threads.
495  */
496 struct binder_thread {
497 	struct binder_proc *proc;
498 	struct rb_node rb_node;
499 	struct list_head waiting_thread_node;
500 	int pid;
501 	int looper;              /* only modified by this thread */
502 	bool looper_need_return; /* can be written by other thread */
503 	struct binder_transaction *transaction_stack;
504 	struct list_head todo;
505 	bool process_todo;
506 	struct binder_error return_error;
507 	struct binder_error reply_error;
508 	struct binder_extended_error ee;
509 	wait_queue_head_t wait;
510 	struct binder_stats stats;
511 	atomic_t tmp_ref;
512 	bool is_dead;
513 };
514 
515 /**
516  * struct binder_txn_fd_fixup - transaction fd fixup list element
517  * @fixup_entry:          list entry
518  * @file:                 struct file to be associated with new fd
519  * @offset:               offset in buffer data to this fixup
520  * @target_fd:            fd to use by the target to install @file
521  *
522  * List element for fd fixups in a transaction. Since file
523  * descriptors need to be allocated in the context of the
524  * target process, we pass each fd to be processed in this
525  * struct.
526  */
527 struct binder_txn_fd_fixup {
528 	struct list_head fixup_entry;
529 	struct file *file;
530 	size_t offset;
531 	int target_fd;
532 };
533 
534 struct binder_transaction {
535 	int debug_id;
536 	struct binder_work work;
537 	struct binder_thread *from;
538 	pid_t from_pid;
539 	pid_t from_tid;
540 	struct binder_transaction *from_parent;
541 	struct binder_proc *to_proc;
542 	struct binder_thread *to_thread;
543 	struct binder_transaction *to_parent;
544 	unsigned need_reply:1;
545 	/* unsigned is_dead:1; */       /* not used at the moment */
546 
547 	struct binder_buffer *buffer;
548 	unsigned int    code;
549 	unsigned int    flags;
550 	long    priority;
551 	long    saved_priority;
552 	kuid_t  sender_euid;
553 	ktime_t start_time;
554 	struct list_head fd_fixups;
555 	binder_uintptr_t security_ctx;
556 	/**
557 	 * @lock:  protects @from, @to_proc, and @to_thread
558 	 *
559 	 * @from, @to_proc, and @to_thread can be set to NULL
560 	 * during thread teardown
561 	 */
562 	spinlock_t lock;
563 };
564 
565 /**
566  * struct binder_object - union of flat binder object types
567  * @hdr:   generic object header
568  * @fbo:   binder object (nodes and refs)
569  * @fdo:   file descriptor object
570  * @bbo:   binder buffer pointer
571  * @fdao:  file descriptor array
572  *
573  * Used for type-independent object copies
574  */
575 struct binder_object {
576 	union {
577 		struct binder_object_header hdr;
578 		struct flat_binder_object fbo;
579 		struct binder_fd_object fdo;
580 		struct binder_buffer_object bbo;
581 		struct binder_fd_array_object fdao;
582 	};
583 };
584 
585 #endif /* _LINUX_BINDER_INTERNAL_H */
586