xref: /freebsd/crypto/openssh/sshkey.h (revision 8e28d84935f2f0ee081d44f9803f3052b960e50b)
1 /* $OpenBSD: sshkey.h,v 1.66 2025/04/02 04:28:03 tb Exp $ */
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 2000, 2001 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  * are met:
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
17  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
18  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
19  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
20  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
21  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
22  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
23  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
24  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
25  */
26 #ifndef SSHKEY_H
27 #define SSHKEY_H
28 
29 #include <sys/types.h>
30 
31 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
32 #include <openssl/rsa.h>
33 #ifdef WITH_DSA
34 #include <openssl/dsa.h>
35 #endif
36 #include <openssl/evp.h>
37 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
38 #  include <openssl/ec.h>
39 #  include <openssl/ecdsa.h>
40 # else /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
41 #  define EC_KEY	void
42 #  define EC_GROUP	void
43 #  define EC_POINT	void
44 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
45 #define SSH_OPENSSL_VERSION OpenSSL_version(OPENSSL_VERSION)
46 #else /* WITH_OPENSSL */
47 # define BIGNUM		void
48 # define RSA		void
49 # define DSA		void
50 # define EC_KEY		void
51 # define EC_GROUP	void
52 # define EC_POINT	void
53 # define EVP_PKEY	void
54 #define SSH_OPENSSL_VERSION "without OpenSSL"
55 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
56 
57 #define SSH_RSA_MINIMUM_MODULUS_SIZE	1024
58 #define SSH_KEY_MAX_SIGN_DATA_SIZE	(1 << 20)
59 
60 struct sshbuf;
61 
62 /* Key types */
63 enum sshkey_types {
64 	KEY_RSA,
65 	KEY_DSA,
66 	KEY_ECDSA,
67 	KEY_ED25519,
68 	KEY_RSA_CERT,
69 	KEY_DSA_CERT,
70 	KEY_ECDSA_CERT,
71 	KEY_ED25519_CERT,
72 	KEY_XMSS,
73 	KEY_XMSS_CERT,
74 	KEY_ECDSA_SK,
75 	KEY_ECDSA_SK_CERT,
76 	KEY_ED25519_SK,
77 	KEY_ED25519_SK_CERT,
78 	KEY_UNSPEC
79 };
80 
81 /* Default fingerprint hash */
82 #define SSH_FP_HASH_DEFAULT	SSH_DIGEST_SHA256
83 
84 /* Fingerprint representation formats */
85 enum sshkey_fp_rep {
86 	SSH_FP_DEFAULT = 0,
87 	SSH_FP_HEX,
88 	SSH_FP_BASE64,
89 	SSH_FP_BUBBLEBABBLE,
90 	SSH_FP_RANDOMART
91 };
92 
93 /* Private key serialisation formats, used on the wire */
94 enum sshkey_serialize_rep {
95 	SSHKEY_SERIALIZE_DEFAULT = 0,
96 	SSHKEY_SERIALIZE_STATE = 1,	/* only state is serialized */
97 	SSHKEY_SERIALIZE_FULL = 2,	/* include keys for saving to disk */
98 	SSHKEY_SERIALIZE_SHIELD = 3,	/* everything, for encrypting in ram */
99 	SSHKEY_SERIALIZE_INFO = 254,	/* minimal information */
100 };
101 
102 /* Private key disk formats */
103 enum sshkey_private_format {
104 	SSHKEY_PRIVATE_OPENSSH = 0,
105 	SSHKEY_PRIVATE_PEM = 1,
106 	SSHKEY_PRIVATE_PKCS8 = 2,
107 };
108 
109 /* key is stored in external hardware */
110 #define SSHKEY_FLAG_EXT		0x0001
111 
112 #define SSHKEY_CERT_MAX_PRINCIPALS	256
113 /* XXX opaquify? */
114 struct sshkey_cert {
115 	struct sshbuf	*certblob; /* Kept around for use on wire */
116 	u_int		 type; /* SSH2_CERT_TYPE_USER or SSH2_CERT_TYPE_HOST */
117 	u_int64_t	 serial;
118 	char		*key_id;
119 	u_int		 nprincipals;
120 	char		**principals;
121 	u_int64_t	 valid_after, valid_before;
122 	struct sshbuf	*critical;
123 	struct sshbuf	*extensions;
124 	struct sshkey	*signature_key;
125 	char		*signature_type;
126 };
127 
128 /* XXX opaquify? */
129 struct sshkey {
130 	int	 type;
131 	int	 flags;
132 	/* KEY_DSA */
133 	DSA	*dsa;
134 	/* KEY_ECDSA and KEY_ECDSA_SK */
135 	int	 ecdsa_nid;	/* NID of curve */
136 	/* libcrypto-backed keys */
137 	EVP_PKEY *pkey;
138 	/* KEY_ED25519 and KEY_ED25519_SK */
139 	u_char	*ed25519_sk;
140 	u_char	*ed25519_pk;
141 	/* KEY_XMSS */
142 	char	*xmss_name;
143 	char	*xmss_filename;	/* for state file updates */
144 	void	*xmss_state;	/* depends on xmss_name, opaque */
145 	u_char	*xmss_sk;
146 	u_char	*xmss_pk;
147 	/* KEY_ECDSA_SK and KEY_ED25519_SK */
148 	char	*sk_application;
149 	uint8_t	sk_flags;
150 	struct sshbuf *sk_key_handle;
151 	struct sshbuf *sk_reserved;
152 	/* Certificates */
153 	struct sshkey_cert *cert;
154 	/* Private key shielding */
155 	u_char	*shielded_private;
156 	size_t	shielded_len;
157 	u_char	*shield_prekey;
158 	size_t	shield_prekey_len;
159 };
160 
161 #define	ED25519_SK_SZ	crypto_sign_ed25519_SECRETKEYBYTES
162 #define	ED25519_PK_SZ	crypto_sign_ed25519_PUBLICKEYBYTES
163 
164 /* Additional fields contained in signature */
165 struct sshkey_sig_details {
166 	uint32_t sk_counter;	/* U2F signature counter */
167 	uint8_t sk_flags;	/* U2F signature flags; see ssh-sk.h */
168 };
169 
170 struct sshkey_impl_funcs {
171 	u_int (*size)(const struct sshkey *);	/* optional */
172 	int (*alloc)(struct sshkey *);		/* optional */
173 	void (*cleanup)(struct sshkey *);	/* optional */
174 	int (*equal)(const struct sshkey *, const struct sshkey *);
175 	int (*serialize_public)(const struct sshkey *, struct sshbuf *,
176 	    enum sshkey_serialize_rep);
177 	int (*deserialize_public)(const char *, struct sshbuf *,
178 	    struct sshkey *);
179 	int (*serialize_private)(const struct sshkey *, struct sshbuf *,
180 	    enum sshkey_serialize_rep);
181 	int (*deserialize_private)(const char *, struct sshbuf *,
182 	    struct sshkey *);
183 	int (*generate)(struct sshkey *, int);	/* optional */
184 	int (*copy_public)(const struct sshkey *, struct sshkey *);
185 	int (*sign)(struct sshkey *, u_char **, size_t *,
186 	    const u_char *, size_t, const char *,
187 	    const char *, const char *, u_int); /* optional */
188 	int (*verify)(const struct sshkey *, const u_char *, size_t,
189 	    const u_char *, size_t, const char *, u_int,
190 	    struct sshkey_sig_details **);
191 };
192 
193 struct sshkey_impl {
194 	const char *name;
195 	const char *shortname;
196 	const char *sigalg;
197 	int type;
198 	int nid;
199 	int cert;
200 	int sigonly;
201 	int keybits;
202 	const struct sshkey_impl_funcs *funcs;
203 };
204 
205 struct sshkey	*sshkey_new(int);
206 void		 sshkey_free(struct sshkey *);
207 int		 sshkey_equal_public(const struct sshkey *,
208     const struct sshkey *);
209 int		 sshkey_equal(const struct sshkey *, const struct sshkey *);
210 char		*sshkey_fingerprint(const struct sshkey *,
211     int, enum sshkey_fp_rep);
212 int		 sshkey_fingerprint_raw(const struct sshkey *k,
213     int, u_char **retp, size_t *lenp);
214 const char	*sshkey_type(const struct sshkey *);
215 const char	*sshkey_cert_type(const struct sshkey *);
216 int		 sshkey_format_text(const struct sshkey *, struct sshbuf *);
217 int		 sshkey_write(const struct sshkey *, FILE *);
218 int		 sshkey_read(struct sshkey *, char **);
219 u_int		 sshkey_size(const struct sshkey *);
220 
221 int		 sshkey_generate(int type, u_int bits, struct sshkey **keyp);
222 int		 sshkey_from_private(const struct sshkey *, struct sshkey **);
223 
224 int		 sshkey_is_shielded(struct sshkey *);
225 int		 sshkey_shield_private(struct sshkey *);
226 int		 sshkey_unshield_private(struct sshkey *);
227 
228 int	 sshkey_type_from_name(const char *);
229 int	 sshkey_type_from_shortname(const char *);
230 int	 sshkey_is_cert(const struct sshkey *);
231 int	 sshkey_is_sk(const struct sshkey *);
232 int	 sshkey_type_is_cert(int);
233 int	 sshkey_type_plain(int);
234 
235 /* Returns non-zero if key name match sigalgs pattern list. (handles RSA) */
236 int	 sshkey_match_keyname_to_sigalgs(const char *, const char *);
237 
238 int	 sshkey_to_certified(struct sshkey *);
239 int	 sshkey_drop_cert(struct sshkey *);
240 int	 sshkey_cert_copy(const struct sshkey *, struct sshkey *);
241 int	 sshkey_cert_check_authority(const struct sshkey *, int, int, int,
242     uint64_t, const char *, const char **);
243 int	 sshkey_cert_check_authority_now(const struct sshkey *, int, int, int,
244     const char *, const char **);
245 int	 sshkey_cert_check_host(const struct sshkey *, const char *,
246     int , const char *, const char **);
247 size_t	 sshkey_format_cert_validity(const struct sshkey_cert *,
248     char *, size_t) __attribute__((__bounded__(__string__, 2, 3)));
249 int	 sshkey_check_cert_sigtype(const struct sshkey *, const char *);
250 
251 int	 sshkey_certify(struct sshkey *, struct sshkey *,
252     const char *, const char *, const char *);
253 /* Variant allowing use of a custom signature function (e.g. for ssh-agent) */
254 typedef int sshkey_certify_signer(struct sshkey *, u_char **, size_t *,
255     const u_char *, size_t, const char *, const char *, const char *,
256     u_int, void *);
257 int	 sshkey_certify_custom(struct sshkey *, struct sshkey *, const char *,
258     const char *, const char *, sshkey_certify_signer *, void *);
259 
260 int		 sshkey_ecdsa_nid_from_name(const char *);
261 int		 sshkey_curve_name_to_nid(const char *);
262 const char *	 sshkey_curve_nid_to_name(int);
263 u_int		 sshkey_curve_nid_to_bits(int);
264 int		 sshkey_ecdsa_bits_to_nid(int);
265 int		 sshkey_ecdsa_key_to_nid(const EC_KEY *);
266 int		 sshkey_ecdsa_pkey_to_nid(EVP_PKEY *);
267 int		 sshkey_ec_nid_to_hash_alg(int nid);
268 int		 sshkey_ec_validate_public(const EC_GROUP *, const EC_POINT *);
269 int		 sshkey_ec_validate_private(const EC_KEY *);
270 const char	*sshkey_ssh_name(const struct sshkey *);
271 const char	*sshkey_ssh_name_plain(const struct sshkey *);
272 int		 sshkey_names_valid2(const char *, int, int);
273 char		*sshkey_alg_list(int, int, int, char);
274 
275 int	 sshkey_from_blob(const u_char *, size_t, struct sshkey **);
276 int	 sshkey_fromb(struct sshbuf *, struct sshkey **);
277 int	 sshkey_froms(struct sshbuf *, struct sshkey **);
278 int	 sshkey_to_blob(const struct sshkey *, u_char **, size_t *);
279 int	 sshkey_to_base64(const struct sshkey *, char **);
280 int	 sshkey_putb(const struct sshkey *, struct sshbuf *);
281 int	 sshkey_puts(const struct sshkey *, struct sshbuf *);
282 int	 sshkey_puts_opts(const struct sshkey *, struct sshbuf *,
283     enum sshkey_serialize_rep);
284 int	 sshkey_plain_to_blob(const struct sshkey *, u_char **, size_t *);
285 int	 sshkey_putb_plain(const struct sshkey *, struct sshbuf *);
286 
287 int	 sshkey_sign(struct sshkey *, u_char **, size_t *,
288     const u_char *, size_t, const char *, const char *, const char *, u_int);
289 int	 sshkey_verify(const struct sshkey *, const u_char *, size_t,
290     const u_char *, size_t, const char *, u_int, struct sshkey_sig_details **);
291 int	 sshkey_check_sigtype(const u_char *, size_t, const char *);
292 const char *sshkey_sigalg_by_name(const char *);
293 int	 sshkey_get_sigtype(const u_char *, size_t, char **);
294 
295 /* Signing and verification backend for libcrypto-backed keys */
296 int	sshkey_pkey_digest_sign(EVP_PKEY*, int, u_char **,
297     size_t *, const u_char *, size_t);
298 int	sshkey_pkey_digest_verify(EVP_PKEY *, int, const u_char *,
299     size_t, u_char *, size_t);
300 
301 /* for debug */
302 void	sshkey_dump_ec_point(const EC_GROUP *, const EC_POINT *);
303 void	sshkey_dump_ec_key(const EC_KEY *);
304 
305 /* private key parsing and serialisation */
306 int	sshkey_private_serialize(struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *buf);
307 int	sshkey_private_serialize_opt(struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *buf,
308     enum sshkey_serialize_rep);
309 int	sshkey_private_deserialize(struct sshbuf *buf,  struct sshkey **keyp);
310 
311 /* private key file format parsing and serialisation */
312 int	sshkey_private_to_fileblob(struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *blob,
313     const char *passphrase, const char *comment,
314     int format, const char *openssh_format_cipher, int openssh_format_rounds);
315 int	sshkey_parse_private_fileblob(struct sshbuf *buffer,
316     const char *passphrase, struct sshkey **keyp, char **commentp);
317 int	sshkey_parse_private_fileblob_type(struct sshbuf *blob, int type,
318     const char *passphrase, struct sshkey **keyp, char **commentp);
319 int	sshkey_parse_pubkey_from_private_fileblob_type(struct sshbuf *blob,
320     int type, struct sshkey **pubkeyp);
321 
322 int sshkey_check_rsa_length(const struct sshkey *, int);
323 /* XXX should be internal, but used by ssh-keygen */
324 int ssh_rsa_complete_crt_parameters(const BIGNUM *, const BIGNUM *,
325     const BIGNUM *, const BIGNUM *, BIGNUM **, BIGNUM **);
326 
327 /* stateful keys (e.g. XMSS) */
328 int	 sshkey_set_filename(struct sshkey *, const char *);
329 int	 sshkey_enable_maxsign(struct sshkey *, u_int32_t);
330 u_int32_t sshkey_signatures_left(const struct sshkey *);
331 int	 sshkey_private_serialize_maxsign(struct sshkey *key,
332     struct sshbuf *buf, u_int32_t maxsign, int);
333 
334 void	 sshkey_sig_details_free(struct sshkey_sig_details *);
335 
336 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
337 int	sshkey_ecdsa_fixup_group(EVP_PKEY *k); /* ssh-ecdsa.c */
338 #endif
339 
340 #ifdef SSHKEY_INTERNAL
341 int	sshkey_sk_fields_equal(const struct sshkey *a, const struct sshkey *b);
342 void	sshkey_sk_cleanup(struct sshkey *k);
343 int	sshkey_serialize_sk(const struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *b);
344 int	sshkey_copy_public_sk(const struct sshkey *from, struct sshkey *to);
345 int	sshkey_deserialize_sk(struct sshbuf *b, struct sshkey *key);
346 int	sshkey_serialize_private_sk(const struct sshkey *key,
347     struct sshbuf *buf);
348 int	sshkey_private_deserialize_sk(struct sshbuf *buf, struct sshkey *k);
349 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
350 int	check_rsa_length(const RSA *rsa); /* XXX remove */
351 #endif
352 #endif
353 
354 #if !defined(WITH_OPENSSL)
355 # undef RSA
356 # undef DSA
357 # undef EC_KEY
358 # undef EC_GROUP
359 # undef EC_POINT
360 # undef EVP_PKEY
361 #elif !defined(OPENSSL_HAS_ECC)
362 # undef EC_KEY
363 # undef EC_GROUP
364 # undef EC_POINT
365 #endif
366 
367 #endif /* SSHKEY_H */
368