Lines Matching +full:vesa +full:- +full:18
4 INFO-DIR-SECTION Kernel
5 START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
7 * grub-install: (grub)Invoking grub-install. Install GRUB on your drive
8 * grub-md5-crypt: (grub)Invoking grub-md5-crypt. Encrypt a password
10 * grub-terminfo: (grub)Invoking grub-terminfo. Generate a terminfo
13 * grub-set-default: (grub)Invoking grub-set-default. Set a default boot
16 END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
57 * Interface:: The menu and the command-line
61 * Invoking grub-install:: How to use the GRUB installer
62 * Invoking grub-md5-crypt:: How to generate a cryptic password
63 * Invoking grub-terminfo:: How to generate a terminfo command
64 * Invoking grub-set-default:: How to set a default boot entry
99 systems with chain-loading(1) (*note Overview-Footnote-1::). GRUB is
111 When booting with GRUB, you can use either a command-line interface
112 (*note Command-line interface::), or a menu interface (*note Menu
113 interface::). Using the command-line interface, you type the drive
117 Configuration::). While in the menu, you can switch to the command-line
118 mode, and vice-versa. You can even edit menu entries before using them.
131 File: grub.info, Node: Overview-Footnotes, Up: Overview
133 (1) "chain-load" is the mechanism for loading unsupported operating
147 determined not to add to the large number of mutually-incompatible PC
156 from keeping up with the demands of its quickly-expanding user base. In
174 * Basic functions must be straightforward for end-users.
180 supported via a chain-loading function.
182 Except for specific compatibility modes (chain-loading and the Linux
197 Support non-Multiboot kernels
198 Support many of the various free 32-bit kernels that lack Multiboot
200 Chain-loading of other boot loaders is also supported.
206 Support a human-readable text configuration file with preset boot
210 supported on the command-line. An example configuration file is
219 Have a flexible command-line interface
220 A fairly flexible command-line interface, accessible from the menu,
223 GRUB drops to the command-line.
227 resembles the Bash command-line (*note Bash: (features)Command
228 Line Editing.), with <TAB>-completion of commands, devices,
244 Features-Footnote-1::)
247 compressed state, so a different module-loading command can be
262 GRUB can generally find all the installed RAM on a PC-compatible
280 GRUB is basically a disk-based boot loader but also has network
290 File: grub.info, Node: Features-Footnotes, Up: Features
313 boot loader-Footnote-1::) or "GRUB" systems.
328 File: grub.info, Node: Role of a boot loader-Footnotes, Up: Role of a boot loader
380 partition you want, the GRUB command-line (*note Command-line
391 Note that GRUB does _not_ distinguish IDE from SCSI - it simply
416 the GRUB system and utilities under your UNIX-like operating system
421 drive (floppy or hard disk). There are two ways of doing that - either
422 using the utility `grub-install' (*note Invoking grub-install::) on a
423 UNIX-like OS, or by running GRUB itself from a floppy. These are quite
427 Also, if you install GRUB on a UNIX-like OS, please make sure that
433 `/usr/lib/grub/i386-pc'. If you do not use grub-install, then you need
435 `/boot/grub', and run the `grub-set-default' (*note Invoking
436 grub-set-default::) if you intend to use `default saved' (*note
438 GRUB images are initially placed (normally `/usr/lib/grub/i386-pc')
447 * Installing GRUB using grub-install::
448 * Making a GRUB bootable CD-ROM::
463 On a UNIX-like operating system, that is done with the following
466 # cd /usr/lib/grub/i386-pc
479 File: grub.info, Node: Installing GRUB natively, Next: Installing GRUB using grub-install, Prev:…
485 normal boot-sector used by an OS.
498 using grub-install::.
500 Once started, GRUB will show the command-line interface (*note
501 Command-line interface::). First, set the GRUB's "root device"(1)
502 (*note Installing GRUB natively-Footnote-1::) to the partition
528 one, you must chain-load GRUB from another boot loader. Refer to the
529 manual for the boot loader to know how to chain-load GRUB.
536 File: grub.info, Node: Installing GRUB natively-Footnotes, Up: Installing GRUB natively
543 File: grub.info, Node: Installing GRUB using grub-install, Next: Making a GRUB bootable CD-ROM, …
545 3.3 Installing GRUB using grub-install
551 devices correctly--GRUB merely "guesses" the mapping. This will succeed
556 If you still do want to install GRUB under a UNIX-like OS (such as
557 GNU), invoke the program `grub-install' (*note Invoking grub-install::)
566 # grub-install /dev/hda
570 # grub-install /dev/hd0
574 # grub-install '(hd0)'
578 # grub-install hd0
583 `--root-directory'. The typical usage is that you create a GRUB boot
587 # mount -t ext2 /dev/fd0 /mnt
588 # grub-install --root-directory=/mnt fd0
593 anything about mountpoints at all. Thus, you need to run `grub-install'
596 # grub-install --root-directory=/boot /dev/hda
599 drives correctly under a UNIX-like OS. Thus, `grub-install' will prompt
605 Note that `grub-install' is actually just a shell script and the
608 without using `grub-install'. Don't do that, however, unless you are
613 File: grub.info, Node: Making a GRUB bootable CD-ROM, Prev: Installing GRUB using grub-install, …
615 3.4 Making a GRUB bootable CD-ROM
619 (*note Making a GRUB bootable CD-ROM-Footnote-1::). This means that you
620 can use the whole CD-ROM from GRUB and you don't have to make a floppy
623 For booting from a CD-ROM, GRUB uses a special Stage 2 called
625 bootable CD-ROM are this `stage2_eltorito' and optionally a config file
629 Here is an example of procedures to make a bootable CD-ROM image.
636 $ mkdir -p iso/boot/grub
640 $ cp /usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/stage2_eltorito iso/boot/grub
648 $ mkisofs -R -b boot/grub/stage2_eltorito -no-emul-boot \
649 -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table -o grub.iso iso
654 on the disc. (Note that the `-boot-load-size 4' bit is required for
657 You can use the device `(cd)' to access a CD-ROM in your config
659 `(cd)' when booted from a CD-ROM. It is only necessary to refer to
663 File: grub.info, Node: Making a GRUB bootable CD-ROM-Footnotes, Up: Making a GRUB bootable CD-ROM
674 GRUB can load Multiboot-compliant kernels in a consistent way, but for
675 some free operating systems you need to use some OS-specific magic.
680 * OS-specific notes:: Notes on some operating systems
684 File: grub.info, Node: General boot methods, Next: OS-specific notes, Up: Booting
690 operating system directly, and the other is to chain-load another boot
701 * Chain-loading::
704 File: grub.info, Node: Loading an operating system directly, Next: Chain-loading, Up: General bo…
707 ------------------------------------------
712 boot other operating systems, you will have to chain-load them (*note
713 Chain-loading::).
715 Generally, GRUB can boot any Multiboot-compliant OS in the following
732 please refer to *Note OS-specific notes::, for information on your
733 OS-specific issues.
736 File: grub.info, Node: Chain-loading, Prev: Loading an operating system directly, Up: General bo…
739 --------------------------------------------------------------------
742 chain-load a boot loader for the operating system. Normally, the boot
752 `makeactive'(1) (*note Chain-loading-Footnote-1::) (*note
773 File: grub.info, Node: Chain-loading-Footnotes, Up: Chain-loading
778 File: grub.info, Node: OS-specific notes, Next: Making your system robust, Prev: General boot me…
780 4.2 Some caveats on OS-specific issues
797 File: grub.info, Node: GNU/Hurd, Next: GNU/Linux, Up: OS-specific notes
800 --------------
802 Since GNU/Hurd is Multiboot-compliant, it is easy to boot it; there is
818 File: grub.info, Node: GNU/Linux, Next: FreeBSD, Prev: GNU/Hurd, Up: OS-specific notes
821 ---------------
824 resembles to boot a Multiboot-compliant OS.
855 File: grub.info, Node: FreeBSD, Next: NetBSD, Prev: GNU/Linux, Up: OS-specific notes
858 -------------
873 File: grub.info, Node: NetBSD, Next: OpenBSD, Prev: FreeBSD, Up: OS-specific notes
876 ------------
883 the ugly option `--type=netbsd', if you want to load an ELF
886 grub> kernel --type=netbsd /netbsd-elf
891 so it may be better to chain-load it instead. For more information,
892 please see *Note Chain-loading::.
895 File: grub.info, Node: OpenBSD, Next: DOS/Windows, Prev: NetBSD, Up: OS-specific notes
898 -------------
904 File: grub.info, Node: DOS/Windows, Next: SCO UnixWare, Prev: OpenBSD, Up: OS-specific notes
907 -----------------
909 GRUB cannot boot DOS or Windows directly, so you must chain-load them
910 (*note Chain-loading::). However, their boot loaders have some critical
911 deficiencies, so it may not work to just chain-load them. To overcome
914 If you have installed DOS (or Windows) on a non-first hard disk, you
950 File: grub.info, Node: SCO UnixWare, Next: QNX, Prev: DOS/Windows, Up: OS-specific notes
953 ------------------
956 wrong, so you will have to specify the option `--force' to
960 grub> chainloader --force +1
965 File: grub.info, Node: QNX, Prev: SCO UnixWare, Up: OS-specific notes
968 ---------
978 File: grub.info, Node: Making your system robust, Prev: OS-specific notes, Up: Booting
1008 * Booting once-only::
1012 File: grub.info, Node: Booting once-only, Next: Booting fallback systems, Up: Making your system…
1014 4.3.1 Booting once-only
1015 -----------------------
1052 time. For this, execute `grub-set-default' (*note Invoking
1053 grub-set-default::):
1055 # grub-set-default 1
1066 File: grub.info, Node: Booting fallback systems, Prev: Booting once-only, Up: Making your system…
1069 ------------------------------
1121 However, you need to run `grub-set-default' (*note Invoking
1122 grub-set-default::) when `A' starts correctly or you fix `A' after it
1127 # grub-set-default 0
1133 this file is plain-text, you can just `cat' this file. But it is
1137 `grub-set-default' when you need to change the default entry.
1146 your OS. There's a solution to that - GRUB provides a menu interface
1154 related options. You can put these commands (*note Menu-specific
1184 interface specific, can be found in *Note Menu-specific commands::.
1240 This will boot OS/2, using a chain-loader (*note Chain-loading::).
1261 color light-green/brown blink-red/blue
1265 because it can be used both in the command-line and in the menu. GRUB
1277 Although GRUB is a disk-based boot loader, it does provide network
1296 RARP server(1) (*note General usage of network support-Footnote-1::).
1310 grub> ifconfig --address=192.168.110.23 --server=192.168.110.14
1334 File: grub.info, Node: General usage of network support-Footnotes, Up: General usage of network s…
1397 you need to prepare a null-modem (cross) serial cable, and you may need
1405 `--disable-serial' to the configure script when you built your GRUB
1412 grub> serial --unit=0 --speed=9600
1417 use COM2, you must specify `--unit=1' instead. This command accepts
1428 emulators nowadays, but you should pass the option `--dumb' to the
1429 command if your terminal emulator is not VT100-compatible or implements
1446 (*note terminal::) before anything else at the start-up time.
1466 file to the configure script with the option `--enable-preset-menu'.
1482 serial --unit=0 --speed=19200
1483 terminal --timeout=0 serial
1500 configuration and run arbitrary commands at run-time. For example, the
1501 user can even read `/etc/passwd' in the command-line interface by the
1507 entering the command-line interface). To use this feature, you need to
1511 password --md5 PASSWORD
1514 you press the key <p> and enter a correct password. The option `--md5'
1532 password PASSWORD /boot/grub/menu-admin.lst
1534 In this case, GRUB will load `/boot/grub/menu-admin.lst' as a
1567 called "Stage 1.5", one image for bootable CD-ROM, and two network boot
1609 This is a boot image for CD-ROMs using the "no emulation mode" in
1650 `(DEVICE[,PART-NUM][,BSD-SUBPART-LETTER])'
1661 PART-NUM represents the partition number of DEVICE, starting from
1663 BSD-SUBPART-LETTER represents the BSD disklabel subpartition, such as
1667 `(DEVICE,BSD-SUBPART-LETTER)', in this case, GRUB searches for the
1669 subpartition BSD-SUBPART-LETTER. Here is an example:
1682 If you boot GRUB from a CD-ROM, `(cd)' is available. *Note Making a
1683 GRUB bootable CD-ROM::, for details.
1730 configuration file, and a highly flexible command-line for performing
1735 entries were found in the file. If you choose the "command-line" menu
1737 the command-line interface.
1741 * Command-line interface:: The flexible command-line interface
1747 File: grub.info, Node: Command-line interface, Next: Menu interface, Up: Interface
1749 12.1 The flexible command-line interface
1752 The command-line interface provides a prompt and after it an editable
1753 text area much like a command-line in Unix or DOS. Each command is
1754 immediately executed after it is entered(1) (*note Command-line
1755 interface-Footnote-1::). The commands (*note Command-line and menu
1762 <C-f>
1766 <C-b>
1770 <C-a>
1774 <C-e>
1778 <C-d>
1782 <C-h>
1786 <C-k>
1790 <C-u>
1793 <C-y>
1796 <C-p>
1800 <C-n>
1805 the first word in the command-line, pressing the <TAB> key (or <C-i>)
1816 File: grub.info, Node: Command-line interface-Footnotes, Up: Command-line interface
1819 a user-invisible way.
1822 File: grub.info, Node: Menu interface, Next: Menu entry editor, Prev: Command-line interface, U…
1836 Commands are available to enter a bare command-line by pressing <c>
1837 (which operates exactly like the non-config-file version of GRUB, but
1859 special version of the GRUB command-line to edit that line. When the
1884 back to the command-line interface (*note Command-line interface::).
1896 be entered on the command-line and can be used either anywhere in the
1901 * Menu-specific commands::
1903 * Command-line and menu entry commands::
1906 File: grub.info, Node: Menu-specific commands, Next: General commands, Up: Commands
1913 * The menu-specific commands have to be used before any others.
1915 * The files _must_ be in plain-text format.
1923 number must be preceded by `0x', and is case-insensitive.
1942 File: grub.info, Node: default, Next: fallback, Up: Menu-specific commands
1945 --------------
1947 -- Command: default num
1957 File: grub.info, Node: fallback, Next: hiddenmenu, Prev: default, Up: Menu-specific commands
1960 ---------------
1962 -- Command: fallback num...
1971 File: grub.info, Node: hiddenmenu, Next: timeout, Prev: fallback, Up: Menu-specific commands
1974 -----------------
1976 -- Command: hiddenmenu
1984 File: grub.info, Node: timeout, Next: title, Prev: hiddenmenu, Up: Menu-specific commands
1987 --------------
1989 -- Command: timeout sec
1994 File: grub.info, Node: title, Prev: timeout, Up: Menu-specific commands
1997 ------------
1999 -- Command: title name ...
2001 rest of the line, starting with the first non-space character.
2004 File: grub.info, Node: General commands, Next: Command-line and menu entry commands, Prev: Menu-…
2009 Commands usable anywhere in the menu and in the command-line.
2035 ------------
2037 -- Command: bootp [`--with-configfile']
2042 If you specify `--with-configfile' to this command, GRUB will
2050 ------------
2052 -- Command: color normal [highlight]
2075 * light-gray
2079 * dark-gray
2081 * light-blue
2083 * light-green
2085 * light-cyan
2087 * light-red
2089 * light-magenta
2096 prefix `blink-' to FOREGROUND if you want a blinking foreground
2104 color light-gray/blue black/light-gray
2107 title OS-BS like
2114 -------------
2116 -- Command: device drive file
2122 grub> device (fd0) /floppy-image
2132 -----------
2134 -- Command: dhcp [-with-configfile]
2140 If you specify `--with-configfile' to this command, GRUB will
2148 -----------
2150 -- Command: hide partition
2160 ---------------
2162 -- Command: ifconfig [`--server=server'] [`--gateway=gateway']
2163 [`--mask=mask'] [`--address=address']
2174 ------------
2176 -- Command: pager [flag]
2185 --------------
2187 -- Command: partnew part type from len
2190 type and must be a number in the range `0-0xff'; FROM is the
2197 ---------------
2199 -- Command: parttype part type
2202 the new partition type and must be a number in the range 0-0xff.
2208 ----------------
2210 -- Command: password [`--md5'] passwd [new-config-file]
2212 interactive editing control (menu entry editor and command-line)
2214 PASSWD is entered, it loads the NEW-CONFIG-FILE as a new config
2215 file and restarts the GRUB Stage 2, if NEW-CONFIG-FILE is
2219 continuing. The option `--md5' tells GRUB that PASSWD is
2226 ------------
2228 -- Command: rarp
2237 --------------
2239 -- Command: serial [`--unit=unit'] [`--port=port'] [`--speed=speed']
2240 [`--word=word'] [`--parity=parity'] [`--stop=stop']
2241 [`--device=dev']
2242 Initialize a serial device. UNIT is a number in the range 0-3
2248 be in the range 5-8 and stop bits must be 1 or 2. Default is 8 data
2250 defaults to `no'. The option `--device' can only be used in the
2264 --------------
2266 -- Command: setkey [to_key from_key]
2318 `-'
2390 ----------------
2392 -- Command: terminal [`--dumb'] [`--no-echo'] [`--no-edit']
2393 [`--timeout=secs'] [`--lines=lines'] [`--silent'] [`console']
2396 be VT100-compatible unless `--dumb' is specified. If both
2408 The option `--lines' defines the number of lines in your terminal,
2412 The option `--silent' suppresses the message to prompt you to hit
2416 The option `--no-echo' has GRUB not to echo back input characters.
2417 This implies the option `--no-edit'.
2419 The option `--no-edit' disables the BASH-like editing feature.
2425 ----------------
2427 -- Command: terminfo `--name=name' `--cursor-address=seq'
2428 [`--clear-screen=seq'] [`--enter-standout-mode=seq']
2429 [`--exit-standout-mode=seq']
2431 define escape sequences, if it is not vt100-compatible. You may
2434 You can use the utility `grub-terminfo' to generate appropriate
2435 arguments to this command. *Note Invoking grub-terminfo::.
2443 ------------------
2445 -- Command: tftpserver ipaddr
2458 --------------
2460 -- Command: unhide partition
2467 File: grub.info, Node: Command-line and menu entry commands, Prev: General commands, Up: Commands
2469 13.3 The list of command-line and menu entry commands
2472 These commands are usable in the command-line and in menu entries. If
2480 * chainloader:: Chain-load another boot loader
2512 * testvbe:: Test VESA BIOS EXTENSION
2514 * vbeprobe:: Probe VESA BIOS EXTENSION
2517 File: grub.info, Node: blocklist, Next: boot, Up: Command-line and menu entry commands
2520 ----------------
2522 -- Command: blocklist file
2527 File: grub.info, Node: boot, Next: cat, Prev: blocklist, Up: Command-line and menu entry comman…
2530 -----------
2532 -- Command: boot
2533 Boot the OS or chain-loader which has been loaded. Only necessary
2534 if running the fully interactive command-line (it is implicit at
2538 File: grub.info, Node: cat, Next: chainloader, Prev: boot, Up: Command-line and menu entry comm…
2541 ----------
2543 -- Command: cat file
2550 File: grub.info, Node: chainloader, Next: cmp, Prev: cat, Up: Command-line and menu entry comma…
2553 ------------------
2555 -- Command: chainloader [`--force'] file
2556 Load FILE as a chain-loader. Like any other file loaded by the
2559 option `--force', then load FILE forcibly, whether it has a
2565 File: grub.info, Node: cmp, Next: configfile, Prev: chainloader, Up: Command-line and menu entr…
2568 ----------
2570 -- Command: cmp file1 file2
2584 File: grub.info, Node: configfile, Next: debug, Prev: cmp, Up: Command-line and menu entry comm…
2587 -----------------
2589 -- Command: configfile file
2593 File: grub.info, Node: debug, Next: displayapm, Prev: configfile, Up: Command-line and menu ent…
2596 ------------
2598 -- Command: debug
2605 File: grub.info, Node: displayapm, Next: displaymem, Prev: debug, Up: Command-line and menu ent…
2608 -----------------
2610 -- Command: displayapm
2614 File: grub.info, Node: displaymem, Next: embed, Prev: displayapm, Up: Command-line and menu ent…
2617 -----------------
2619 -- Command: displaymem
2630 File: grub.info, Node: embed, Next: find, Prev: displaymem, Up: Command-line and menu entry com…
2633 -------------
2635 -- Command: embed stage1_5 device
2638 partition or a ReiserFS partition.(1) (*note embed-Footnote-1::)
2645 File: grub.info, Node: embed-Footnotes, Up: embed
2650 File: grub.info, Node: find, Next: fstest, Prev: embed, Up: Command-line and menu entry commands
2653 ------------
2655 -- Command: find filename
2662 File: grub.info, Node: fstest, Next: geometry, Prev: find, Up: Command-line and menu entry comm…
2665 --------------
2667 -- Command: fstest
2670 values are being sent to the low-level routines. The format is
2671 `<PARTITION-OFFSET-SECTOR, BYTE-OFFSET, BYTE-LENGTH>' for
2672 high-level reads inside a partition, and `[DISK-OFFSET-SECTOR]'
2673 for low-level sector requests from the disk. Filesystem test mode
2678 File: grub.info, Node: geometry, Next: halt, Prev: fstest, Up: Command-line and menu entry comm…
2681 ----------------
2683 -- Command: geometry drive [cylinder head sector [total_sector]]
2692 File: grub.info, Node: halt, Next: help, Prev: geometry, Up: Command-line and menu entry comman…
2695 ------------
2697 -- Command: halt `--no-apm'
2698 The command halts the computer. If the `--no-apm' option is
2703 File: grub.info, Node: help, Next: impsprobe, Prev: halt, Up: Command-line and menu entry comma…
2706 ------------
2708 -- Command: help `--all' [pattern ...]
2711 available commands. If you specify the option `--all' to this
2719 File: grub.info, Node: impsprobe, Next: initrd, Prev: help, Up: Command-line and menu entry com…
2722 -----------------
2724 -- Command: impsprobe
2731 File: grub.info, Node: initrd, Next: install, Prev: impsprobe, Up: Command-line and menu entry …
2734 --------------
2736 -- Command: initrd file ...
2742 File: grub.info, Node: install, Next: ioprobe, Prev: initrd, Up: Command-line and menu entry co…
2744 13.3.18 install
2745 ---------------
2747 -- Command: install [`--force-lba'] [`--stage2=os_stage2_file']
2755 Stage 1.5(1) (*note install-Footnote-1::) is in its final install
2793 `--force-lba'. Don't use this option if you know that your BIOS
2796 *Caution3:* You must specify the option `--stage2' in the grub
2802 File: grub.info, Node: install-Footnotes, Up: install
2808 File: grub.info, Node: ioprobe, Next: kernel, Prev: install, Up: Command-line and menu entry co…
2811 ---------------
2813 -- Command: ioprobe drive
2819 File: grub.info, Node: kernel, Next: lock, Prev: ioprobe, Up: Command-line and menu entry comma…
2822 --------------
2824 -- Command: kernel [`--type=type'] [`--no-mem-option'] file ...
2828 command-line". Any modules must be reloaded after using this
2831 This command also accepts the option `--type' so that you can
2839 The option `--no-mem-option' is effective only for Linux. If the
2841 kernel. This option is implied for Linux kernels 2.4.18 and newer.
2844 File: grub.info, Node: lock, Next: makeactive, Prev: kernel, Up: Command-line and menu entry co…
2847 ------------
2849 -- Command: lock
2859 kernel /no-security-os
2864 File: grub.info, Node: makeactive, Next: map, Prev: lock, Up: Command-line and menu entry comma…
2867 ------------------
2869 -- Command: makeactive
2874 File: grub.info, Node: map, Next: md5crypt, Prev: makeactive, Up: Command-line and menu entry c…
2877 -----------
2879 -- Command: map to_drive from_drive
2881 when you chain-load some operating systems, such as DOS, if such
2882 an OS resides at a non-first drive. Here is an example:
2891 File: grub.info, Node: md5crypt, Next: module, Prev: map, Up: Command-line and menu entry comma…
2894 ----------------
2896 -- Command: md5crypt
2902 File: grub.info, Node: module, Next: modulenounzip, Prev: md5crypt, Up: Command-line and menu e…
2905 --------------
2907 -- Command: module file ...
2911 of the line is passed as the "module command-line", like the
2916 File: grub.info, Node: modulenounzip, Next: pause, Prev: module, Up: Command-line and menu entr…
2919 ---------------------
2921 -- Command: modulenounzip file ...
2926 File: grub.info, Node: pause, Next: quit, Prev: modulenounzip, Up: Command-line and menu entry …
2929 -------------
2931 -- Command: pause message ...
2938 File: grub.info, Node: quit, Next: reboot, Prev: pause, Up: Command-line and menu entry commands
2941 ------------
2943 -- Command: quit
2948 File: grub.info, Node: reboot, Next: read, Prev: quit, Up: Command-line and menu entry commands
2951 --------------
2953 -- Command: reboot
2957 File: grub.info, Node: read, Next: root, Prev: reboot, Up: Command-line and menu entry commands
2960 ------------
2962 -- Command: read addr
2963 Read a 32-bit value from memory at address ADDR and display it in
2967 File: grub.info, Node: root, Next: rootnoverify, Prev: read, Up: Command-line and menu entry co…
2970 ------------
2972 -- Command: root device [hdbias]
2975 descriptor in `ES:ESI', used by some chain-loaded boot loaders),
2976 the BSD drive-type (for booting BSD kernels using their native
2978 sub-partition is located. The optional HDBIAS parameter is a
2987 File: grub.info, Node: rootnoverify, Next: savedefault, Prev: root, Up: Command-line and menu e…
2990 --------------------
2992 -- Command: rootnoverify device [hdbias]
3000 File: grub.info, Node: savedefault, Next: setup, Prev: rootnoverify, Up: Command-line and menu …
3003 -------------------
3005 -- Command: savedefault num
3031 See also *Note default:: and *Note Invoking grub-set-default::.
3034 File: grub.info, Node: setup, Next: testload, Prev: savedefault, Up: Command-line and menu entr…
3037 -------------
3039 -- Command: setup [`--force-lba'] [`--stage2=os_stage2_file']
3040 [`--prefix=dir'] install_device [image_device]
3050 The option `--prefix' specifies the directory under which GRUB
3054 The options `--force-lba' and `--stage2' are just passed to
3058 File: grub.info, Node: testload, Next: testvbe, Prev: setup, Up: Command-line and menu entry co…
3061 ----------------
3063 -- Command: testload file
3073 File: grub.info, Node: testvbe, Next: uppermem, Prev: testload, Up: Command-line and menu entry…
3076 ---------------
3078 -- Command: testvbe mode
3079 Test the VESA BIOS EXTENSION mode MODE. This command will switch
3084 File: grub.info, Node: uppermem, Next: vbeprobe, Prev: testvbe, Up: Command-line and menu entry…
3087 ----------------
3089 -- Command: uppermem kbytes
3099 File: grub.info, Node: vbeprobe, Prev: uppermem, Up: Command-line and menu entry commands
3102 ----------------
3104 -- Command: vbeprobe [mode]
3105 Probe VESA BIOS EXTENSION information. If the mode MODE is
3133 string and then halt. Pressing `<CTRL>-<ALT>-<DEL>' will reboot.
3169 `<CTRL>-<ALT>-<DEL>' will reboot.
3198 This error is returned if the run-length decompression code gets an
3268 18 : Selected cylinder exceeds maximum supported by BIOS
3282 such modules to a non-Multiboot-aware kernel.
3285 This error is returned if the device part of a device- or full
3291 part of a device- or full file name which isn't on the selected
3314 command-line or in a boot sequence section of a configuration file
3333 block-lists (e.g. the command `install'). In this case, you should
3334 mount the partition with the `-o notail' option.
3348 the MBR or they are used by EZ-BIOS.
3351 File: grub.info, Node: Invoking the grub shell, Next: Invoking grub-install, Prev: Troubleshooti…
3384 `--help'
3385 Print a summary of the command-line options and exit.
3387 `--version'
3390 `--verbose'
3393 `--device-map=FILE'
3397 `--no-floppy'
3399 option `--device-map' is specified (*note Device map::).
3401 `--probe-second-floppy'
3407 `--config-file=FILE'
3412 `--boot-drive=DRIVE'
3416 `--install-partition=PAR'
3420 `--no-config-file'
3423 `--no-curses'
3427 `--batch'
3428 This option has the same meaning as `--no-config-file --no-curses'.
3430 `--read-only'
3433 `--hold'
3444 *Note Installation::, for more information. The command `grub'-specific
3456 read-only flag, mount it in read-only mode. That should be secure.
3458 * If a drive must be mounted with the read-write flag, make sure
3468 cache consistent. Do not push <C-c>.
3470 If you want to install GRUB non-interactively, specify `--batch'
3471 option in the command-line. This is a simple example:
3476 /sbin/grub --batch <<EOT 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
3488 When you specify the option `--device-map' (*note Basic usage::), the
3510 File: grub.info, Node: Invoking grub-install, Next: Invoking grub-md5-crypt, Prev: Invoking the …
3512 16 Invoking grub-install
3515 The program `grub-install' installs GRUB on your drive using the grub
3519 grub-install INSTALL_DEVICE
3524 `grub-install' accepts the following options:
3526 `--help'
3527 Print a summary of the command-line options and exit.
3529 `--version'
3532 `--force-lba'
3537 `--root-directory=DIR'
3544 grub-install --root-directory=/boot hd0
3546 `--grub-shell=FILE'
3550 grub-install --grub-shell="grub --read-only" /dev/fd0
3552 `--recheck'
3558 File: grub.info, Node: Invoking grub-md5-crypt, Next: Invoking grub-terminfo, Prev: Invoking gru…
3560 17 Invoking grub-md5-crypt
3563 The program `grub-md5-crypt' encrypts a password in MD5 format. This
3568 `grub-md5-crypt' accepts the following options:
3570 `--help'
3571 Print a summary of the command-line options and exit.
3573 `--version'
3576 `--grub-shell=FILE'
3580 File: grub.info, Node: Invoking grub-terminfo, Next: Invoking grub-set-default, Prev: Invoking g…
3582 18 Invoking grub-terminfo
3585 The program `grub-terminfo' generates a terminfo command from a
3588 that your terminal is vt100-compatible by default, this would be useful
3591 `grub-terminfo' accepts the following options:
3593 `--help'
3594 Print a summary of the command-line options and exit.
3596 `--version'
3601 grub-terminfo vt52
3604 File: grub.info, Node: Invoking grub-set-default, Next: Invoking mbchk, Prev: Invoking grub-term…
3606 19 Invoking grub-set-default
3609 The program `grub-set-default' sets the default boot entry for GRUB.
3617 `grub-set-default' accepts the following options:
3619 `--help'
3620 Print a summary of the command-line options and exit.
3622 `--version'
3625 `--root-directory=DIR'
3630 You must specify a single argument to `grub-set-default'. This
3648 grub-set-default 1
3659 …ode: Invoking mbchk, Next: Obtaining and Building GRUB, Prev: Invoking grub-set-default, Up: Top
3669 `--help'
3670 Print a summary of the command-line options and exit.
3672 `--version'
3675 `--quiet'
3684 *Caution:* GRUB requires binutils-2.9.1.0.23 or later because the
3692 named grub-version.tar.gz. The current version is 0.97, so the file you
3695 `ftp://alpha.gnu.org/gnu/grub/grub-0.97.tar.gz'
3699 zcat grub-0.97.tar.gz | tar xvf -
3701 which will create a directory called `grub-0.97' with all the
3705 cd grub-0.97
3727 (http://www.gnu.org/software/grub/grub-faq.html).
3764 sufficient for us to do the same thing--Don't forget that we
3772 <bug-grub@gnu.org>, but we strongly recommend that you use the Bug
3773 Tracking System, because e-mail can be passed over easily.
3795 This chapter documents the user-invisible aspect of GRUB.
3798 the descriptions of the internals up-to-date, and it is quite hard to
3808 * Command interface:: The generic interface for built-ins
3812 * Low-level disk I/O:: INT 13H disk I/O interrupts
3825 mutual-exclusively, sometimes a memory area overlaps with another
3831 0 to 4K-1
3837 down from 8K-1
3844 Command-line buffer for Multiboot kernels and modules
3855 The end of Stage 2 to 416K-1
3858 down from 416K-1
3861 416K to 448K-1
3864 448K to 479.5K-1
3867 479.5K to 480K-1
3868 512-byte scratch area
3870 480K to 512K-1
3871 Buffers for various functions, such as password, command-line, cut
3886 well-defined, so that the installation can patch the binary file
3919 8-byte block list is not read here, but after the pointer is decremented
4043 (re-)load all important contents. When opening and reading a file,
4051 D.4 The generic interface for built-ins
4054 GRUB built-in commands are defined in a uniformal interface, whether
4055 they are menu-specific or can be used anywhere. The definition of a
4059 The code must be a function which takes two arguments, a command-line
4062 value must be zero if successful, otherwise non-zero. So it is normally
4101 GRUB should support both the CHS mode and the LBA mode (*note Low-level
4137 File: grub.info, Node: Memory detection, Next: Low-level disk I/O, Prev: I/O ports detection, U…
4146 File: grub.info, Node: Low-level disk I/O, Next: MBR, Prev: Memory detection, Up: Internals
4155 File: grub.info, Node: MBR, Next: Partition table, Prev: Low-level disk I/O, Up: Internals
4178 <bug-grub@gnu.org>. Here is the list of items of which you should take
4192 * Make patches in unified diff format. `diff -urN' is appropriate in
4205 * If your patch is too large to send in e-mail, put it at somewhere
4206 we can see. Usually, you shouldn't send e-mail over 20K.
4299 Node: Overview-Footnotes5865
4300 Ref: Overview-Footnote-15926
4303 Node: Features-Footnotes12976
4304 Ref: Features-Footnote-113037
4306 Node: Role of a boot loader-Footnotes14520
4307 Ref: Role of a boot loader-Footnote-114607
4312 Node: Installing GRUB natively-Footnotes22461
4313 Ref: Installing GRUB natively-Footnote-122554
4314 Node: Installing GRUB using grub-install22739
4315 Node: Making a GRUB bootable CD-ROM25685
4316 Node: Making a GRUB bootable CD-ROM-Footnotes27730
4317 Ref: Making a GRUB bootable CD-ROM-Footnote-127833
4321 Node: Chain-loading30408
4322 Node: Chain-loading-Footnotes31718
4323 Ref: Chain-loading-Footnote-131789
4324 Node: OS-specific notes31861
4334 Node: Booting once-only39294
4339 Node: General usage of network support-Footnotes50850
4340 Ref: General usage of network support-Footnote-150959
4351 Node: Command-line interface67661
4352 Node: Command-line interface-Footnotes69602
4353 Ref: Command-line interface-Footnote-169691
4358 Node: Menu-specific commands73029
4382 Node: Command-line and menu entry commands90486
4393 Node: embed-Footnotes97096
4394 Ref: embed-Footnote-197151
4403 Node: install-Footnotes103415
4404 Ref: install-Footnote-1103474
4433 Node: Invoking grub-install129896
4434 Node: Invoking grub-md5-crypt131484
4435 Node: Invoking grub-terminfo132133
4436 Node: Invoking grub-set-default132899
4449 Node: Low-level disk I/O152105