xref: /freebsd/sys/sys/sx.h (revision 430be7e1ee71902acb872544c928c19dd23c87ae)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2007 Attilio Rao <attilio@freebsd.org>
5  * Copyright (c) 2001 Jason Evans <jasone@freebsd.org>
6  * All rights reserved.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice(s), this list of conditions and the following disclaimer as
13  *    the first lines of this file unmodified other than the possible
14  *    addition of one or more copyright notices.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice(s), this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER(S) ``AS IS'' AND ANY
20  * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
21  * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
22  * DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY
23  * DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
24  * (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
25  * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
26  * CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
29  * DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #ifndef	_SYS_SX_H_
33 #define	_SYS_SX_H_
34 
35 #include <sys/_lock.h>
36 #include <sys/_sx.h>
37 
38 #ifdef	_KERNEL
39 #include <sys/pcpu.h>
40 #include <sys/lock_profile.h>
41 #include <sys/lockstat.h>
42 #include <machine/atomic.h>
43 #endif
44 
45 /*
46  * In general, the sx locks and rwlocks use very similar algorithms.
47  * The main difference in the implementations is how threads are
48  * blocked when a lock is unavailable.  For this, sx locks use sleep
49  * queues which do not support priority propagation, and rwlocks use
50  * turnstiles which do.
51  *
52  * The sx_lock field consists of several fields.  The low bit
53  * indicates if the lock is locked with a shared or exclusive lock.  A
54  * value of 0 indicates an exclusive lock, and a value of 1 indicates
55  * a shared lock.  Bit 1 is a boolean indicating if there are any
56  * threads waiting for a shared lock.  Bit 2 is a boolean indicating
57  * if there are any threads waiting for an exclusive lock.  Bit 3 is a
58  * boolean indicating if an exclusive lock is recursively held.  The
59  * rest of the variable's definition is dependent on the value of the
60  * first bit.  For an exclusive lock, it is a pointer to the thread
61  * holding the lock, similar to the mtx_lock field of mutexes.  For
62  * shared locks, it is a count of read locks that are held.
63  *
64  * When the lock is not locked by any thread, it is encoded as a
65  * shared lock with zero waiters.
66  */
67 
68 #define	SX_LOCK_SHARED			0x01
69 #define	SX_LOCK_SHARED_WAITERS		0x02
70 #define	SX_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE_WAITERS	0x04
71 #define	SX_LOCK_WRITE_SPINNER		0x08
72 #define	SX_LOCK_RECURSED		0x10
73 #define	SX_LOCK_FLAGMASK						\
74 	(SX_LOCK_SHARED | SX_LOCK_SHARED_WAITERS |			\
75 	SX_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE_WAITERS | SX_LOCK_RECURSED | SX_LOCK_WRITE_SPINNER)
76 #define	SX_LOCK_WAITERS			(SX_LOCK_SHARED_WAITERS | SX_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE_WAITERS)
77 
78 #define	SX_OWNER(x)			((x) & ~SX_LOCK_FLAGMASK)
79 #define	SX_SHARERS_SHIFT		5
80 #define	SX_SHARERS(x)			(SX_OWNER(x) >> SX_SHARERS_SHIFT)
81 #define	SX_SHARERS_LOCK(x)						\
82 	((x) << SX_SHARERS_SHIFT | SX_LOCK_SHARED)
83 #define	SX_ONE_SHARER			(1 << SX_SHARERS_SHIFT)
84 
85 #define	SX_LOCK_UNLOCKED		SX_SHARERS_LOCK(0)
86 #define	SX_LOCK_DESTROYED						\
87 	(SX_LOCK_SHARED_WAITERS | SX_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE_WAITERS)
88 
89 #ifdef _KERNEL
90 
91 #define	sx_recurse	lock_object.lo_data
92 
93 #define	SX_READ_VALUE(sx)	((sx)->sx_lock)
94 
95 #define	lv_sx_owner(v) \
96 	((v & SX_LOCK_SHARED) ? NULL : (struct thread *)SX_OWNER(v))
97 
98 /*
99  * Function prototipes.  Routines that start with an underscore are not part
100  * of the public interface and are wrappered with a macro.
101  */
102 void	sx_sysinit(void *arg);
103 #define	sx_init(sx, desc)	sx_init_flags((sx), (desc), 0)
104 void	sx_init_flags(struct sx *sx, const char *description, int opts);
105 void	sx_destroy(struct sx *sx);
106 int	sx_try_slock_int(struct sx *sx LOCK_FILE_LINE_ARG_DEF);
107 int	sx_try_slock_(struct sx *sx, const char *file, int line);
108 int	sx_try_xlock_int(struct sx *sx LOCK_FILE_LINE_ARG_DEF);
109 int	sx_try_xlock_(struct sx *sx, const char *file, int line);
110 int	sx_try_upgrade_int(struct sx *sx LOCK_FILE_LINE_ARG_DEF);
111 int	sx_try_upgrade_(struct sx *sx, const char *file, int line);
112 void	sx_downgrade_int(struct sx *sx LOCK_FILE_LINE_ARG_DEF);
113 void	sx_downgrade_(struct sx *sx, const char *file, int line);
114 int	_sx_slock_int(struct sx *sx, int opts LOCK_FILE_LINE_ARG_DEF);
115 int	_sx_slock(struct sx *sx, int opts, const char *file, int line);
116 int	_sx_xlock(struct sx *sx, int opts, const char *file, int line);
117 void	_sx_sunlock_int(struct sx *sx LOCK_FILE_LINE_ARG_DEF);
118 void	_sx_sunlock(struct sx *sx, const char *file, int line);
119 void	_sx_xunlock(struct sx *sx, const char *file, int line);
120 int	_sx_xlock_hard(struct sx *sx, uintptr_t x, int opts LOCK_FILE_LINE_ARG_DEF);
121 void	_sx_xunlock_hard(struct sx *sx, uintptr_t x LOCK_FILE_LINE_ARG_DEF);
122 #if defined(INVARIANTS) || defined(INVARIANT_SUPPORT)
123 void	_sx_assert(const struct sx *sx, int what, const char *file, int line);
124 #endif
125 #ifdef DDB
126 int	sx_chain(struct thread *td, struct thread **ownerp);
127 #endif
128 
129 struct sx_args {
130 	struct sx 	*sa_sx;
131 	const char	*sa_desc;
132 	int		sa_flags;
133 };
134 
135 #define	SX_SYSINIT_FLAGS(name, sxa, desc, flags)			\
136 	static struct sx_args name##_args = {				\
137 		(sxa),							\
138 		(desc),							\
139 		(flags)							\
140 	};								\
141 	SYSINIT(name##_sx_sysinit, SI_SUB_LOCK, SI_ORDER_MIDDLE,	\
142 	    sx_sysinit, &name##_args);					\
143 	SYSUNINIT(name##_sx_sysuninit, SI_SUB_LOCK, SI_ORDER_MIDDLE,	\
144 	    sx_destroy, (sxa))
145 
146 #define	SX_SYSINIT(name, sxa, desc)	SX_SYSINIT_FLAGS(name, sxa, desc, 0)
147 
148 /*
149  * Full lock operations that are suitable to be inlined in non-debug kernels.
150  * If the lock can't be acquired or released trivially then the work is
151  * deferred to 'tougher' functions.
152  */
153 
154 #if	(LOCK_DEBUG == 0)
155 /* Acquire an exclusive lock. */
156 static __inline int
157 __sx_xlock(struct sx *sx, struct thread *td, int opts, const char *file,
158     int line)
159 {
160 	uintptr_t tid = (uintptr_t)td;
161 	uintptr_t v = SX_LOCK_UNLOCKED;
162 	int error = 0;
163 
164 	if (__predict_false(LOCKSTAT_PROFILE_ENABLED(sx__acquire) ||
165 	    !atomic_fcmpset_acq_ptr(&sx->sx_lock, &v, tid)))
166 		error = _sx_xlock_hard(sx, v, opts);
167 
168 	return (error);
169 }
170 
171 /* Release an exclusive lock. */
172 static __inline void
173 __sx_xunlock(struct sx *sx, struct thread *td, const char *file, int line)
174 {
175 	uintptr_t x = (uintptr_t)td;
176 
177 	if (__predict_false(LOCKSTAT_PROFILE_ENABLED(sx__release) ||
178 	    !atomic_fcmpset_rel_ptr(&sx->sx_lock, &x, SX_LOCK_UNLOCKED)))
179 		_sx_xunlock_hard(sx, x);
180 }
181 #endif
182 
183 /*
184  * Public interface for lock operations.
185  */
186 #ifndef LOCK_DEBUG
187 #error	"LOCK_DEBUG not defined, include <sys/lock.h> before <sys/sx.h>"
188 #endif
189 #if	(LOCK_DEBUG > 0) || defined(SX_NOINLINE)
190 #define	sx_xlock_(sx, file, line)					\
191 	(void)_sx_xlock((sx), 0, (file), (line))
192 #define	sx_xlock_sig_(sx, file, line)					\
193 	_sx_xlock((sx), SX_INTERRUPTIBLE, (file), (line))
194 #define	sx_xunlock_(sx, file, line)					\
195 	_sx_xunlock((sx), (file), (line))
196 #else
197 #define	sx_xlock_(sx, file, line)					\
198 	(void)__sx_xlock((sx), curthread, 0, (file), (line))
199 #define	sx_xlock_sig_(sx, file, line)					\
200 	__sx_xlock((sx), curthread, SX_INTERRUPTIBLE, (file), (line))
201 #define	sx_xunlock_(sx, file, line)					\
202 	__sx_xunlock((sx), curthread, (file), (line))
203 #endif	/* LOCK_DEBUG > 0 || SX_NOINLINE */
204 #if	(LOCK_DEBUG > 0)
205 #define	sx_slock_(sx, file, line)					\
206 	(void)_sx_slock((sx), 0, (file), (line))
207 #define	sx_slock_sig_(sx, file, line)					\
208 	_sx_slock((sx), SX_INTERRUPTIBLE, (file) , (line))
209 #define	sx_sunlock_(sx, file, line)					\
210 	_sx_sunlock((sx), (file), (line))
211 #define	sx_try_slock(sx)	sx_try_slock_((sx), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
212 #define	sx_try_xlock(sx)	sx_try_xlock_((sx), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
213 #define	sx_try_upgrade(sx)	sx_try_upgrade_((sx), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
214 #define	sx_downgrade(sx)	sx_downgrade_((sx), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
215 #else
216 #define	sx_slock_(sx, file, line)					\
217 	(void)_sx_slock_int((sx), 0)
218 #define	sx_slock_sig_(sx, file, line)					\
219 	_sx_slock_int((sx), SX_INTERRUPTIBLE)
220 #define	sx_sunlock_(sx, file, line)					\
221 	_sx_sunlock_int((sx))
222 #define	sx_try_slock(sx)	sx_try_slock_int((sx))
223 #define	sx_try_xlock(sx)	sx_try_xlock_int((sx))
224 #define	sx_try_upgrade(sx)	sx_try_upgrade_int((sx))
225 #define	sx_downgrade(sx)	sx_downgrade_int((sx))
226 #endif
227 #ifdef INVARIANTS
228 #define	sx_assert_(sx, what, file, line)				\
229 	_sx_assert((sx), (what), (file), (line))
230 #else
231 #define	sx_assert_(sx, what, file, line)	(void)0
232 #endif
233 
234 #define	sx_xlock(sx)		sx_xlock_((sx), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
235 #define	sx_xlock_sig(sx)	sx_xlock_sig_((sx), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
236 #define	sx_xunlock(sx)		sx_xunlock_((sx), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
237 #define	sx_slock(sx)		sx_slock_((sx), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
238 #define	sx_slock_sig(sx)	sx_slock_sig_((sx), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
239 #define	sx_sunlock(sx)		sx_sunlock_((sx), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
240 #define	sx_assert(sx, what)	sx_assert_((sx), (what), __FILE__, __LINE__)
241 
242 /*
243  * Return a pointer to the owning thread if the lock is exclusively
244  * locked.
245  */
246 #define	sx_xholder(sx)							\
247 	((sx)->sx_lock & SX_LOCK_SHARED ? NULL :			\
248 	(struct thread *)SX_OWNER((sx)->sx_lock))
249 
250 #define	sx_xlocked(sx)							\
251 	(((sx)->sx_lock & ~(SX_LOCK_FLAGMASK & ~SX_LOCK_SHARED)) ==	\
252 	    (uintptr_t)curthread)
253 
254 #define	sx_unlock_(sx, file, line) __extension__ ({			\
255 	if (sx_xlocked(sx))						\
256 		sx_xunlock_(sx, file, line);				\
257 	else								\
258 		sx_sunlock_(sx, file, line);				\
259 	(void)0; /* ensure void type for expression */			\
260 })
261 
262 #define	sx_unlock(sx)	sx_unlock_((sx), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
263 
264 #define	sx_sleep(chan, sx, pri, wmesg, timo)				\
265 	_sleep((chan), &(sx)->lock_object, (pri), (wmesg),		\
266 	    tick_sbt * (timo), 0,  C_HARDCLOCK)
267 
268 /*
269  * Options passed to sx_init_flags().
270  */
271 #define	SX_DUPOK		0x01
272 #define	SX_NOPROFILE		0x02
273 #define	SX_NOWITNESS		0x04
274 #define	SX_QUIET		0x08
275 #define	SX_RECURSE		0x20
276 #define	SX_NEW			0x40
277 
278 /*
279  * Options passed to sx_*lock_hard().
280  */
281 #define	SX_INTERRUPTIBLE	0x40
282 
283 #if defined(INVARIANTS) || defined(INVARIANT_SUPPORT)
284 #define	SA_LOCKED		LA_LOCKED
285 #define	SA_SLOCKED		LA_SLOCKED
286 #define	SA_XLOCKED		LA_XLOCKED
287 #define	SA_UNLOCKED		LA_UNLOCKED
288 #define	SA_RECURSED		LA_RECURSED
289 #define	SA_NOTRECURSED		LA_NOTRECURSED
290 
291 /* Backwards compatibility. */
292 #define	SX_LOCKED		LA_LOCKED
293 #define	SX_SLOCKED		LA_SLOCKED
294 #define	SX_XLOCKED		LA_XLOCKED
295 #define	SX_UNLOCKED		LA_UNLOCKED
296 #define	SX_RECURSED		LA_RECURSED
297 #define	SX_NOTRECURSED		LA_NOTRECURSED
298 #endif
299 
300 #endif /* _KERNEL */
301 
302 #ifdef _STANDALONE
303 /* since we have no threads in the boot loader, trivially implement no-op version */
304 #define	sx_xlock(s)	do {} while (0)
305 #define	sx_try_xlock(s)	(1)
306 #define	sx_xunlock(s)	do {} while (0)
307 #define	SX_DUPOK	0
308 #define	SX_NEW		0
309 #define	SX_NOWITNESS	0
310 
311 static __inline void
312 sx_init_flags(struct sx *sx, const char *description, int opts)
313 {
314 
315 }
316 
317 static __inline void
318 sx_destroy(struct sx *sx)
319 {
320 
321 }
322 #endif /* _STANDALONE */
323 
324 #endif /* !_SYS_SX_H_ */
325