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47 .Op Fl d Oo Oo +- Oc Ns Ar flags Oc
56 utility is a macro processor that can be used as a front end to any
58 If no input files are given,
60 reads from the standard input,
63 Input files can be regular files, files in the m4 include paths, or a
64 single dash
65 .Pq Sq - ,
66 denoting standard input.
82 .Dq [a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]* .
87 To quote strings, use left and right single quotes
91 built-in macro.
93 Most built-ins do not make any sense without arguments, and hence are not
97 .Bl -tag -width Ds
98 .It Fl D Ns Ar name Ns Oo = Ns Ar value Oc , Fl -define Ns = Ns Ar name Ns Oo = Ns Ar value Oc
103 .It Fl d Oo Oo +|- Oc Ns Ar flags Oc , Fl -debug Ns = Ns Oo Oo +|- Oc Ns Ar flags Oc
106 .Bl -tag -width Ds
130 .Qq -
141 .It Fl E , Fl -fatal-warnings
143 When a single
148 will exit with a non-zero exit status.
154 will exit with a non-zero exit status.
156 .It Fl G , Fl -traditional
160 .It Fl g , Fl -gnu
165 .Sq a-z ) ,
179 .It Fl I Ar dirname , Fl -include Ns = Ns Ar dirname
183 .It Fl o Ar filename , Fl -error-output Ns = Ns Ar filename
186 .It Fl P , Fl -prefix-builtins
187 Prefix all built-in macros with
193 .It Fl s , Fl -synclines
196 .It Fl t Ar macro , Fl -trace Ns = Ns Ar macro
199 .It Fl U Ns Ar name , Fl -undefine Ns = Ns Ar name
205 provides the following built-in macros.
208 .Bl -tag -width changequote
210 Calls a built-in by its
214 Changes the start comment and end comment sequences.
218 .Bd -literal -offset indent
223 With one single argument, the end comment sequence is set
230 .Bd -literal -offset indent
235 With one single argument, the close quote sequence is set
271 macro definitions (even for built-in macros).
273 There are 10 output queues (numbered 0-9).
274 At the end of processing
285 Discard input characters up to and including the next newline.
293 Note that the shell shares its standard input and standard error with
296 Computes the first argument as an arithmetic expression using 32-bit
317 This built-in is only available in GNU-m4 compatibility mode, and the only
319 left-padding flag, an optional field width, a maximum field width,
320 *-specified field widths, and the %s and %c data type.
341 zero or one arguments left, either this last argument or
351 as a colon-separated list of directories.
361 argument is not found index returns \-1.
407 is a digit, is replaced by the corresponding back-reference.
421 it returns the first match position or \-1 if no match.
423 is provided, it returns the replacement string, with sub-patterns replaced.
465 A pre-defined macro for testing the OS platform.
472 .Ex -std m4
494 .St -p1003.1-2008
520 .St -p1003.1-2008
530 .Nm gnu-m4 ,
535 The built-ins
545 replaces the top-most definition only.
548 All built-ins do expand without arguments in many other
555 .An -nosplit
560 GNU-m4 compatibility extensions by